ES1188508U - Tank truck for anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Tank truck for the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, said truck comprising: A cryogenic cistern (10) comprising: - a sealed inner compartment (11), defined by interior walls, resistant to high pressures, said inner compartment (11) being sealed a cylindrical section closed by its two opposite ends by spherical or rounded caps, defining said cylindrical section in its center a longitudinal cistern shaft (e) lying in the direction of transport; y An exterior sealed compartment (12), defined by exterior walls, which houses inside the interior compartment (11), the interior walls of the interior compartment (11) being spaced from the outer walls of the exterior compartment (12) defining between said walls inside and outside an insulating chamber (13), wherein said insulating chamber (13) is maintained in a total or partial vacuum, wherein the outer walls of said outer compartment (12) are parallel to the interior walls of the interior compartment ( 11) in most of the cryogenic cistern (10); Anchoring means (40) of the tank (10) to a tractor truck, said anchoring means (40) being located under the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10) in its anterior half; a chassis (20) attached to the sealed outer compartment (12) of said cryogenic tank (10); and at least two pairs of wheels (30) facing their axes perpendicular to the transport direction, said wheels (30) having the same diameter and said wheels (30) being coupled to said chassis (20) by means of a suspension system, defining the axes of said wheels (30), under uniform inflation and when the trailer is on a flat floor, and connected to a tractor truck by the anchoring means, a chassis support plane (p); characterized in that the cistern axis (e) forms, in the transport direction, an angle between 2º and 3.5º with respect to said chassis support plane (p), so that the rear portion of the cistern ( 10) cryogenic remains at a lower level than the front portion thereof. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Tank truck ¡: the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention concerns the field of tank trucks for the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons, hydrogen at high or low temperature and at any pressure by means of their displacement of self-propelled jib,

autonomous, dragged, robot hoisted (drone) of transport. The tank truck may be for the use of the supply, distribution of said hydrocarbons, gases and / or for the proper operation of the propulsion system, truck engine (tractor unit). This type of tank truck consists of a tank, tank, tank formed by a compartment where an alloy in the form of a mesh or spheres with anti-explosive properties is housed. Said tank or tank is attached, incorporated into a chassis that supports at least two pairs of wheels, and anchors, attached to a body to produce its drag, displacement and transport. These tanks, tanks may be located partially, totally in any position and even submerged inside the chassis of the truck itself and / or be mixed with the transport of other products, goods such as truck trains used in Australia in which is a tractor head which drags several platforms, axles, semi-rigid, and which could also drag a cistern with hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, LPG, LNG, but at the same time being able to even supply independent, dual, simultaneous hydrocarbons , gases to the propulsion system, engine of the truck itself to increase its autonomy, reduction in operating costs, drastic reduction of environmental impact and without the risk of explosion for any reason.

The alloy in the form of a mesh or spheres that is incorporated into the compartment or structure of the tank, is confoollated by the body of the alloy. This is formed by sheets of perforated material, these are provided by at least one arc of a plurality of polygonal openings, and at least one of those polygonal openings is irregular with respect to at least one contiguous polygonal opening and having a surface area per unit volume of

about 4,200 times the contact surface of stored fluids found in

a container container, tank, tank and have a heat conduction capacity of at least about 0.023 CaVcm-sec.

It should be noted that, preferably that the peripheral internal length of one of the openings is different from the peripheral internal length of at least one of the adjacent openings, and, in addition,

The invention preferably has a compression field not exceeding 8%.

With the invention, the problem of transporting cryogenic fluids at high pressure and low temperature is solved, without any danger of explosion.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION State of the art Cisterns for the transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases of the type described are now known, provided with a cryogenic type cistern formed by an inner compartment and an outer compartment separated by an insulating chamber subjected to total vacuum or partial to

Anti-vaporization isolation mode. These types of tanks contain liquefied gases at pressures above atmospheric pressure and at temperatures below temperature.

atmospheric

The geometry of this type of cryogenic type tanks is limited by its resistant and safety requirements, as well as by road transport regulations.

This results in the need to create a tank, cistern of any geometry, but the most feasible is the cylindrical shape with its ends closed by spherical or rounded caps and at the same time can be filled with the anti-vaporization alloys of the invention. This geometry provides unique safety, anti-explosive and

In addition to high resistance to internal pressure and an optimized transport volume for transport within the maximum dimensions allowed for the transport of goods.

However, having the front part supported on a truck chassis determines an elevated position of said tank truck, which implies a high center of gravity that can be unstable and cause accidents. That is why solutions are required

that allow to lower the center of gravity of the tankers. With the introduction of anti-vaporization alloys inside the cylinder another great safety advantage is obtained which it is the drastic reduction of water hammer / liquid movement (liquid sloshing) which It allows maximum operational safety and maximum reduction in the possibility of returning.

With this solution the capacity of the transport is not reduced, of the volume of liquids in volume transported by being less than 0.5% -1.5% the loss of the volume transported by the use of these alloys. It facilitates its construction by not requiring the incorporation of screens or anti-movement barriers of metal liquids inside, and allows maximum resistance structural to be completely firm structurally and reduces the possibility of these structures for the reduction of the liquid lighter.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION The present invention concerns a tank truck for transporting cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons that at any pressure and / or temperature by dragging, displacement for transport by a tractor unit, truck engine which is filled of an alloy in the form of mesh and / or spheres with anti-vaporization, anti-algae properties, anti-explosive and anti-static which avoids the possibility of explosion accidentally, fortuitous and / or deliberate-terrorist, criminal.

The alloy in the form of a mesh or spheres that is incorporated into the compartment or structure of the tank.

