ES1243309U - REGULABLE BOX FORMER MACHINE FROM FLAT PLATES OF LAMINARY MATERIAL (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine (100) box forming machine adjustable from sheets of sheet material, comprising: a chassis (1); a male (10) movably guided according to the vertical direction by means of a male drive (2) supported in use to the chassis (1), comprising a central core (12) attached to the male drive (2), four terminal angles (11), each with a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, distributed around the central core (12) with its vertical portions corresponding to the corners of the box to be formed; a mold (20) supported in use to the chassis (1), comprising - two mutually facing guide bridges (23) supporting two corner assemblies (21) each; - four corner assemblies (21), facing in pairs, and located in correspondence with corners of the box to be formed; - a first mold regulating device (24, 25) that regulates the position between pairs of corner assemblies (21) mounted on each guide bridge (23) along them; - a second mold regulating device (27, 28) that regulates the position between the two guide bridges (23) in a direction perpendicular thereto; and - a rectangular molding cavity (22) around which the corner assemblies (21) are located, which has a complementary shape to the bottom of the box to be formed, where the male (10) is insertable to push down an iron initially located between said male (10) and said mold (20), and thus bending and joining parts of said plate with others to form a box; wherein each corner set (21) comprises: - a main support (29, 30) where its guide bridge (23) is supported; - a first and second bending plates (34, 51) with respective vertical portions that form a square and delimit the corner of the molding cavity (22) and with respective curved and/or inclined upper portions; - a column bender (60) with an actuator (63) configured to move a vertical rotation shaft (64) or with a vertical inclination that moves a thrust member (65) between an initial position adjacent to the cavity molding (22) and an end position towards the inside of the corner of the molding cavity (22); - a third bender (35) with a bender member, the third bender (35) being supported on a horizontal bar (47) and parallel to the guide bridges (23), which is joined in solidarity with the main support (29, 30), and said third bender (35) being positioned adjacent to the corner of the molding cavity (22) and between the first and second bender (34, 51); - a fifth regulation device (44, 45, 46) configured to position the third bender (35) in a desired horizontal position along the horizontal bar (47); and - in each corner assembly (21) the bending member of the third bender (35) is positioned in a vertical position level or elevated with respect to the upper curved and/or inclined portions of the first and second bending plates (34, 51) for start bending the corner flaps of the iron before folding its side panels so that these flaps are inside; characterized in that in each corner set (21): The bender member of the third bender (35) is a passive bender member (36, 37, 38) provided with: - an upper portion with a complex surface (36) that includes curved and/or inclined upper portions; - a flat vertical front face (38) joined next to the complex surface (36), said complex surface (36) and said front vertical face (38) being joined by a bending edge (38a); and - a flat vertical side face (37) perpendicular to the vertical face (38); and The third bender (35) includes a sixth regulating device (39, 40) regulates the position or one end of the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) in the direction perpendicular to the guide bridges (23). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

ADJUSTABLE BOX FORMING MACHINE FROM PLATES

LAMINAR MATERIAL FLATS

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention is related to a box-forming machine adjustable from flat sheets of sheet material.

Throughout this description, the term "sheet material" is used to designate corrugated cardboard sheet, corrugated plastic sheet, compact cardboard sheet, compact plastic sheet, and the like, having weakened lines practiced to facilitate their formation. boxed by bending of these weakened lines.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED

Throughout this description, a "column" type plate and box corresponds to a sheet of sheet material that comprises a rectangular base delimited by four weakened lines, a side panel attached to each weakened line, and four corner flaps that arise from both. ends of two opposite side panels. In the plate, each corner flap comprises a series of weakened second lines that delimit consecutive flap portions. The box obtained with this plate has the side panels perpendicular or slightly inclined to the base, and the four corner flaps form four respective prismatic-triangular reinforcing columns inside each corner of the box, where one side panel is squared from another side panel.

Documents ES2678670B1, ES2385796B1 and ES1179010U disclose box forming machines of the column type or format, and plates and boxes of this type.

