ES1227920U

ES1227920U - Protective barrier for hives (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1227920U
Application number: ES201900158U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Rodriguez Francisco Dominguez; Ferreiro Liliana Rosa Rodriguez
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-03-25
Filing date: 2019-03-25
Publication date: 2019-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-25
Also published as: ES1227920Y

Abstract

Protective barrier for hives, which is located on the front of any type of hive, adjusting to the flight zone of the exit entrance to said hive, which is characterized by its structure comprising: - a front drawer (1), internally comprising at least one extractable network (5) and at least one fixed network (6), and which is a drawer opened by its front faces and faces the exit exit hive; - an upper frame (2), which gives continuity to the front drawer (1) and which is located on it; comprising vertical eaves (20) that are fixed to each other by means of at least one horizontal strip (21) in its upper part; - an upper mesh (3), which is fixed along its perimeter to the frame (2); and - an interior screen (4), which is a mesh that is fixed on the inside of the drawer (1). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION

Barrera protectora para colmenas.Protective barrier for hives.

Objeto de la invencionObject of the invention

La presente invencion se refiere a una barrera que tiene una estructura que se ubica en el frontal de cualquier tipologia de colmena, que protege la zona de vuelo a la salida de la piquera de una colmena, donde la estructura se fija a dicha pared frontal de la colmena integrandose en el conjunto de la colmena, y donde la estructura comprende un cajon que tiene una pluralidad de redes fijas y extraibles e impide la entrada de insectos depredadores, como por ejemplo las avispas velutinas, y a su vez, tiene a su vez una serie de mallas externas que impiden que dichos insectos acechen la salida de las abejas.The present invention relates to a barrier having a structure that is located on the front of any type of hive, which protects the flight area at the exit of the entrance to a hive, where the structure is fixed to said front wall of the hive. the hive integrating itself into the hive as a whole, and where the structure comprises a drawer having a plurality of fixed and removable networks and prevents the entry of predatory insects, such as the velutina wasps, and in turn, has in turn a series of external meshes that prevent these insects from stalking the exit of the bees.

El campo de aplicacion de la presente invencion es el sector dedicado a la apicultura, y se centra en el ambito de los diferentes sistemas y medios de protection de las abejas frente a insectos depredadores y/o invasores, como son las avispas velutinas.The field of application of the present invention is the sector dedicated to beekeeping, and focuses on the scope of the different systems and means of protection of bees against predatory and / or invasive insects, such as velutina wasps.

El objetivo es el desarrollo de una solution que sea instalable en cualquier tipo de colmena y que proteja a las abejas del ataque de este tipo de depredadores.The objective is the development of a solution that can be installed in any type of hive and that protects bees from the attack of this type of predators.

Antecedentes de la invencionBackground of the invention

Como bien es sabido dentro del sector relacionado con la apicultura, hay una grave problematica consistente en la devastation que causan especies depredadoras de abejas, y en concreto, existe el gran problema medioambiental producido por el asentamiento de una avispa invasora de origen asiatico, voraz y agresiva, conocida como avispa/vespa velutina. Tambien es conocido por ejemplo los danos que producen otros insectos como el abejaruco.As it is well known in the sector related to beekeeping, there is a serious problem consisting of the devastation caused by predatory species of bees, and in particular, there is the great environmental problem caused by the settlement of an invasive wasp of Asiatic origin, voracious and aggressive, known as wasp / vespa velutina. It is also known for example the damage produced by other insects such as the bee-eater.

Mas alla de los problemas que causa tambien a los apicultores, esta invencion va dirigida a la proteccion de las abejas, y a paliar problemas medioambientales se pueden generar a mediolargo plazo. El problema radica en que a pesar de que se han ideado una gran diversidad de trampas y soluciones donde se destruyen sus nidos, este tipo de insectos tienen una capacidad renegadora de nidos y, ademas, son insectos muy voraces y agresivos, por tanto, no se conocen una unica solucion con la que se haya solventado hasta la fecha esta problematica. Beyond the problems that also cause beekeepers, this invention is aimed at the protection of bees, and alleviate environmental problems can be generated in the medium term. The problem is that although a great diversity of traps and solutions have been devised where their nests are destroyed, this type of insects have a renegade capacity of nests and, in addition, they are very voracious and aggressive insects, therefore, they do not we know a single solution with which this problem has been solved to date.

