ES2377811T3 - System for fixing a rail on a base - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for attaching a rail S to a substrate U, the system having a nut (7) which can be screwed onto the threaded segment (32) of the stud bolt (5) and which works on the central loop (14) of the tension clamp (3) to tension the tension clamp (3) against the substrate (U). Such a system according to the invention can be cost-effectively produced and easily assembled because the nut (7) has an extension on its underside (U) in the shape of an annular section (29) which abuts the inner sides of the side pieces (15, 16) of the central loop (14) in the space (17) laterally bordering the side pieces (15, 16) of the central loop (14) in a gripping and form-locking manner, and the nut has an inner threading (30) which fits to the threading of the stud bolt (5) threaded segment (32).

Description

System for fixing a rail on a base.

The invention relates to a system for fixing a rail on a base, which has a threaded bolt fixed on the base when the system is fully assembled, which has a threaded section that protrudes freely on the upper face of the base when the threaded bolt is fixed in the base.

Systems of this type are used, for example, for fixing a rail on a base formed by concrete slabs or concrete sleepers. Such bases that are made of a non-flexible material are also designated as "fixed track".

The fixed roads have been imposed in the field of high-speed people transport and the transport of heavy goods, since they allow a particularly precise and safe lane fixation. At the same time, the load of the rail can be adjusted in a comparatively simple way, so that an optimum service life is achieved. Thus, for example, by arranging an elastic intermediate piece between the rail and the corresponding base, it is possible to adjust exactly the value of what the rail sinks when it is crossed by a vehicle on rails. The rail fastening system used respectively corresponds in this case, on the one hand, the objective of holding the rail with a force that safely prevents a lift. On the other hand, the rail fixing supports the rail against the transverse forces that appear at the corresponding fixing point when the rail is crossed.

Due to the large number of fixings that are required for the fixing of a rail, such rail fixings of the type discussed here must not only safely withstand the loads that appear in practical operation, but also have to be manufactured economically and mount easily.

Under the designation "RN System" a rail fastening system is configured in a particularly simple way. It comprises a spring element configured in a piece according to the type of a laminated spring, which has a spring section and a support section that is bent about an axis oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spring element, so that it is in contact with the underside of the spring section. The spring section is in this case longer than the support section, so that it freely exceeds the support section with its final section.

In the fully assembled state the final section in question is on the foot of the rail to be fixed, which is on an elastic layer on the fixed base, and exerts an elastic spring force oriented towards the fixed base. The necessary pre-tension of the spring element is achieved in this case since a threaded bolt is screwed into the fixed base, which is guided through passage openings formed in the spring section and the support section, and in the Threaded bolt is screwed a nut that acts through a washer on the upper face of the spring element opposite the fixed base. At the same time the spring element supports with its bending section, in which the support section of the spring section is bent, in a groove formed in the fixed base that extends parallel to the rail to be fixed. In this way the spring element must be secured against an unwanted change of position.

The advantage of the fixing system explained above is that it only requires very few components formed in a very simple way to fix a rail. Practical experiences also show that these components do not live up to the loads that appear in the practice of modern high-speed transport or heavy goods. Thus, the threaded bolt is exposed, for example, to high transverse forces that cause wear that advances rapidly in the area of the passage openings of the spring element and can lead to a rupture of the threaded bolt. Under these loads in the area of the groove that forms the insurance against changes of position there is also an increased abrasive wear, and as a consequence of this after a relatively short time of use it is not possible to guarantee the regulatory seat protected against rotation of the spring element.

Another rail fixing system of the type mentioned at the beginning is explained in the brochure published by the applicant “Schienen-Befestigungs-Systeme für Betonschwellen - System W 14” (“Rail fixing systems for concrete sleepers - system W 14”) . Also in this system the rail to be fixed is on an elastic intermediate layer directly on the fixed base. The rail is guided in this case laterally by angular guidance plates, which respectively form in pairs with each other a rail channel just for the track, on which the corresponding rail rests. The forces introduced through the rail are conducted through the angular guidance plate directly to the base that supports the rail. For this purpose, on the corresponding base, for each of the angular guidance plates, a heel is formed on which the assigned angular guidance plate is supported.

