ES1181784U - Tank truck for anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, high pressure or low pressure hydrocarbons (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high or low pressure, said truck comprising: a cryogenic tank (10) comprising: - a watertight interior compartment (11), defined by interior walls, resistant to high pressures, said watertight interior compartment (11) having a cylindrical section closed at its two opposite ends by spherical or rounded caps, said cylindrical section defining its center a longitudinal cistern axis (E) lying in the transport direction; and - a watertight outer compartment (12), defined by outer walls, which houses the inner compartment (11) inside, the inner walls of the inner compartment (11) being spaced from the outer walls of the outer compartment (12) defining between said inner and outer walls an insulating chamber (13), where said insulating chamber (13) is maintained at a total or partial vacuum, where the outer walls of said outer compartment (12) are parallel to the inner walls of the inner compartment (11) in most cryogenic tanks (10); anchoring means (40) of the tank (10) to a tractor truck, said anchoring means (40) being located under the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10) in its front half; a chassis (20) attached to the watertight outer compartment (12) of said cryogenic tank (10); and at least two pairs of wheels (30) facing each other with their axes perpendicular to the transport direction, said wheels (30) having the same diameter and said wheels (30) being coupled to said chassis (20) by means of a suspension system, defining the axles of said wheels (30), under uniform inflation and when the trailer is on a flat floor, and connected to a tractor truck by the anchoring means, a chassis support plane (P); characterized in that the tank axis (E) forms, in the transport direction, an angle of between 2º and 3.5º with respect to said chassis support plane (P), so that the rear portion of the tank (10) cryogenic remains at a lower level than the front portion thereof. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

image 1

Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high or low pressure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention concerns the field of tank trucks for the antipyretic transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons, hydrogen at high or low temperature and at any pressure by means of their movement in a self-propelled, autonomous, dragged, robotic (drone) way of transport. The tanker may be for the use of the supply, distribution of said hydrocarbons, gases and / or for the proper operation of the propulsion system, engine of the truck (tractor head). This type of tank truck consists of a tank, tank, tank formed by a compartment where an alloy in the form of mesh or spheres with anti-explosive properties is housed. Said tank or tank is attached, incorporated to a chassis that supports at least two pairs of wheels, and to some anchoring means, fastening to a body to produce its dragging, movement and transport. Said tanks, tanks may be located partially, totally in any position and even submerged within the chassis of the truck itself and / or be located in a mixed way with the transport of other products, merchandise as in the truck trains used in Australia in which there is a tractor head which drags several platforms, axles, semi-rigid, and which could also drag a tanker with hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, LPG, LNG, but at the same time being able to supply these hydrocarbons independently, dual, simultaneously , gases to the propulsion system, the truck's own engine in order to increase its autonomy, reduction in operating costs, drastic reduction in environmental impact and without the risk of explosion from any cause.

The alloy in the form of mesh or spheres that is incorporated in the compartment or structure of the tank, is made up of the body of the alloy. This is formed by sheets of perforated material, these are provided by at least one arc of a plurality of polygonal openings, and at least one of those polygonal openings is irregular with respect to at least one contiguous polygonal opening and presenting a surface area per unit volume of a container, container, tank and that have a heat conduction capacity of at least about 0.023 Cal / cm-sec.

image2

image3

It should be noted that, preferably, the peripheral internal length of one of the openings is different from the peripheral internal length of at least one of the adjacent openings, and, furthermore, the invention preferably has a non-superior compression field at 8%.

The invention solves the problem of transporting cryogenic fluids at high pressure and low temperature, without the danger of explosion.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION State of the art

Currently, cisterns are known for the transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases of the type described equipped with a cryogenic type cistern formed by an inner compartment and an outer compartment separated by an insulating chamber subjected to total or partial vacuum as thermal insulation. These types of tanks contain liquefied gases at pressures above atmospheric pressure and at temperatures below atmospheric temperature.

