ES2147459T3 - Embrague automatico. - Google Patents

Embrague automatico.

Info

Publication number
ES2147459T3
ES2147459T3 ES97944732T ES97944732T ES2147459T3 ES 2147459 T3 ES2147459 T3 ES 2147459T3 ES 97944732 T ES97944732 T ES 97944732T ES 97944732 T ES97944732 T ES 97944732T ES 2147459 T3 ES2147459 T3 ES 2147459T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
clutch
automatic clutch
rotation speed
output side
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES97944732T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Kosik
Thomas Grass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2147459T3 publication Critical patent/ES2147459T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/04Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
    • C08G65/06Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
    • C08G65/14Unsaturated oxiranes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00External control of clutches
    • F16D48/06Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • F16D48/066Control of fluid pressure, e.g. using an accumulator
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F34/00Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a heterocyclic ring
    • C08F34/02Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a heterocyclic ring in a ring containing oxygen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/20Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
    • C08G59/22Di-epoxy compounds
    • C08G59/24Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/04Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
    • C08G65/06Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
    • C08G65/16Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02Clutches
    • B60W2510/0241Clutch slip, i.e. difference between input and output speeds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C08L2666/14Macromolecular compounds according to C08L59/00 - C08L87/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08L2666/18Polyesters or polycarbonates according to C08L67/00 - C08L69/00; Derivatives thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/104Clutch
    • F16D2500/10406Clutch position
    • F16D2500/10412Transmission line of a vehicle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/108Gear
    • F16D2500/1081Actuation type
    • F16D2500/1082Manual transmission
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/304Signal inputs from the clutch
    • F16D2500/30406Clutch slip
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/304Signal inputs from the clutch
    • F16D2500/3041Signal inputs from the clutch from the input shaft
    • F16D2500/30415Speed of the input shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/304Signal inputs from the clutch
    • F16D2500/3042Signal inputs from the clutch from the output shaft
    • F16D2500/30426Speed of the output shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/308Signal inputs from the transmission
    • F16D2500/30806Engaged transmission ratio
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/31Signal inputs from the vehicle
    • F16D2500/3101Detection of a brake actuation by a sensor on the brake
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/51Relating safety
    • F16D2500/5108Failure diagnosis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/51Relating safety
    • F16D2500/5108Failure diagnosis
    • F16D2500/5112Using signals from redundant sensors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/51Relating safety
    • F16D2500/5114Failsafe
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/70Details about the implementation of the control system
    • F16D2500/704Output parameters from the control unit; Target parameters to be controlled
    • F16D2500/70402Actuator parameters
    • F16D2500/7041Position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/12Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures
    • F16H2061/1256Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected
    • F16H2061/1284Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected the failing part is a sensor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S477/00Interrelated power delivery controls, including engine control
    • Y10S477/906Means detecting or ameliorating the effects of malfunction or potential malfunction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19219Interchangeably locked
    • Y10T74/19251Control mechanism

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

LA INVENCION SE REFIERE A UN EMBRAGUE AUTOMATICO (2) ENTRE EL MOTOR (1) DE UN VEHICULO DE MOTOR Y EL TREN DE TRANSMISION, CON UN CAMBIO ACCIONADO MANUALMENTE (3) DISPUESTO EN EL LADO DE SALIDA DEL EMBRAGUE. LAS DIFERENCIAS EN LA VELOCIDAD DE ROTACION ENTRE LA ENTRADA Y SALIDA DEL EMBRAGUE, DETECTADAS POR TECNOLOGIA DE SENSORES, SE TIENEN EN CUENTA CUANDO SE CONECTA EL EMBRAGUE (2). SI FALLAN LAS SEÑALES PROCEDENTES DE LOS ELEMENTOS DE DETECCION DE LA VELOCIDAD DE ROTACION EN EL LADO DE SALIDA, LAS SEÑALES DE SUSTITUCION SE CALCULAN A PARTIR DE OTROS PARAMETROS.
ES97944732T 1996-09-25 1997-09-18 Embrague automatico. Expired - Lifetime ES2147459T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19639294 1996-09-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2147459T3 true ES2147459T3 (es) 2000-09-01

Family

ID=7806795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES97944732T Expired - Lifetime ES2147459T3 (es) 1996-09-25 1997-09-18 Embrague automatico.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6058792A (es)
EP (1) EP0928379B1 (es)
KR (1) KR970021130A (es)
BR (1) BR9713227A (es)
DE (1) DE59701670D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2147459T3 (es)
WO (1) WO1998013620A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19823762A1 (de) * 1997-06-13 1998-12-17 Luk Getriebe Systeme Gmbh Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Kupplung und/oder eines automatisierten Getriebes
DE10248843B4 (de) * 2002-10-19 2005-01-20 Daimlerchrysler Ag Vorrichtung zum Steuern eines Motors oder Getriebes
DE102006052102A1 (de) * 2006-11-04 2008-05-08 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftfahrzeugs
JP4496201B2 (ja) * 2006-11-27 2010-07-07 いすゞ自動車株式会社 車両用動力伝達装置の変速時制御装置
US8515630B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2013-08-20 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Method for determining the output rotational speed of a manual transmission
US8412428B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2013-04-02 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. System for and method of detecting clutch engagement of a manual transmission
JP2019183896A (ja) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両用動力伝達装置の制御装置
JP6843095B2 (ja) * 2018-07-04 2021-03-17 本田技研工業株式会社 車両用制御装置

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2833961A1 (de) 1978-08-03 1980-02-21 Volkswagenwerk Ag Einrichtung zur automatischen betaetigung einer kraftfahrzeugkupplung
US4849899A (en) * 1986-04-07 1989-07-18 Eaton Corporation Method for controlling AMT system including speed sensor signal fault detection and tolerance
JPH0689796B2 (ja) * 1986-04-30 1994-11-14 富士重工業株式会社 車両用自動クラツチの制御装置
US5091854A (en) * 1988-05-26 1992-02-25 Mazda Motor Corporation Control systems for vehicle engines coupled with automatic transmissions
DE4012595C2 (de) 1990-04-20 1999-12-02 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Anordnung zur Betätigung einer Kraftfahrzeug-Reibungskupplung
JPH0446266A (ja) * 1990-06-14 1992-02-17 Zexel Corp 車輛用変速機の制御方法
DE4237983C2 (de) * 1992-11-11 1998-04-23 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Anordnung zur automatischen Steuerung einer von einem Stellantrieb betätigbaren Reibungskupplung
DE4411938A1 (de) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-12 Porsche Ag Steuereinrichtung und Steuerverfahren für ein stufenloses Getriebe
DE19709417A1 (de) * 1996-03-14 1997-10-30 Luk Getriebe Systeme Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines Drehmomentübertragungssystems und eines Getriebes, sowie ein Verfahren hierfür
NO980709L (no) * 1997-02-27 1998-08-28 Luk Getriebe Systeme Gmbh Motorvogn
DE19815260B4 (de) * 1997-04-26 2006-03-02 Luk Gs Verwaltungs Kg Kraftfahrzeug
JP3041593B2 (ja) * 1997-08-28 2000-05-15 本田技研工業株式会社 車両用油圧作動式変速機の制御装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR970021130A (ko) 1997-05-28
DE59701670D1 (de) 2000-06-15
WO1998013620A1 (de) 1998-04-02
EP0928379B1 (de) 2000-05-10
EP0928379A1 (de) 1999-07-14
US6058792A (en) 2000-05-09
BR9713227A (pt) 2000-04-04

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