In the W14 system on the angular guidance plate, a W-shaped clamping device is mounted which, in the fully assembled state, presses with the free end sections of its elastic arms on the free upper face of the rail rail foot a pin up. In a curved support section, opposite respectively to its free end section and resting on the angular guide plate, the elastic arms of the clamping device is transformed into a central loop that is braced by a clamping screw against the fixed base. The central U-shaped loop of the clamping device wraps the clamping screw. Its sides are designed in this case so that the clamping device, with the pre-assembled clamping screw that exerts a reduced pressure force, can be moved from a preassembly position, in which the free end sections of the elastic arms of the clamping device rest on a groove that extends parallel to the rail to be mounted and its support sections rest on a surface assigned to the corresponding heel of the fixed base, to the mounting position in which the elastic arms act on the foot of rail, and the support sections of the clamping device rest on a notch formed for it in the angular guide plate, generally in the form of a groove.

The advantage of the concept of the rail fixing system W14 and comparable systems, which is based on an angular guide plate, is that the clamping screw necessary for the bracing of the clamping device can be held widely free of transverse forces, in a way that guarantees a safe and durable support of the rail with a little wear and minimum danger of rupture. However, it is disadvantageous that the clamping device used in the known system needs a large constructive space compared to the RN system, and the clamping screw needs a large length to be able to tighten the clamping device in a simple assembly. For the regulatory operation of the W14 system and similarly constructed systems it is also necessary that a respective support bead is configured on the fixed base, through which the transverse forces absorbed by the angular guide plate are driven to the fixed base.

Additionally, document FR-A 7145480 shows a generic system for fixing a rail with all the features of the preamble of claim 1. With this background the objective of creating a rail fixing system that could be manufactured economically was deduced. and that it could be mounted in a simple way, and that with a minimized space requirement it would provide higher clamping forces in a durable way than in the case, for example, of the RN system.

This objective has been solved according to the invention by a system configured according to claim 1 for fixing a rail. Advantageous configurations of this system are indicated in the claims referring to the claim.

one.

A system according to the invention for fixing a rail on a base comprises, in accordance with the state of the art, a threaded bolt fixed on the base when the system is fully assembled. It has a threaded section that protrudes freely on the upper face of the base when the threaded bolt is fixed on the base.

At the same time, a system according to the invention comprises a clamping device formed in one piece, which has a central loop and at least one elastic arm connected to the central loop, the central loop having two arms that run in parallel at a distance from one another. and that delimit each other a space in which the threaded section of the threaded bolt is arranged when the system is fully assembled. This elastic arm exerts an elastic clamping force on the foot of the rail to be fixed with its free end section assigned to the rail when the system is fully assembled.

Finally, the system according to the invention also comprises a nut that can be screwed into the threaded section of the threaded bolt and when the system is fully assembled it acts on the central loop of the clamping device to bracing the clamping device against the base.

According to the invention, this nut now has an extension in its lower face assigned to the central loop of the clamping device. This extension is in the form of a peripheral shoulder which, when the system is fully assembled, engages in the space delimited laterally by the sides of the central loop and in this case is in contact in a trailing manner with the inner faces of the sides of the loop central. At the same time the peripheral shoulder has an internal thread that is adapted to the thread of the threaded section of the threaded screw.

By means of the extension shoulder provided according to the invention in the nut provided for the bracing of the clamping device. On the one hand, the length is extended, through which a shape drag and force drag joint is manufactured between the nut and the threaded section of the threaded bolt during the assembly of the system according to the invention, at the height of the shoulder with respect to a nut that acts, if necessary, through a washer on the central loop of the tightening device according to the nuts commonly used for the bracing of a tightening device only with its flat front surface.

On the other hand, by forming the extension shoulder of a nut provided according to the invention, conformation adapted to the shape of the central loop side of the clamping device, it is ensured that the central loop is always conducted safely under the elevated loads that appear in practical operation.

By this configuration according to the invention of the nut present in a system according to the invention, it is therefore possible to fix a clamping device formed according to the model of conventional clamping devices with a threaded bolt, which only protrudes in a comparatively short piece on the upper face of the fixed base on which the rail must be fixed. Therefore a system according to the invention occupies little height in the finished mounted position.

Due to the special suitability of the nut present in a fastening system according to the invention, also to ensure a secure bracing of the clamping device on a short piece of threaded bolt, the system according to the invention can be used in particular also using threaded bolts which come from previously existing fastening systems, for example, which must be replaced due to wear, and must remain in the corresponding base.

