ES2326416T3 - DEVICE FOR THE REHABILITATION OF ARTICULATIONS IN THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR THE REHABILITATION OF ARTICULATIONS IN THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2326416T3 ES2326416T3 ES04015024T ES04015024T ES2326416T3 ES 2326416 T3 ES2326416 T3 ES 2326416T3 ES 04015024 T ES04015024 T ES 04015024T ES 04015024 T ES04015024 T ES 04015024T ES 2326416 T3 ES2326416 T3 ES 2326416T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- rehabilitation
- joints
- connecting rods
- upper extremities
- rotation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/12—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for upper limbs or related muscles, e.g. chest, upper back or shoulder muscles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/16—Supports for anchoring force-resisters
- A63B21/169—Supports for anchoring force-resisters for anchoring on or against a wall
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
- A63B21/4001—Arrangements for attaching the exercising apparatus to the user's body, e.g. belts, shoes or gloves specially adapted therefor
- A63B21/4017—Arrangements for attaching the exercising apparatus to the user's body, e.g. belts, shoes or gloves specially adapted therefor to the upper limbs
- A63B21/4019—Arrangements for attaching the exercising apparatus to the user's body, e.g. belts, shoes or gloves specially adapted therefor to the upper limbs to the hand
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/03516—For both arms together or both legs together; Aspects related to the co-ordination between right and left side limbs of a user
- A63B23/03533—With separate means driven by each limb, i.e. performing different movements
- A63B23/03541—Moving independently from each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/012—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using frictional force-resisters
- A63B21/015—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using frictional force-resisters including rotating or oscillating elements rubbing against fixed elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/12—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for upper limbs or related muscles, e.g. chest, upper back or shoulder muscles
- A63B23/1209—Involving a bending of elbow and shoulder joints simultaneously
Abstract
Description
Dispositivo para la rehabilitación de articulaciones en las extremidades superiores.Device for the rehabilitation of joints in the upper extremities.
La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo que ha sido especialmente concebido para realizar ejercicios físicos, concretamente a nivel de las extremidades superiores de los usuarios, consiguiéndose movimientos de rotación en hombros, omóplatos, clavículas, codos y muñecas fundamentalmente en procesos de rehabilitación, aunque también es utilizable en ejercicios de prevención.The present invention relates to a device that has been specially designed to perform physical exercises, specifically at the limb level superior users, getting rotation movements on shoulders, shoulder blades, clavicles, elbows and wrists primarily in rehabilitation processes, although it is also usable in prevention exercises
El dispositivo resulta especialmente idóneo para ser utilizado en centros de rehabilitación, pero es igualmente utilizable en gimnasios o a nivel particular.The device is especially suitable for be used in rehabilitation centers, but it is also Usable in gyms or at a particular level.
Determinados problemas físicos tales como tendinitis, entre otros, tienen como consecuencia una limitación de la movilidad a nivel de ciertas articulaciones, como por ejemplo a nivel del hombro, del codo o de la muñeca, que es preciso recuperar mediante ejercicios de rehabilitación.Certain physical problems such as Tendonitis, among others, results in a limitation of mobility at the level of certain joints, such as shoulder, elbow or wrist level, which must be recovered through rehabilitation exercises.
Como también es sabido que muchos problemas articulares son como consecuencia de una cierta debilidad muscular, concretamente en los músculos que rodean a una determinada articulación.As it is also known that many problems articular are as a result of a certain muscle weakness, specifically in the muscles surrounding a certain joint.
