ES2353085T3 - WATER TREATMENT DEVICE WITH DRINKING WATER FILTER, REGENERATION DEVICE AND DRINKING WATER PREPARATION PROCEDURE. - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION IS ABOUT AN APPLIANCE FOR WATER TREATMENT TO TREAT DRINKING WATER FROM WATER FROM THE TAP. IN AN APPARATUS OF THIS TYPE, THE BOX HAS A CYLINDRICAL FORM, AT LEAST IN THE INNER FACE. THE BOX CONSISTS OF BOX SECTIONS ONLY AVAILABLE ON OTHERS, THROUGH WHICH CIRCULATES THE WATER OF THE TAP TO BE PURIFIED. THE INDIVIDUAL CASE SECTIONS ARE CONFORMED AS A REPLACABLE FILTER CARTRIDGES.

Description

Water treatment device with filter of drinking water, regeneration device and procedure Preparation of drinking water.

The invention relates to an apparatus of water treatment according to the preamble of claim 1 for remove harmful substances, particularly chlorine, hydrocarbons chlorinated, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, heavy metals and tap water nitrates, to prepare drinking water for use domestic. The invention particularly relates to a form of modified and improved embodiment of a treatment apparatus of the water, as is the object of European patent EP 483 738 thereof applicant.

This known water treatment device to eliminate harmful substances, particularly chlorine, chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, heavy metals and nitrates from tap water, which consists of a housing with a cover, a shirt and a bottom, whose cover is arranged an evacuation of water, at whose bottom a connection of pipes for the admission of water and that presents coal activated and anion exchanger material, which is traversed by the flow of tap water to be purified in the direction of the admission of water for the evacuation of purified water, it characterized by the fact that the housing has a section lower and upper housing, which are separable from each other  and, because the inside of the housing has a first chamber bottom with activated carbon and a second upper chamber with anion exchanger material, because the two chambers each they are closed up and down by filter fleeces, and why the two cameras essentially occupy the full volume of the lower and upper sections of the housing.

The patent US-A-506 1367 discloses an apparatus for water treatment, which has a housing in the form of cylinder with a lid, an intake and water evacuation as well as a interchangeable filter cartridge (see column 4, lines 49 - 60 and illustration 1). The cartridge is cylindrical and has a handle and holes that are crossed by water from the bottom up (see column 4, line 25, 31 and 66 - column 5, line 2).

From US-A-47 69 143 an apparatus consisting of a cylindrical container is known with different cameras or fields separated from each other by intermediate funds, communicated with each other. One such device does not present  interchangeable cartridges, since the housing has bottoms fixed intermediates The combination of the filtering areas for it It is firmly preset and a regeneration of materials for filtration is impossible, so the filter must be discarded after being spent.

GB-A-21 24 53 discloses the counter current regeneration service, in which a brine tank and a piping system are planned, so that the admission and evacuation in the service of regeneration, and both the water and also the brine of regeneration can pass through the filtering materials in both addresses (see page 1, lines 19-22, page 4, lines 4-8 and illustration 2).

GB-A-39 95 14 discloses the service of regeneration in direct current, in the which is turned upside down the water treatment apparatus that is crossed by water from the bottom up during the normal operation, and the regeneration solution crosses the filter material from top to bottom (see page 1, lines 86-89 and claim 1).

The task to be solved with the invention can be seen in providing a water treatment device with a medium filter that can be regenerated, which can be adapted so flexible to the respective substance load. Besides, the Feedback must be performed by the consumer.

This task is solved with the characteristics of the device according to claims 1 to 15 as well as with the characteristics of claims 16 to 19 of the procedure to operate or regenerate the treatment device of the water according to claim 1.

With the proposal according to the invention it is achieved that cartridges with identical and different exterior dimensions filter media can be incorporated in a modular way in any case according to the requirements of the filter in the housing cylindrical tubular filter. For insertion and removal of cartridges only remove the lid of the device. Cover simultaneously it is formed so that it can serve as support surface when placing the device upside down. Besides, the cover must be provided with a handle, likewise each of the cartridges, to facilitate removal and insertion.