Document ES2385796B1 discloses a box-forming machine of the type comprising a male that descends vertically and pushes a plate down into a cavity of a mold delimited by four corner assemblies, mounted facing each other two, and with adjustable separation in a direction of length and width corresponding to the rectangular bottom of the box to be formed. The male is equipped with four L-shaped profiles whose separation is also adjustable in the length and width of the box to be formed. Each corner set has a square shape and its upper portion is inclined to facilitate folding the side walls of the plate through its weakened lines until they are perpendicular to the bottom of the box. Each corner set comprises a column bender with an actuator that moves a vertical shaft, which moves a trigger-shaped push member between a position adjacent to the mold cavity and a position inward of the corner of the mold cavity for the formation of each corner flap in said prismatic-triangular column.

However, ES2385796B1 does not disclose how the corner flaps are bent before the side walls are folded so that the triangular prismatic columns remain inside the box, nor is it even suggested a solution to regulate the machine in the face of changing measures of the reinforcing flap and the proximal, intermediate and distal portions that compose it, especially when said changing measurements are associated with the change in the measurements of the bottom and / or the height of the box. It is this, the reinforcement columns change measure according to the dimensions of the height and / or the base of the box since the box houses a larger volume of product.

On the other hand, document ES2381268B1 does provide a solution for folding the corner flaps prior to folding the side panels that form the side walls of the box. Said bending of corner flaps is carried out once the plates are located between the core and the mold prior to the insertion of the plate in the cavity of said mold.

In ES2381268B1 a box forming machine is disclosed comprising a male driven to press a flat plate into a mold provided with four corner sets corresponding to the corners of the box, where each corner set comprises a folding device comprising a bending member moved by a pneumatic cylinder and is located in a raised position relative to the side wall benders to act against a corner flap of the sheet and fold it perpendicularly to a side panel of the sheet immediately before the sheet is inserted into the mold by the male. The bender member is mounted such that it can pivot about a pivot axis supported on a support assembly, and said actuator is mounted on said bracket assembly and operatively connected to rotate the bender member about said pivot axis between a lying position and a raised position to fold said corner portion. Since the bending member pivots about an axis of rotation parallel to the bending line to be folded there is control over which of the three weakened lines delimiting the proximal, intermediate and distal portions in the corner flap of the column box folding is performed. This solution does not result in bending by other unwanted weakened lines, although the weakened lines (creases and cuts-creases) of the iron die cut are not well marked to achieve a cost reduction during the manufacture of said plate. Such unwanted corner flap bends occur with a wide variety of sheet grades when inert (static) benders are employed during machine operation such as those described in ES2678670B1 and ES1060859U.

In ES2381268B1 the integral benders of each corner set do have some regulations regarding the main support where they are mounted to regulate the forming machine to changing measures of the reinforcing flap and the proximal, intermediate and distal portions that compose it. In ES2381268B1 it is described that each corner assembly comprises a main support where three other benders 53, 54, 55 are supported to bend parts of the plate when the plate is pushed by the male into the mold. Benders 54 and 55 are square to one corner of the mold cavity, and are adjustable along mutually perpendicular horizontal directions. The bender element 55 and the bender device 1 are mounted such that they can slide along a cantilevered horizontal support bar supported on said main support. The bender device 1 is also adjustable vertically for its positioning in an elevated position with respect to the benders on the side walls.

However, in ES2381268B1 there are several drawbacks related to the regulation of the corner flap folding device. First, its regulation is limited to two of the three perpendicular directions of space, that is, it is only adjustable in the vertical direction and in a horizontal direction. This lack of regulations implies that sometimes the machine is in productive stop for long periods if the dimensions of the boxes change since replacement parts are required. Second, the adjustment tasks of this forming machine, to adapt it to different plate sizes, require relative expertise from the end user since they must configure the actuators of the bending devices that are an integral part of the mold so that they are activated just before the male to start inserting the iron into the mold. To do this, the operator regulates the activation times of these bender devices, and the male, along with the rest of active benders associated with actuators, in an iterative process of the trial and error type that can be complex, tedious and consume a lot of time, depending on the skill of the end user, who may not even be able to regulate such a machine. Therefore, in any of the two disadvantages mentioned, the times of Productive shutdown associated with the forming machine due to regulatory tasks are inadmissible.

The technical problem to be solved is obtaining a box-forming machine with simple and improved regulation to different plate sizes of the column type / format that reduces the productive downtime associated with said plate regulation to increase machine productivity. .

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

To overcome the drawbacks set forth in the previous section, as well as other derived drawbacks, the present invention presents an adjustable box-forming machine made from sheets of sheet material. The machine comprises a chassis, a core and a mold.

