ES1258339U - MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF BOXES WITH FLANGES LOCATED ON THE TOP OF THE SIDE WALLS OF THE SAME AND FOLDED TOWARDS THE OUTSIDE OF SUCH BOXES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine (100) for the formation of boxes with flanges located in the upper part of the side walls of the same and folded towards the outside of said boxes, said machine (100) comprising: A chassis (1); a mold (50) supported on said chassis (1), comprising a cavity (52) corresponding to the box to be formed and wherein a male (60, 80, 85) is insertable, an inlet mouth (54) plate to said cavity (52) and an outlet mouth (55) of said formed box cavity (52), mutually facing each other according to a direction (Z), and a plurality of first and second benders (51, 53) arranged around of said cavity (52); a male drive (10) supported on said chassis (1), configured to move said male (60, 80, 85) linearly in a guided manner according to said direction (Z) in opposite directions, between a position of maximum extraction where said male (60, 80, 85) is outside said cavity (52), and a position of maximum insertion where said male (60, 80, 85) is inside said cavity (52); said male (60, 80, 85), supported on a connection support (11) of said male drive (10), aligned with said mold (50) according to a direction (Z), and having essentially the shape of a truncated pyramid inverted, said male (60, 80, 85) comprising: a front side (61) and a rear side (63) according to the insertion direction of the male (60, 80, 85) in the mold (50), and four flat lateral sides (62) arranged mutually facing each other two by two around the arm (11), each of which forms an inclined angle with respect to said direction (Z); and wherein said front side (61) comprises a flat bottom surface (65) configured to press a bottom portion of a plate positioned in said inlet mouth (54) and insert it into the cavity (52), and on said rear side (63) are mounted four male benders (64), facing each other in pairs, one associated with each of the flat lateral sides (62), and configured to protrude outwards with respect to said flat lateral sides (62) and bend outward four edges located at the upper ends of the side walls of the box; and a guiding device associated with said mold (50), provided with two mutually facing box guides (90), configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth (55); characterized because said mold (50) further comprises stops (56), mutually facing and arranged around the cavity (52), each one activatable by means of one or more stop actuators (36), between a retracted position adjacent to the cavity (52) where they do not interfere with the box to be formed, and a stop position where one or more flat end faces (58, 59) of each of said stops (56) are configured to be located adjacent to the fold lines that connect the outer flanges with the side walls of the box, and said one or more flat flange faces (58, 59) being configured in said abutment position to receive pressure from the outer flanges upon their bending outward by the male benders (64); said male benders (64) are configured to press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges against said one or more flat nose faces (58, 59) in their abutting position with the male (60, 80, 85) inserted into the box in the position of maximum introduction, and are configured to glue some outer edges with others in their overlapping portions by means of points or glue beads; and the movement of the stops (56) from their stop position to their retracted position allows said guiding device to be configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth (55). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

MACHINE FOR FORMING BOXES WITH FLANGES LOCATED IN THE

UPPER PART OF THE SIDE WALLS THEM AND BENDED

TO THE OUTSIDE OF THOSE BOXES

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention concerns a machine for the formation of boxes with flanges located in the upper part of the side walls thereof and folded towards the outside of said boxes.

The present invention is also related to a method for the formation of boxes with flanges located on the upper part of the side walls thereof and folded towards the outside of said boxes.

The term "sheet material" is used to designate corrugated cardboard sheet, compact cardboard sheet, corrugated plastic sheet, plastic sheet, a combination of these, and the like, which have weakened lines to facilitate their box formation by bending of said weakened lines.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED

Documents GB1490301A and CA1121199A disclose respective methods and machines for the formation of trays from sheets of paper or cardboard covered with a plastic sheet, which comprise a rectangular bottom, four walls facing two by two with a convergent inclination towards their bottom, each one connected to one side of the bottom, and reinforcing flaps associated with each corner of the bottom. Each wall is adhesively bonded to its two adjoining walls by means of said reinforcing flaps. Each side wall has outer edges folded out of the box, which are joined together to form a continuous peripheral rectangular edge.

Document US2925758A shows a machine for forming containers from metal sheets or similar combinations, where the material, once folded, maintains its folded position. Such a machine is not suitable for the production of cardboard or plastic boxes and trays, since metallic materials have memory upon bending, and therefore a cardboard and / or plastic material needs to be held in the folded position for a time until the adhesive joins parts of the box to others.

For the formation of said trays with outer edges, document GB1490301A proposes a male element and a female element or mold, facing each other, between which a plate is initially placed. The male inserts the plate into the mold through a Upper mouth to bend some parts of the plate with others. Once the box is formed, it is extracted again through the upper mouth by means of a lifting plate that moves the bottom of the box from a position inserted in the mold to a raised position on the mold. The mold is configured to only insert and extract boxes through its upper mouth since it is a blind bottom mold mounted on a frame of a chassis. To complete the extraction of the box, a device F transports the boxes individually from the raised position to a lateral position on another conveyor G. These folding and extraction operations are complex and time consuming.

A drawback of GB1490301A and US2925758A is that the number of boxes formed in a period of time is very low, which increases the unit cost of forming said boxes. First, in both cases, after bending the box, you must wait some time with the box inserted in the mold so that the adhesive on the walls and edges dries, and another added time so that the complex operation of extraction of the the tray formed from the mold. This causes the plate to have a stop point in the production cycle, stopping the plates fed to said mold and core.

Another drawback of document GB1490301A is that the adhesive is obtained by blowing hot air over certain areas of a plate stopped in a position on a conveyor, melting the hot-melt coating to join parts of the plate with others. This causes the plate to have a second stop point in the production cycle, also stopping all plates transported to the air heater.

Another drawback of document GB1490301A is the excessive number of conveyor devices, B, D and F, due to the double stop of each plate in each cycle, which adds an extra cost, complexity, and an excessive floor space, which increases the cost. unit of formation of said boxes.

To increase the speed of formation of these trays, document CA1121199A proposes to position on the mold and under the core a plate with adhesive applied on the reinforcing flaps. The male in its introduction into the mold cavity through the entrance mouth forms the bottom, the side walls and adheres the walls against the reinforcement flaps. After this and during this introduction, the outer flanges are formed sequentially in pairs, by means of upper benders mounted on the core and negative pressure holes made in the core that retain the side walls during the formation of the side walls and during the folding of the outer edges towards the outside of the box. This folding is done beyond the horizontal, parallel to the bottom of the box, to compensate for the memory of the cardboard. When the core reaches the maximum insertion position the tray is nested with the previously formed trays forming a stack through a mold outlet mouth aligned vertically with the core and the input mouth. This is considered the closest antecedent.

