ES2223299B1 - BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION. - Google Patents
BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION.Info
- Publication number
- ES2223299B1 ES2223299B1 ES200301958A ES200301958A ES2223299B1 ES 2223299 B1 ES2223299 B1 ES 2223299B1 ES 200301958 A ES200301958 A ES 200301958A ES 200301958 A ES200301958 A ES 200301958A ES 2223299 B1 ES2223299 B1 ES 2223299B1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- block
- mixture
- blocks
- grooves
- aggregates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/20—Waste materials; Refuse organic from macromolecular compounds
- C04B18/22—Rubber, e.g. ground waste tires
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Bloque para la construcción. El bloque (1) consiste en una mezcla de cemento, áridos de bajo calibre y residuos de material elastomérico, preferentemente neumáticos de desechos debidamente triturados, que participan en la mezcla con un porcentaje comprendido entre el 5 y el 30% para mejorar el coeficiente de amortiguación acústica del cerramiento. Además el cuerpo (1) del bloque incorpora acanaladuras (3-3''), horizontales y/o verticales, que afectan al menos a una de sus caras mayores, que en el montaje entre bloques para la obtención de una pared determinan una estructura reticular de ranuras o canales intercomunicados, que actúan a modo de rozas permitiendo la implantación de instalaciones eléctricas o de otro tipo, que quedan posteriormente inmersas en la masa de mortero que rellena dichas acanaladura (3-3'') y que recubre además la cara frontal de los bloques, constituyendo la superficie vista de la pared.Building block The block (1) consists of a mixture of cement, low-caliber aggregates and elastomeric material residues, preferably properly crushed waste tires, that participate in the mixture with a percentage between 5 and 30% to improve the coefficient of acoustic damping of the enclosure. In addition, the body (1) of the block incorporates grooves (3-3 ''), horizontal and / or vertical, that affect at least one of its major faces, which in the assembly between blocks to obtain a wall determine a structure reticular of grooves or intercommunicated channels, which act as rubs allowing the implantation of electrical or other installations, which are subsequently immersed in the mortar mass that fills said groove (3-3 '') and also covers the face front of the blocks, constituting the surface seen from the wall.
Description
Bloque para la construcción.Building block
La presente invención se refiere a un bloque para la construcción, es decir a un bloque de los utilizados para la conformación de muros, paredes, tabiques y similares, del tipo de los obtenidos mediante moldeo y de los que están destinados a formar hiladas superpuestas, con una distribución a junta trabada o corrida para dichos bloques.The present invention relates to a block for the construction, that is to say a block of those used for the conformation of walls, walls, partitions and the like, of the type of those obtained by molding and those intended for form overlapping courses, with a locked joint distribution or run for these blocks.
El objeto de la invención es conseguir un bloque que, a las clásicas prestaciones como elemento de cerramiento, incorpore el preestablecimiento de acanaladuras utilizables opcional y selectivamente para la implantación de conducciones/instalaciones, tanto eléctricas como de cualquier otro tipo, y todo ello acompañado de un sustancial incremento en el coeficiente de aislamiento acústico ofrecido por dicho bloque.The object of the invention is to achieve a block that, to the classic performance as an enclosure element, incorporate the presetting of usable grooves optionally and selectively for the implementation of conduits / installations, both electric and any other type, and all accompanied by a substantial increase in the sound insulation coefficient offered by said block.
El bloque resulta especialmente idóneo para ser utilizado en todo tipo de paredes con recepción de instalaciones, y en especial para paredes con necesidad de amortiguación acústica, como por ejemplo las divisorias de viviendas, cajas de ascensor, etc.The block is especially suitable for being used on all types of walls with reception facilities, and especially for walls that need acoustic damping, such as housing divisions, elevator boxes, etc.