An especially secure support of the clamping device can be achieved in the corresponding fixing position since a groove is formed in the nut shoulder whose shape of the cross section is adapted to the shape of the peripheral surface of the central loop of the device squeeze, which comes into contact with it, so that the central loop is in contact in a form with the projection in the contact area. If, for example, the clamping device is bent from a wire material in essentially circular cross-section, thus the cross-sectional shape of the throat formed in the shoulder of the groove is configured in a circular arc the nut.

To enable simple assembly with conventional mounting devices that work in particular automatically, the nut should have a head section in which attack surfaces are configured for a mounting tool.

While the length of the sides of the central loop of the clamping device and the length of the at least one elastic arm of the clamping device are adapted to each other so that, seen in plan, the central loop protrudes over the final section of the elastic arm of the clamping device, ensures that the central loop of the clamping device protrudes in the fully assembled state on the rail foot. In this way the central loop can serve as a safety against a rail foot lift.

A secure transmission of the clamping force to be exerted by the elastic arms on the rail foot can be achieved since the final section of the elastic arm is bent in a manner known per se in the direction of the central loop of the clamping device.

In a conventional manner, also in a system according to the invention, the elastic arm of the clamping device can be transformed into a support section in the central loop of the clamping device. As in this case the support section runs in an arc directed outward from the central loop of the clamping device, and the support section is in the same plane as the sides of the central loop of the clamping device, the constructive height of the system It can be further minimized in the fully assembled state.

The configuration according to the invention of a fixing system can be used especially advantageously if the clamping device has two elastic arms, of which one is connected with one side and the other with the other side of the device's central loop Of tightening. In this case the clamping device is configured in the form of W, so that a uniform load of all the components of the fixing system is achieved.

A particularly advantageous configuration suitable for the practice of the fixing system according to the invention is characterized in that, according to the example of the prior art, it comprises an angular guide plate, which is intended to be placed on the base, and which on its free upper face in the mounting position it presents guiding elements for guiding the clamping device. If there is a corresponding collapse in the base on which the rail is to be fixed, the angular guide plate may have on its lower face assigned to the base a projection that is intended to engage in this depression in order to thus form a safety drag the position of the angle guide plate into its mounting position. The electrical insulation of the fixing system can be guaranteed in this case since the angular guidance plate is made of an insulating material. It serves the same purpose, if the fixing system according to the invention comprises an insulating element made of an electrically insulating material, which has a housing for the final section of the at least one elastic arm of the clamping device, and is intended to be placed between the final section in question and the lane to be fixed.

The invention is explained in detail below by means of a drawing that represents embodiments. They show schematically respectively:

Fig. 1 a fixing of a rail in a view from above;

Fig. 2a section through the fixation along the X-X cutting line shown in fig. one;

Fig. 3 a nut belonging to a system for fixing the rail in side view;

Fig. 4 the nut in a longitudinal section;

Fig. 5 the nut in a top view; Fig. 6a tightening device belonging to the system for fixing the rail in a view from above;

Fig. 7 The clamping device in a section along the Y-Y cutting line shown in fig. 6.

The fixing B of the rail S on a fixed base U formed by a concrete crossbar is formed by two systems 1, 2.

Each of the systems 1, 2 for fixing the rail S comprises a clamping device 3, an angular guide plate 4, a threaded bolt 5, an insulating device 6 and a nut 7 that can be screwed onto the threaded bolt 5 .

The angular guide plate 4 is made of an electrically non-conductive plastic material and each time has a passage opening for the threaded bolt 5. On the lower face assigned to the fixed base U, the angular guidance plate 4 has a projection 8 extending parallel to the attack surface 10 of the angular guide plate 4 that is in contact with the rail foot, and therefore parallel to the rail S. The shape of the projection 8 is adapted to the shape of a groove 11, which is formed on the upper face 12 of the fixed base U assigned to the angular guiding plate 4. In this way the projection 8 of the angular guiding plate 4 engages in the groove 11, so that it is secured in its mounting position against a rotation on an axis of rotation arranged on the surface 12. At the same time through the projection 8 the transverse forces are driven to the fixed base that are absorbed by the angular guide plate 4 when being atr the lane S.

Guiding elements 13 are formed on its upper face on the angular guide plate 4, which ensure the situation of the clamping device 3 in the fully assembled position.