Specifically in relation to figures 1 and 2, a sheet of conductive material is used of heat, which preferably has the physical properties mentioned above, having the sheet a generally flat configuration, with a thickness ranging from 0.01 mm to about 0.1 mm, preferably from about 0.02 mm to about 0.06 mm,

or from about 0.02 mm to about 0.05 mm.

The alloy body in the form of a sheet, mesh, net, spheres of the material of the invention is made of a material of good conductivity in order to prevent, cancel, suppress, reduce, any type of damage or attacks of harmful origin, corrosive and / or bacteriological.

The heat conductivity should be at least about 0.023 CaVcm-sec., Particularly for materials that have a specific density of about 2.8 g / cm3 to about 19.5 g / cm3, and preferably from around 0.023 to around

0.95 CaVcm-seq, particularly for materials that have a specific density of about 2.8 g / cm3 to about 19.5 g Icm3.

The nominal heat conductivity is around 2.36 Watt / cm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 T.K.

(Kelvin degrees) for aluminum.

The following materials can be used as penitent candidates or as subjects

Premiums depending on the application. Namely:

-Silver 4.28 Wattlcm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 T.K. -Gold 3,2018 Wattlcm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 TK.

-Copper 4.1 Wattlcm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 T.K., -Nobium, Nb, 41, -lnconeI600, 625, 690, 718, 75 1,792, 939 -Nickel, Ni, 28

-Nimonic 90, lOO, l05, 11 5 -Chrome, Cr, 24 -Moleybdeum, Mo, 42 -Moleybdeum (MoS2) -Hafium, Hf, 72

-Hafnium Oxide (Hf02) -Vermiculite (Mg, Fe, AI) 3 (Al Si) 4 O 10 (O H2) 4 (H20) -Monel, 400, 401, 404, K-500, R-405 and polymer material.

For a material density, for example, of 2.7 g / cm3 (Aluminum); 10.5 g / cm3 (Silver), 19.3 g / cm3 (Gold), 8.92 g / cm3 (Copper), 7.86 g / cm2 (stainless steel) or 0.9 to 1.5 g / cm3 (material of polymer).

It is desirable that the sheet of material be relatively chemically inert to the contents container closed or open, encapsulated, molded or in housings for installation / clamping ¡application for the usable life of the container and / or the period of residence

of the contents in the container.

Materials must be common or special metallic metals, such as Niobium, inconel, monel, vermerculite, titanium, nickel, Hafium, Ninomic, aluminum, magnesium, copper, gold, silver or stainless steel, or non-metallic, such as plastic materials or polymers

A thin sheet of material used in the present discovery, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, as an example, comprises a sheet of material 10 having a plurality of parallel lines P (Figure 3) of elongated rectangular openings (12), preferably grooves.

Each rectangular opening (12) And each line P of rectangular openings (12) extends parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the sheet.

Each rectangular opening (12) in a line P of rectangular openings (12) is spaced with respect to the preceding rectangular opening (12), and the rectangular opening (12) that follows it through an intermediate network (14) of solid and Unperforated sheet of material.

In summary, to proceed longitudinally along the line P of rectangular openings (12), there is a rectangular opening (12) followed by an intermediate network (14), followed by a rectangular opening (12), followed. by an intermediate network (14), and so on.

When forming a sheet with polygonal openings, the intermediate networks (14) of the adjacent lines of the rectangular openings are outside with respect to each other, in such a way, that when proceeding transversely through the sheet following a line T perpendicular to the central axis of the sheet and passing through an intermediate network (14) of a contiguous longitudinal line P of rectangular openings (12), taking into account the following:

to.

The transverse line (7) must pass through the rectangular opening (12) of the next adjacent longitudinal line P of the longitudinal openings (12).

b.

then, it must pass through an intermediate network (14) of the next adjacent longitudinal line P of the longitudinal openings (12).

C.

then, it must pass through the rectangular opening (12) of the next adjacent longitudinal line of longitudinal openings, etc.

the

In this way, rectangular openings (1 2) that are longitudinally understood alternate with intermediate networks 14 transversely across the sheet (10). It is preferable that the length of each rectangular opening extending longitudinally, when passing along a transverse line T of rectangular openings (12), is different from the length of the rectangular opening (12) that precedes it and the length of the rectangular opening

(12) that follows her.

In other words, the length of each rectangular opening (12) that extends longitudinally is preferable to be different from the length of the next adjacent rectangular opening (1 2) that extends longitudinally in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet, and also, with respect to each rectangular opening (12), the length of each of the four closest rectangular openings (12) in the two closest longitudinal lines P of rectangular openings (12) should preferably be also different from that of the rectangular opening (12).

The lengths of the respective longitudinally extending rectangular openings (12)

in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet, they must be random with respect to each other and alternatively, the lengths of each respective longitudinally extending rectangular opening (12) must be progressively increased in length by one transverse line T across the width of the sheet or decrease in length.

In an alternative embodiment, the lengths of each longitudinally extending rectangular opening (12) is progressively increased in length in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet and the lengths of each rectangular opening (12) extending longitudinally in the next transverse line T decreases progressively in length across the width of the sheet.

The nominal length of the openings (12) ranges from about 10 mm to about 15 mm, desirably from about 12 mm to about 15 mm, and preferably from about 13 mm to about 15 mm.

Thus, an opening of 10 nun is followed by a 10.033 mm opening, followed by a 10.06 mm opening, and the width of each rectangular opening, or groove, must be from about 0.02 mm to 0.06 nun, preferably from about 0.03 mm to about 0.05 mm and preferably from about 0.04 mm to about 0.05 mm.