A modo de ejemplo, y siguiendo con el argumento anterior, se conoce lo divulgado en el documento ES2568947 donde se describe un dispositivo de electrocution selectivo de avispas asiaticas en el que se dispone de un cebo que imita a una abeja, estando el cebo conectado a una fuente de alimentation electrica. Tambien se conocen soluciones donde se explotan los nidos, como por ejemplo el documento ES1176683U donde se describe un cartucho con camara explosiva y un producto para fumigar dicha tipologia de avispa, con los que por lado se pretende destruir los nidos, y por otra atacar las posibles larvas o insectos adultos que pudieran sobrevivir a la explosion del cartucho. Tal como se ha comentado previamente, todas estas soluciones actuan contra la avispa, pero lamentablemente por si solos no consiguen reducir la poblacion de estos insectos.By way of example, and following the previous argument, it is known what disclosed in document ES2568947 where a selective electrocution device of Asian wasps is described in which a bait is available that imitates a bee, the bait being connected to a source of electrical power. Solutions are also known where the nests are exploited, as for example the document ES1176683U which describes a cartridge with explosive camera and a product to fumigate this typology of wasp, with which on one side it is intended to destroy the nests, and on the other attack the possible larvae or adult insects that could survive the explosion of the cartridge. As previously mentioned, all these solutions work against the wasp, but unfortunately, by themselves, they do not reduce the population of these insects.

Cambiando la estrategia de lucha contra estos insectos depredadores, se conocen soluciones que, en vez de luchar contra la avispa, lo que hacen es proteger a las abejas y a su colmena. Por ejemplo, el documento ES1084480U divulga un dispositivo de proteccion para colmenas consistente en una malla de alambre exterior a la colmena, lo cual protege a las abejas de depredadores; o lo divulgado en el documento ES1191184U donde se dispone de mallas modulares que se colocan alrededor de la colmena y/o en la entrada de la colmena, que permiten el paso de las abejas, pero impiden el paso de insectos o animales de gran tamano; o el documento FR3002114 que divulga una malla protectora semejante a las anteriores y que aplica descargas electricas. Estas soluciones han quedado demostradas que por si solas, tampoco sirven contra las avispas velutinas, dado que estos insectos acechan a las abejas a la salida de la piquera, y finalmente atacan del mismo modo a las abejas a su salida.Changing the strategy of fighting against these predatory insects, we know solutions that, instead of fighting against the wasp, what they do is protect the bees and their hive. For example, document ES1084480U discloses a protection device for hives consisting of a wire mesh outside the hive, which protects bees from predators; or what is disclosed in document ES1191184U where modular meshes are available that are placed around the hive and / or at the entrance of the hive, which allow the passage of bees, but prevent the passage of large insects or animals; or document FR3002114 that discloses a protective mesh similar to the previous ones and that applies electric discharges. These solutions have been shown that by themselves, they do not work against the velutina wasps, since these insects stalk the bees at the exit of the runner, and finally attack the bees in the same way when they leave.

Finalmente se conoce lo divulgado en el documento ES1206614U donde se describe una tipologla de colmena que, entre otros, comprende un cajon frontal cuya seccion va decreciendo hasta una seccion que, dado al mayor tamano de la avispa velutina frente a las abejas, impide la entrada de la avispa velutina en la colmena. Sin embargo, esta solucion no sugiere la posibilidad de evitar que dichas avispas o depredadores acechen la salida de la colmena, o que pueda regularse el tamano de salida del cajon en epocas donde las avispas velutinas u otros depredadores no acechan y/o atacan a las abejas.Finally, what is disclosed in document ES1206614U is described where a hive typology is described, which, among others, comprises a frontal box whose section decreases to a section which, given the larger size of the velutina wasp in front of the bees, prevents entry of the velutina wasp in the hive. However, this solution does not suggest the possibility of preventing said wasps or predators from stalking the exit of the hive, or that the size of the box's exit can be regulated in times when the velutina wasps or other predators do not stalk and / or attack the bees

