ES2329865B1 - SURFACE MACHINING MACHINE. - Google Patents

Abstract

Surface machining machine.

It has special application in the preparation of the surfaces of two pieces of a fiber composite material and resin, to be bonded by adhesive, establishing a perfect mutual contact between them. The activated The surface must be uniform and without attacking the piece.

It consists of a mobile frame (1) that it is movable in longitudinal guides (25-26; 27-28) solidarity of the bench (2) on which locates and immobilizes the piece (4, 6, 8) to be machined. Includes one housing (14) head container (15) tool holder that rotates inside adopting a floating arrangement to press soft and evenly the piece to be machined, advancing all along she and sticking to the geometry of its surface.

The housing (14) incorporates a nozzle (16) of connection to a dust and particle suction hose produced. In addition, said housing (14) is laterally movable to mechanize possible lateral surface extensions.

Description

Surface machining machine.

Object of the invention

The present invention, as expressed by the set forth in this specification, refers to a machine of surface machining that has special application in the surface preparation of two pieces of composite material of fiber and resin, which must be joined by gluing by an adhesive

It is an object of the invention to guarantee the uniformity of surface or surface activated machining of the pieces, in the zone of union of the same, for a range of wear of the activating agent without attacking the part.

It allows a process of preparation of the pieces with notable increase in productivity and can be of manual, semi-automatic or automatic actuation.

It is especially useful for machining surface of pieces of length much greater than the dimension in width.

Background of the invention

There are currently no machines for surface machining that follow in a simple way the surface of the workpiece, admitting its possible curvature  so that the abrasive element or surface activating agent Gently run over it without overly attacking it in areas that They had some enhancement.

Only machining machines are known such as milling machines, filing machines, etc., in which they are obtained completely flat surfaces after machining, in addition to It turns out to be very aggressive because it eliminates any highlight of said surface to be machined

Surface preparation for both polishing As for application of finishing products (paints, varnishes, etc) takes place exclusively manually using sandpaper and similar products.

Description of the invention

In general, the surface machining machine, which the invention proposes, is constituted by a frame or mobile structure that is movable in longitudinal guides provided in the machine bed, in which the workpiece is perfectly fastened, the which, as we have said before, presents a very elongated configuration with respect to its width dimension. This frame includes a housing inside which is the tool holder head that rotates by means of a conventional pneumatic or electric device, the tool adapted to this type of surface machining being connected to this head
want.

This frame moves properly guided to along the bench and the tool presses soft and constantly on the surface to be treated, because it includes a floating head that may be materialized by a sandwich structure assisted by coaxial springs about guide rods, or offer a lung structure tire with which a uniform pressure is also achieved, yielding in areas where the surface is not flat to present certain curvature, both in elevation and in descent, adapting perfectly to her.

The housing also incorporates a nozzle connection of a suction hose to absorb dust and particles produced during mechanization.

The housing is also movable transversely in the frame to be able to machine extensions surface that may exist on either side of the address basically longitudinal that presents the piece to treat.

As the pieces to be machined should not have marks or any type of signal that could affect the uniformity of its surface, as this would reduce the quality of the piece and could also deteriorate the size of the piece posture with respect to the base piece, in the application of the adhesive, the pieces are held respectively by a device vacuum that attracts the piece by absorption through a plurality of holes provided in the support areas, communicating these holes, vertical, with galleries and relevant collectors. If not the lower part of the workpiece was smooth (such as a "T" profile that should be glued by its crossbar in a base surface) the surface of the bed is formed with some modular elements like strips that can be mounted so  parallel to each other but at the distance required to accommodate the soul of this "T" profile, or other relief that the piece possesses, so that the vacuum is produced on the wings of one or the other side of the soul

If the workpiece is not completely flat but it presents a certain curvature and the depression produced by the vacuum machine was not enough to get your immobilization, overcoming its elastic resistance is expected to pad or similar bands may be sandwiched, optimizing the settlement and provided with holes for transmit the sucking action.

Other means of different fixing to the commented one, that hold the piece mechanically in areas that do not have to be mechanized, since what important is that the surface to be treated is not contaminated to Adhesive application in this case.

To allow the adaptation of the tool to a small curvature in the surface to be machined, the tool holder is attached to the housing to through a kneecap or similar that allows a slight pitch for that perfectly seats the abrasive tool or disc in particular.

So that the dust and particles formed are more effectively remove the perimeter edge of the housing includes a weatherstrip preferably formed by certain hairs length, which are applied on the surface of the bed during the forward movement of the frame along it.

To facilitate the understanding of characteristics of the invention and forming an integral part of this Descriptive report, accompanying some sheets of plans in whose figures, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature represented the following:

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1.- It is a schematic view in perspective of the surface machining machine, object of the invention.

Figure 2.- It is a longitudinal elevation view. than shown in figure 1.

Figure 3.- It is a cross section in elevation of figure 1.

Figure 4.- It is a partial view of some modular elements that are fixed to the bench and on which it supports  the workpiece, provided with connection holes to a vacuum line

Figure 5.- It is a partial elevational view of a base piece of composite material, provided with a pair of hairpieces of different sections, joined by stuck once mechanized or activated exclusively the surfaces to be stay in contact by interposing the adhesive.