The spacing between the arches of openings should be varied based on the properties of the material used for the sheet.

The intermediate network between openings, in turn, ranges from about 2.5 mm to about 4.5 mm, and thus a 3 mm intermediate network must be followed by a 3.5 mm, followed by a 4 mm

In this way, the irregularity is induced in the expanded perforated sheet and by its configuration produces a resistance to settlement and compaction.

A thin sheet of the material used in the invention, as illustrated in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, becomes an expanded and perforated sheet (or with windows) of the material (20) of the invention , and is provided with a plurality of plurilateral or polygonal openings (22), such as that illustrated with hexagonal openings, and at least one of the polygonal openings is irregular with respect to at least one of the polygonal openings adjoining

For example, the sum of the lengths of the inner edges of the faces of a polygonal opening (22), for example lengths (22a), (22b), (22e), (22d), (22e), and (221) of Figure 9, determines a peripheral internal length of a polygonal opening (22) and the peripheral internal length of each polygonal opening (22) when proceeding along a transverse line T of polygonal openings (22), must be different from the inner peripheral length of the polygonal opening that precedes it and the inner peripheral length of the polygonal opening (22) that follows it. (Figure 8).

In other words, the peripheral internal length of each polygonal opening (22) is different from the peripheral internal length of the next contiguous polygonal opening (22) in a transverse line across the width of the sheet.

Furthermore, with respect to each polygonal opening (22), the inner peripheral length of each of the four closest polygonal openings (22) in the two longitudinal lines, closest to polygonal openings (22), should preferably also be different from the polygonal opening (22).

The peripheral internal lengths of the respective polygonal openings (22) in the transverse line T across the width of the sheet must be random with respect to each other and alternatively, the peripheral internal lengths of each respective polygonal opening ( 22), should increase progressively in peripheral internal length in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet or decrease.

In an alternative embodiment, the peripheral internal lengths of each respective polygonal opening (22) progressively increase in length in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet and the internal peripheral lengths of each respective polygonal opening (22) in the following transverse line T progressively decrease in length across the width of the sheet.

The term quot; irregularquot ;, as used herein in the context of the peripheral internal length of at least one of the openings that is unequal to the peripheral internal length of at least one contiguous opening, means that the numerical value of the inequality of the peripheral internal length with respect to the other peripheral internal length, is greater than the variation in peripheral internal length produced by the variation in manufacturing or the inherent variation of the manufacture.

While the irregularity of at least one. Polygonal opening with respect to at least one contiguous polygonal opening has been described in terms of peripheral internal length of at least one of the openings that is unequal to the peripheral internal length of at least one contiguous opening, it should be understood that irregularity can also be produced in other ways, such as having a different number of sides of the polygon (such as a pentagon or a hexagon with respect to the hexagon) or in the length of one side of a polygonal opening that is different from the corresponding side of a contiguous polygonal opening (ie, greater than the variation or tolerance of the manufacturing as indicated above) Or the angle between two adjacent sides of a polygonal opening is different from the corresponding angle between the two corresponding sides of a contiguous polygonal opening, for example, respective lengths of the side edges of the openings may not all be the same, (i.e. at least one side may not have the same length as any of the other sides, so it provides an opening that has the configuration of an irregular polygon).

Thus, when expanded, perforated sheets are placed one above the other, it is not possible to align the polygonal openings and fit into each other, settling and thereby reducing the effective thickness of the multiple sheets (20).

An expanded and perforated sheet (or with windows) of the material (20) of the present invention preferably has a compression field or compaction resistance (i.e. permanent deformation under a compression weight) of not more than 8%. Ideally, however, there is essentially no compression field in its use.

The expanded and perforated sheet of the material (20) is formed by tensioning sheets of grooved material (10) on wide wheels of different diameters placed so that the output of the sheet of material can be regulated to an additional width between 50% and 100% of the width of the sheet of starting material, so as to ensure that the resulting openings fOffilen a plurality of polygonal openings (22) as described above.

The expanded and perforated sheet of the material (20) desirably has a surface area per unit volume from at least 4,200 times the contact surface of the liquids / vapors, polluting or non-contaminating emissions, liquids, hydrocarbons contained in the closed containers of any type including pipes, tanks, cisterns particularly to inhibit, suppress, reduce, boiling liquids and preferably increasing 4,200 times the contact surface of flammable liquids / vapors and gases contained in closed containers or means of transport of said products such as hydrocarbons, gases, liquids, polluting or non-polluting emissions.

The Tennino "contact surface"; refers to the surface area of the container that is in contact with the gas phase, aerosol or vaporization of hydrocarbons, gases, liquids, pollutant or non-polluting emissions contained in the container, tank, chimney, gas pipelines, etc.

Normally, the flammable liquids (liquid, steam, aerosol or gas) are in contact with areas of the surface of the walls of the container where the flammable fluid, combustion, hydrocarbons and the insertion of the sheets of finished, expanded and perforated material are located increases the surface area in contact with the flammable liquid and gases at least about 4,200 times the contact surface area, preferably at least about

4,200 times this contact surface area.

In one presentation, the expanded and perforated sheet of the material (20) that is used in the present invention, and which is illustrated in (Figure number 13) as an example, can be

configured as a shape comprising a body (lOO) with an external shape or configuration generally spheroidal.

The internal configuration of the body (100), generally spheroidal, comprises at least one strip of the expanded and perforated sheet of the aforementioned material, which is folded and / or curled and hollowed to form the said spheroidal fonna.

The generally spheroidal shape can be formed using a section of the expanded and perforated sheet of the material of a proportional size about 20% of the width of the expanded and perforated sheet of material.