The male is moveable guided according to the vertical direction by means of a male drive supported in use to the chassis.

Said core comprises a central core connected to the core drive, and four terminal angles, each with a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, distributed around the central core with its vertical portions in correspondence with the corners of the box to be formed.

The mold is supported in use to the chassis and comprises two mutually facing guide bridges supporting two corner assemblies each.

Said mold comprises four corner assemblies, facing each other in pairs, and located in correspondence with the corners of the box to be formed, a first mold regulation device that regulates the position between pairs of corner assemblies mounted on each guide bridge along its length. thereof, and a second mold regulation device that regulates the position between the two guide bridges according to a direction perpendicular to them.

Similarly, the mold comprises a rectangular molding cavity around which the corner assemblies are located. The molding cavity has a complementary shape to the bottom of the box to be formed. The male is insertable is insertable in the mold cavity to push down a plate initially located between said male and said mold, and thus bend and join parts of said plate with others to form a box. Said union can be made by gluing or by interlocking some flaps with each other.

In the machine, each corner assembly comprises a main support where its guide bridge is supported, and a first and second bending plates with respective vertical portions that form a square and delimit the corner of the molding cavity and with respective curved upper portions. and / or inclined.

Likewise, in the machine, each corner assembly comprises a column bender with an actuator configured to move a shaft of vertical rotation or with an inclination with respect to the vertical that moves a thrust member between an initial position adjacent to the cavity of molding and a final position towards the inside of the corner of the molding cavity.

Also, each corner assembly comprises a third bender with a bender member, the third bender being supported on a horizontal bar parallel to the guide bridges. The horizontal bar is jointly connected to the main support, said third bender being positioned adjacent to the corner of the molding cavity and between the first and second benders.

Likewise, each corner assembly comprises a fifth regulation device configured to position the third bender in a desired horizontal position along the horizontal bar.

Likewise, in each corner assembly the bender member of the third bender is positioned in a level or elevated vertical position with respect to the first and second bender plates to initiate the bending of the corner flaps of the plate before the bending of its side panels so that these flaps are inside.

Furthermore, in each corner assembly, the bender member of the third bender is a passive bender member provided with an upper portion with a complex surface including curved and / or inclined upper portions, a front vertical flat face attached below the complex surface. , said complex surface and said front vertical face being joined by a bending edge, and a lateral vertical plane face perpendicular to the vertical face.

Passive bender is defined as that bender that does not have associated an actuator that is capable of being activated by a binary on and off signal, to move the bender member of said bender.

Likewise, in each corner assembly, the third bender includes a sixth adjusting device regulates the position or one end of the passive bender member in the direction perpendicular to the guide bridges.

Preferably, said sixth regulating device comprises a linear positioning device perpendicular to the guide bridge, and a locking and unlocking device for positioning the passive bending member or its end in a desired position along said direction perpendicular to the guide bridges . The linear positioning device can be a plurality of aligned holes, an elongated hole, a spindle, among other solutions that are covered by the present invention.

Preferably, in each corner assembly the complex surface of the folding member is positioned in an elevated vertical position relative to the curved and / or inclined upper portions of the first and second folding plates.

Preferably, in each corner assembly of the machine, said sixth regulation device is supported on a support that forms an integral part of a seventh regulation device configured to position the passive bending member in a desired elevated vertical position with respect to the first and second bender plates, which in turn is supported on a flange that forms an integral part of the fifth regulation device and which is supported on said horizontal bar.

Preferably, on the machine, at each third bender its complex surface is configured to initiate bending of the corner flap, and the bending edge and vertical face, in cooperation with each end angle of the core, are configured to fold the flaps corner perpendicularly before the first and second bending plates bend the side panels of the plate.

Also preferably, in the machine, the passive bending member or its end is positioned by said sixth adjusting device in a position where the lateral vertical face is positioned parallel and immediately adjacent the cut line separating the corner flap from its lateral wall . Similarly, the passive bending member or its end is positioned by said sixth adjusting device in a position where one end of the bending edge is positioned in a position immediately adjacent to the bottom corner of the box. All this in order to bend the corner flap with greater force and to overcome the resistance of the cut line of the flap and the resistance of the weakened line, to fold said corner flap lifting it by the desired weakened line and not by others. Unwanted weakened lines of corner flap even under changing corner flap measurements.