Between the individual cartridges and the casing of filter pressure compensation is necessary. For this they are provided with overflow holes in the cartridge housing, a through which the overflowing water penetrates the area between cartridges and the filter housing, which cannot be washed. In this overflowing water is possible a proliferation of germs. For to counteract this proliferation of germs, it is foreseen in the space between the cartridge and the filter housing a device that contains salt in the form of a tablet or brine, which results in a saline solution in reaction with the overflowing water, which prevents  Germ proliferation and removes germs from water. By example, one or more salt tablets may be provided in the side surface of the cartridge.

In a further configuration of the invention the Drinking water filter is additionally provided with a membrane of germs, with whose help germs are filtered. Membrane of germs is arranged in a housing that for example as additional housing is connected to the filter device under the bottom of the filter housing. To facilitate a replacement of the membrane, the germ membrane shell is formed of way that can be opened.

According to another embodiment of the invention, replaceable filter cartridges are disposed within the filter housing, so that they have a distance large enough with respect to the inner wall of the housing filter, so they can be washed from behind.

To regenerate the drinking water filters of the water treatment apparatus and therefore guarantee a continuous and correct operation, a device of regeneration consisting of a disposed brine tank above the filter housing or placed above the lid of the filtration apparatus, a pipe connection between the tank brine and bottom of the filter housing, as well as a evacuation pipe connected to the upper area of the housing filter, p. ex. With the lid. Through the brine tank raised brine flows down under the effect of the force of gravity and presses the brine liquid through the cartridges in the filter housing from the bottom up. To the at the same time the ion exchange resins are regenerated and the entire contents of the drinking water filter are disinfected by the common salt solution. The brine tank however can be also connected to the water circuit, so that it is possible a normal operation switching of the filter to regeneration service, and regeneration can be carried out in the principle of countercurrent or direct current. The switching is done by means of reversing valves corresponding. For regeneration the filter housing is placed of the water treatment apparatus upside down. In addition, within frame of the present invention the salt container can be incorporated into the water pipe for the regeneration process and be separated again from the water pipe after the Termination of the regeneration. On this occasion only the connections for the water tap and the flexible hose of exit.

Another possibility of regeneration consists of provide a separate device to press the salt water in the drinking water filter An apparatus of this type consists of a housing, whose container is filled with brine. The surface of the brine is covered with a load in the form of plates or boxes, so that the weight of this cover acts continuously over the brine and so that the brine can come out with pressure increased on the bottom side of the container through an outlet, which is then introduced into the filter housing and that it passes through the filter cartridges arranged inside the housing of filter from bottom to top. Such a device is conveniently usable so that the device is deposited water treatment in the stack while the container filled with brine it is to the side and raised on the surface of work, so that the force of gravity of the brine in the vessel in addition to the pressure produced by The weight load.

Drinking water filters according to the invention They can be regenerated by the consumer himself. A feedback is necessary, when the nitrate resin intake capacity is exhausted (eg in case of a nitrate load of approx. 100 mg / l and of an amount of taking of approx. 10 l / day should be recommended one regeneration after a nitrate slip of approx. 10 mg / l, which corresponds more or less to a period of 8 weeks), the germ membrane is clogged increasing by filtration of bacteria and the reduction in yield produced in this case D.E.P. ex. 2.0 l / min has decreased to a value of p. ex. 1.0 l / min., the drinking water filter is put into service for the first time, also in case of a change of cartridges or change of membrane.

Optimal clearance is achieved by regeneration. in countercurrent. On this occasion, the obstructions are dissolved again by countercurrent and harmful substances accumulated in the lower area of the filter media are guided not unnecessarily through the entire filtration mass. Thus Admission capacity increases.

During the completion of the regeneration the nitrate resin is purified from nitrate or nitride and in case of need disinfected, activated carbon is equally purified and in case of need disinfected, the germ membrane is released from bacteria and all other bacteria are destroyed in the previous chamber, whereby the ability to restore membrane flow rates, e.g. of the order of 2.0 l / min., all Suspended substance filters are purified and disinfected, also the pebble layer is purified and disinfected.

Disinfection of the filter media or of the entire filter is of a particular meaning, when the filter of Drinking water is used without a germ membrane. After the passage of washing with unsalted water, the drinking water filter is connected to New normally to the water pipe.

All the materials used are sized according to the regulations of the Federal Health Office  and authentic foods.