Description of the preferred embodiment

Referring to the numbering adopted in The figures, we can see how the machining machine surface, which the invention proposes, is constituted by a mobile frame (1) that is linearly movable in direction longitudinal with respect to a bench (2) on which the parts to be machined, so that over certain or determined essentially longitudinal bands thereof, act the disc abrasive (3) that uniformly activates said surface for a wear range that does not attack the piece, as we have said  previously.

Figure 3 shows the mechanization of a piece (4) with a "T" section in which the  continuous or outer surface of its crossbar (5) to glue later this piece (4) on a base piece (6) (see figure 5) that also has to undergo an identical machining process in the areas that have to receive these pieces (4) or hairpieces added by gluing. In this figure 5 the adhesive has been highlighted (7) with a thick line that only occupies the zone of mutual contact of both parts (4) and (6), once they have been machined in this same contact area. It is also observed in this figure 5 another piece (8) in the form of "omega" joined in the same way to the base piece (6) by its wings (9), subjecting all surfaces in contact with the same abrasion process to optimize the glued.

Returning to figure 1, the mobile frame (1) It is light in weight and has a prismatic shape, schematically formed by four blocks (10) for anchoring the longitudinal bars (11) and transverse (12) that are locked with screws and with the controls of tightening (13).

In this mobile rack (1) it is located the housing (14) that encloses the head (15) carrying the tool that in this embodiment is materialized by the abrasive disk (3) referred to above.

The housing (14) also has an extension later with respect to the direction of advance along the bench (2), where a connection socket (16) of a suction system that eliminates dust and particles produced by machining the composite material of the pieces (4), (6) and (8).

The head (15) tool holder is attached to an extension upper (17) of the housing (14), through a ball joint (18) to allow small tool oscillations (abrasive disc 3) when the surface to be machined is not a plane parallel to that of support of the mobile frame that advances manually attacking the surface of the piece (4) in "T" (see figure 3) in one pass. The head (15) is floating so that the tool follows the  surface without attacking the piece (4, 6, 8). This is represented schematically by the sandwich shape that the tool holder and between whose parallel plates are they place springs (19) coaxial to the rods (20) in solidarity with  One of the plates. In this way the tool yields when precise, while constantly exerting slight pressure abrasive on the surface to be machined.

If desired, a device can be incorporated  head height adjustment for better adaptability to thickness of the workpiece.

The housing (14) can move laterally to one or the other side when the surface to be machined presents lateral deviations. For this, it is planned to slide in the crossbars themselves (12) on which it is supported. When the machining is linear and there are no lateral deviations, lock the housing in the desired position by means of the tighten (21) (see figure 1).

As we said before, the pieces to machining are locked on the bench (2) preferably by The vacuum action so as not to damage them. To be able to adapt to different sizes and models of parts to be machined, such as profiles in "T" (4) or in "omega" (8) referred to, the bench  (2) it has fixed modular elements (22) as strips all along the bench (2), which can be placed in the most suitable positions to get the settlement of the piece saving the projections that this one possesses in its opposite face to the of mechanization, such as the soul of the profile (4) or the body of the "omega" profile (8) since only the outside of the machine is machined the wings.

The strips or modular elements (22) have in this case holes (23) and internal galleries (24) communicated each other with collectors not represented, to communicate empty and hold the pieces by depression.

It should also be noted that the mobile frame (1) advances (in this case manually but that could be advance automatic) guided on the bench (2) using wheels (25) (see Figure 2) sliding on longitudinal rails (26), or resting on tefloned lower bands (27) (see figure 3) and sidebands (28), although other systems of guided such as sliding "air caps" in bars.

To optimize the suction of the dust produced by machining, being absorbed through the intake of connection (16) of the housing (14), the perimeter edge of the Walls of this one have attached a weatherstrip (29) that is applied the support surface, this weatherstrip being preferably of flexible vertical hairs.

Claims (4)

1. Surface machining machine, especially for the preparation of the surfaces of two pieces to be bonded by adhesive and whose material is a composite of fiber and resin, characterized in that it is constituted by a mobile frame (1) which is movable in longitudinal guides (25-26; 27-28) in solidarity with the bench (2) on which the piece (4, 6, 8) to be machined is placed and fixed, said mobile frame (1) including a housing ( 14) container holder (15) tool holder that rotates inside and that adopts a floating arrangement that gently presses the tool (3) on the surface to be machined of the piece, following in its advance along it and adapting to its geometry; it being provided that said housing (14) incorporates a nozzle (16) for connecting a dust and particle suction hose produced during machining and that said housing (14) be laterally movable to machine existing surface extensions on either side of the basically longitudinal direction of the piece (4, 6, 8) to be machined. 2. Surface machining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece (4, 6, 8) to be machined is subjected to the bed (2) by depression by a vacuum system that acts through existing holes (23) on the support surface, communicated with internal galleries (24) and collectors. 3. Surface machining machine according to claim 2, characterized in that said support surface is formed by modular elements (22) as longitudinal strips that can be distanced to a greater or lesser extent to save protruding areas of the lower surface of the piece (4, 6, 8) or opposite to mechanization, optimizing the settlement for the sucking action of immobilization. 4. Surface machining machine, according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the piece (4, 6, 8) is immobilized to the bed (2) with interposition of additional pieces as pads with holes, which optimize the settlement and transmission of the sucking effect.