Preferably, in each corner assembly, the first bending plate is supported on the horizontal bar, by means of an eighth regulation device that includes a flange attached to the bending plate and that embraces said horizontal bar, and a fixing and release element that fixes and releases the flange along the horizontal bar.

Preferably, in the sixth regulating device, the linear positioning device comprises an elongated hole made integrally with the folding member, and the locking and unlocking device locks and unlocks the folding member to a support of the seventh regulating device.

Likewise preferably, the seventh regulating device comprises a vertical elongated hole made in the support and another locking and unlocking element that locks and unlocks the support against a flange that includes a cover and back cover and whose position along the horizontal arm It is adjustable by means of locking and unlocking elements that lock and unlock the cover and back cover to the horizontal arm.

Also preferably, in each corner assembly the complex surface includes a convex curved portion to provide improved and controlled folding of the box corner flap prior to folding of its side panels.

Preferably, said male also comprises a first male regulating device that regulates the position of said terminal angles with respect to the central core according to a first horizontal direction aligned with the horizontal portions, and a second male regulating device that regulates the position of said terminal angles with respect to the central core according to a second horizontal direction perpendicular to said horizontal portions.

Throughout the description and claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, elements, components or steps. Also, the word "comprises" includes the case "consists of". For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge in part from the description and in part from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. The numerical signs relative to the drawings and placed in parentheses in a claim, are only to attempt to increase the understanding of the claim, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claim. Furthermore, the present Invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made of the object of the invention and to help a better understanding of the characteristics that distinguish it, the present specification, as an integral part thereof, is accompanied by a set of drawings, in the that the following has been represented by way of illustration and not limitation:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the adjustable box forming machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top perspective view of the core and the mold of the machine of Fig. 1, and where a plate has been positioned between said core and the mold in an initial position before insertion into the mold;

Fig. 3 is a bird's-eye view of the core and mold supported on the chassis of the machine of Fig. 1, and includes a partial section of the core;

Fig. 4 is a top perspective view of the four corner mold assemblies of the machine of Fig. 3;

Figs. 5 and 6 are front and rear top perspective views, respectively, of a corner mold assembly of the machine of Figs. 2 to 4;

Fig. 7 is a partial explosion of the view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a partial explosion of the view of Fig. 6;

Figs. 9-13 are top perspective views of the four corner assemblies and one plate that follow the box plate transformation sequence; Y

Fig. 14 is a top perspective view of a column type box obtainable with the machine of the present invention.

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF MODES OF REALIZATION / EXAMPLES

According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figs. 1 to 3 show an adjustable box forming machine (100) from sheets of sheet material comprising a chassis (1), a core (10) and a mold (20).

The male (10) is movably guided according to the vertical direction by means of a male actuator (2) supported in use by the chassis (1). Said male drive (2) is of the motor or servomotor (3) type that moves a crank (4), which in turn is articulated on a connecting rod (5) that moves the male (10) guidedly.

Said core (10) comprises a central core (12) attached to the core drive (2), and four terminal angles (11), each with a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, distributed around the central core (12) with their vertical portions in correspondence with the corners of the box to be formed.

Said core (10) also comprises a first core regulation device (15, 16) that regulates the position of said terminal angles (11) with respect to the central core (12) according to a horizontal X direction aligned with the horizontal portions. In Fig. 3 it can be seen that said first male regulation device (15, 16) comprises an elongated hole (16) made in each horizontal portion and a screw (15) that fixes the horizontal portion in solidarity to the central core (12) in a desired position.

Figs. 2 and 3 show that the male (10) comprises a second male regulation device (13, 14) that regulates the position of said terminal angles (11) with respect to the central core (12) according to a horizontal direction Y perpendicular to said portions horizontal. Said second male regulation device (13, 14) comprises, on each side of the central core (12), a first and second bridge portions (13, 14) whose length is adjustable in said horizontal Y direction thanks to another elongated hole (17) made in each bridge portion (13, 14) and respective screws (16) that allow one portion (13) of the bridge to be released with respect to the other (14), relocating said portion (13) with respect to the other (14 ) to obtain the desired separation between terminal angles (11), and to fix said bridge portions (13, 14) in a desired position along these other elongated holes (17).

Thus, the male (10) is adjustable for the formation of plates (P) with different measures of width and length of the bottom (PF) of the box (B) and, therefore, to different measures of corner flaps (S) .