The clamping device 3 folded into a piece of elastic wire material is configured in a W-shape and has a central loop 14 with two sides 15, 16 that extend in parallel and delimit a space from each other 17. The sides 15, 16 are joined together at one end through a base section 18 of the central loop 14 folded in approx. 180º. At its other end the sides 15, 16 are each time transformed into a support section 19, 20, which extend in the same plane E as the sides 15, 16.

With the support sections 19, 20 an elastic arm 21, 22 is respectively connected which in a respective arc section 23, 24, which extends parallel to the sides 15, 16 of the central loop 14, is transformed into a respective final section 25, 26, which is angled from the corresponding arc section 23, 24 in the direction of the central section 14. In the fully assembled position the final sections 25, 26 rest in a respective housing of the insulating device 6 manufactured in the form of plate of a non-conductive plastic material and act through the insulating device 6 on the upper face of the rail foot 9.

The length L1 of the elastic arms 21, 22, measured in plan view, is in this case a little less than the length L2 of the central section 14, so that the central section 14, seen in plan view or in view side is a little ahead of the final sections 25, 26.

The nut 7 has a head section 28 provided with a conventionally formed outer hexagon 27, on its lower face an extension is formed in the form of a peripheral shoulder 29. The inner thread 30 of the nut 7 extends in this case over the entire height of the head section 28 and the shoulder 29. A peripheral throat K is formed on the outer face of the shoulder 29. The cross-sectional shape of the throat describes a circular arc whose radius Rk corresponds to the outer radius Ra of the circular sides 15, 16 in cross-section. At the same time, the smaller diameter D of the shoulder 29 corresponds to the smaller distance A of the sides, so that the nut 7 can rest on the central loop 14, and in this case it rests in a drag on the sides 15, 16. In this case, the shoulder 29 engages in the space 17 delimited laterally by the sides 15, 16.

A plastic pin 31 is inserted into the fixed base U into which the corresponding threaded bolt 5 is screwed. Each of the threaded bolts 5 has a threaded section 32 with which the threaded bolt 5 protrudes from the upper face 11 of the fixed base U. In this case, the length L3 of the threaded section 32 is so fair that the threaded section 32 does not emerge from the corresponding clamping device 3. The external thread of the threaded section 32 corresponds to the internal thread 30 of the nut 7.

For mounting the systems 1, 2 on the threaded bolts 5 that already rest on the fixed base U, the corresponding angular guidance plate 4 is first placed on the fixed base U, so that its projection 8 engages in the groove 11 assigned to it. The threaded bolts 5 are introduced in this case with their threaded section 32 through the passage opening formed for them in the angular guide plate 4. Next, the corresponding clamping device 3 is placed on the angular guidance plate 4 which is assigned. The threaded section 32 of the threaded bolt 5 engages in this case in the space 17 delimited between the sides 15, 16 of the central loop 14. In this case the final sections 25, 26 of the corresponding clamping device 3 rest on the corresponding insulating device 6 and they are supported through it on the corresponding face of the rail foot 9. Next, a respective nut 7 is screwed onto the threaded section 32 assigned to it. In this case, the section of the internal thread 30 of the nut 7 disposed on the shoulder 29 engages the external thread of the threaded section 32 of the threaded bolt 5. By further tightening the nut 7 the central loop 14 is then braced against the angular guide plate 4 and therefore also against the fixed base U. In

the fully braced state of the drag between the central loop 14 and the shoulder 29 of the nut secures the clamping device 3 against lateral displacement. At the same time the inner thread 30 of the nut 7 meshes with the outer thread of the threaded section 32 in a length sufficient for the transmission of the clamping force.

If necessary, it is also possible to pre-assemble the systems 1, 2. For this, the clamping devices 3 are previously positioned respectively in a removed position with respect to the rail S, and then the corresponding nut is tightened only until the clamping devices 3 are subjects in their preassembly position. Then the rail S can be placed in the space delimited laterally by the angular guiding plates 4. Then the clamping devices 3 move in the direction of the rail S until they have reached their final mounting position and the clamps can be tightened. nuts 7 until the clamping devices 3 exert the necessary clamping force on the rail S.