A drawback of document CA1121199A is that the speed of the forming machine is restricted to the speed with which the tap oscillates between said maximum extraction and insertion positions of its Fig. 3, and precisely the tap must make a long vertical travel between the positions of maximum extraction and maximum insertion shown in Fig. 3 to be able to carry out all the operations of folding the box from its flat plate according to the vertical. In addition, the stack of nested boxes is also vertical and is located just below the mold.

First, this long vertical path of document CA1121199A limits the speed of formation of the boxes, since with the core inserted into the long vertical cavity of the mold, no other plate can be positioned between the core and the mold to perform the next cycle of bending and ejection.

Second, the negative pressure holes support the side walls during the bending of the outer flanges, which is a critical operation and with low reliability, even more so considering the several million cycles to which these machines are subjected. Thus, this causes constant productive stops of the machine, which reduces its production speed.

Third, the long vertical travel of the male causes the height measurement of the machine to be excessive even for the formation of low-height boxes, although the width and length of the machine can be relatively small, which leads to problems in the transportation and installation of said machine.

Fourth, the CA1121199A machine comprises an excessive number of elements, and furthermore these are of considerable dimensions, such as two vertical supports with cam followers connected to respective drive bars, four pinions and four racks, excessively elongated molding cavity, between many others, which add an extra cost, complexity, and contribute to said excessive measure in height of the machine, increasing the unit cost of forming said boxes.

It would be desirable to obtain a method and a machine with a higher forming speed for the formation of boxes with flanges located on the upper part of the side walls thereof and bent towards the outside of said boxes.

Furthermore, it would be desirable, at the same time, to maintain or reduce the measurements of said machine and associated costs necessary for its formation.

Speed is an essential factor in these machines, and can reach values of several thousand or even tens of thousands of boxes formed per hour.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect, to solve the drawbacks set forth in the previous section, the present invention presents a machine for the formation of boxes with flanges located in the upper part of the side walls thereof and bent towards the outside of said boxes, comprising said machine: a chassis, a mold, a male drive, a male, and a guiding device.

Said mold is supported on said chassis and comprises a cavity corresponding to the shape of the box to be formed and where a male is insertable, a plate entrance mouth to said cavity and an exit mouth of said formed box cavity, mutually facing each other. according to a Z direction, and a plurality of first and second benders arranged around said cavity.

Said male drive is supported on said chassis, and configured to move said male linearly in a guided manner according to said Z direction in opposite directions, between a position of maximum extraction where said male is outside said cavity, and a position of maximum insertion wherein said male is inside said cavity.

Said male is supported on a connection support of said male drive. Said core is aligned with said mold in a Z direction, and is essentially in the shape of an inverted truncated pyramid.

Said male comprises a front side and a rear side according to the direction of introduction of the male into the mold, and four flat lateral sides arranged mutually facing each other two by two around the arm, each one of which forms an inclined angle with respect to said Z direction .

Said front side comprises a flat bottom surface configured to press a bottom portion of a plate positioned in said inlet mouth and insert it into the cavity.

On said rear side four male benders are mounted, facing in pairs, one associated with each of the flat lateral sides, and configured to protrude outwards with respect to said flat lateral sides and bend four outwards. flanges located at the upper ends of the side walls of the box.

Said guiding device is associated with said mold, provided with two mutually facing box guides, configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth. Said guiding device may or may not be an integral part of the mold. The boxes can pass through said outlet mouth in a nested arrangement, one with the other, forming a stack of boxes.

According to this first aspect, the present invention further proposes in combination, in a way per se not known from the existing state of the art, a series of elements and characteristics that are listed below.

In said machine, said mold also comprises stops, mutually facing each other, and arranged around the cavity. Each of said stops can be activated by one or more stop actuators, between a retracted position adjacent to the cavity where it does not interfere with the box to be formed, and a stop position where one or more flat flange faces of each of said stops are configured to be located adjacent to the fold lines that connect the outer ridges with the side walls of the box. Said one or more flat nose faces are configured in said abutment position to receive pressure from the outer flanges upon their bending outward by the tap benders.

Among others, this invention expressly covers the following possibilities: a mold with two stops with a flat nose face each stop, a mold with four stops with a flat nose face each stop, a mold with four stops with two flat nose faces each stop in where said two flat nose faces are movable by means of a single actuator, and a mold with four stops with two flat nose faces each stop where each flat nose face is movable by means of a respective stop actuator.

In said machine, said tap benders are configured to press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges against said one or more flat flange faces in their abutment position with the tap inserted into the box at the maximum insertion position. Also, said male benders are configured to glue outer flanges to each other at their overlapping portions by means of glue dots or beads.

In said machine, the movement of the stops from their stop position to their retracted position allows said guide device to be configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth.

By means of the present invention the path of the male between the positions of maximum insertion and extraction is shortened, while all the bending and pressing operations of the box from the flat plate are carried out between said positions of the male, thus increasing the formation speed.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the bending and pressing operation of the outer flanges is performed with greater reliability, which avoids productive stoppages and maintains a high formation speed, compared to the state of the art that uses more critical and failure-prone operations. / productive stop.

Preferably, in such a machine, the tap benders are configured to bend the outer flanges with the tap in the maximum insertion position. Preferably, in this operation the core can be inserted into the box and the bottom of the box stopped.

Thus, the reliability of the formation of the flanges is further increased, maintaining a high speed, since bending and pressing with the box stopped increases the stability and centering of the partially formed box, and allows to increase the linear speed of the tap without an inconvenience of bending and defective gluing of the outer edges, which results in greater production stops and a reduced production speed.

Preferably, in said machine, the Z direction corresponds to the vertical, with the male and the mold being aligned according to the vertical, and said inlet and outlet openings being mutually aligned according to the vertical, so that said guiding device is configured so that the boxes come out from under the outlet mouth. Furthermore, said machine comprises a conveyor supported on the chassis, equipped with two horizontal plate guides configured to be one on each side of the plate to be transported from an initial position towards its position in the entrance mouth. Also, said machine comprises a plurality of glue injectors, supported on the chassis and suspended on said guides, configured to deposit dots or strands of glue on the plate during its transport.