Teniendo en cuenta las soluciones y antecedentes existentes en el estado de la tecnica, la presente invention se centra en el desarrollo una estructura protectora que se puede fijar a cualquier tipologla de colmena existente, con la que se mejora la problematica arriba indicada, dado que por un lado impide la entrada de insectos depredadores, por ejemplo, avispas velutinas, en el interior de la colmena; permite el transito y vuelo de las abejas desde la piquera de salida al exterior; y ademas presenta medios que impiden que estos depredadores acechen la salida de las abejas, dado que no se pueden ocultar tras el tablero de salida, ni pueden ubicarse sobre dicho tablero o bajo dicho tablero. La presente invencion que protege a las abejas y las colmenas, y en combination con cualquiera de los metodos y medios de lucha directa contra las vespas velutinas u otros insectos depredadores previamente descritos, se considera que puede ser una buena solucion tecnica para mejorar y ampliar la poblacion de abejas.Taking into account the existing solutions and antecedents in the state of the art, the present invention focuses on the development of a protective structure that can be fixed to any type of existing hive, with which the aforementioned problematic is improved, given that one side prevents the entry of predatory insects, for example, velutina wasps, inside the hive; it allows the transit and flight of the bees from the exit piquera to the outside; and also presents means that prevent these predators from stalking the exit of the bees, since they can not be hidden behind the exit board, nor can they be located on said board or under said board. The present invention that protects bees and hives, and in combination with any of the methods and means of direct control against vespas or other predatory insects previously described, is considered that it can be a good technical solution to improve and expand the bee population.

Description de la invencionDescription of the invention

La invencion consiste en una barrera protectora que se ubica en la parte frontal de una colmena, en concreto, se encara y se ajusta a la piquera de salida de la colmena, y consiste en una estructura que comprende:The invention consists of a protective barrier that is located in the front part of a hive, in particular, it faces and adjusts to the exit runner of the hive, and consists of a structure comprising:

- un cajon frontal, abierto por sus caras frontales, con una pluralidad de redes que impiden la entrada de insectos depredadores pero que si permiten el transito de abejas, que conecta la piquera de salida de la colmena con el exterior; donde estas redes pueden ser fijas y/o extralbles, de manera que las extralbles pueden cambiar el tamano de su mallado para dependiendo la epoca del ano pueda facilitar mas el transito de las abejas debido a que no hay depredadores activos, o por el contrario ser un mallado mas cerrado que impida la entrada en la colmena;- a front drawer, opened by its front faces, with a plurality of nets that prevent the entry of predatory insects but that do allow the transit of bees, which connects the exit runner of the hive with the outside; where these networks can be fixed and / or extractable, so that extractables can change the size of their mesh for depending on the time of the year can facilitate more transit of bees because there are no active predators, or on the contrary be a more closed mesh that prevents entry into the hive;

- un bastidor superior, que da continuidad al cajon frontal y que se ubica sobre el mismo; que consiste en una estructura con dos aleros verticales que quedan fijados mediante al menos un liston horizontal, cuya termination superior es inclinada, o en forma de pico, hacia el interior evitando que los depredadores se coloquen en dichos cantos, y que sirve para fijar una malla superior (o malla de sombrero) que impide que los depredadores se coloquen sobre la salida del cajon y no acechen a las abejas en su salida; y donde adicionalmente entre los aleros verticales se puede ubicar un tejadillo, preferiblemente inclinado, que proteja la piquera de la colmena de la entrada de agua en caso de lluvia o de la calda de algun objeto;- an upper frame, which gives continuity to the frontal box and which is located on it; which consists of a structure with two vertical eaves that are fixed by at least one horizontal slat, whose upper termination is inclined, or in the form of a peak, towards the interior preventing predators from being placed on said ridges, and which serves to fix a upper mesh (or hat mesh) that prevents predators from being placed on the exit of the box and do not stalk the bees at their exit; and where additionally between the vertical eaves a canopy can be located, preferably inclined, that protects the hutch of the hive from the entrance of water in case of rain or of the broth of some object;