Following in Figs. 1 to 3, the mold (20) is supported in use to the chassis (1) and comprises two mutually facing guide bridges (23) that support two corner assemblies (21) each.

Said mold (20) comprises four corner assemblies (21), facing each other in pairs, and located in correspondence with the corners of the box to be formed, a first mold regulation device (24, 25) that regulates the position between the two corner assemblies (21) mounted on each guide bridge (23) along them according to said Y direction, and a second mold regulation device (27, 28) that regulates the position between the two guide bridges (23) according to said X direction perpendicular to them.

In Figs. 2 and 3 it is shown that said third regulation device (24, 25) comprises, in each guide bridge (23) embodied in an elongated bar, two nuts (25) rotatably coupled to the same spindle (24) and fixed to a main support (29, 30) of a corner assembly (21) each. Likewise, said third regulation device (24, 25) comprises said spindle (24) parallel to its guide bridge (23) and to a Y direction. Each main support (29, 30) is provided with a flange-shaped portion to slide to the length of the bridge guides before a turn of its spindle (24). Each of the two spindles (24) has one half with a thread in one direction and the other half with an opposite thread direction to open or close the two corner assemblies (21) symmetrically.

Also Figs. 2 and 3 show said fourth regulation device (27, 28) comprising two spindles (27) aligned with an X direction, perpendicular to the spindles (24), and rotatably supported on two carriage nuts (28) each. Each spindle (27) comprises elongated bars (26) where its two carriage nuts (28) slide. Each of the two spindles (27) has one half with a thread in one direction and the other half with an opposite thread direction. It also comprises a transmission element (31) embodied in a chain that joins an end pinion (32) coupled on one spindle (27) with another pinion (32) coupled on the other spindle (27) so that a single spindle rotates ( 27) guide bridges (23) open or close equal distances symmetrically.

Thus, the mold (20) is adjustable for the formation of plates (P) with different measures of width and length of the bottom (PF) of the box (B) and, therefore, different measures of corner flaps (S).

Following in Figs. 2 and 3, the mold (20) comprises a rectangular molding cavity (22) around which the corner assemblies (21) are located. The molding cavity (22) has a complementary shape to the bottom (PF) of the box (B) to be formed, like the box (B) shown in Fig. 14. The male (10) is insertable in the molding cavity ( 22) to push down a plate (P) initially located (Fig. 2) between said male (10) and said mold (20), and thus bend and join parts of said plate (P) with others to form a box (B) as shown in Fig. 14.

Figs. 2 to 8 show that in the machine (100), each corner assembly (21) comprises a main support (29, 30) where its guide bridge (23) is supported, and a first and second bending plates (34, 51 ) with respective vertical portions that form a square (Figs. 3, 4, 6 and 8) and delimit the corner of the molding cavity (22) and with respective curved and / or inclined upper portions to bend the side panels (PL) of the iron (P). For this bending of side panels (PL), each corner assembly (21) comprises another auxiliary bending plate (33) oriented for bending of the same side wall (PL) as the first bending plate (34) as shown in Figs. 3, 6, 8 and 12.

Figs. 3 to 8 show that in the machine (100), each corner assembly (21) comprises a column bender (60) with an actuator (63), of the piston cylinder type, configured to move a turning shaft (64) vertical moving a trigger-shaped push member (65) between an initial position (Figs. 3 and 4) adjacent to the molding cavity (22) and a final position towards the inside of the corner of the molding cavity ( 22). The column bender (60) is jointly connected to the main support (29, 30) by means of a column support (61) provided with a vertical positioning device (62) embodied in an elongated hole. The body of the actuator (63) is hingedly supported on the column support (61) by means of a link (66), while the piston is linked at another link (67) to a lever (68) that is attached to the twist (64).

Following in Figs. 3 to 8, each corner assembly (21) comprises a third bender (35) with a bender member, the third bender (35) being supported on a cantilevered horizontal bar (47) parallel to the guide bridges (23). The horizontal bar (47) is part of an elbow piece that also comprises a squared portion (47a) with the horizontal bar (47). The squared portion (47a) is integrally attached to the main support (29, 30), and said third bender (35) is positioned adjacent to the corner of the molding cavity (22) and between the first and second bender (34, 51). ).

In Figs. 3 to 8 each corner assembly (21) comprises a fifth adjusting device (44, 45, 46) configured to position the third bender (35) in a desired horizontal position along the horizontal bar (47), which it will be described in detail later.