This arrangement proposes applying glue on the flat plate at high speed, thanks to the horizontal guidance of the plate and the glue injectors that precisely deposit the glue even if the speed increases, and even more so in this case where the portions overlap of said outer flanges are very low.

Linked to the previous horizontal transport of the plate, this arrangement proposes a vertical displacement of the male, which clearly simplifies the extraction of the plate. box formed through the outlet mouth, aided in any case by gravity. Again, the speed increases since it is not necessary to have an activatable device, associated with a delay time, which must eject the box formed out of the mold cavity, passing through the outlet mouth.

In both operations, application of glue and exit of formed box, the machine is configured to execute them without plate or box stops throughout the production cycle, increasing its speed.

Preferably, said flat end faces of each of said stops are horizontal and said core benders are configured to horizontally press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges against said flat end faces.

Since the bending of the flanges is carried out only up to the horizontal, and not beyond the horizontal as proposed by the state of the art, it takes less time to bend, and maintains a short vertical travel of the male, increasing the cyclical speed of the machine. This increase is plausible because, although the outer edges recover memory, later said edges can remain straight by bending them again in a later phase of sealing or placing a laminar coating on the upper mouth of the box.

Also preferably, in said machine, wherein said male benders are configured such that a mutually facing pair of male benders first reaches the position of pressure against said flat end faces, and the other mutually facing pair of male benders arrives then to the position of pressure against said flat end faces.

Again, with this option the speed increases since the box comes out completely formed by the outlet mouth.

According to an option of said machine, said male benders are operatively connected to a male actuator integrated in the male, the activation of which is independent of the male actuation, said male actuator being configured to move said male benders linearly, each according to a direction not aligned with said Z direction, between a protruding position, where said flat lateral sides protrude outwardly, and a retracted position where they do not protrude or protrude to a lesser extent outward from said flat lateral sides.

With this option, the formation speed is increased, because the travel of the core between the maximum extraction and insertion positions is further reduced, with the minimum travel being that where the core benders are configured to move perpendicular to the Z direction.

Complementarily, following this option, the male actuator is a rotary actuator equipped with a rotary axis. Said male further comprises four guides and four conjugate guides, where each guide is integral or forms part of a male bender and is linearly coupled in a corresponding conjugate guide that is integral with the flat lateral sides. Said axis of rotation is operatively connected to each core bender to move it linearly between its retracted and protruding positions, providing expansion or contraction of the core benders relative to the axis of rotation.

Preferably, in this option, said male further comprises four arms, each one articulated at its respective proximal end at a respective point integral with the axis of rotation, and each one articulated at its respective distal end with respect to each male bender.

According to an alternative option of said machine, said tap comprises elastic elements connecting said front side with said rear side, rods joined to the front side and aligned according to the Z direction, operatively connected to pivot each of the tap benders around to a respective articulation in the presence or absence of pressure on the front side, between a protruding position, where said flat lateral sides protrude towards the outside, and a retracted position where they do not protrude or protrude to a lesser extent towards the outside of said flat lateral sides.

This option is advantageous because the tap benders are configured to move with the pressure exerted on the tap itself, thereby avoiding the signal delays and mechanical delays associated with a solution where said tap benders are driven by actuators.

Complementarily, following this alternative option, said male comprises at least four limiting elements, and each one of them has its proximal end connected to said front side and its opposite end connected to one of said male benders, being compactly integrated into said male to keep said male benders in a retracted position in the absence of pressure on said front side.

This compact tap shortens the travel of the tap between the maximum positions, and furthermore the use of springs avoids the delays associated with the electrical signals of an electromechanical actuator, all resulting in an improvement in the speed of the machine.

According to a third machine option, this comprises two forming stations supported on the chassis, each one equipped with a core, a mold, and a guiding device; and that further comprises two of said conveyors supported on the chassis, each one of which is configured to transport plates to each of the forming stations, with a plurality of glue injectors being suspended on each conveyor.

Complementarily, said machine also comprises essentially vertical end faces integrated in the stops, in a complementary manner with chamfered corners of the boxes. The essentially vertical end faces are configured to press the outer part of the box in its abutment position at each of said corners against one or more chamfers connecting each of said flat lateral sides of said tap.

This option is advantageous because each one of said stops is configured to form the chamfered corners with the essentially vertical end faces and at the same time comprise the flat end faces to bend and press the edges, with which both operations are carried out at the same time minimizing time , thus increasing the cyclical speed of formation.

According to a second aspect, in order to solve the drawbacks set forth in the previous section, the present invention presents a method for the formation of boxes with flanges located in the upper part of the side walls thereof and bent towards the outside of said boxes.

This method comprises the stages of:

a) moving a core linearly in a guided manner according to a Z direction, from a position of maximum extraction where said core is outside a cavity of a mold, to a position of maximum introduction where said core is inside said cavity;

b) pressing a bottom portion of a plate positioned on an inlet opening to said cavity, inserting it into said cavity;

c) applying dots or strings of glue to join some side walls of the box with others;

d) applying stitches or beads of glue on overlapping portions of said outer ridges to join ridges with other ridges;

e) after steps a), b) and c), bend some lateral walls attached to the bottom of the box to be formed by means of first and second benders of the mold arranged around said cavity in cooperation with flat lateral sides of said core having inverted truncated pyramid shape;

f) bending the flanges located in the upper part of the side walls towards the outside of the box, by means of male benders mounted on the male, facing in pairs, one associated with each of the flat lateral sides, projecting outwards of said flat lateral sides, first folding the edges of two mutually facing walls, and then folding the edges of the other two mutually facing walls;

g) moving a male linearly in a guided manner according to a Z direction from said position of maximum insertion, to said position of maximum extraction; and

h) guiding the boxes formed by passing through an outlet mouth of said cavity, in a nested arrangement, one with the other, forming a stack of boxes, said outlet mouth being mutually facing according to the Z direction to said inlet mouth.

According to this second aspect, the present invention also proposes, in a way not known per se from the existing state of the art, a series of steps and characteristics that are listed below.

Therefore, said method further comprises, in combination, the steps of:

i) moving stops mutually facing each other and arranged around the cavity, from a retracted position adjacent to the cavity where they do not interfere with the box to be formed, moving them towards the interior of the cavity, to a stop position where end faces planes of said stops are located adjacent to the bend lines that connect said outer edges with the side walls of the box, and where the flat end faces receive the pressure of the outer edges before their bending out by the male benders;

j) pressing the overlapping portions of said outer flanges by means of the male benders against said flat end faces in their stop position, with the bottom of the box stopped and said male inserted inside the box in the position of maximum introduction, to stick by means of the dots or glue beads applied in step d) some outer edges with others in their overlapping portions; and

k) after steps i) and j), move said stops to their retracted position to allow the execution of step h).