Next, the invention is represented by hand of different embodiments in relation to the drawing. The same sample:

Fig. 1 a representation in section through an embodiment of a water treatment apparatus according to the invention,

Fig. 2 a modified embodiment of the water treatment apparatus with a germ membrane,

Fig. 3 another embodiment of an apparatus of water treatment according to the invention,

Fig. 4 a modified embodiment of the water treatment apparatus according to Fig. 3 with a membrane of germs,

Fig. 5 another embodiment of the invention with a previously connected germ membrane,

Fig. 6 a water treatment apparatus of the invention in the regeneration service with the deposit of brine,

Fig. 7 a water treatment apparatus of the invention with counter current regeneration,

Fig. 8 a water treatment apparatus according to the invention with direct current regeneration,

Fig. 9 a modified embodiment of the counter current regeneration,

Fig. 10 a modified embodiment of DC regeneration,

Fig. 11 an apparatus under table in the state of regeneration,

Fig. 12 an apparatus under table in the state of filter operation,

Fig. 13 a modified embodiment of a device under table in the state of regeneration,

Fig. 14 a modified embodiment of a device under table in the operating state of the filter,

Fig. 15 a water treatment apparatus according to the invention in counter current regeneration service with a pressure container,

Fig. 16 an additional variant of debugging of water according to the invention in the area of the germ membrane, Y

Fig. 17 the variant according to integrated Fig. 16 in a water treatment apparatus according to the invention.

The entire water treatment apparatus is denominated with 1. In a tubular cylindrical shell 2 with a bottom 3 and a removable cover 4 are disposed filter cartridges 5, 6, 6a replaceable on top of each other. These cartridges have an identical shape and dimensions, so that they are interchangeable each. Between the filter housing 2 and the cartridges 5, 6, 6a are arranged p. ex. in recesses of the respective cartridge some salt tablets 7, which come into contact with water 8 overflowing with the cartridges in the area between the filter housing 2 and the cartridge 5, 6, 6a and at the same time dissolve. Saline solution produced in this case prevents the proliferation of water germs overflowing, so that the water remains germ free. The cartridges 5, 6, 6a are sealed against filter housing 2 by annular joints 9 both in its upper area and also in its lower zone. The water to be treated enters through an admission 10 at bottom 3, it passes through filter cartridges 5, 6, 6a from bottom up and leave the device via the evacuation 11.

The filtration apparatus according to Fig. 2 is structured in principle according to Fig. 1, however it presents additionally a germ membrane 12 in a housing of germ membrane 13 which is arranged below the bottom 3 of the filter housing 2 and has an intake 14, an evacuation 15 and a air purge 16. The germ membrane casing 13 is separable from filter housing 2 and can be opened to replace the germ membrane 12.

In the embodiment of the filter 1 according to the Fig. 3, a flow channel 20, through which the cartridges they can be washed from behind, it is provided between the cartridges of filter 17, 18, 19 and filter housing 2. Fig. 4 shows in a modification of Fig. 3 the filter housing 2 in relation to a germ membrane housing corresponding to Fig. 2.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 5, the drinking water flows through a flexible intake pipe 21, a connection coupling 22 and a plug-in input element 23 in the bottom area in the filter housing F. Water flow input is limited by a flow reduction device 24 at a maximum value of eg 2.0 l / min .. In the input chamber 25 drinking water is prefiltered by a layer of pebbles, removing more coarse particles in suspension. Then the water flows through a filter of suspended substances 26 that It consists, for example, of plastic fiber wool and is refined. Prefiltered water accesses a previous chamber 27, in which a germ membrane 28, eg Sartopran-PH type  of the company Sartorius retains or filters with a minifilter candle or similar all existing germs or bacteria, if any in drinking water, before it can enter the chamber principal. The air that is present in any case in the chamber previous 27 is evacuated by a deaeration screw 28 '. Water that is thus free of volatile substances and bacteria is then introduced into the main chamber to through cartridges 29, 30, 31 connected in series, which are filled with different filter media, eg with coal activated for adsorption and absorption of phytosanitary products and similar or with selective nitrate resin for the removal of nitrate and nitride, corresponding to the elimination of substances harmful desired or necessary. All filter media are conveniently provided with a silver granulate that can be regenerated, whose quantity is chosen so that no silver is issued to drinking water. The drinking water filter can be therefore also used in fields, in which you can give up a germ membrane.