Fig. 4 shows that in each corner assembly (21) the bender member of the third bender (35) is positioned in an elevated vertical position relative to the upper portions of the first and second bender plates (34, 51), to start folding (Figs. 10 and 11) of the corner flaps (S) of the plate (P) before the folding of its side panels (PL), so that said flaps (S) are inside the side panels (PL) as shown in Figs. 13 and 14.

In each corner assembly (21), best shown in Figs. 4-8, the bender member of said third bender (35) is a passive bender member (36, 37, 38) provided with an upper portion with a complex surface (36) including a convex curved portion. The passive bending member (36, 37, 38) also comprises a front vertical flat face (38) attached downstream of the complex surface (36), said complex surface (36) and said front vertical face (38) being joined by a bending edge (38a), and a lateral vertical flat face (37) perpendicular to the vertical face (38).

In this embodiment, in each corner assembly (21), the complex surface (36) includes a convex curved portion to provide improved and controlled folding of the corner flap (S) of the plate (P), prior to folding of its side panels (PL) by means of the folding plates (34, 51), as shown in the operating sequence of Figs. 9 to 13.

Figs. 2 to 4 show that, in each corner assembly (21), a sixth adjusting device (39, 40) regulates the position of the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) in the direction perpendicular to the guide bridges (23 ).

Figs. 2 to 8 and 10 show that said sixth regulation device (39, 40) comprises a linear positioning device (40) perpendicular to the guide bridge (23), and a locking and unlocking device (39) to position the passive folding member (36, 37, 38) at a desired position along said direction perpendicular to the guide bridges (23).

Figs. 2 to 8 and 10 show that, in the sixth regulation device (39, 40), the linear positioning device (40) comprises an elongated hole (40) made integrally with the folding member (36, 37, 38) in a support piece (42), which has a linear recess (41). The sixth regulation device (39, 40) further comprises a locking and unlocking device (39), embodied in a screw, which locks and unlocks the passive folding member (36, 37, 38) to position the passive folding member (36 , 37, 38) in a desired position along the support (48) that forms an integral part of a seventh regulation device (48, 49, 50) where the recess (41) of the support part (42) fits.

Figs. 2 to 8 and 10 show that, in each corner assembly (21), said sixth regulation device (39, 40) is supported on a support (48) that forms an integral part of the seventh regulation device (48, 49, 50 ) configured to position the passive bender member (36, 37, 38) in a desired elevated vertical position relative to the first and second bender plates (34, 51), which in turn is supported on a flange (44, 45 , 46) that forms an integral part of the fifth regulation device (44, 45, 46) and that is supported on said horizontal bar (47).

Figs. 4, 7 and 10 to 13, show that the seventh regulation device (48, 49, 50) comprises a vertical elongated hole (49) made in the support (48), and another locking and unlocking element (50) embodied in a screw, which locks and unlocks the support (48) against a flange (44, 45, 46) that includes a cover and back cover (44, 45) and whose position along the horizontal arm (47) is adjustable by means of elements locking and unlocking (46) materialized in screws configured to lock and unlock the cover and back cover (44, 45) of the flange (44, 45, 46) with respect to the horizontal arm (47).

Figs. 1, 2, and 9 to 14 show that in the machine (100), in each third bender (35) its complex surface (36) is configured to start the folding of the corner flap, and the folding edge (38a) and the vertical face (38), in cooperation with each terminal angle (11) of the core (10), are configured to bend the corner flaps (S) perpendicularly before the first and second folding plates (34, 51) bend the side panels (PL) of the iron (P), as shown in Fig. 12.

In Figs. 2 and 9 to 13, a column-type plate (P) corresponding to a plate (P) of sheet material is observed, provided with an obverse side and a reverse side, comprising a rectangular bottom (PF) delimited by four weakened lines , a side panel (PL) attached to each weakened line, and four corner flaps (S) emerging from the ends of two opposing side panels (PL). In the plate (P), each corner flap (S) comprises three weakened second lines (L1, L2, L3) that delimit three consecutive flap portions, a proximal (S1), an intermediate (S2) and a distal (S3) ).