- y una pantalla inferior o faldon mallado, que se fija en la parte inferior del cajon, que tiene un contrapeso en su parte inferior para que quede estable en caso de viento o cualquier otro aspecto ambiental, que impide que los depredadores se escondan debajo de la salida del cajon, y por tanto evitan que aceche a las abejas en la salida de la colmena. - and a lower screen or mesh skirt, which is fixed on the bottom of the drawer, which has a counterweight on its bottom to be stable in case of wind or any other environmental aspect, which prevents predators from hiding underneath. the exit of the cajon, and therefore they avoid that it watches the bees in the exit of the hive.

Cara a poder extraer las redes del cajon, en los laterales del cajon se disponen de hendiduras laterales pasantes verticales que, en combination con unos ranurados o rieles en las caras internas del cajon, permiten la entrada, salida y fijacion de estas redes. En este sentido, dentro del cajon hay al menos una red extralble y al menos una red fija, pudiendo ser el numero tanto de unas como de otras variables segun las necesidades o particularidades que el apicultor requiera.In order to be able to extract the drawer nets, on the sides of the drawer there are vertical lateral side slits which, in combination with grooves or rails on the internal faces of the drawer, allow the entry, exit and fixation of these networks. In this sense, inside the drawer there is at least one extractable network and at least one fixed network, which may be the number of some or other variables according to the needs or particularities that the beekeeper requires.

En una realization de la invention, ademas se dispone de un sanitario o registro extralble a partir de una hendidura horizontal pasante en la parte inferior del cajon. Este permite mejorar la limpieza y mantenimiento del interior del cajon sin interferir en las diferentes redes que estan en su interior.In one embodiment of the invention, there is also a sanitary or extractable record from a horizontal slit through the bottom of the drawer. This allows to improve the cleaning and maintenance of the interior of the drawer without interfering in the different networks that are inside it.

Tanto la malla superior como la inferior se puede fijar a la estructura, en un caso al bastidor superior y en el otro al cajon, por cualquier tipo de medio de union, aunque preferiblemente se realiza a partir de un sistema de cierre rapido tipo velero, lo que permite que pueda ser retirado para realizar labores de mantenimiento, conservacion o reparacion en el caso de que sea preciso.Both the upper and lower mesh can be fixed to the structure, in one case to the upper frame and in the other to the drawer, by any type of joining means, although preferably it is made from a fast closing system type sailboat, which allows it to be removed for maintenance, conservation or repair work if necessary.

Esta estructura se fija frontalmente en cualquier tipo de colmena, de manera que se hace coincidir el cajon con la salida de la piquera, de manera que se puede eliminar la tlpica plataforma de vuelo vertical, y dicho cajon da continuidad a la salida de las abejas de la colmena.This structure is fixed frontally in any type of hive, in such a way that the box is made to coincide with the exit of the runner, so that the typical vertical flight platform can be eliminated, and said box gives continuity to the exit of the bees of the hive.

En una realizacion preferida de la invencion, la red extralble es la que se ubica en el extremo exterior del cajon, de manera que en epocas de actividad elevada de depredadores se introduce una red con un mallado/tamizado pequeno, que permita el transito (salida/entrada) de abejas, pero que impida la entrada de velutinas, abejarucos u otros depredadores. Sin embargo, la presente invencion tiene una gran ventaja consistente en que en epocas de baja/nula actividad de depredadores, se puede ubicar una red con un mallado de mayor tamano que permita mejorar el transito de las abejas, y que incluso permita el paso de la abeja reina y/o los zanganos.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extractable network is the one located at the outer end of the box, so that in times of high activity of predators a network with a small meshing / sieving is introduced, which allows transit (exit / entry) of bees, but that prevents the entry of velutina, bee-eaters or other predators. However, the present invention has a great advantage in that in times of low / no activity of predators, a network with a larger mesh can be located to improve the transit of bees, and even allow the passage of the queen bee and / or the drones.