Son conocidos bloques para la construcción a base de áridos debidamente seleccionados y cemento, configurando elementos o piezas prismático-rectangulares, generalmente de longitud doble que su altura, para permitir la citada disposición al tresbolillo de las piezas integrantes de una pared.Building blocks are known based of properly selected aggregates and cement, configuring prismatic-rectangular elements or parts, generally twice as long as its height, to allow cited provision to the tresbolillo of the integral parts of a wall.
A partir de esta estructuración básica son conocidos bloques a base de áridos y cemento, obtenidos en un procedimiento de moldeo mediante prensado del hormigón, bloques cuyo coeficiente de amortiguación acústica no pasa de ser el normal.From this basic structuring are known aggregate and cement based blocks, obtained in a molding process by pressing concrete, blocks whose acoustic damping coefficient does not exceed the normal.
Por otro lado son conocidos ladrillos acústicos de cerámica o bloques de hormigón liso configurados para esta función, pero sin embargo tanto unos como otros presentan como problema fundamental el hecho de que, para la implantación sobre el muro a obtener de cualquier instalación, se requiere de la elaboración de rozas, en un proceso manual lento y complicado, de difícil control en cuanto a dirección, profundidad y anchura, que merman de una manera drástica la capacidad de aislamiento acústico e incluso en ocasiones la resistencia a la compresión.On the other hand, acoustic bricks are known ceramic or smooth concrete blocks configured for this function, but nonetheless both present and fundamental problem the fact that, for the implementation on the wall to obtain from any installation, the development of rubs, in a slow and complicated manual process, of difficult control in terms of direction, depth and width, which the sound insulation capacity drastically decreases and even sometimes compressive strength.
El bloque que la invención propone resuelve de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta, en los dos aspectos comentados.The block proposed by the invention resolves the problem was fully satisfactory before exposed, in the two aspects commented.
Para ello, de forma más concreta y de acuerdo con una de las características de la invención, a partir de la clásica configuración prismático-rectangular, el bloque que se preconiza centra sus características en el hecho de que al menos en una de sus caras incorpora acanaladuras, que bien por sí mismas o bien en la unión entre bloques, determinan una pluralidad de rozas "prefabricadas" utilizables selectivamente cuando sea necesario, y consecuentemente de dimensiones adecuadas para permitir la implantación en su seno de aquellas canalizaciones que se requieran.To do this, more specifically and in accordance with one of the characteristics of the invention, from the classic prismatic-rectangular configuration, the block that it is recommended to focus its characteristics on the fact that at least in one of its faces it incorporates grooves, which well by themselves or in the union between blocks, they determine a plurality of "prefabricated" rods selectively usable when necessary, and consequently of adequate dimensions for allow the implantation within those channels that are required.
De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención en el bloque participan, además de cemento y áridos de bajo calibre, un triturado de residuos de caucho, preferentemente de neumáticos de desecho, que participa en el hormigón en una proporción comprendida entre 5 y el 30%, generando una rotura de longitud de onda que propicia el incremento de la amortiguación acústica del bloque y, en consecuencia, del cerramiento obtenido con el mismo.According to another of the characteristics of the invention in the block involved, in addition to cement and aggregates of low caliber, crushed rubber waste, preferably of waste tires, which participates in concrete in a proportion between 5 and 30%, generating a breakage of wavelength that leads to increased damping acoustics of the block and, consequently, of the enclosure obtained with the same.
Dado que la incorporación de este triturado de residuos elastoméricos trae consigo una merma en la cohesión del bloque, se ha previsto que esto se compense con la adición de filamentos de fibra de vidrio o de polipropileno, en porcentajes acordes para cada composición del hormigón, es decir para cada porcentaje de tales residuos elastoméricos.Since the incorporation of this crushed elastomeric waste brings a reduction in the cohesion of block, this is expected to be compensated with the addition of fiberglass or polypropylene filaments, in percentages chords for each concrete composition, that is for each percentage of such elastomeric residues.
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:
La figura 1.- Muestra, según una vista en perspectiva, un bloque para la construcción realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención.Figure 1.- Shows, according to a view in perspective, a building block made according for the purpose of the present invention.