Preferably, in said method, step f) of bending said outer edges is carried out with the bottom of the box stopped and the male inserted inside the box in the position of maximum introduction.

Preferably, in said method, in step a) said Z direction corresponds to the vertical direction; and stages c) and d) occur before stages b) and f), and during horizontal transport of the flat plate in a guided manner, from an initial position towards its positioning in the inlet mouth, by means of a plurality of injectors of glue that apply dots or beads of glue on the flat plate suspended over the horizontal transport direction.

Preferably, in said method, step f) the bending of said outer edges is until they coincide with the horizontal and no further, and further comprises step z) of re-bending said outer edges during the placement of a laminar covering in the upper mouth of the box, which improves the horizontal condition of the edges despite the memory of the cardboard.

Also preferably, in said method, in step f) of said method, the edges of two mutually facing walls are first bent on whose overlapping portions the glue cords of step d) have been applied, and subsequently the other two are bent. ridges that remain glued above said first bent ridges.

According to one option of this method, step f) comprises the steps of:

n) moving said male benders, linearly, each according to a direction not aligned with said Z direction, from a retracted position where they do not protrude or protrude to a lesser extent towards the outside of said flat lateral sides, to a position of protrusion in where they protrude outward from said flat lateral sides, to carry out steps f) and j) of bending and pressing said edges; and

o) moving said core benders, linearly, each one according to a direction not aligned with said Z direction, from its protruding position to its retracted position to carry out step g) of extraction of the core from the mold.

Complementarily, following in this option of said method, steps n) and / or executes a male actuator integrated in said male, the activation of which is independent of the displacement of the male of stages a) and g) and of the pressure of the male on the bottom of the box.

According to an alternative option of said method, step f) also comprises the steps of:

p) reducing the separation between the front and rear sides of the core according to said Z direction, under the pressure of a flat bottom surface of said front side on the bottom of the plate;

q) moving said male benders, articulately, from their retracted position to their protruding position when said gap between front and rear side of step p) is reduced to execute steps f) and j) of bending and pressing said flanges; and

r) moving said male benders, articulately, from their protruding position to their retracted position when said flat bottom surface stops pressing the bottom of the plate.

Preferably, said method further comprises the step s) of moving the first and second benders, between a bending position, where they are positioned towards the interior of the cavity to bend said side walls attached to the bottom of the box, and a retracted position , where they are positioned towards the outside of the cavity to carry out step g) of extraction of the core from the mold.

Preferably, said method further comprises step u) of supporting the boxes formed during step h) by means of a guiding device associated with the mold, said step u) comprising the steps of:

w) moving said guiding device, from a supporting position, where it supports a stack of formed boxes, to a retracted position, where the surface of said outlet mouth is larger for a stack of formed boxes to pass through; and

x) moving said guiding device, from said retracted position, to a support position, where the surface of the outlet mouth is smaller to support a stack of nested formed boxes.

Also preferably, in said method, it also comprises the step m) of pressing the outside of the box at each of the corners, by means of essentially vertical end faces integrated in the stops, in a complementary manner with said chamfered corners of the boxes, and with the stops in the stop position, against one or more chamfers connecting each of said flat lateral sides of said tap.

The advantages described for the first aspect of the invention also apply to this method of the second aspect of the invention.

Optionally, this method of the second aspect can be executed by the machine of the first aspect of the invention.

Throughout the description and claims the word "comprise" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. Furthermore, the word "comprises" includes the case "consists of". For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. Consequently, the scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims. The numerical signs relative to the drawings and placed in parentheses in a claim, are only to attempt to increase the understanding of the claim, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claim. Furthermore, the present invention covers all the possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.

The claims referring to said machine have been expressly drawn up so that a possible infringement of the present invention can be verified whether said machine is in operation or stopped, and although the boxes that are configured to form are not physically found at the time of inspection. .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made of the object of the invention and to aid in a better understanding of the characteristics that distinguish it, the present specification is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, by a set of plans, in the that for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are respective top perspective views of boxes with flanges located in the upper part of the side walls thereof and folded towards the outside of said boxes that can be formed with the machine of the present invention, and in which in Figs. 1 and 2 their faces are transparent to show the applied glue beads;

Fig. 4 is a top perspective view of a first embodiment of the machine of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a top perspective view of a symmetrical half of the mold that forms an integral part of the machine of Fig. 1;

Fig.6 is another top perspective view of Fig. 5, and where the box of Fig. 3 is located in the position of maximum insertion of the male;

Figs. 7 and 8 are top and bottom perspective views, respectively, of one of the stops that forms an integral part of the mold of Figs. 1 and 5, and where the box of Fig.6 with its transparent faces has been represented;

Figs. 9 and 10 are top and bottom perspective views, respectively, of one of the stops forming an integral part of the mold, according to an alternative embodiment;

Figs. 11 and 12 are top perspective views of the male of Fig. 1 in a retracted and protruding position, respectively;

Fig. 13 is a side view of the tap of Fig. 11;

Fig. 14 is a bottom perspective view of the tap of Fig. 11;

Figs. 15 to 17 are top views of the tap of Fig. 1, showing respective positions of the tap benders: brought in position, an intermediate position, and a protruding position;

Figs. 18 and 19 are respective top and bottom exploded views of the male of Fig. 1;

Fig. 20 is a top perspective view of a second embodiment of the machine of the present invention;

Fig. 21 is a top perspective view of a third embodiment of the machine of the present invention;

Figs. 22 and 23 are front and rear top perspective views, respectively, a symmetrical half of the mold that forms an integral part of the machine of Fig. 1, and where the box of Fig. 2 has been represented in the maximum position introduction of the male;

Figs. 24 and 25 are side views of a symmetrical half of the mold of the machine of Fig. 21 in a bent position and a retracted position, respectively, of its first and second benders;

Figs. 26 and 27 are top perspective views of the male of Fig. 21 in a retracted and protruding position, respectively;

Figs. 28 and 29 are respective sectional views of Figs. 26 and 27;

Figs. 30 and 31 are respective upper and lower exploded views of the male of Fig. 21;

Fig. 32 is a top perspective view of the male that forms an integral part of the machine of Fig. 21, according to another alternative embodiment;

Fig. 33 is a sectional view of Fig. 32; and

Fig. 34 is a top perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the machine of the present invention.