The geometry of this type of cryogenic type tanks is limited by their resistant and safety requirements, as well as by road transport regulations.

This leads to the need to create a tank, a tank of any geometry, but the most viable being the cylindrical one with its ends closed by spherical or rounded caps and at the same time being able to be filled with the anti-thermal alloys of the invention. This geometry provides unique safety and anti-explosive properties, as well as great resistance to internal pressure and an optimized transport volume for transport within the maximum dimensions allowed for the transport of goods.

However, the fact of having the front part supported on a chassis of the truck determines a raised position of said tanker truck, which implies a high center of gravity that can be unstable and cause accidents. That is why solutions are required image4 drastic reduction of water hammer / movement of liquids (liquid sloshing) which allows maximum operational safety and maximum reduction of possibility of return.

image5

With this solution, the transport capacity is not reduced, the volume of liquids in volume transported, since the loss of the volume transported by the use of said alloys is less than 0.5% -1.5%. It facilitates its construction by not requiring the incorporation of screens or anti-movement metal liquid barriers in its interior, and allows maximum structural resistance to be completely structurally sound and reduces the possibility of these structures by reducing the impact of the water hammer. liquids.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention concerns a tank truck for transporting cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons that at any pressure and / or temperature by dragging, displacement for transport by a tractor head, truck engine which is filled with an alloy in mesh shape and / or spheres with anti-thermal, anti-algae, anti-explosive and anti-static properties which avoid the possibility of accidental, fortuitous and / or deliberate-terrorist, criminal explosion.

The alloy in the form of mesh or spheres that is incorporated in the compartment or structure of the tank.

Specifically in relation to Figures 1 and 2, a sheet of heat-conducting material is used, which preferably has the physical properties indicated above, the sheet having a generally flat configuration, with a thickness ranging from 0.01 mm up to about 0.1mm, preferably from about 0.02mm to about 0.06mm,

or from about 0.02mm to about 0.05mm.

The body of the alloy in the form of a sheet, mesh, net, spheres of the material of the invention is manufactured with a material of good conductivity in order to prevent, cancel, suppress, reduce, any type of damage or attacks of harmful origin, corrosive and / or bacteriological.

The heat conductivity should be at least about 0.023 Cal / cm-sec, so

particularly for materials with a specific density of around 2.8 g / cm3 image6

image7

image8

0.95 Cal / cm-seq, particularly for materials having a specific density of about 2.8 g / cm3 to about 19.5 g / cm3.

The nominal heat conductivity is around 2.36 Watt / cm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 T.K. (degrees Kelvin) for aluminum.

The following materials can be used as allowable candidates or as raw materials depending on the application. Namely: -Silver 4.28 Watt / cm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 T.K. -Gold 3.2018 Watt / cm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 T.K. -Copper 4.1 Watt / cm-degrees (Kelvin) at 273 TK, -Nobium, Nb, 41, -Inconel 600, 625, 690, 718, 751,792, 939 -Nickel, Ni, 28 -Nimonic 90, 100, 105 , 115 -Chrome, Cr, 24 -Moleybdeum, Mo, 42 -Moleybdeum (MoS2) -Hafium, Hf, 72 -Hafnium Oxide (HfO2) -Vermiculite (Mg, Fe, Al) 3 (Al Si) 4 O 10 ( O H2) 4 (H20) -Monel, 400, 401, 404, K-500, R-405 AND polymer material.

For a material density, for example, 2.7 g / cm3 (Aluminum); 10.5 g / cm3 (Silver), 19.3 g / cm3 (Gold), 8.92 g / cm3 (Copper), 7.86 g / cm3 (stainless steel) or 0.9 to 1.5 g / cm3 (polymer material).

It is desirable that the sheet of material be relatively, chemically, inert to the contents of the closed or open container, encapsulated, molded or housed for installation / fastening / application for the usable life of the container and / or the residence period of the containers. contained in the container.

image9

image10

inconel, monel, vermerculite, titanium, nickel, Hafium, Ninomic, aluminum, magnesium, copper, gold, silver or stainless steel, or non-metallic, such as plastic or polymer materials.