The external spherical perimeter of the spheroid (lOO) encloses a volume and the surface area of the material contained within that spherical perimeter, that is, within the spheroid (100), subject to the design requirements of the application, is at less 1.5 square cm per cubic cm of said volume or wider if required. The surface area of the material must be at least 4,200 times the contact surface of liquid and gases contained in the container that encloses the flammable fluid, in particular to inhibit, suppress, reduce, liquids or polluting or non-contaminating emissions.

Preferably, e] spheroid (100) has a compression field or compaction resistance, that is, permanent defomulation under compression, not exceeding 8%.

The structural strength of the final product can be modified according to the heat treatment used in the manufacturing process of the raw material.

In an alternative embodiment of this invention, the expanded and perforated sheet of the material

(20) which is used in this invention, as illustrated in Figures 10, 11 and 12 by way of example, is provided with a wavy or sinusoidal transverse wave (42) formed therein and the sheet of material (40). ) wavy, expanded, pierced, being helically introduced in a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical shape is generally circular in cross-section, and generally rectangular in longitudinal section, and in a later version of this cylindrical presentation, a sheet of flat, expanded, perforated material must be folded into the cylindrical shape. In a new form, the sheet of perforated material must be folded into the cylindrical form, so that depositions of sheets of the expanded material are formed and

flat or wavy hole in the cylindrical shape.

Due to the undulation (42) formed in the sheet of material (40), with the sheet of material

(40) helically folded, the undulation (42) causes an increase in the effective diameter of the cylinder and thus, the area of the effective surface contained within a certain external spherical perimeter of the cylinder is increased, providing a wide inclusion of volume in cylinders with low mass and high internal effective area.

It is desirable that the cylinder has a compression field, or resistance to compaction, that is, permanent deformation under compression, not exceeding 8%, and, nevertheless, ideally, during use there is essentially no compression field .

The sheet of non-perforated material (1), from which it is split, must be provided as a continuous, non-perforated network of material sheet, and then, the rectangular openings (12), or grooves, are formed in the continuous network in the configuration described above, as they may be cracked, and in that case, the grooved net (10) must be expanded transversely by transversely tensioning the sheet of material (10), as above a wheel positioned in such a way as to regulate the exit of the sheet of material with an additional width of 50% to 100% of the width of the sheet of raw material, so as to ensure that the resulting holes form a plurality of irregularly polygonal openings (22), such as It has been cited above.

The aforementioned is achieved by adjusting the position and tension of the expansion wheel of the production machine, and in doing so, the result is the ability to have the walls of the finished panel model more or less erect and, therefore, increase The compression force of the expanded material perforated sheet (20) finished.

Optionally, the expanded and perforated net (20) can have a transverse sinusoidal sling (42) formed therein and the shape of the sling (42) is introduced or impressed on the lengths of the sheet of material (20) as a series of curls or slings (42) transverse along the length of the net that appear deep when the finished product is wound.

The cylindrical shapes can be made by spherical winding of the sheets of expanded and perforated material referred to above.

The spheroidal fofils (100) can be made by feeding the sheets of the material (20) to which a plurality of arcs have been provided with a plurality of parallel openings (22), of

which the longitudinal center is parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the sheet, introducing said sheet into a machine that has a mechanical contraption comprising two concave semicircular sections that work in opposition to each other, and these concave sections (the mobile central and the one that covers it, fixed opposite concave) can have a variable radius with a concave working edge.

The central part of the wheel-shaped gadget with the outer part similar to the rim of a bicycle, rolls 360 ° with a concave working edge with a friction surface, and the rotation of the feed sheet in the form of a circular tubular cylinder against the rough surface of the opposing mechanical contraptions, the mobile central and the external fixed, causing the material fed in a cylindrical tube, to be rolled and spheroidal.

It will be understood that the term any pressure at pressures of any range without limitation. The word high pressure refers to a pressure above atmospheric pressure, typically several multiples of atmospheric pressure, and the term low temperature refers to temperatures below the usual atmospheric temperature, typically temperatures below _20 ° C, or tens or hundreds of degrees below this temperature.

These pressure and temperature conditions allow certain substances that are maintained in a gaseous state under conditions of atmospheric pressure and temperature to be stored and transported in a liquid state and therefore occupying a much lower volume, making transport much more efficient.

The proposed tank truck comprises, in a usual way in the sector:

.! A sealed inner compartment, defined by inner walls, resistant to high pressures, said sealed inner compartment having a cylindrical section closed by its two opposite ends spherical or rounded caps, said cylindrical section defining at its center an axis of the longitudinal tank truck laid in the transport direction filled with the anti-explosive alloys.

.! A sealed outer compartment, defined by outer walls, which houses the inner compartment inside, the inner walls of the inner compartment being distanced from the outer walls of the outer compartment defining between said inner and outer walls a chamber.

./ insulator, wherein said insulating chamber is maintained at a total or partial vacuum, where the outer walls of said outer compartment are parallel to the inner walls of the inner compartment in most of the tank truck.

The proposed tanker truck also includes: ./ a chassis attached to the sealed outer compartment of said tanker truck; ./ at least two pairs of wheels facing each other with their axes perpendicular to the

direction of transport, said wheels having the same diameter and said wheels being coupled to said chassis by means of a suspension system, defining the axles of said wheels, under a uniform inflation and when the vehicle is on a flat floor, a support plane of chassis, and

./ a means for anchoring the tank to a tractor, engine, truck cabin, said anchoring means being located under the exterior compartment of the truck in its front half and connected to a tractor, truck engine head.