Consecuentemente tanto para prevenir este tipo de problemas como para la rehabilitación una vez que los mismos se han producido, se llevan a cabo ejercicios físicos en centros de rehabilitación y en gimnasios, que evidentemente pueden también realizarse a nivel particular, es decir en el domicilio de cada uno y con las instrucciones adecuadas por parte de un profesional, habiéndose constatado que un movimiento planetario suministrado a las manos, dentro de un imaginario plano y con una trayectoria circunferencial, resulta especialmente idóneo para rehabilitar y prevenir problemas en cualquiera de las articulaciones citadas, es decir, hombro, omóplato, clavícula, codo o muñeca. De hecho se recomienda como terapia para estos casos, la movilidad de las extremidades superiores en ejercicios similares a los que se producen cuando se están limpiando cristales.Consequently both to prevent this type of problems as for rehabilitation once they are have produced, physical exercises are carried out in health centers rehabilitation and in gyms, which obviously can also be carried out at a particular level, that is to say at each one's home and with the proper instructions from a professional, having found that a planetary movement supplied to the hands, within an imaginary plane and with a trajectory circumferential, it is especially suitable for rehabilitating and prevent problems in any of the cited joints, it is say, shoulder, shoulder blade, clavicle, elbow or wrist. In fact it recommends as a therapy for these cases, the mobility of upper extremities in exercises similar to those they produce when crystals are being cleaned.
Se da reconocimiento al documento DE 3726825, que comprende un dispositivo de entrenamiento para fortalecer la espalda y las articulaciones de la espalda y el cuello, que comprende un tipo de camilla sobre la que el usuario debe tumbarse bocabajo, teniendo dicha camilla en sus lados asas curvas cuya posición puede regularse permitiendo al usuario realizar un ejercicio similar al de nadar.Document DE 3726825 is acknowledged, which comprises a training device to strengthen the back and the back and neck joints, which It includes a type of stretcher on which the user must lie face down, said stretcher having curved handles on its sides whose position can be regulated allowing the user to perform a similar exercise to swimming.
Aunque el movimiento anteriormente mencionado puede ser favorable para tratar problemas físicos tales como la tendinitis anteriormente mencionada, dicho dispositivo es extremadamente voluminoso, y por tanto ocupa un espacio considerable, limitando así también considerablemente sus posibilidades para un uso práctico, y además el ejercicio realizado, específicamente el tipo de movimiento, no es el más apropiado en vista del objetivo previsto de la invención, concretamente el de tratar o prevenir dolencias en las que el movimiento de los brazos debe realizarse desde una posición fija para el cuerpo con movimientos planetarios de las manos en un único plano, puesto que lo que se consigue mediante la patente alemana anteriormente mencionada es un movimiento similar al de una brazada al nadar a crol.Although the movement mentioned above It may be favorable for treating physical problems such as tendinitis mentioned above, said device is extremely bulky, and therefore occupies a space considerable, thus also considerably limiting its possibilities for practical use, and also exercise performed, specifically the type of movement, is not the most appropriate in view of the intended purpose of the invention, specifically to treat or prevent ailments in which the arm movement should be performed from a fixed position for the body with planetary movements of the hands in a single flat, since what is achieved by the German patent previously mentioned is a movement similar to that of a stroke when swimming to crol.
El dispositivo que la invención propone viene a ocupar este vacío tecnológico, constituyendo una solución sencilla y eficaz para la realización de los ejercicios anteriormente citados.The device proposed by the invention comes to occupy this technological vacuum, constituting a simple solution and effective for performing the exercises above cited.
Para ello y de forma más concreta dicho dispositivo está constituido a partir de una pareja de soportes, que en su versión más simple están destinados a fijarse a una pared o similar, pero que pueden formar parte de un aparato autónomo en el que dichos soportes se materializan en columnas que emergen de una plataforma base, que confiere a tales columnas la adecuada estabilidad, sobre todo teniendo en cuenta que sobre ella está destinado a ubicarse el usuario mientras practica el ejercicio.To do this and more specifically said device is constituted from a pair of supports, which in their simplest version they are intended to be fixed to a wall or similar, but that can be part of an autonomous device in the that said supports materialize in columns that emerge from a base platform, which gives such columns the appropriate stability, especially considering that on it is intended to locate the user while practicing the exercise.