A thin sheet of material used in the present discovery, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, as an example, comprises a sheet of material 10 having a plurality of parallel lines P (Figure 3) of elongated rectangular openings (12), preferably grooves.

Each rectangular aperture (12) and each line P of rectangular apertures (12), extend parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the sheet.

Each rectangular opening (12) in a line P of rectangular openings (12) is spaced with respect to the preceding rectangular opening (12), and the rectangular opening (12) that follows it by an intermediate network (14) of solid and non-perforated sheet of material.

In summary, to proceed longitudinally along the line P of rectangular openings (12), there is a rectangular opening (12) followed by an intermediate network (14), followed by a rectangular opening (12), followed by an intermediate network (14), and so on gradually.

By forming a sheet with polygonal openings, the intermediate networks (14) of the contiguous lines of the rectangular openings are outside with respect to each other, in such a way that when proceeding transversely through the sheet following a line T perpendicular to the central axis of the sheet and passing through an intermediate network (14) of a contiguous longitudinal line P of rectangular openings (12), the following must be taken into account:

to.

the transverse line (7) must pass through the rectangular opening (12) of the next contiguous longitudinal line P of the longitudinal openings (12).

b.

then, it must pass through an intermediate network (14) of the next contiguous longitudinal line P of the longitudinal openings (12).

c.

then, it must pass through the rectangular opening (12) of the next contiguous longitudinal line of longitudinal openings, etc.

In this way, the rectangular openings (12) that are understood longitudinally, alternate with image11 intermediate networks 14 transversely through the sheet (10).

image12

image13

pass along a transverse line T of rectangular openings (12), is different from the length of the preceding rectangular opening (12) and from the length of the rectangular opening

(12) that follows her.

In other words, the length of each longitudinally extending rectangular aperture (12) is preferably different from the length of the next adjacent rectangular aperture (12) that extends longitudinally in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet. , and furthermore, with respect to each rectangular aperture (12), the length of each of the four closest rectangular apertures (12) in the two closest longitudinal lines P of rectangular apertures (12) should preferably also be different from that of the rectangular opening (12).

The lengths of the respective rectangular apertures (12) extending longitudinally in a transverse line T across the width of the sheet, must be random with respect to each other and alternatively, the lengths of each respective rectangular aperture (12) extending longitudinally must progressively increase in length on a transverse line T through the width of the sheet or decrease in length.

In an alternative embodiment, the lengths of each longitudinally extending rectangular opening (12) are progressively increased in length on a transverse line T through the width of the sheet and the lengths of each longitudinally extending rectangular opening (12) in the next transverse line T progressively decreases in length across the width of the sheet.

The nominal length of the apertures 12 ranges from about 10mm to about 15mm, desirably from about 12mm to about 15mm, and preferably from about 13mm to about 15mm.

Thus, a 10mm opening is followed by a 10.033mm one, followed by 10.06mm, and the width of each rectangular opening, or slot, should be from about 0.02mm to 0.06mm, preferably from about 0.03mm to about 0.05mm and

preferably from about 0.04mm to about 0.05mm.

image14

material used for the sheet.

image15

image16

The intermediate network between openings, in turn, ranges from about 2.5 mm to about 4.5 mm, and thus a 3 mm intermediate network should be followed by a 3.5 mm network, followed by a 4 mm.

In this way, the irregularity is induced in the expanded perforated sheet and, due to its configuration, produces a resistance to settlement and compaction.

A thin sheet of the material used in the invention, as illustrated in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, becomes an expanded and perforated sheet (or with windows) of the material (20) of the invention , and is provided with a plurality of plurilateral or polygonal openings (22), as is, for example, the one illustrated with hexagonal openings, and at least one of the polygonal openings is irregular with respect to at least one of the polygonal openings contiguous.