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF MODES OF REALIZATION / EXAMPLES

According to a first aspect of the present invention, Figs. 4 to 8 and 11 to 19 show a first embodiment of a machine (100) for the formation of boxes with edges located in the upper part of the side walls thereof and bent towards the outside of said boxes.

Fig.4 shows that said machine (100) a mold (50), a male drive (10), and a guiding device supported on a chassis (shown in Fig. 20).

Said mold (50) is supported on said chassis (1), and comprises a cavity (52) corresponding to the lateral envelope of the box to be formed and where a male (60) is insertable, an inlet mouth (54 ) of plate to said cavity (52) and an outlet mouth (55) of said formed box cavity (52), mutually facing according to a direction (Z) corresponding to the vertical, and a plurality of first and second benders (51 , 53) arranged around said cavity (52).

Figs. 24 and 25 of the third embodiment show said inlet and outlet openings (54, 55).

Returning to this first embodiment of Fig. 4, said male drive (10) is supported on said chassis (1) and comprises an arm moved by a motor member (not shown). Said male drive (10) is configured to move said male (60) linearly in a guided manner according to said direction (Z) in opposite directions, between a position of maximum extraction where said male (60, 80, 85) is out of said cavity (52), and a position of maximum insertion where said tap (60, 80, 85) is inside said cavity (52).

Fig. 4 shows that said male (60) is fixedly supported on a connection support (11) of said male drive (10) and aligned with said mold (50) according to said vertical (Z) direction. Said core (60) is essentially in the shape of an inverted truncated pyramid.

Figs. 4, 11 and 12 show that said male (60) comprises a front side (61) and a rear side (63) according to the direction of introduction of the male (60, 80, 85) in the mold (50), and four sides flat sides (62) arranged mutually facing each other two by two around the arm (11), each of which forms an inclined angle with respect to said direction (Z).

Said front side (61) comprises a flat bottom surface (65) configured to press a bottom portion of a plate positioned in said inlet mouth (54) and insert it into the cavity (52) of Fig. 4.

Figs. 4, 11 and 12 show that four male benders (64) are mounted on said rear side (63), facing in pairs, one associated with each of the flat lateral sides (62), and configured to protrude outwards with respect to to said flat lateral sides (62) and bend outward four flanges located at the upper ends of the side walls of the box.

Figs. 5 and 6 show said guiding device associated with said mold (50), which is provided with four box guides (90) mutually facing each other in pairs, configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet opening (55), in a nested arrangement, one with the other, forming a stack of boxes. The guiding device is associated with the mold (50) in such a way that it forms an integral part of it and each of its guides (90) are fixedly supported with respect to a second bender (53).

Figs. 4 to 8 show that said mold (50) further comprises four stops (56), mutually facing each other in pairs, along a double axis of symmetry, and arranged around the cavity (52), each in one of the four corner areas of the cavity (52).

Each of said stops (56) is activated by a stop actuator (36) embodied in a pneumatic cylinder, between a retracted position adjacent to the cavity (52) where it does not interfere with the box (B) to be formed shown in the Figs. 4 to 8, and a stop position (not shown) where two flat end faces (58, 59) of each of said stops (56) are horizontal and are configured to be located adjacent to the fold lines that connect the ridges outside (R) with the side walls (PL) of the box (B). Said horizontal flat end faces (58, 59) are configured in said abutment position to receive pressure from the outer flanges (R) before their bending outward by the male benders (64).

Figs. 5-8 show that each stop (56) comprises a pneumatic cylinder mounted on a bracket (21) supported on the chassis (1). Said cylinder is configured to linearly move a first stop member (57a) provided with a flat nose face (58). This first stop member (57a) is operatively connected to a second stop member (57b) by means of a screw (22) attached to the first stop member (57b) and a spring (20) that holds the second stop member (57b ) in contact against said screw (22) that acts as a cam follower.

Thus, when the cylinder rod exits, the first stop member (57 a) and screw (22) move linearly into the cavity (52), causing the second stop member (57b) to rotate toward the inside. inside the cavity (52). With this, the two flat end faces (58, 59) remain in their stop position.

Figs. 4 to 8 and 11 to 19 show that said male benders (64) are configured to horizontally press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges (R) against two flat end faces (58, 59) in their abutment position with the male (60) inserted into the box (B) in the position of maximum introduction. In this embodiment, each of two mutually facing male benders (64) are configured to press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges (R) against two flat end faces (59), while each of the other two flanges of mutually facing male (64) are configured to press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges (R) against two other flat end faces (58).

Said flat end faces (58, 59) are configured to glue some outer edges (R) with others in their overlapping portions by means of points or glue beads (CC), as shown in Figs. 2 to 4 and 6 to 8.

As the cylinder rod enters, the stop members (57a, 57b) move to a position adjacent to the cavity (52). This movement of the stops (56) from their stop position to their retracted position allows said guiding device to be configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth (55).

Figs. 4-8 show that the male benders (64) are configured to bend the outer flanges with the male (60) in the maximum insertion position, since the stops (56) are located around the cavity (52) in a position further away from the entry mouth (54) than the plurality of first and second benders (51, 53).

Figs. 4 to 8 show that the machine (100) also comprises essentially vertical end faces (C1, C2, C3, C4) integrated in the stops (56), in such a way complementary with chamfered corners of the boxes, configured to press in its abutment position the outer part of the box at each of said corners against two chamfers (62a) that connect each of said flat lateral sides (62) of said male ( 60). Due to these characteristics, said machine (100) is specifically suitable for forming the box of Fig. 3.

In this embodiment, each first stop member (57a) comprises two end faces (C3, C4) forming an angle that helps the bending and gluing of the bending line of a corner chamfer to the box (B), while the The second stop member (57b) comprises two other end faces (C2, C1) forming an angle that helps the bending and gluing of the other bend line of the other chamfer of that same corner of the box (B).

In said machine (100) of Fig. 4 the direction (Z) corresponds to the vertical, leaving the male (60) and the mold (50) aligned according to the vertical, and said inlet and outlet openings (54, 55) remain mutually aligned according to the vertical, so that said guiding device is configured so that the boxes (B) exit below the outlet mouth (55).