The individual 29, 30, 31 cartridges are containers in the form of cylinders, which are open below and above respectively by a grid of permeable plastic material 33. The side walls of the cartridges are waterproof. A wash of the filter media is prevented by the use of filters volatile substances 34 in the form of synthetic fiber wool. The volatile substance filters are also sized which compensate for variations in the volume of the filter media. The cartridge containers 29, 30, 31 are sealed with rubber rings 35a on one of its side walls 35 towards the housing wall, so that a gap 36 arises. Before that a drinking water filter is put into service, a atmospheric pressure throughout the vessel and in the gap 36. Case of connecting the drinking water filter to the pipe water supply, the internal pressure in the vessel rises during filling to eg approx. 6 bar For the compensation of the interstitium pressure 36 are provided holes of pressure compensation 37 in cartridges 29, 30, 31. Because of overpressure now flows more water in interstitium 36 to a maximum flow of 80 ml. To effectively avoid eventual germ formations in the interstices 36 are planned bags 38 on the outer wall of cartridge 35, which are determined for the admission of salt tablets 39. The tablets of salt 39 are covered by grids of synthetic material 40, the they dissolve through contact with water in the gap 36 until a saturation value is achieved (approx. 10 g). The solution Saline produced in this way prevents a formation of bacteria in  the gap 36. In the normal operating state it is not form no essential pressure difference between the vessel and the interstitium 36.

If the drinking water has crossed all three cartridges 29, 30, 31 from bottom to top, still flowing to through a threaded outlet nozzle 41, a coupling of connection 42 and a flexible connection pipe 43 towards a faucet exit. This completes the filtering process. The cover of drinking water tank must be opened by closing bayonet, so that the drinking water reservoir can be equipped Easily filter cartridges or cartridges can be easily changed. The fund can be opened equally, to renew the germ membrane or substance filter volatile

Fig. 6 shows a device for regeneration of the drinking water filter of the treatment apparatus of water 1. The drinking water filter is separated from the pipes of water connection 21, 43 with the help of the connection couplings 22 and 42 and is placed upside down. The flexible intake tube 43 is connected to the threaded nozzle 42 of the salt container 44. The Water flow is limited by a reducing device to p. ex. maximum 0.3 l / min. The flexible connection tube 43 of the container salt 44 is connected to the threaded outlet nozzle 41. The tube Flexible regeneration 21 is connected to the plug-in element input 22 to the lid and is inserted into the output channel. In when the salt container is filled with normal sodium chloride The regeneration process can be performed. The brine or the salt water in the containers 44 serves to regenerate the resins existing ion exchangers in filter cartridges 29, 30, 31. Via the flexible tube 43 the saline solution flows through of admission 41 of the cover which is now the bottom, through the individual cartridges and the entire filter housing facing up. At the bottom 47 which is now the lid flows the salt water via the flexible tube 21 through the evacuation 22, which otherwise It is admission.

Another embodiment of a regeneration It is provided in Figure 7 and Fig. 8. Fig. 7 shows a counter current regeneration service, Fig. 8 shows a Regeneration service in direct current. The housing of F filter in this case is performed as represented p. ex. in Figure 5. A brine tank 50 is connected in the water pipe 51. Upstream is planned a reversing valve 52 that conducts water flow during operation of the filter via the pipe 54 in the intake 42 of the filter housing F, while for the regeneration service the reversing valve 52 blocks the flow in the pipe 54 and what releases in the pipe 53, so that the water flow flows to through the brine in container 50 and from there on admission 42. In the evacuation 21 an inversion valve 56 is provided which releases in one position the flow of water to the water tap 57 and in the other position towards evacuation 58. For the process of regeneration, the filter housing is placed upside down.

In a modified embodiment of a regeneration device according to figures 9 and 10, the tank brine 59 is only connected to the regeneration service in the water pipe 60, and with 61 a valve of closure, 62 and 63 are the rush points for admission of brine tank 59. In the transition of the operation of the filter at the regeneration service, the flexible tap tube admission and water evacuation are simply changed to the output 21 of filter housing F.

With a run of the low filter device table according to figures 11 and 12, the filter housing F is arranged under battery 64. During the regeneration service, battery 64 is filled with brine 65. A flexible tube 66 is led from the bottom of the battery 64 to the outlet tap 67 and is connected to the outlet 21 of the filter housing cover via a pipe 68. Brine 65 flows through the pipe 68 and in the filter housing F, through the cartridges from below up (in the filtration apparatus turned upside down) and from admission 42 acting in this case as an evacuation, via a  flexible pipe 69 in the outlet channel. During the operation of the filter according to Fig. 12, the apparatus of filtration is operated in the conventional manner, that is, the tap water is introduced via pipe 70 and intake 42 in filter housing F, traversing the cartridges up and reaching in connection 21 via the connecting pipe 71 the drain tap 67, where filtered water can be taken.