Por su parte, a lo largo del cajon hay una pluralidad de redes fijas, que permiten el paso comodo de abejas, pero que, por si, impiden la entrada de un depredador en cualquier momento. Estas redes son varias para que en el caso de que la red exterior extralble no sea lo suficientemente eficaz en su funcion, el depredador se quede encajado entre las redes fijas, y pueda morir por el esfuerzo o agotamiento de entrar e intentar salir del cajon. En una realizacion preferente de la invencion se colocan al menos tres redes fijas distribuidas entre la salida de la piquera (o extremo inicial del cajon) y la red extralble.On the other hand, along the drawer there is a plurality of fixed networks, which allow the comfortable passage of bees, but which, in itself, prevent the entry of a predator at any time. These networks are several so that in the event that the extractable external network is not efficient enough in its function, the predator will get stuck between the fixed networks, and may die by the effort or exhaustion of entering and trying to exit the box. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least three fixed networks are placed distributed between the outlet of the runner (or initial end of the box) and the extractable network.

Las redes fijas quedan fijas en el contorno del cajon, de forma preferente, los extremos o contorno de las redes quedan insertados en un ranurado transversal dispuesto en las caras internas, y que permiten que, tras su introduction y sellado, estas redes queden fijas y puedan aguantar golpes o el transito de las abejas.The fixed networks are fixed in the contour of the drawer, preferably, the ends or contour of the networks are inserted in a transverse groove disposed on the internal faces, and that allow, after their introduction and sealing, these networks are fixed and can withstand blows or transit of bees.

Adicionalmente, en una realizacion de la invencion, en el interior del cajon se puede disponer de un barrote separador de redes, que mejora la estabilidad del conjunto.Additionally, in an embodiment of the invention, inside the drawer can be provided with a separating grid barrier, which improves the stability of the assembly.

El material de la estructura puede ser variable, pudiendo adecuarse al material de la colmena, es decir, puede ser de madera tratada para aguantar a la intemperie, o puede ser de materiales plasticos. De manera preferente, la estructura es opaca para no estresar a las abejas en su vida normal. The material of the structure can be variable, being able to adapt to the material of the hive, that is to say, it can be of treated wood to withstand outdoors, or it can be of plastic materials. Preferably, the structure is opaque so as not to stress the bees in their normal life.

En una realization preferente de la invention, esta estructura puede ir en combination de cualquier tipo de sistema en el que las colmenas ya estan de por si protegidas exteriormente por una red/malla perimetral. De esta forma, tambien se evita que se puede acechar lateralmente, aunque esta estudiado que estos depredadores tienen atacar a las abejas con un movimiento vertical. Esta es la razon por la cual se dispone en la propia estructura objeto de la presente invention un faldon inferior y una malla superior.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this structure can be in combination of any type of system in which the hives are already protected externally by a network / perimeter mesh. In this way, it is also avoided that you can stalk laterally, although it is studied that these predators have attacking the bees with a vertical movement. This is the reason why a lower skirt and an upper mesh are arranged in the structure of the present invention.

La altura o ancho de la estructura tambien es variable para adecuarse a la dimension de la piquera de salida de la colmena. Su longitud tambien es variable, aunque se recomienda tenga al menos 10 cm de longitud, dado que esta estudiado que es una longitud en la cual ciertos depredadores, como la velutina, tienden a no entrar en un espacio confinado; es lo suficientemente largo como para que las abejas no salgan a defender la colmena dado que no consideran que dicha abertura sea la entrada de la colmena; y esa distancia a su vez es lo suficiente cercana como para que las abejas puedan entrar y salir de una manera natural.The height or width of the structure is also variable to adapt to the size of the exit runner of the hive. Its length is also variable, although it is recommended to have at least 10 cm in length, since it is studied that is a length in which certain predators, such as the velutina, tend not to enter a confined space; it is long enough so that the bees do not go out to defend the hive since they do not consider that this opening is the entrance to the hive; and that distance in turn is close enough so that bees can enter and exit in a natural way.