Said machine (100) further comprises a conveyor supported on the chassis (1), provided with two horizontal plate guides (40) with an L-shaped cross section, configured to be one on each side of the plate to be transported from a position initial towards its positioning in the entrance mouth (54).

Said machine (100) also comprises four glue injectors (45) supported on the chassis (not shown) and suspended on said guides (40), configured to deposit dots or strands of glue on the plate (P) during its transport in some predetermined areas, to join some side walls (PL) of the box (B) with others and to join some outer edges (R) with others in their overlapping areas. These points or tail beads are shown in the boxes formed in Figs. 1 to 3.

Figs. 4 and 11 to 19 show that said male benders (64) are configured such that a mutually facing pair of male benders (64) first reaches the position of pressure against said flat end faces (58, 59), and the Another pair of mutually facing male benders (64) then reaches the position of pressure against said flat end faces (58, 59).

Said male benders (64) are operatively connected to a male actuator (66) integrated in the male (60), the activation of which is independent of the male actuation (10). Said tap actuator (66) is configured to move said tap benders (64) linearly, each in a direction (D) not aligned with said direction (Z), between a protruding position, where said flat lateral sides (62) protrude outwards, and a retracted position where said flat lateral sides (62) do not protrude outwards. In this first embodiment, each direction (D) is perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z).

Said male actuator (66) is a rotary actuator provided with a rotary shaft (67), specifically, a rotary pneumatic cylinder. Said male (60) further comprises four guides (69) and four conjugate guides (70). Each guide (69) is integral with a male bender (64) and is linearly coupled to run in a corresponding conjugate guide (70). Each conjugate guide (70) is a recess made on each flat lateral side (62). Therefore, the conjugated guides (70) are integral with the flat lateral sides (62). Figs. 11-17 show that said pivot shaft (67) is operatively connected to each core bender (64) to move them linearly between their retracted positions (Figs.

4, 11, 13, and 15) and protrusion (Figs. 12 and 17), providing an expansion or contraction of the male benders (64) with respect to the axis of rotation (67) according to said directions (D).

Said male (60) further comprises four arms (68), each one articulated by its respective proximal end at a respective point integral with the rotation axis (67), and each one articulated at its respective distal end with respect to each male bender (64).

Figs. 11 to 19 show that said male (60) comprises an ejector actuator (75), embodied in a pneumatic membrane actuator, contained in the plane of the flat bottom surface (65), to facilitate the extraction of the male (60) from the box (B) formed.

Figs. 8 and 9 show an alternative embodiment of said machine (100) that comprises all the elements and characteristics of the first embodiment except for some elements and characteristics of the stops (56). Here, the mold (50) comprises four stops (56) with two flat end faces (58, 59) each stop (56), where each flat end face (58, 59) is movable by means of a respective stop actuator (36 ). A stop actuator (36) embodied in a pneumatic cylinder is supported on the bracket (21) is connected to activate the first stop member (57a), while another stop actuator (36) supported on the bracket (21) is connected to activate the first stop member (57a).

According to a second embodiment, Fig. 20 shows that said machine (100) comprises two forming stations supported on a chassis (1), each one equipped with a male (60), a mold (50), and a guiding device, as described in the first embodiment. Said machine (100) further comprises two of said conveyors supported on the chassis (1), where each one is configured to transport plates each of the forming stations, with four glue injectors (45) being suspended on each conveyor.

According to a third embodiment, Figs. 21 to 31 show a said machine (100) comprising some variations with respect to the first embodiment described below.

Said male (80) comprises two elastic elements (71), materialized in helical compression springs, which connect said front side (61) with said rear side (63). Said male (80) comprises dediform rods (72) joined by screws to the front side (61) and aligned according to the direction (Z), operatively connected to pivot each of the male benders (64) around a respective joint (73) in the presence or absence of pressure on the front side (61), between a protruding position (Figs. 27 and 29), where said flat lateral sides (62) protrude outwards, and a retracted position (Figs. 21, 26 and 28) where they do not project outwards from said flat lateral sides (62). The presence or absence of pressure on said front side (61) is determined by its pressure on the bottom of the plate (P).

Figs. 27 to 29 show that said male (80) comprises at least four limiting elements (74), materialized in helical tension springs. Each one of them has its proximal end connected to said front side (61) and its opposite end connected to one of said male benders (64), being compactly integrated in said male (80) by the lateral envelope defined by the flat lateral sides (62), to keep said male benders (64) in a retracted position in the absence of pressure on said front side (61).

According to another alternative embodiment, Figs. 32 and 33 show that said machine (100) comprises all the features and elements of the third embodiment, except that the four limiting elements are not compactly integrated in said tap (85). Here, each coil tension spring has its proximal end connected to the tap drive arm (10) and its opposite end connected to one of said tap benders (64).

Returning to said third embodiment, Figs. 21 to 25 show that in said mold (50) the first and second benders (51, 53) are movable by means of respective actuators benders (31, 33) materialized in pneumatic cylinders, between a bending position shown in Fig. 24, where they are positioned towards the inside of the cavity (52) to bend said side walls attached to the bottom of the box, and a retracted position shown in Fig. 25, where they are positioned towards the outside of the cavity (52) to extract the core (80) from the mold (50). In Fig. 24 the plate (P) guided by the guides (40) is located on the plate entrance mouth (54) and the male (80) descends towards the cavity (52) with the first and second benders (51 , 53) in the bent position, while in Fig. 25, with first and second benders (51, 53) in the retracted position, the core has moved from its position of maximum insertion to an extracted position according to an upward direction.

Figs. 24 and 25 show that said guiding device is configured to support the formed boxes, and its two mutually facing box guides (90) guide the formed boxes (B) through said outlet mouth (55), in a nested arrangement, some with the others, forming a pile of boxes.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, Figs. 4 to 8 and 11 to 19 show a first embodiment of a method for the formation of boxes (B) with flanges (R) located on the upper parts of the side walls (PL) thereof, and bent towards the outside of said boxes (B). This method comprises the stages of:

a) Moving a male (60) linearly in a guided manner according to a direction (Z), from a position of maximum extraction (Fig. 4) where said male (60, 80, 85) is outside a cavity (52) of a mold (50), up to a position of maximum introduction (not shown) wherein said core (60) is inside said cavity (52);

b) pressing a bottom portion of a plate positioned on an inlet mouth (54) to said cavity (52), inserting it into said cavity (52);

c) applying glue dots or cords (CC) to join some side walls of the box with others, which are shown in Figs. 1 to 3;