In figures 13 and 14 it is represented respectively a service of the filter device in the state of regeneration and in working condition of the filter, being arranged a container with brine in the battery in a state of regeneration and counter-current regeneration service, and the brine is evacuated from the filter device via a valve close to channel output while during operation of the filter, the water introduced from the water pipe via the shut-off valve at the bottom of the filter device and via the outlet tap can be taken as purified water in the battery.

Another embodiment of a regeneration in countercurrent is represented in figure 15. The apparatus of Filtration F is in this case placed in stack 70. Next to it, it is that is, on the tabletop, a container 45 is installed containing brine 46. On the upper face of the volume of brine 46 is placed a floating housing 47, which houses a weight load 48, so that pressure is exerted on the volume brine 46. Brine is introduced into filter housing F via a flexible pipe 71 to exit 49 and forced to through the individual filter cartridges, and then it is bypass above (with filter housing placed upside down) via a flexible pipe 73 to the water drain channel. The housing 47 inside the container 45 is formed as a float and it is arranged inside the container 45 movably in height as well as it is sealed by rubber rings 73 against the vessel wall In addition the housing 47 houses a tube of ventilation and purge 74.

For filtration and segregation of bacteria and microorganisms, which can be found in untreated water, a germ membrane is provided in the treatment apparatus of the water according to the invention. As represented in principle in the Figure 16, the bacteria are deposited on a germ membrane 75  of this type to its outer side, that is, at the filter inlet. These bacteria are destroyed during regeneration with chloride. sodium and washed again from the drinking water filter housing. A regeneration of this type however is normally performed. Only every 4-8 weeks. Among these regenerations, bacteria in the most unfavorable case they can grow through the membrane of germs, so that the free growth of germs after The membrane would no longer be guaranteed. To prevent growth, the bacteria secreted in the germ membrane must be killed as soon as possible, and at least within 3 days. For this, a mixture of p. ex. copper and zinc shaped of so-called Redox granules in the germ membrane 75 after the filter at 78 and on the germ membrane before filter 75 in 77 in the germ membrane housing 79. During a redox type reaction is generated p. ex. an electrolytic current similar to a battery. The extremely low tension that appears in this case it causes destruction of adherent bacteria to the germ membrane 75. Bacteria therefore cannot grow more through the membrane. The destruction procedure of bacteria is reinforced by additional chemical reactions. According  has demonstrated the practice, the negative damages of water to Filter not present in this procedure. Filtered water comes out of 80 of the germ membrane casing 79.

Fig. 17 shows the device shown in figure 16 incorporated in a water treatment apparatus according to the invention. The germ membrane 75 hosts the granulate Redox with 77, 78. A pre-filter 82 is previously connected to the germ membrane 75 and a salt tank 44 with an orifice of Salt filling is associated with the latter.

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Documents cited in the description

This list of related documents by the applicant has been collected exclusively for information of the reader and is not part of the European patent document. The it has been made with the greatest diligence; the EPO without However, it assumes no responsibility for possible errors or omissions

Patent documents mentioned in the description

EP 483738 A [0001]

GB 212453 A [0005]

US 5061367 A [0003]

GB 399514 A [0006]

US 4769143 A [0004]

Claims (19)

1. Water treatment apparatus for the preparation of drinking water from tap water by elimination of harmful substances, consisting of a housing (2) with a cover (4), a jacket and a bottom (3), an intake of water (10) and an evacuation of water (11) and filter media, which are traversed by tap water to be treated in housing sections (5, 6, 6a) arranged one above the other, characterized by the fact of what

to)

the housing (2) has at least one cylindrical shape on the inner side with a constant inside diameter,

b)

the housing sections (5, 6, 6a) are made in construction modular in the form of removable and interchangeable filter cartridges for each other,

C)

to the minus two filter cartridges (5, 6, 6a) with different media Filters with the same outer diameter are provided in the housing (2) arranged on top of each other,

d)

the individual filter cartridges (5, 6, 6a) are sealed (in position 9) with respect to the filter housing (2), and

and)

he tap water to be treated is forced under pressure from below up through the filter cartridges.