./ Being able to:

o The tank inside the tank can be distributed throughout the truck.

o Tanker trucks may be located both inside and above the truck chassis and / or by any model, installation design and incorporation of the tank both laterally, inferiorly, horizontally, vertically and even being able to be located on the roofs, roofs of The wagons of both merchandise, passengers.

o Tank tanks can be connected to more than one motor and operate individually, dual, auxiliary.

o The tank, deposited inside the tank truck may have an inclination angle of between 0.0 I% -15% if said inclination angle is required to improve the use of hydrocarbons, load sharing reasons in the chassis or for reasons aerodynamics

o This possibility of tilting the tanks can be done according to the design and final location of the filled tanks of the alloy in the form of mesh / spheres.

As it will be obvious to the expert, between the inner and outer compartments there will be supports and anchors that allow the inner compartment to be held inside the outer compartment and separated from it, said supports and anchors being designed to prevent the creation of algae bridges between both compartments.

The total or partial vacuum maintained in said chamber will be filled with alloys in mesh format and / or anti-vaporization spheres will perform the functions of thermal and anti-explosive insulation

which will allow maintaining the temperature of the interior compartment in cryogenic, gaseous, liquefied conditions during transport without requiring refrigeration equipment and without the possibility of explosion externally and / or internally even by penetration of explosive, incendiary and / or penetrating bullet into the most extreme cases.

The chassis supports at least two pairs of wheels in its rear half, connected to the chassis by a usual suspension system of the usual type. Each pair of wheels are arranged symmetrically on opposite sides of the tank truck and, in conditions on wheels by a signature, their respective axes are coaxial. The successive pairs of wheels have the same arrangement and meet their respective axes parallel to the described wheel axles, jointly defining a chassis plane that ideally will be parallel to the flat ground on which the wheels settle.

The present invention also proposes that the tanker truck axle form, in the direction of transport, a recommended angle, but not limited even by increasing or reducing its lateral, vertical and / or horizontal fOffila angle between 0.01 ° and 15 ° with respect to said chassis support plane, so that the rear and / or front, side portion of the tank truck is at a lower or higher level than the front portion thereof

These recommended features allow the rear end of the tank truck to be placed in a lower position than usual in the sector, which in turn affects a decrease in the center of gravity of the tank without having to reduce its capacity and without changing the height of the anchoring means of the truck on which the tank truck is supported. The descent of the center of gravity has a greater stability of the tank truck during its transport, and therefore a safer and even more filled transport of the alloys of this invention which drastically reduces vaporization, water hammer and the possibility of explosion quality.

According to a further embodiment, said chassis includes at least two parallel and opposite structural bars between which the outer compartment of the tank truck is partially housed. This allows the distance between the rear of the tank truck and the flat ground to be reduced, partially fitting it into the chassis, thus reducing the center of gravity of the entire truck chassis. In the present example, the free distance between said two structural bars is greater than 1300mm, for example, 1400mm.

Said two parallel and opposite structural bars are proposed to be parallel to the chassis support plane, and parallel to the cistern axis

How the position of said parallel structural bars with respect to the chassis support plane will be understood will be given in the conditions described in which the load of the wheels of all the wheels is identical and the trailer is on a flat floor and coupled to a machine , engine, tractor unit With different conditions, the wheel suspension system would change the position of the wheel axles, alternating the reference of the chassis support plane. However, in this case the support plane of the chassis obtained under the conditions initially described would be maintained, even if the position of the wheel axles is modified.

According to another additional or alternative proposed embodiment of the tank truck, the chassis includes at least two facing wedge structural elements between which the outer compartment of the tank truck is partially housed, each wedge structural element including at least one upper edge parallel to the axis of cistern, and at least one lower edge parallel to the chassis support plane. Said wedge structural elements allow the rest of the chassis and wheels to be connected to the tanker truck defining the aforementioned inclination greater than 0.01 ° thanks to its wedge geometry. Said wedge structural elements may be a continuous element disposed on each side of the cryogenic tank, or they may be a succession of spacers of different heights located on either side of the cryogenic tank which, together, define said two structural elements in Wedge faced.

The wedge structural elements may be combined with the aforementioned two parallel bars facing each other.

It is also proposed that the tank truck being by means of said anchoring means and on said flat floor, the lowest point of the outer compartment of the tank truck, in the truck chassis, without being limited, but it is recommended that it be less than 150 cm from said flat floor, preferably less than 10 cm.

Preferably, the tank truck will have a length equal to or greater than 15 meters, but the use of tank truck is not limited in order to have the possibility of incorporating smaller tanks inside the tank truck itself and even having tanks distributed throughout the truck according to operational needs.

It will be understood that references to geometric position, such as parallel, perpendicular, tangent, etc. they admit slight deviations from the theoretical position defined by said nomenclature.

It will also be understood that any range of values offered may not be optimal in their extreme values and may require adaptations of the invention for said extreme values to be applicable, said adaptations being within the reach of one skilled in the art.

Other features of the invention will appear in the following detailed description of an embodiment.

Brief description of the figures

The foregoing and other advantages and features will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, which should be taken by way of illustration and not limitation, in which:

Figure number 1.-Corresponds to a plan view of a sheet of the material used in the invention corresponding to suppression, reduction and inhibitor sheets, reducing the speed of propagation of wave type in any type of fluid.

Figure number 2.- Shows an elevated side view taken in cross-section of the object reflected in figure number l.

Figure number 3.-Corresponds to an upper plane of a perforated sheet of the invention.

Figure number 4.-Shows a side elevation view of the object reflected in figure number

3.

Figure number 5.- Reflects a side view in longitudinal section of the object represented in figure number 3.