d) applying dots or strands of glue (CC) on overlapping portions of said outer edges (R) to join some edges (R) with other edges (R), as shown in Figs. 1 to 3;

e) after steps a), b) and c), bend some side walls (PL) attached to the bottom (F) of the box (B) to be formed by means of first and second benders (51, 53) of the mold (50) arranged around said cavity (52) in cooperation with flat lateral sides (62) of said core (60) having the shape of an inverted truncated pyramid (see Figs. 4, 11 and 13);

f) bending the flanges located in the upper part of the side walls towards the outside of the box, by means of male benders (64) mounted on the male (60), facing in pairs, one associated with each of the flat lateral sides (62), which protrude outward from said flat lateral sides (62), first folding the edges (R) of two mutually facing side walls (PL), and then folding the edges of the other two side walls (PL) mutually faced;

g) moving a male (60) linearly in a guided manner according to a direction (Z) from said position of maximum introduction, to said position of maximum extraction;

h) guiding the boxes formed through an outlet opening (55) of said cavity (52), in a nested arrangement, one with the other, forming a stack of boxes, said outlet opening (55) being mutually facing in the direction (Z) to said inlet mouth (54);

i) moving stops (56) mutually facing and arranged around the cavity (52), from a retracted position adjacent to the cavity (52) where they do not interfere with the box (B) to be formed, moving them towards the interior of the cavity (52), up to a stop position where flat end faces (58, 59) of said stops (56) are located adjacent to the bend lines that connect said outer edges (R) with the side walls (PL) of the box (B), and where the flat end faces (58, 59) receive the pressure of the outer flanges (R) before their bending out by the male benders (64);

j) pressing the overlapping portions of said outer flanges (R) by means of the male benders (64) against said flat end faces (58, 59) in their stop position, with the bottom (F) of the box (B) stopped and said male (60, 80, 85) introduced inside the box (B) in the position of maximum introduction, to stick by means of the points or glue cords (CC) applied in stage d) some outer edges (R) with others in their overlapping portions, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3; and

k) after steps i) and j), moving said stops (56) to their retracted position to allow the execution of step h).

In this first embodiment, the step f) of bending said outer edges (R) is carried out with the bottom (F) of the box (B) stopped and the male (60, 80, 85) inserted inside the box (B ) in the position of maximum insertion, which is shown in Figs. 6 to 8.

In this first embodiment of said method, in step a) said direction (Z) corresponds to the vertical direction; and stages c) and d) occur before stages b) and f), and during the horizontal transport of the flat plate (P) in a guided manner, from an initial position towards its positioning in the entrance mouth (54), by means of four glue injectors (45) that apply glue dots or cords (CC) on the flat plate (P) suspended on the horizontal transport direction.

In said method, step f) the bending of said outer flanges (R) is until they coincide with the horizontal and no further, and further comprises step z) of re-bending said outer flanges (R) during placement. of a laminar coating on the upper mouth of the box (B), which improves the horizontal condition of the edges (R) despite the memory of the cardboard.

Also in stage f) of said method, the flanges (R) of two mutually facing side walls (PL) are bent first, on whose overlapping portions the glue beads (CC) of stage d) have been applied, and subsequently the other two flanges (R) which remain glued above said first bent flanges (R) are bent.

Figs. 11 to 19 show that stage f) comprises the stages of:

n) moving said male benders (64), linearly, each according to a direction perpendicular to said direction (Z), from a retracted position where they do not protrude outward from said flat lateral sides (62), to a position of protruding where they project outwards from said flat lateral sides (62), to perform steps f) and j) of bending and pressing said flanges; and

o) moving said core benders (64), linearly, each one according to a direction perpendicular to said direction (Z), from its protruding position to its retracted position to execute step g) of extraction of the core (60, 80, 85) from the mold (50).

These stages n) and / or are executed by a male actuator (66) integrated in said male (60), the activation of which is independent of the displacement of the male of stages a) and g) and of the pressure of the male (60) on the bottom (F) from the box (B).

In this first method embodiment, Figs. 4 to 8 illustrate that it also comprises the step m) of pressing the outer part of the box at each of the corners, by means of essentially vertical end faces (C1, C2, C3, C4) integrated in the stops (56), of complementary shape with said chamfered corners of the boxes of Figs. 2 and 3, and with the stops (56) in the stop position, against two chamfers (62a) in each of the corners that connect each of said flat lateral sides (62) of said male (60).

In a second embodiment of said method, Figs. 21 to 31 show that said method comprises the steps of the first embodiment except for the features described below.

Stage f) also includes the stages of:

p) reducing the separation between the front (61) and rear (63) sides of the male (80) according to said direction (Z), under the pressure of a flat bottom surface (65) of said front side (61) on the bottom (F) of the plate (Figs. 27 and 29);

q) move said male benders (64), articulately, from their retracted position (Figs. 26 and 28) to their protruding position (Figs. 27 and 29) when said separation between front and rear side (61, 63) is reduced ) of step p) to carry out steps f) and j) of bending and pressing said edges; and

r) moving said male benders (64), articulately, from its protruding position to its retracted position when said flat bottom surface (65) stops pressing the bottom (F) of the plate (P).

Said method also comprises the step s) of moving the first and second benders (51, 53), between a bending position (Fig. 24), where they are positioned towards the inside of the cavity (52) to bend said side walls (PL) attached to the bottom (F) of the box (B), and a retracted position (Fig. 25), where they are positioned towards the outside of the cavity (52) to carry out step g) of extraction of the male ( 60, 80, 85) from the mold (50).

In a third embodiment of said method, it also comprises step u) of supporting the boxes (B) formed during step h) by means of a guiding device associated with the mold (50), said step u) comprising the steps of:

w) moving said guiding device, from a support position, where it supports a stack of boxes (B) formed, to a retracted position, where the surface of said outlet mouth (55) is larger than a stack of boxes (B) formed through it; and

x) moving said guiding device, from said retracted position, to a support position, where the surface of the outlet mouth (55) is smaller to support a stack of nested boxes (B) formed.