Fig. 14 shows the box (B) obtained with this plate (P) which has the side panels (PL) essentially perpendicular to the bottom (PF), and where the corner flaps (S) form four reinforcing columns (R ) triangular-prismatic inside each corner of the box (B), where a side panel (PL) is squared compared to another side panel (PL). In each of the reinforcing columns (R), its proximal portion (S1) is coplanar to a lateral panel (PL), its inclined intermediate portion (S2) joins the proximal (S1) and distal portion (S3), and its distal portion (S3) is glued by hot glue coplanarly to another side panel (PL) squared with the aforementioned side panel (PL). The reinforcing columns (R) are opened when the distal portion (S3) is attached to the wall panel (PL) on the same side of the plate (P), that is, when the distal portions (S3) are outside the triangular prism formed by a lateral wall (PL) and the proximal (S1) and intermediate (S2) flap portion.

Fig. 9 shows a position where the plate (P) is being transported towards the mold (20) provided with the four corner assemblies (21). Later, in Figs. 2 and 10 it is shown that the plate (P) is positioned in an initial position between said core (10) and the mold (20). In Figs. 11 and 12 the male (10) begins to insert vertically into the mold (10) to push down the plate (P) and thus fold the corner flaps (S) of the plate (P) along the weakened lines (L1) that separate the proximal portion of the lateral wall (PL).

In Figs. 12 and 13 the corner flaps (S) are perpendicular to the side wall (PL) before said side wall (PL) is coplanar with the proximal portion of the corner flap (S).

In the machine (100) of Figs. 1 to 13 the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) is positioned by said sixth regulating device (39, 40) in a position where the lateral vertical face (37) is parallel and immediately adjacent to the line of cut (C ) that separates the corner flap (S) from its side wall (PL). Also the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) is positioned by said sixth adjusting device (39, 40) in a position where one end of the bending edge (38a) is immediately adjacent to the bottom corner (PF) from the box (B). All this to bend the corner flap (S) with greater force and to overcome the resistance of the cut line (C) of the corner flap (S) and the resistance of the weakened line (L1), to fold said flap corner (S) lifting it by the desired weakened line (L1) and not by other unwanted weakened lines (L2, L3) that make up the corner flap (S), which delimit proximal (S1), intermediate (S2) portions and distal (S3) of a column type plate (P) to be formed, even in the face of changing measurements of corner flaps (S).

Figs. 4, 5 and 7 show that, in each corner assembly (21), the first bending plate (34) is supported on the horizontal bar (47), by an eighth regulation device (53, 52) that includes a flange (52) attached to the bending plate (34) and that embraces said horizontal bar (47), and a fixing and release element (53) embodied in a screw that fixes and releases the flange (52) along the horizontal bar (47) to position the first bender plate (34) in a desired position.

Claims (10)