Figure number 6. - It shows an upper plane of an expanded and perforated sheet of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 7.- Represents an elevated side view in cross section of the object shown in figure number 6.

Figure number 8.-Corresponds to an enlarged top view of a portion of the object represented in figure number 7.

Figure number 9.- Again corresponds to an elevated side view in cross section of the object reflected in figure number 8.

Figure number 10.-Corresponds to a plane of the top view of a corrugated sheet, expanded and perforated of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 11.- Reflects an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object represented in figure number 10.

Figure number 12.-Corresponds to an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object shown in figure number 10.

Figure number 13.-Finally represents an elevated side view of a spheroidal shape made in accordance with the alloy body. Expanded and perforated blade of the alloy body.

Figure nllDlero 14. It shows a side view of a tanker truck in which we explain the parts and places of installation of the alloy body.

Figure number 15.- Shows a side view of the proposed trailer according to a preferred embodiment provided with three pairs of wheels connected to the trailer chassis, the trailer being connected to a tractor truck filled with the anti-explosive alloys.

Figure number 16. - It shows the same as Fig. 15, but without showing the tractor truck;

Figure number 17.- Shows a cross section of the proposed trailer according to the same preferred embodiment shown in Figure 15, said section being made by a position coinciding with the chassis and with a pair of wheels.

Figure number 18.-Tank truck filled with alloys in the form of mesh / spheres.

Figure number 19.-Tank truck chassis.

Figure number 20.-External body of the tank truck.

Figure number 21.-Internal anti-vaporization body.

Example of realization:

The alloy in the form of a mesh or spheres that is incorporated into the compartment or structure of the cistern is confined by the body of the alloy. This is formed by sheets of perforated material, they are expanded and perforated sheet of the material (20) that is used herein.

invention, and which is illustrated in (Figure number 13) as an example, can be configured as a shape comprising a body (100) with an external shape or configuration generally spherical gone1.

The internal configuration of the body (100), generally spheroidal, comprises at least one strip of the expanded and perforated sheet of the aforementioned material, which is folded and / or curled and hollowed to form the said spheroidal fonna.

The generally spheroidal shape can be formed using a section of the expanded and perforated sheet of the material of a proportional size about 20% of the width of the expanded and perforated sheet of material.

The external spherical perimeter of the spheroid (100) encloses a volume and the surface area of the material contained within that spherical perimeter, that is, within the spheroid (100), subject to the design requirements of the application, is at minus 1.5 square cm per cubic cm of said volume OR wider if required. The surface area of the material must be at least 4,200 times the contact surface of flammable fluids contained in the container / tank that encloses / supports / contains the flammable fluid, in particular to inhibit, suppress, reduce, contaminating liquids or emissions or non-polluting

Preferably, the spheroid (100) has a compression field OR compaction resistance, that is, permanent deformation under compression, not exceeding 8%.

The structural strength of the final product can be modified according to the technical treatment used in the manufacturing process of the raw material.

In an alternative embodiment of this invention, the expanded and perforated sheet of the material

(20) which is used in this invention, as illustrated in Figures 10, II and 12 by way of example, is provided with a wavy or sinusoidal transverse wave (42) formed therein and the sheet of material ( 40) wavy, expanded, pierced, being helically inserted in a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical shape is generally circular in cross-section, and generally rectangular in longitudinal section, and in a later version of this cylindrical presentation, a sheet of flat, expanded, perforated material must be folded into the cylindrical shape. In a new form, the sheet of perforated material must be folded into the cylindrical shape, so that sheet depositions of the expanded and flat or corrugated material are formed in the cylindrical shape.

Due to the undulation (42) formed in the sheet of material (40), with the sheet of material

(40) helically folded, the undulation (42) causes an increase in the effective diameter

of the cylinder and thus, the area of the effective surface contained within a certain external spherical perimeter of the cylinder is increased, providing a wide inclusion of volume in cylinders with low mass and high internal effective area.

It is desirable that the cylinder has a compression field, or resistance to compaction, that is, permanent deformation under compression, not exceeding 8%, and, nevertheless, ideally, during use there is essentially no field Of compression.

The alloy body in the sheet of unperforated material (1), from which it is split, must be provided as a continuous, unperforated web of material sheet, and then, the rectangular openings (12), or grooves, they are formed in the continuous network in the configuration described above, as they can be cracked, and in that case, the grooved net (10) must be expanded transversely by transversely tensioning the sheet of material (10), as above a wheel positioned such that it regulates the exit of the sheet of material with an additional width of 50% to 100% of the width of the sheet of raw material, so as to ensure that the resulting holes form a plurality of polygonal openings (22) irregularly, as mentioned above. Also with the possibility of expanding said material by passing it through rubber wheels that increase its separation with the desired width achievement.

The aforementioned is achieved by adjusting the position and tension of the expansion wheel of the production machine, and in doing so, the result is the ability to have the walls of the finished panel model more or less erect and, therefore, increase The compression force of the expanded material perforated sheet (20) finished.

Optionally, the expanded and perforated net (20) can have a transverse sinusoidal sling (42) formed therein and the shape of the sling (42) is introduced or impressed into the lengths of the sheet of material (20) as a series of curls or slings (42) transverse along the length of the net that appear deep when the tenninated product is wound.

The cylindrical shapes can be made by spherical winding of the sheets of expanded and perforated material referred to above.

The spheroidal shapes (10) can be made by feeding the sheets of the material (20) to which a plurality of arcs have been provided with a plurality of parallel openings (22), of which the longitudinal center is parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the sheet, introducing said sheet into a machine that has a mechanical contraption comprising two concave semicircular sections that work in opposition to each other, and these concave sections (the mobile central and the one covering it, fixed opposite concave) can have a variable radius with a concave work edge.