Claims (13)

1.- Machine (100) for the formation of boxes with flanges located in the upper part of the side walls of the same and folded towards the outside of said boxes, said machine (100) comprising: a chassis (1); a mold (50) supported on said chassis (1), comprising a cavity (52) corresponding to the box to be formed and where a male (60, 80, 85) is insertable, an inlet opening (54) plate to said cavity (52) and an outlet mouth (55) of said formed box cavity (52), mutually facing each other according to a direction (Z), and a plurality of first and second benders (51, 53) arranged around of said cavity (52); a male drive (10) supported on said chassis (1), configured to move said male (60, 80, 85) linearly in a guided manner according to said direction (Z) in opposite directions, between a position of maximum extraction where said male (60, 80, 85) is outside said cavity (52), and a position of maximum insertion where said male (60, 80, 85) is inside said cavity (52); said male (60, 80, 85), supported on a connection support (11) of said male drive (10), aligned with said mold (50) in a direction (Z), and having essentially the shape of a truncated pyramid inverted, said male (60, 80, 85) comprising: a front side (61) and a rear side (63) according to the direction of insertion of the core (60, 80, 85) into the mold (50), and four flat lateral sides (62) arranged mutually facing each other two by two around the arm (11), each of which forms an inclined angle with respect to said direction (Z); and wherein said front side (61) comprises a flat bottom surface (65) configured to press a bottom portion of a plate positioned in said inlet mouth (54) and insert it into the cavity (52), and on said rear side (63) four male benders (64) are mounted, facing each other in pairs, one associated with each of the flat lateral sides (62), and configured to protrude outwards with respect to said flat lateral sides (62 ) and bend outward four flanges located at the upper ends of the side walls of the box; and a guiding device associated with said mold (50), provided with two box guides (90) mutually facing each other, configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth (55); characterized because said mold (50) further comprises stops (56), mutually facing and arranged around the cavity (52), each one activatable by means of one or more stop actuators (36), between a retracted position adjacent to the cavity (52) where they do not interfere with the box to be formed, and a stop position where one or more flat end faces (58, 59) of each of said stops (56) are configured to be located adjacent to the fold lines that connect the outer flanges with the side walls of the box, and said one or more flat flange faces (58, 59) being configured in said abutment position to receive pressure from the outer flanges upon their bending outward by the male benders (64 ); said male benders (64) are configured to press the overlapping portions of said outer flanges against said one or more flat nose faces (58, 59) in their abutting position with the male (60, 80, 85) inserted into the box in the position of maximum introduction, and they are configured to glue some outer edges with others in their overlapping portions by means of points or glue beads; and the movement of the stops (56) from their stop position to their retracted position allows said guiding device to be configured to guide the boxes formed through said outlet mouth (55). 2. - Machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein the male benders (64) are configured to bend the outer edges with the male (60, 80, 85) in the position of maximum introduction. 3. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 1 or 2, where the direction (Z) corresponds to the vertical, leaving the male (60, 80, 85) and mold (50) aligned according to the vertical, and said inlet and outlet openings (54, 55) being mutually aligned according to the vertical, so that said guiding device is configured so that the boxes exit below the outlet mouth (55); and said machine (100) further comprising a conveyor supported on the chassis (1), provided with two horizontal plate guides (40), configured to be one on each side of the plate to be transported from an initial position to its position in the inlet mouth (54), and a plurality of glue injectors (45) supported on the chassis (1) and suspended on said guides (40), configured to deposit points or glue cords on the plate during transport. 4. - Machine (100) according to claim 3, wherein said flat end faces (58, 59) of each of said stops (56) are horizontal and said male benders (64) are configured to horizontally press the portions of overlapping of said outer flanges against said flat end faces (58, 59). 5. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 2 to 4, wherein said male benders (64) are configured such that a pair of mutually facing male benders (64) first reaches the position of pressure against said flat nose faces (58, 59), and the other mutually facing pair of male benders (64) then come to the position of pressure against said flat nose faces (58, 59). 6. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 3 to 5, wherein said male benders (64) are operatively connected to a male actuator (66) integrated in the male (60), whose activation is independent of the drive tap (10), said tap actuator (66) being configured to move said tap benders (64) linearly, each in a direction not aligned with said direction (Z), between a protruding position, where they protrude towards the exterior of said flat lateral sides (62), and a retracted position where they do not protrude or protrude to a lesser extent towards the exterior of said flat lateral sides (62). 7. - Machine (100) according to claim 6, wherein the male actuator (66) is a rotary actuator provided with a rotary axis (67), and said male (60) further comprises four guides (69) and four conjugate guides (70), where each guide (69) is integral or forms part of a male bender (64) and is linearly coupled in a corresponding conjugate guide (70) integral to each flat lateral side (62), and wherein said rotary axis (67) is operatively connected to each core bender (64) to move them linearly between their retracted and protruding positions, providing expansion or contraction of the core benders (64) relative to the rotary axis ( 67). 8. - Machine (100) according to claim 7, wherein said male (60) further comprises four arms (68), each articulated by its respective proximal end at a respective point integral with the axis of rotation (67), and each articulated at its respective distal end with respect to each male bender (64). 9. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 3 to 5, wherein said male (80) comprises elastic elements (71) that connect said front side (61) with said rear side (63), rods (72 ) attached to the front side (61) and aligned according to direction (Z), operatively connected to pivot each of the male benders (64) around a respective joint (73) in the presence or absence of pressure on the front side (61), between a protruding position, in where they protrude outward from said flat lateral sides (62), and a retracted position where they do not protrude or protrude to a lesser extent outward from said flat lateral sides (62). 10. - Machine (100) according to claim 9, wherein said male (60) comprises at least four limiting elements (74), and each of them has its proximal end connected to said front side (61) and its opposite end connected to one of said male benders (64), being compactly integrated in said male (60) to keep said male benders (64) in a retracted position in the absence of pressure on said front side (61). 11. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 3 to 10, wherein said guiding device is configured to support the boxes formed, said guiding device being movable between a retracted position, where the surface of the outlet mouth (55) is larger to allow the fall of a stack of nested formed boxes, and a support position, where the surface of the outlet mouth (55) is smaller to allow the support of a stack of nested formed boxes. 12. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 3 to 11, comprising two forming stations supported on the chassis (1), each equipped with a male (60, 80, 85), a mold (50), and a guiding device; and also comprising two of said conveyors supported on the chassis (1), each one of which is configured to transport plates each of the forming stations, a plurality of glue injectors (45) being suspended on each conveyor. 13. - Machine (100) according to any of claims 3 to 12, further comprising essentially vertical end faces (C1, C2, C3, C4) integrated into the stops (56), in a complementary manner with chamfered corners of the boxes, configured to press into its abutting position the outside of the box at each of said corners against one or more chamfers (62a) connecting each of said flat lateral sides (62) of said plug (60).