La figura 2.- Muestra, también según una vista en perspectiva, un detalle parcial de una pared realizada con bloques como el de la figura anterior.Figure 2.- Shows, also according to a view in perspective, a partial detail of a wall made with blocks like the one in the previous figure.
A la vista de las figuras reseñadas puede observarse como el bloque que la invención propone, como cualquier bloque convencional de este tipo, está constituido a partir de un cuerpo esencialmente prismático-rectangular (1), de anchura variable y de longitud doble que su altura, para permitir la distribución al tresbolillo con otros bloques mostrada en la figura 2, que preferentemente como también es convencional estará hueco y abierto por la que ha de ser su cara inferior, contando en su base superior con un rehundido (2) de escasa profundidad y considerable amplitud destinado a recibir el mortero de fijación entre bloques, para mejorar las condiciones de dicha fijación, pero con la especial particularidad de que en al menos una de las caras del citado cuerpo (1) se establecen profundas acanaladuras (3), preferentemente de sección en media caña y dimensionalmente adecuadas para permitir la implantación de tuberías o conducciones pertenecientes a instalaciones que habitualmente se empotran en las paredes, como por ejemplo de distribución eléctrica, de agua sanitaria, etc.In view of the figures outlined you can be observed as the block that the invention proposes, like any conventional block of this type, is constituted from a essentially prismatic-rectangular body (1), of variable width and double length than its height, to allow the distribution to the tresbolillo with other blocks shown in the Figure 2, which preferably as well as conventional will be hollow and open by what must be its lower face, counting on its upper base with a recess (2) of shallow depth and considerable amplitude destined to receive the fixing mortar between blocks, to improve the conditions of said fixation, but with the special feature that at least one of the faces of the aforementioned body (1) deep grooves (3) are established, preferably of section in half cane and dimensionally suitable to allow the implantation of pipes or pipes belonging to facilities that are usually embedded in the walls, such as water distribution, for example sanitary, etc.
Estas acanaladuras (3) en media caña se situarán preferentemente en correspondencia con la línea media de la cara o caras frontales del bloque, tal como muestra la figura 1, pudiendo no obstante situarse en correspondencia con sus bordes tanto horizontales como verticales de dichas caras, en cuyo caso las acanaladuras (3') son de sección mitad que la de la acanaladura (3), ya que están destinadas a complementarse con las de bloques adyacentes, es decir que dos acanaladuras (3') correspondientes a los bloques adyacentes van a dar lugar a una acanaladura combinada de sección coincidente con la de la acanaladura (3) establecida en la zona media de un bloque, y unas y otras perfectamente comunicadas, como se desprende de la observación de la figura 2, definiendo una estructura reticular donde cualquier tipo de conducción puede describir cualquier trayectoria, a base de tramos horizontales y verticales debidamente intercomunicados.These grooves (3) in half cane will be placed preferably in correspondence with the midline of the face or front faces of the block, as shown in figure 1, being able to nevertheless being in correspondence with its edges both horizontal as vertical of said faces, in which case the grooves (3 ') are of half section than that of the groove (3), since they are intended to complement those of blocks adjacent, that is to say two grooves (3 ') corresponding to adjacent blocks will lead to a combined groove of section coinciding with that of the groove (3) established in the middle zone of a block, and perfectly communicated, as can be seen from the observation in figure 2, defining a reticular structure where any type of driving can describe any trajectory, based on sections horizontal and vertical duly intercommunicated.