En cualquier caso cada uno de estos soportes, alargados verticalmente y con posibilidad de regulación en cuanto a su distanciamiento mutuo, para adecuarlo a la anchura corporal del usuario, se establece una especie de guía, por ejemplo a base de una alineación de orificios asimismo vertical, de manera que tales orificios son utilizables selectivamente para la unión articulada de una biela que, en función del orificio seleccionado de la guía, adoptará una determinada altura, acorde también con la talla corporal del usuario.In any case each of these supports, elongated vertically and with the possibility of regulation in terms of their mutual distancing, to adapt it to the body width of the user, a kind of guide is established, for example based on an alignment of holes also vertical, such that holes are selectively usable for articulated joint of a connecting rod that, depending on the selected hole of the guide, will adopt a certain height, also according to the size User body
Cada una de estas bielas se remata por su extremidad libre en una especie de manopla, unida también articuladamente a la misma, manopla que puede incluir una correa para mejorar la fijación a la misma de la mano del usuario, mano que debe mantenerse extendida por cuanto que la eficacia del ejercicio es mayor en esta posición.Each of these cranks is topped by its free limb in a kind of mitten, also attached articulated to it, mitt that can include a strap to improve the fixing to it of the user's hand, hand which should be extended because the effectiveness of the Exercise is greater in this position.
De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención se ha previsto que tanto la unión articulada de cada biela al correspondiente soporte, como de la manopla a la correspondiente biela, se realice a través de rodamientos cónicos que, en función de un mayor o menor apriete axial, obligan a un mayor o menor esfuerzo en el movimiento de giro tanto de las bielas como de las manoplas, para intensificar o no el ejercicio a realizar.According to another of the characteristics of the invention is provided that both the articulated joint of each connecting rod to the corresponding support, as from the mitt to the corresponding connecting rod, be made through tapered bearings which, depending on a greater or lesser axial tightening, forces a greater or lesser effort in the turning movement of both the connecting rods like mittens, to intensify or not the exercise to perform.
Se ha previsto también la posibilidad, especialmente cuando se trata de un dispositivo autónomo, de que los ejes de basculación de las bielas se rematen por su extremidad posterior, es decir tras los soportes o columnas de sustentación, en sendos piñones, de manera que con el concurso de una manivela y una cadena de transmisión, es el terapeuta el que suministra el movimiento a las extremidades superiores del paciente, solidarizadas a las manoplas mediante las correspondientes correas, con la velocidad que el terapeuta estime conveniente.The possibility is also planned, especially when it comes to an autonomous device, that tilting shafts of the cranks are topped by its limb later, that is, behind the supports or support columns, in two sprockets, so that with the contest of a crank and a chain of transmission, it is the therapist who supplies the movement to the upper extremities of the patient, in solidarity to the mittens by means of the corresponding straps, with the speed that the therapist deems convenient.
Cada biela incorporará además una alineación longitudinal de orificios para utilización selectiva en el acoplamiento de la correspondiente manopla, en orden a regular también a voluntad el movimiento planetario de esta última, mediante un mayor o menor distanciamiento con respecto al eje de basculación de la biela sobre el soporte, es decir, con una mayor o menor longitud efectiva de la biela.Each connecting rod will also incorporate an alignment longitudinal holes for selective use in the coupling of the corresponding mitt, in order to regulate also at will the planetary movement of the latter, by a greater or lesser distance from the axis of tilting the connecting rod on the support, that is, with a greater or shorter effective crank length.
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings where with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una vista en alzado frontal de un dispositivo para rehabilitación de articulaciones en las extremidades superiores, realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención y de acuerdo con la variante de realización del mismo en la que éste se fija a una pared.Figure 1.- Shows an elevation view front of a device for joint rehabilitation in the upper limbs, performed in accordance with the object of the present invention and according to the variant embodiment of the same in which it is fixed to a wall.
La figura 2.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral del dispositivo de la figura anterior.Figure 2.- Shows an elevation view side of the device of the previous figure.