Reference List

1, 2

S rail fixing system

3

Clamping device

4

Angular Guidance Plate

5

Threaded bolt

6

Insulating device

7

Nut

8

Outgoing

9

Rail foot

10

Attack surface

eleven

Groove

12

Upper face

13

Guiding elements

14

Center loop

15, 16

Sides of the central loop 14

17

Space bounded laterally by arms 15, 16

18

Base section of the central loop 14

19, 20

Center Loop Support Section 14

21, 22

Elastic arms of the central loop 14

23, 24

Bow section of elastic arms 21, 22

25, 26

Final sections of the elastic arms 21, 22

27

External hexagon of head section 28 of nut 7

28

Nut Head Section 7

29

Highlight of nut 7

30

Inner thread of nut 7

31

Plastic pin

32

Threaded section of threaded bolt 5

TO

Less distance from the sides 15, 16 of the central loop 14

B

S rail fixing

D

Minor diameter of shoulder 29

K

Throat formed on shoulder 29

L1

Elastic arm length 21, 22

L2

Length of center section 14

5

L3 Threaded section length 32

Ra

Outside radius of the sides 15, 16

Rk

Throat radius K

S

Rail

OR

Base

10

Claims (15)

1.-System for fixing a rail (S) on a base (U),

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with a threaded bolt (5) fixed on the base (U) when the system (1, 2) is fully assembled, which has a threaded section (32) that protrudes freely on the upper face (11) of the base (U) when the threaded bolt (5) is fixed on the base (U),

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with a clamping device (3) formed in a piece that has a central loop (14) and at least one elastic arm (21, 22) connected to the central loop (14), the central loop (14) having two sides ( 15, 16) running parallel to a distance (A) from each other and defining a space (17) between them in which the threaded section (32) of the threaded bolt (5) is arranged when the system (1, 2) it is fully assembled, and the elastic arm (21, 22) exerts an elastic clamping force on the foot (9) of the rail (S) to be fixed with its free end section (25, 26) assigned to the rail (S) when the system (1, 2) is fully assembled, and

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with a nut (7) that can be screwed onto the threaded section (32) of the threaded bolt (5) and when the system (1, 2) is fully assembled it acts on the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3) to brace the clamping device (3) against the base (U),

characterized in that the nut (7) has, on its lower face (5) assigned to the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3), an extension in the form of a peripheral shoulder (29) which, when the system (1, 2) is completely mounted, in the space (17) delimited laterally by the sides (15, 16) of the central loop (14) it is in contact by engaging in drag with the inner faces of the sides (15, 16) of the loop central (14), and has an internal thread (30) that is adapted to the thread of the threaded section (32) of the threaded bolt (5). 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that on the shoulder (29) of the nut (7) a throat (K) is formed whose shape in cross section is adapted to the shape of the peripheral surface of the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3) that comes into contact with it, so that the central loop (14) is in contact in a form with the shoulder (29) in the contact area. 3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the clamping device (3) is curved from an essentially circular wire material in cross section and the shape of the throat cross section (K) formed in the shoulder ( 29) of the nut (7) is configured as a circle arc. 4. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nut (7) has a head section (28) in which attack surfaces are configured for a mounting tool. 5. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length (L1) of the sides (15, 16) of the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3) and the length (L2) of the at least one arm elastic (21, 22) of the clamping device (3) are adapted to each other so that, seen in plan, the central loop (14) protrudes over the final section (25, 26) of the elastic arm (21, 22) of the clamping device (3). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the final section (25, 26) of the elastic arm (21, 22) is angled in the direction of the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic arm (21, 22) becomes a support section (19, 20) in the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3). 8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the support section (19, 20) runs in an arc oriented outside the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3). 9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the support section (19, 20) is in the same plane as the sides (15, 16) of the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3). 10. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping device (3) has two elastic arms (21, 22), of which one is connected to one of the sides (15, 16) and the other It is connected to the other side (16, 15) of the central loop (14) of the clamping device (3). 11. System according to claim 10, characterized in that the clamping device (3) is configured in the form of W. 12. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an angular guide plate (4) which is intended to rest on the base (U), and which has guided elements on its free upper face in the mounting position. (13) for guiding the clamping device (3). 13. System according to claim 12, characterized in that the angular guide plate has on its lower face assigned to the base a projection that is intended to engage in a cavity formed in the base. 14. System according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the angular guidance plate (4) is composed of an insulating material. 15. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an insulating element (6) made of an electrically insulating material that has a housing for the final section (25, 26) of the at least one elastic arm (21, 22) of the clamping device (3), and is intended to be placed between the final section (25, 26) in question and the rail (S) to be fixed.