Entre las particularidades de la presente invention esta que la estructura externa es opaca para no estresar a las abejas en su vida normal, y la estructura interna es transparente para poder observar de una manera rapida si hay algun problema o si hay suficiente miel o no, de tal menara que extrayendo los cajones exteriores se puede ver la parte interna de la colmena, y a su vez se puede extraer las diferentes partes de la estructura interna en caso de necesidad. Among the particularities of the present invention is that the external structure is opaque so as not to stress the bees in their normal life, and the internal structure is transparent to be able to observe in a quick way if there is a problem or if there is enough honey or not, in such a way that by removing the outer drawers you can see the internal part of the hive, and in turn you can extract the different parts of the internal structure if necessary.

Se ha de tener en cuenta que a lo largo de la description y las reivindicaciones la palabra «comprende» y sus variantes no pretenden excluir otras caracterlsticas tecnicas, anadidos o componentes.It must be taken into account that throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants do not intend to exclude other technical features, added or components.

Ademas, con el objeto de completar la description y de ayudar a una mejor comprension de las caracterlsticas del invento, se presenta un juego de figuras y dibujos en donde con caracter ilustrativo y no limitativo se representa lo siguiente:Furthermore, in order to complete the description and to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of figures and drawings is presented wherein, with illustrative and non-limiting character, the following is represented:

Fig.1 es un dibujo en perspectiva libre de la barrera protectora para colmenas objeto de la presente invencion.Fig. 1 is a free perspective drawing of the protective hive barrier object of the present invention.

Fig.2 es una vista frontal del conjunto de la barrera protectora.Fig.2 is a front view of the protective barrier assembly.

Fig.3 es una vista lateral o alzado del conjunto de la barrera, donde se puede observar como se dispone respecto de la colmena.Fig.3 is a side or elevation view of the barrier assembly, where you can see how it is arranged with respect to the hive.

Fig.4 es un dibujo en perspectiva de la barrera donde no se representa ninguna de las mallas y redes, es decir, no se representa la malla superior o de sombrero, la pantalla inferior o faldon mallado, ni las redes fijas ni extralbles del cajon.Fig.4 is a perspective drawing of the barrier where none of the meshes and nets are represented, that is, the upper mesh or hat, the lower screen or mesh skirt, or the fixed or extractable nets of the drawer are not represented. .

Fig.5 es un dibujo en perspectiva y de detalle del cajon de la barrera protectora.Fig.5 is a perspective and detail drawing of the drawer of the protective barrier.

Fig.6 es una representation esquematica de la ubicacion de las distintas redes comprendidas dentro del cajon.Fig.6 is a schematic representation of the location of the different networks within the drawer.

Fig.7 es un dibujo en perspectiva libre de una realization del cajon donde no se dispone ni de tejadillo ni de sanitario.Fig.7 is a free perspective drawing of a realization of the drawer where neither a roof nor a toilet is available.

Description detalla de las figuras de la inventionDetailed description of the figures of the invention

En las Figuras 1 a 3 se puede observar una realization preferente de la invention, donde se puede observar que la invention consiste en una barrera protectora que se ubica en la parte frontal de una colmena (C), en concreto, se encara y se ajusta a la piquera (P) de salida de la colmena (ver Fig.3), y su estructura comprende:In FIGS. 1 to 3, a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed, where it can be observed that the invention consists of a protective barrier located in the part of the invention. front of a hive (C), in particular, faces and fits the runner (P) exit of the hive (see Fig.3), and its structure comprises:

- un cajon frontal (1), que comprende al menos una red extralble (5) y al menos una red fija (6), siendo en el caso de esta realization preferente 3 redes fijas (6), que tienen la funcion de impedir la entrada de insectos depredadores pero que si permiten el transito de abejas, y donde las redes extralbles (5) pueden cambiar el tamano de su mallado para dependiendo la epoca del ano pueda facilitar mas el transito de las abejas debido a que no hay depredadores activos, o por el contrario ser un mallado mas cerrado que impida la entrada en la colmena;- a front box (1), comprising at least one extractable network (5) and at least one fixed network (6), being in the case of this preferred embodiment 3 fixed networks (6), which have the function of preventing the entry of predatory insects but that allow the transit of bees, and where the extractable networks (5) can change the size of their mesh for depending on the time of the year can facilitate more transit of bees because there are no active predators, or on the contrary to be a more closed meshing that prevents entry into the hive;