1.- Adjustable box forming machine (100) from sheets of laminar material, comprising: a chassis (1); a male (10) movably guided in the vertical direction by means of a male drive (2) supported in use by the chassis (1), which comprises a central core (12) attached to the male drive (2), four terminal angles (11 ), each with a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, distributed around the central core (12) with its vertical portions in correspondence with the corners of the box to be formed; a mold (20) supported in use to the chassis (1), comprising • two mutually facing guide bridges (23) supporting two corner assemblies (21) each; • four corner sets (21), faced in pairs, and located in correspondence with corners of the box to be formed; • a first mold regulation device (24, 25) that regulates the position between pairs of corner assemblies (21) mounted on each guide bridge (23) along them; • a second mold regulation device (27, 28) that regulates the position between the two guide bridges (23) according to a direction perpendicular to them; and • a rectangular molding cavity (22) around which the corner assemblies (21) are located, which has a complementary shape to the bottom of the box to be formed, where the male (10) is insertable to push down a plate initially located between said core (10) and said mold (20), and thus bending and joining parts of said plate with others to form a box; wherein each corner assembly (21) comprises: • a main support (29, 30) where its guide bridge (23) is supported; • a first and second bending plates (34, 51) with respective vertical portions that form a square and delimit the corner of the molding cavity (22) and with respective curved and / or inclined upper portions; • a column bender (60) with an actuator (63) configured to move a pivot shaft (64) vertically or with an inclination with respect to the vertical that moves a push member (65) between an initial position adjacent to the cavity from molding (22) and a final position towards the inside of the corner of the molding cavity (22); • a third bender (35) with a bender member, the third bender (35) being supported on a horizontal bar (47) and parallel to the guide bridges (23), which is integrally connected to the main support (29, 30) , and said third bender (35) being positioned adjacent the corner of the molding cavity (22) and between the first and second bender (34, 51); • a fifth adjusting device (44, 45, 46) configured to position the third bender (35) in a desired horizontal position along the horizontal bar (47); Y • in each corner assembly (21) the bender member of the third bender (35) is positioned in a level or elevated vertical position with respect to the curved and / or inclined upper portions of the first and second bender plates (34, 51) to start folding the corner flaps of the iron before folding their side panels so that the flaps are inside; characterized in that in each corner set (21): the bender member of the third bender (35) is a passive bender member (36, 37, 38) provided with: • an upper portion with a complex surface (36) including curved and / or inclined upper portions; • a front vertical flat face (38) joined downstream of the complex surface (36), said complex surface (36) and said front vertical face (38) being joined by a bending edge (38a); Y • a lateral vertical flat face (37) perpendicular to the vertical face (38); Y The third bender (35) includes a sixth regulating device (39, 40) regulates the position or one end of the passive bender member (36, 37, 38) in the direction perpendicular to the guide bridges (23). 2. Machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein said sixth regulation device (39, 40) comprises a linear positioning device (40) perpendicular to the guide bridge (23), and a locking and unlocking device (39 ) to position the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) or its end in a desired position along said direction perpendicular to the guide bridges (23). 3. - Machine (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in each corner assembly (21) the complex surface (36) of the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) is positioned in an elevated vertical position with respect to the curved and / or inclined upper portions of the first and second folding plates (34, 51). 4. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, in each corner assembly (21), said sixth regulation device (39, 40) is supported on a support (48) that forms an integral part of a seventh regulating device (48, 49, 50) configured to position the passive bender member (36, 37, 38) in a desired elevated vertical position relative to the first and second bender plates (34, 51), which in turn , is supported on a flange (44, 45, 46) that forms an integral part of the fifth regulation device (44, 45, 46) and that is supported on said horizontal bar (47). 5. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in each third bender (35) its complex surface (36) is configured to initiate the folding of the corner flap, and the folding edge (38a) and the vertical face (38), in cooperation with each terminal angle (11) of the male (10), are configured to bend the corner flaps (S) perpendicularly before the first and second folding plates (34, 51) bend the side panels (PL) of the iron (P). 6. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the passive bending member (36, 37, 38) or its end is positioned by said sixth regulation device (39, 40) in a position where the lateral vertical face (37) is parallel is immediately adjacent the line of cut (C) that separates the corner flap (S) from its lateral wall (PL), and one end of the bending edge (38a) is immediately adjacent to the bottom corner (PF) of the box (B), to bend the corner flap (S) with greater force and to overcome the resistance of the cut line (C) of the flap (S) and the resistance of the weakened line (L1), to bend said corner flap (S ) lifting it by the desired weakened line (L1) and not by other unwanted weakened lines (L2, L3) that are part of the corner flap (S) even when changing corner flaps (S). 7. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in each corner assembly (21) the first bending plate (34) is supported on the horizontal bar (47), by means of an eighth regulation device (53, 52) which includes a flange (52) attached to the bender plate (34) and that embraces said horizontal bar (47), and a fixing and release element (53) that fixes and releases the flange (52) along the horizontal bar ( 47). 8. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in the sixth regulation device (39, 40), the linear positioning device (40) comprises an elongated hole made integrally with the folding member (36, 37, 38), and the locking and unlocking device (39) locks and unlocks the folding member (36, 37, 38) to a support (48) of the seventh regulating device (48, 49, 50); Y The seventh regulating device (48, 49, 50) comprises a vertical elongated hole (49) made in the support (48) and another locking and unlocking element (50) that locks and unlocks the support (48) against a flange ( 44, 45, 46) comprising a cover and back cover (44, 45) and whose position along the horizontal arm (47) is adjustable by means of locking and unlocking elements (46) that lock and unlock the cover and back cover ( 44, 45) to the horizontal arm (47). 9. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in each corner assembly (21) the complex surface (36) includes a convex curved portion. 10. - Machine (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the male (10) comprises: a first male regulation device (15, 16) that regulates the position of said terminal angles (11) with respect to the central core (12) according to a first horizontal direction aligned with the horizontal portions; Y a second male regulation device (13, 14) that regulates the position of said terminal angles (11) with respect to the central core (12) according to a second horizontal direction perpendicular to said horizontal portions.