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2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that some pressure compensation overflow holes (37) are provided between the filter cartridges (5, 6, 6a) and the filter housing (2). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that means (7) that prevent the germination of water germs are provided in the area between the filter cartridges (5, 6, 6a) and the housing of filter (2) in the water flow (8) overflowing. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the means (7) are salt tablets that can be applied p. ex. on the outer side of the cartridges. 5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the drinking water filter has a germ membrane (12, 28) which is arranged inside a germ membrane casing (13) fixed to the bottom of the housing. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the germ membrane (12, 28) is made in a substitutable manner. 7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the cover (4) of the filter housing (2) is removable, that the filter cartridges (5, 6, 6a) arranged on top of the others can be removed from the filter housing, and that each of the filter cartridges has a handle for removing the filter housing. 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter cartridges (5, 6, 6a) are arranged with sufficient clearance in the filter housing (2), so that a wash behind the cartridges, and which are provided with annular seals (9) between the individual filter cartridges arranged one above the other. 9. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is provided, for a device with recessed under table (64) or similar, a switching device for switching counter-current regeneration or direct current regeneration to the filtering operation, the filter housing (2) being placed upside down during the regeneration process or the connections changed. 10. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a device for the introduction under salt water pressure into the drinking water filter (1), consisting of a container (44, 45) filled with brine (46), in a weight load (48) acting on the surface of the brine, in a ventilation and air purge device (74), which rises upward from the surface of the brine to the outside of the housing, and an evacuation (49) at the lower end of the container. 11. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the individual filter cartridges (29, 30, 31) are cylinder-shaped containers each having a permeable plastic grid up and down (33). ) and are open. 12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the cartridge containers (29, 30, 31) have rubber ring seals (35) on the side walls and form an intermediate space with the wall of the housing of the apparatus (36), in which an atmospheric pressure reigns, and because the cartridges have compensation holes (37) for compensation of the pressure in the intermediate walls. 13. Apparatus according to one of claims 1-12, characterized in that bags (38) for the admission of salt tablets (39) are provided on the outer walls of the cartridges (33), and why Bags are covered by plastic grilles (40). 14. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 - 13, characterized in that the intake (42) of the apparatus is connected to a water pipe (51) with two branches of pipe (53, 54) and a switch (52 ), because one (53) of the branches houses a brine tank (50), because the evacuation (21) of the device is connected via a supplementary switch (56) either with a water tap (57) or with a evacuation (58), and because the device is optionally connected in the normal position or in the head down position to the intake pipe and the evacuation pipe. 15. Apparatus according to one of claims 1-14, characterized in that a germ membrane (75) is arranged behind the filter and a germ membrane (77, 78) is arranged in front of the filter, and because the membranes of germs contain a bactericidal material, e.g. ex. a mixture of copper and zinc in the form of Redox granules. 16. Procedure for the preparation of drinking water from tap water by elimination of harmful substances and to operate a water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tap water during the operation of the filter is guided through of superimposed filter media, housed in housing sections (5, 6, 6a), characterized in that the apparatus (1) is placed upside down during the regeneration service with respect to the filtering operation, and by means of the apparatus a container (44) filled with brine is provided, that the container is connected to the evacuation (43) of the apparatus, so that by the effect of gravity or optionally by the pump action the brine is pressed through of the apparatus placed head down and the brine is evacuated to the intake (42) (in position 21) of the apparatus placed head down. 17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that in case of a service of the apparatus under table (below the battery) the apparatus (2) is placed upside down during the regeneration service with respect to the filtering operation , the battery (64) is filled with brine, a flexible regeneration tube (66) that reaches the bottom of the battery is connected to the outlet tap, the brine is conducted through the filter by the effect of gravity ( 68) and the evacuation (69) is guided from the filter to the channel connection. 18. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that for a counter-current regeneration, the filtration apparatus (F) is placed in a battery and a brine tank (45) is installed next to it, eg. on the tabletop, a housing (47) that admits a weight load (48) is superimposed floating on the upper face of the brine volume, the brine is introduced into the evacuation (49) via a flexible pipe (71) in the filter housing (F) and is forced under pressure through the individual filter cartridges and is finally diverted up via a flexible pipe (73) to the water drainage channel. 19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the housing is arranged inside the container (45) as a float (47) and inside the container movably in height and is also sealed by rubber seals ( 73) against the vessel wall.