- un bastidor superior (2), que da continuidad al cajon frontal y que se ubica sobre el mismo;- an upper frame (2), which gives continuity to the front drawer and which is located on it;

que comprende de manera preferente dos aleros verticales (20) que quedan fijados mediante al menos un liston horizontal (21) en su parte superior, cuya termination o cantos superiores son inclinados (22), o en forma de pico, hacia el interior evitando que los depredadores se coloquen en dichos cantos,which preferably comprises two vertical eaves (20) which are fixed by at least one horizontal strip (21) in its upper part, whose termination or upper edges are inclined (22), or peak-shaped, towards the inside avoiding that the predators are placed in said songs,

- una malla superior (3), tambien denominada malla de sombrero, que queda fijada mediante un sistema de fijacion rapido (31) tipo velero a lo largo de su perlmetro al bastidor (2), y que tiene la fundon de impedir que los depredadores se coloquen sobre la salida del cajon y no acechen a las abejas en su salida; y- an upper mesh (3), also called hat mesh, which is fixed by means of a quick fixation system (31) type sailboat along its perimeter to the frame (2), and which has the function to prevent predators they are placed on the exit of the drawer and do not watch the bees in their exit; Y

- una pantalla inferior (4) o faldon mallado, que se fija en la parte inferior del cajon (1) mediante un sistema de fijacion rapido (41) tipo velero, que tiene un contrapeso (42) en su parte inferior para que quede estable en caso de viento o cualquier otro aspecto ambiental, que impide que los depredadores se escondan debajo de la salida del cajon, y por tanto evitan que aceche a las abejas en la salida de la colmena.- a lower screen (4) or mesh skirt, which is fixed in the lower part of the drawer (1) by means of a quick fixation system (41) type sailboat, which has a counterweight (42) in its lower part to be stable in case of wind or any other environmental aspect, which prevents the predators from hiding under the exit of the box, and therefore prevents them from stalking the bees at the exit of the hive.

De forma adicional, y de manera preferente, tal y como se puede ver en estas figuras, y de manera muy clara en la Figura 4, en el bastidor superior (2) se puede disponer de un tejadillo (7), preferentemente inclinado, que protege el cajon (1) de la lluvia o de cualquier calda de objetos.Additionally, and preferably, as can be seen in these figures, and very clearly in Figure 4, in the upper frame (2) can have a canopy (7), preferably inclined, which protects the drawer (1) from the rain or from any drop of objects.

Tambien se puede observar en todas estas figuras que el cajon (1) puede comprender un sanitario extralble (8) en su parte inferior, que es un registro, que permite mejorar las labores de limpieza y mantenimiento del interior del cajon (1) sin interferir en con ninguna de las redes ubicadas en su interior.It can also be seen in all these figures that the drawer (1) can comprise an extractable toilet (8) in its lower part, which is a register, which allows to improve the cleaning and maintenance of the interior of the drawer (1) without interfering in with none of the networks located inside.

En la Figura 4, y principalmente la Figura 5, se puede observar que cara a poder extraer las redes internas del cajon, en los laterales del cajon (1) se disponen de hendiduras laterales pasantes (50 - 60) verticales, que en combination con unos ranurados (51 - 61) o rieles en las caras internas del cajon, permite la entrada, salida y fijacion de estas redes (5 - 6). Como se ha comentado, con anterioridad, en concreto hay al menos una red extralble (5) que es introducida a traves de una hendidura pasante (50) que queda abierta en uno de los laterales del cajon. En cuanto a las redes fijas (6), inicialmente se introducen a traves de sendas hendiduras (60) que posteriormente son selladas, y por tanto, no son visibles (por ejemplo, Figura 1) posteriormente cuando todo queda encuadrado dentro del conjunto. Tambien, como se ha comentado con antelacion, en una realizacion de la invention, ademas se dispone de un sanitario extralble (8) a partir de una hendidura horizontal pasante (80) en la parte inferior del cajon, con la que se mejora la limpieza y mantenimiento del interior del cajon.In Figure 4, and mainly Figure 5, it can be seen that in order to be able to extract the internal networks of the drawer, on the sides of the drawer (1) there are vertical side slots (50-60), which in combination with some grooves (51 - 61) or rails on the internal faces of the drawer, allows the entry, exit and fixation of these networks (5 - 6). As previously mentioned, in particular there is at least one extractable network (5) that is introduced through a through groove (50) that remains open in one of the sides of the drawer. As for the fixed networks (6), initially they are introduced through two slits (60) that are subsequently sealed, and therefore, are not visible (for example, Figure 1) later when everything is framed within the set. Also, as mentioned before, in one embodiment of the invention, there is also an extractable toilet (8) from a horizontal through-hole (80) in the lower part of the drawer, with which the cleaning is improved and maintenance of the interior of the drawer.