The tanks that transport hydrocarbons, gases, chemical products, in metal, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, plastic fibers of any dimension or uses, are characterized by the fact that it comprises the following phases:

-

Manufacture, by drawing, of the two half-bodies of steel (la) and (lb), one of which has a hole (Ic) in which the fitting is welded.

-

Introduction of the diffuser element (3) inside the bottle (1) by means of its introduction in the form of mesh rolls placed inside each one of the half-bodies at the moment prior to the realization of the joint welds thereof .

-

Application of welding points with the corresponding tooling.

-

Oven annealing process for tensioning.

In view of the figures or drawings made, you can see:

Figure number 1.-Corresponds to a plan view of a sheet of the material used in the invention corresponding to suppression, reduction and inhibitor sheets, reducing the speed of propagation of wave type in any type of fluid.

Figure number 2.- Shows an elevated side view taken in cross-section of the object reflected in figure number l.

Figure number 3.-Corresponds to an upper plane of a perforated sheet of the invention.

Figure number 4.-Shows a side elevation view of the object reflected in figure number

3.

Figure number 5.- Reflects a side view in longitudinal section of the object represented in figure number 3.

Figure number 6. - It shows an upper plane of an expanded and perforated sheet of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 7.- Represents an elevated side view in cross section of the object shown in figure number 6.

Figure number 8.-Corresponds to an enlarged top view of a portion of the object represented in figure number 7.

Figure number 9.- Again corresponds to an elevated side view in cross section of the object reflected in figure number 8.

Figure number 10.-Corresponds to a plane of the top view of a corrugated sheet, expanded and perforated of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 11.- Reflects an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object represented in figure number 10.

Figure number 12.-Corresponds to an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object shown in figure number 10.

Figure number 13.-Finally represents an elevated side view of a spheroidal shape made in accordance with the alloy body. Expanded and perforated sheet of the alloy body.

Figure number 14. It shows a side view of a tank truck in which we explain the parts and places of installation of the alloy body.

Figure IS shows a side view of the proposed trailer according to a preferred embodiment provided with three pairs of wheels connected to the trailer chassis, the trailer being connected to a tractor truck filled with the anti-explosive alloys

Figure number 16.- shows the same as Fig. 15, but without showing the tractor truck;

Figure number 17.- shows a cross section of the proposed trailer according to it

preferred embodiment shown in Figure 15, said section being made by a position coinciding with the chassis and with a pair of wheels.

Figure number 18.-Tank truck filled with alloys in the form of mesh / spheres. a) Side view b) Top view c) Rear view.

Figure number 19.-Tank truck chassis. a) Latera view l b) Rear view.

Figure number 20.-External body of the tank truck a) Side view l b) Top view c) Rear view.

Figure number 21.-Internal anti-vaporization body. a) Latera view l b) Top view e) Rear view.

Figures 15, 16 and 17 show an exemplary non-limiting embodiment of a trailer with anti-explosive properties for transporting cryogenic fluids at high pressure and low temperature by being dragged in a transport direction by a tractor truck as shown in Fig. 15, the transport direction being the forward direction of the tractor truck.

The tractor truck will be of the usual type for the transport of trailers and serna-trailers, formed by a cabin and a rear platform on which to support part of the weight of the trailer or serna-trailer to be transported.

The trailer shown in the present embodiment (Fig. 15 and 16) consists of a cryogenic tank filled with anti-explosive alloys in mesh / sphere format formed by an outer compartment 12, defined by an outer wall, containing an inner compartment 11, defined by an inner wall, the outer and inner walls of both outer 12 and inner 11 compartments being separated and spaced apart by means of spaced apart intended to reduce the thermal transmission therethrough. The space between the two compartments constitutes an insulating chamber 13 filled with the anti-explosive alloys. This nested two-compartment construction is shown in the section in Fig. 16.

The inner compartment 11 is resistant to high pressures to contain liquefied fluids in cryogenic state without the possibility of explosion. To achieve this resistance with a low weight, the geometry of the interior compartment 11 is optimized, which is proposed to consist of a cylindrical body of approximately 235 cm in diameter and approximately 18 meters in length that defines a cistern axis E at its center, the cylindrical body being closed at its two ends by rounded caps. The result is an elongated compartment with high resistance to internal pressure.

The outer compartment 12 completely envelops said inner compartment 11, reproducing its geometry, but with a larger size, its outer walls being parallel to the inner walls of the inner compartment 11 in most of said outer compartment 12, for example, between 5 and 10 cm away

Under said cryogenic tank 10, anchoring means 40 for articulated fixing and towing of the trailer by a tractor truck is fixed in its anterior half. This type of anchoring means 40 is standardized and is usually used in all trailers of this type. They will typically consist of a descending vertical stud ending with a projection attached to the trailer, and a pivoting platform equipped with a wedge-shaped centerpiece that culminates in a housing complementary to the aforementioned vertical stud protrusion.

Under The rear half of the trailer, in the direction of transport, a chassis 20 is located which, in the present embodiment, consists of two parallel structural bars 21, for example, two standardized profiles with section in line and joined to opposite sides of the rear outer half of the outer compartment 12, said outer compartment 12 being partially housed between said two parallel structural bars 21.

The connection between each of the parallel structural bars 21 and the outer compartment 12 is produced by a wedge structural element 22, consisting of an element of increasing section in the transport direction. Said wedge structural element 22 is welded to the outer compartment 12 by its upper end along a line parallel to the cistern axis E, and is welded to the corresponding structural bar 21 by its lower end along its length. As the structural element of cut1.a 22 of increasing section, the two parallel structural bars 21 do not remain parallel to the cistern axis E, but form an angle equal to the inclination of the wedge structural element 22. In this example, said inclination is 2, 54 °.