La figura 3.- Muestra una vista en planta del mismo dispositivo.Figure 3.- Shows a plan view of the same device.
La figura 4.- Muestra, finalmente y según una representación esquemática en perspectiva, el soporte del dispositivo cuando se trata de un aparato autónomo que no requiere de una pared para su fijación.Figure 4.- Shows, finally and according to a schematic representation in perspective, the support of device when it is an autonomous device that does not require of a wall for fixing.
A la vista de las figuras descritas puede observarse como el dispositivo que la invención propone está constituido a partir de dos soportes verticales que, de acuerdo con la variante de realización mostrada en las figuras 1 a 3, se materializan en sendos perfiles (1) de sección aproximadamente en "Z", de manera que a través de una de sus ramas, la correspondiente a la propia referencia (1) y con la colaboración de orificios (2), se realiza su fijación a la pared por atornillamiento, mientras que su otra rama (3) está ocupada por una alineación longitudinal de orificios (4) y queda sensiblemente distanciada de la pared (5) en orden a permitir las manipulaciones necesarias para fijar y cambiar de posición al eje (6) de giro para una biela (7), de la que se hablará más adelante.In view of the described figures you can Observe how the device proposed by the invention is constituted from two vertical supports that, according to The variant embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, is they materialize in two profiles (1) of section approximately in "Z", so that through one of its branches, the corresponding to the reference itself (1) and with the collaboration of holes (2), it is fixed to the wall by screwing, while its other branch (3) is occupied by a longitudinal alignment of holes (4) and is noticeably distanced from the wall (5) in order to allow manipulations necessary to fix and change position to the axis (6) of rotation to a connecting rod (7), which will be discussed later.
El dispositivo puede ser no obstante autónomo, es decir no necesitar de la pared (5) para su fijación, en cuyo caso los soportes (1) se materializan en columnas (1'), que se extienden hasta el suelo, como se observa en la figura 4, concretamente que se fijan, con posibilidad de regulación para su distanciamiento, sobre una plataforma (8) que confiere a las columnas (1') la adecuada estabilidad, sobre todo durante el ejercicio, en el que el usuario se sitúa de pie sobre dicha plataforma (8), cargándola con su peso corporal, contando estas columnas (1') con sendas alineaciones longitudinales de orificios (4) con la misma finalidad de regular el nivel en altura para las bielas (7).The device can however be autonomous, that is to say, it does not need the wall (5) for its fixation, in which case the supports (1) are materialized in columns (1 '), which extend to the ground, as seen in figure 4, specifically that they are fixed, with the possibility of regulation for their distancing, on a platform (8) that confers on columns (1 ') adequate stability, especially during the exercise, in which the user stands on said platform (8), loading it with your body weight, counting these columns (1 ') with two longitudinal holes alignments (4) with the same purpose of regulating the height level for connecting rods (7).
Estas bielas (7), en su extremo opuesto al eje (6) de articulación con respecto a los soportes (1-1'), incorporan a su vez una alineación de orificios (9) que permiten el acoplamiento selectivo para el eje (10) de sendas manoplas (11), preferentemente provistas de correas (12) para fijación de la mano que se adapta perfectamente extendida a las manoplas (11).These connecting rods (7), at their opposite end to the axis (6) of articulation with respect to the supports (1-1 '), in turn incorporate an alignment of holes (9) that allow selective coupling for the shaft (10) of mittens (11), preferably provided with straps (12) for hand fixation that fits perfectly extended to the mittens (11).
Cada biela (7) gira sobre su eje (6) con interposición de un rodamiento cónico, de manera que en función de un mayor o menor apriete de dicho rodamiento se consigue que el giro de cada biela (7) requiera de un mayor o menor esfuerzo físico, y lo mismo sucede con el eje (10) de giro de cada manopla (11) con respecto a la correspondiente biela (7).Each connecting rod (7) rotates on its axis (6) with interposition of a tapered bearing, so that depending on a greater or lesser tightening of said bearing is achieved that the rotation of each connecting rod (7) requires more or less physical effort, and the same happens with the axis (10) of rotation of each mitt (11) with with respect to the corresponding connecting rod (7).