En la Figura 6 se puede observar la distribution, de acuerdo a la realizacion preferente de las figuras anteriores, de las diferentes redes dentro del cajon (1). En este caso, hay una red extralble (5), mientras que hay un total de 3 redes fijas (6). Tal como se ha indicado a lo largo de la description, la invention comprende al menos una red extralble y al menos una red fija, pudiendo ser el numero tanto de unas como de otras variables segun las necesidades o particularidades que el apicultor requiera.Figure 6 shows the distribution, according to the preferred embodiment of the previous figures, of the different networks inside the box (1). In this case, there is an extractable network (5), while there are a total of 3 fixed networks (6). As indicated throughout of the description, the invention comprises at least one extractable network and at least one fixed network, which may be the number of some or other variables according to the needs or particularities that the beekeeper requires.

Finalmente, en la Figura 7 se observa otra realization de la invention en la que la barrera comprende el cajon (1) con una pluralidad de redes fijas y extralbles, un bastidor (2) sobre el cajon, una malla superior (3) fijada al bastidor (2), y una pantalla inferior (4), y en esta realization no se dispone del tejadillo (7) ni del sanitario (8) debido a que la configuration de la colmena no lo requerla. Esto demuestra la gran versatilidad de la barrera objeto de la invention, la cual se puede amoldar a las necesidades de los apicultores y a cualquier tipologla de colmena. Finally, in Figure 7 another embodiment of the invention is observed in which the barrier comprises the drawer (1) with a plurality of fixed and extractable networks, a frame (2) on the drawer, an upper mesh (3) fixed to the frame (2), and a lower screen (4), and in this realization is not available the roof (7) or the toilet (8) because the configuration of the hive does not require it. This demonstrates the great versatility of the barrier object of the invention, which can be adapted to the needs of beekeepers and any type of hive.

Claims

1. Protective barrier for hives, which is located on the front of any type of hive, adjusting to the flight zone of the outlet of said hive, which is characterized by its structure comprises:

- a front drawer (1), internally comprising at least one extractable network (5) and at least one fixed network (6), and which is a drawer opened by its front faces and faces the outlet exit of the hive;

- an upper frame (2), which gives continuity to the front drawer (1) and which is located on it; comprising vertical eaves (20) that are fixed to each other by at least one horizontal strip (21) in its upper part;

- a top mesh (3), which is fixed along its perimeter to the frame (2); Y

- a lower screen (4), which is a mesh that is fixed in the lower part of the drawer (1).

2. - Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper frame (2) comprises a roof (7) between its vertical eaves (20).

3. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 2, characterized in that the roof is inclined.

4. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that on one lateral side of the drawer (1) there is at least one vertical slit (50) that remains open and through which it is inserted and extracted each extractable network (5).

5. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the drawer (1) there is a horizontal through passage (80) that remains open and through which an extractable toilet is inserted and extracted. (8)

6. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper mesh (3) is peripherally joined to the frame (2) by means of a fast fixation system (31) type sailboat.

Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower screen (4) is fixed to the lower part of the drawer (1) by means of a fast fastening system (41) type sailboat.

8. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower screen (4) has a counterweight (42) in its lower part.

9. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper edges of the frame (2) have an inclined (22) or peak-shaped termination.

10. Protective barrier for hives, according to claim 1, characterized in that on the internal faces of the box (1) there are grooves (51-61) where the extractable networks (6) and the fixed networks (5) are fitted. .