The rest of the chassis 20 are fixed on the two parallel structural bars 21, where the suspension systems of three pairs of parallel wheels 30 are anchored, with three wheels 30 arranged on each side of the Ique oar, in its rear half. The six wheels 30 will be identical and, under conditions of equal pressure and on a flat floor, the rowing being supported on a tractor truck by its anchoring means 40, the axles of the wheels 30 will define a chassis support plane P.

In the present embodiment, the inclination of the two parallel structural bars 21 with respect to the cistern axis E has been calculated so that said two structural bars 21 are parallel to the chassis support plane P under the indicated conditions.

As a result of the described characteristics a trailer is obtained that includes a cistern

Cryogenic with its posterior end lower than its anterior end, in transport conditions, the lowest point of said cistern being less than 90 cm from the flat floor. This reduces the center of gravity of the trailer, offering more safe transport conditions.

Another embodiment, not shown, contemplates that the two parallel structural bars 21 are directly welded to the outer compartment 12 in a position parallel to the cistern axis E, and that under said stationary bars 2 1 the wedge structural elements 22 that will be increasing in the transport address To said wedge structural elements 22 is

it would join the rest of the chassis and the suspension systems of the medas 30. In this case the structural bars 21 would be parallel to the cistern axis E, and not to the support plane of the chassis P.

In a further embodiment not shown it is proposed to dispense with the structural bars 21 and use only the wedge structural elements 22 of increasing section in the direction

20 transport.

As is evident, the trailer will include other elements to allow the safe filling and emptying of the cryogenic tank 10, such as conduit systems, valves, etc., as well.

25 as security elements for transport, such as bumpers, lights, signals, etc.

Claims (9)

1. Tanker truck mra anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, said truck comprising: a cryogenic cistern (10) comprising: ./ a sealed inner compartment (1 1), defined by inner walls, resistant to high pressures, said inner compartment (11) having a cylindrical section closed at its two opposite ends by spherical or rounded caps, said cylindrical section defining its center a longitudinal cistern axis (E) lying in the direction of transport; Y ./ a sealed outer compartment (12), defined by outer walls, which houses inside the inner compartment (1 1), the inner walls of the inner compartment (11) being distanced from the outer walls of the outer compartment (12) defining between said inner and outer walls an insulating chamber (13), wherein said insulating chamber (13) is maintained at a total or partial vacuum, wherein the outer walls of said outer compartment (12) are parallel to the inner walls of the inner compartment (1 1) in most of the cryogenic tank (10); anchoring means (40) of the tank (10) to a tractor truck, said anchoring means (40) being located under the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (ID) in its anterior half; a chassis (20) attached to the outer compartment (12) sealed from said tank

(10)

cryogenic; and at least two pairs of wheels (30) facing each other with their axes perpendicular to the direction of transport, said wheels (30) having the same diameter and said wheels being

(30)

coupled to said chassis (20) by means of a suspension system, defining the axles of said wheels (30), under a uniform inflation and when the trailer is on a flat floor, and connected to a tractor truck by the anchoring means, a chassis support plane (P); characterized in that the cistern shaft (E) forms, in the direction of transport, an angle between 2 ° and 3.50 with respect to said chassis support plane (P), so that the rear portion of the cistern

(10)

Cryogenic is at a lower level than the front portion of it.

2.-Tanker truck ¡: nra the transport anti-vaporization of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to claim I characterized in that the chassis

(twenty)

It includes at least two parallel and opposite structural bars (21) between which the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10) is partially housed.

3. Tanker truck: the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, according to claim 2, characterized in that said two parallel and opposite structural bars (21) are parallel to the support plane of chassis (P). 4.-Tanker truck ¡: nra the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, according to claim 2 characterized in that said two parallel and opposite structural bars (21) are parallel to the cistern axis ( AND). S.-Tanker truck ¡: nra the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, according to claim characterized in that the chassis (20) includes at least two wedge structural elements (22) facing each other which partially houses the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic cistern (10), each wedge structural element (22) including at least one upper edge parallel to the cistern axis (E), and at least one lower edge parallel to the chassis support plane (P). 6.-Tanker truck ¡: nra the transport anti-vaporization of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the trailer is anchored to a tractor truck by means of said anchoring means (40) and on a flat and horizontal floor, the lowest point of the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (IO), at the rear of the trailer, is less than IDO cm from said flat floor. 7. Tank truck: the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cryogenic tank (10) has an equal length greater than 12 meters. Being able to understand several smaller tanks or tanks inside the same tank truck. 8.-Tanker truck ¡: nra the transport anti-vaporization of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cryogenic tank (ID) has an equal diameter greater than 230 cm. 9.-Tank truck ¡: the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cryogenic tank (10) can have an angle tilt between  0.0 1% -15%. 10. Tank truck for the anti-vaporization transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cnogenic tank (10) has in its structure about material fabrics 10 holes comprising: ./ at least one arc of a plurality of polygonal openings, ./ at least one of those polygonal openings is irregular with respect to at least one contiguous polygonal opening and having a surface area per unit volume of about 4,200 times the contact surface of the flammable fluids that are in a container and that have a conduction capacity of heat of at least about 0.023 CaVcm-sec. ./ a density ranging from 2.8 g / cm3 to about 19.5 g / cm3. ./ a compression field of the sheets not exceeding 8%. ./ act as yanti-static Gallic anode.