Por lo demás y como anteriormente se ha dicho, en la composición del cuerpo (1) del bloque participarán, además de cemento y los áridos de bajo calibre, residuos elastoméricos triturados, como por ejemplo residuos de neumáticos de desecho, en porcentajes comprendidos entre el 5 y el 30%, compensándose la disminución en la cohesión del bloque que supone la incorporación al mismo del triturado de residuos elastoméricos, con la incorporación de filamentos de fibra de vidrio o de polipropileno, en proporciones adecuadas para que se produzca tal compensación, proporciones que obviamente son variables en función de los porcentajes de residuo elastomérico que participan en la masa constitutiva del bloque (1).For the rest and as previously stated, in the composition of the body (1) of the block will participate, in addition to cement and low-caliber aggregates, elastomeric waste crushed, such as waste tire waste, in percentages between 5 and 30%, offsetting the decrease in the cohesion of the block that incorporates into the same of the crushed of elastomeric waste, with the incorporation of fiberglass or polypropylene filaments, in adequate proportions for such compensation to occur, proportions that are obviously variable depending on the percentages of elastomeric residue that participate in the mass constitutive of the block (1).
Se consigue de esta manera un bloque con una elevada amortiguación acústica, tanto por la masa en sí como por la rotura de onda que provocan los aditivos del aglomerado especial, con una gran resistencia a la compresión, con un formato calibrado homogéneo con planeidad que facilita la perfección de las fábricas, con una perfecta continuidad en las acanaladuras o ranuras para implantación de las instalaciones, por ejemplo cada 20 cm tanto en horizontal como en vertical, eliminándose los puentes acústicos por rozas o perforaciones, y todo ello con una reducción de volumen por mortero de cemento, concretamente debido a una compensación de volumen de revestimiento por la necesidad de espesor mínimo en superficie que supone el relleno de las acanaladuras (3-3') citadas.In this way a block with a high acoustic damping, both for the mass itself and for the wave breakage caused by special agglomerate additives, With great compressive strength, with a calibrated format homogeneous with flatness that facilitates the perfection of factories, with perfect continuity in grooves or grooves for installation of facilities, for example every 20 cm both in horizontal as in vertical, eliminating acoustic bridges by rubbing or perforations, and all this with a reduction in volume by cement mortar, specifically due to compensation of coating volume due to the need for minimum thickness in surface that involves the filling of the grooves (3-3 ') cited.
A partir de esta estructuración básica y como ya se ha apuntado con anterioridad, es factible que las acanaladuras (3-3') puedan tener diferentes dimensiones tanto en anchura como en profundidad en función de la aplicación específica prevista para los bloques en cada caso y en función del propio espesor del bloque, pudiendo dichas acanaladuras adoptar disposiciones verticales y horizontales, en una o en ambas caras, exclusivamente disposiciones verticales o exclusivamente disposiciones horizontales, también tanto en uno como en otro caso en una o en las dos caras, según las necesidades específicas de cada supuesto práctico.From this basic structuring and as already It has been previously noted, it is feasible that the grooves (3-3 ') can have different dimensions both in width as in depth depending on the specific application provided for the blocks in each case and depending on the own block thickness, said grooves being able to adopt vertical and horizontal arrangements, on one or both sides, exclusively vertical arrangements or exclusively horizontal arrangements, also in both one and another case on one or both sides, depending on the specific needs of Every practical assumption.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200301958A ES2223299B1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2003-08-13 | BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200301958A ES2223299B1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2003-08-13 | BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2223299A1 ES2223299A1 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| ES2223299B1 true ES2223299B1 (en) | 2006-04-16 |
Family
ID=34354842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200301958A Expired - Fee Related ES2223299B1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2003-08-13 | BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2223299B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2302409B2 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2009-03-16 | Francisco Serrano Rubio | BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES251315Y (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1981-03-16 | NEW BLOCK FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS | |
| US5391226A (en) * | 1992-04-23 | 1995-02-21 | Tiremix Corporation | Rubber-crumb-reinforced cement concrete |
| US5507127A (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 1996-04-16 | Gates; Raymond H. | Ecologicial building block including shredded, baled tires |
| GB2365859B (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-09-04 | Earth Link Technology Entpr Lt | Cementitious construction materials containing rubber |
-
2003
- 2003-08-13 ES ES200301958A patent/ES2223299B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| KHATIB, Z.K. et al. Rubberized portland cement concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 1999, Vol. 11, Nº 3, páginas 206-213, todo el documento. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2223299A1 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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