El desfase frontal de la rama (3) de los soportes (1) con respecto a la pared (5) permite las necesarias manipulaciones sobre la cara posterior de dicha rama para efectuar la fijación de los ejes (6), como se observa especialmente en la figura 3, mientras que cuando se utiliza un soporte autónomo como el de la figura 4 no existe problema alguno para manipular los tornillos de fijación de los ejes (6) sobre la cara posterior de las columnas (1'), pudiéndose en este caso, como ya se ha dicho con anterioridad, rematarse dichos ejes (6) por la cara posterior del soporte en sendos piñones que, con la colaboración de un tercer piñón, una cadena y una manivela, no representados en la citada figura 4, permitan al fisioterapeuta suministrar un movimiento a dicha manivela, y a través de las bielas (7) a las manoplas (11), para ser él quien movilice, con la velocidad que sea conveniente, los brazos del paciente.The frontal offset of the branch (3) of the supports (1) with respect to the wall (5) allows the necessary manipulations on the back face of said branch to effect the fixing of the shafts (6), as observed especially in the Figure 3, while when using a stand-alone stand like the of figure 4 there is no problem to manipulate the axle fixing screws (6) on the back of the columns (1 '), being able in this case, as already stated with beforehand, finish off said axes (6) by the rear face of the support in two sprockets that, with the collaboration of a third pinion, a chain and a crank, not represented in the cited Figure 4, allow the physiotherapist to provide a movement to said crank, and through the connecting rods (7) to the mittens (11), to be the one who mobilizes, with the speed that is convenient, The patient's arms.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES200301564U | 2003-06-27 | ||
ES200301564U ES1055142Y (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2003-06-27 | DEVICE FOR REHABILITATION OF ARTICULATIONS IN THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2326416T3 true ES2326416T3 (en) | 2009-10-09 |
Family
ID=29724804
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES200301564U Expired - Fee Related ES1055142Y (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2003-06-27 | DEVICE FOR REHABILITATION OF ARTICULATIONS IN THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. |
ES04015024T Active ES2326416T3 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2004-06-25 | DEVICE FOR THE REHABILITATION OF ARTICULATIONS IN THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES200301564U Expired - Fee Related ES1055142Y (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2003-06-27 | DEVICE FOR REHABILITATION OF ARTICULATIONS IN THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1491237B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE429961T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004020835D1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES1055142Y (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2937532B1 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2012-01-20 | Lpg Finance Ind | DEVICE FOR BODILY MOBILIZATION AND USE OF SUCH A DEVICE |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3726825A1 (en) * | 1987-08-12 | 1989-02-23 | Irene Porstner | Training apparatus |
US4858912A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1989-08-22 | Boyd Billy E | Arm exercising apparatus |
US5080350A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-01-14 | Schofield James M | Rehabilitation and/or exercise machine |
US5062633A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1991-11-05 | Nordictrack, Inc. | Body-building exercise apparatus |
WO1994001180A2 (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1994-01-20 | Davies Ronald C | Arm exercising device and method |
US6976940B2 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2005-12-20 | Kenneth George Schneider | Complete body fitness machine |
-
2003
- 2003-06-27 ES ES200301564U patent/ES1055142Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-06-25 AT AT04015024T patent/ATE429961T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-06-25 ES ES04015024T patent/ES2326416T3/en active Active
- 2004-06-25 EP EP04015024A patent/EP1491237B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-06-25 DE DE602004020835T patent/DE602004020835D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE429961T1 (en) | 2009-05-15 |
EP1491237A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
EP1491237B1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
ES1055142Y (en) | 2004-02-01 |
ES1055142U (en) | 2003-10-16 |
DE602004020835D1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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