For example, the sum of the lengths of the inner edges of the faces of a polygonal opening (22), for example lengths (22a), (22b), (22c), (22d), (22e), and (22f) of Figure 9, determines a peripheral internal length of a polygonal opening (22) and the peripheral internal length of each polygonal opening (22) when proceeding along a transverse line T of polygonal openings (22), must be different from the inner peripheral length of the polygonal opening that precedes it and the inner peripheral length of the polygonal opening (22) that follows it. (Figure 8).

In other words, the peripheral inner length of each polygonal opening (22) is different from the peripheral inner length of the next adjoining polygonal opening (22) on a transverse line across the width of the sheet.

Furthermore, with respect to each polygonal aperture (22), the inner peripheral length of each of the four closest polygonal apertures (22) on the two longitudinal lines, closest to polygonal apertures (22), should preferably also be different from the polygonal opening (22).

image17

image18

transversal T across the width of the sheet, it must be random with respect to each other and alternatively, the peripheral internal lengths of each respective polygonal opening (22), must progressively increase in peripheral internal length in a transversal line T across the sheet or decrease.

In an alternative embodiment, the inner peripheral lengths of each respective polygonal opening (22) progressively increase in length on a transverse line T across the width of the sheet and the inner peripheral lengths of each respective polygonal opening (22) on the next transverse line T progressively decrease in length across the width of the sheet.

The term "irregular", as used herein in the context of the peripheral internal length of at least one of the openings that is unequal to the peripheral internal length of at least one contiguous opening, means that the numerical value of the inequality of the peripheral internal length with respect to the other peripheral internal length is greater than the variation in peripheral internal length produced by the variation in manufacturing or the inherent variation in manufacturing.

While the irregularity of at least one polygonal opening with respect to at least one contiguous polygonal opening has been described in terms of peripheral internal length of at least one of the openings which is unequal to the peripheral internal length of at least one contiguous opening, It must be understood that the irregularity can also be produced in other ways, such as having a different number of sides of the polygon (such as a pentagon or a heptagon with respect to the hexagon) or in the length of one side of a polygonal opening that is different from the corresponding side of a contiguous polygonal aperture (i.e. greater than the manufacturing variation or tolerance as noted above) or the angle between two contiguous sides of a polygonal aperture is different from the corresponding angle between the two corresponding sides of a contiguous polygonal aperture, for example, the respective lengths of the lateral edges of the apertures may not be r all equal, (that is, at least one side may not be the same length as any of the other sides, thus providing an opening that has the configuration of an irregular polygon).

In this way, when perforated, expanded sheets are placed one on top of the other, it is not possible to align the polygonal openings and fit into each other, seating and thereby reducing the effective thickness of the multiple sheets (20).

image19

image20

permanent deformation under compression weight) not greater than 8%. Ideally, however, there is essentially no compression field in use.

The expanded and perforated sheet of material (20) is formed by tensioning sheets of slotted material (10) on wide wheels of different diameters positioned in such a way that the output of the sheet of material can be adjusted to an additional width between 50% and 100% of the width of the starting material sheet, so as to ensure that the resulting apertures form a plurality of polygonal apertures (22) as described above.

The expanded and perforated sheet of material (20) desirably has a surface area per unit volume of at least 4,200 times the contact surface of the liquids / vapors, polluting or non-polluting emissions, liquids, hydrocarbons contained in the closed containers of any type including pipes, tanks, cisterns particularly to inhibit, suppress, reduce, the boiling of liquids and preferably increase the contact surface of the liquids / vapors and flammable gases contained in the closed containers or means of transport of said 4,200 times products such as hydrocarbons, gases, liquids, polluting or non-polluting emissions.

The term “contact surface” refers to the surface area of the container container that is in contact with the gaseous phase, aerosol or vaporization of the hydrocarbons, gases, liquids, polluting or non-polluting emissions contained in the container container, tank, chimney, gas pipelines, etc.

Normally, flammable liquids (liquid, vapor, aerosol or gas) are in contact with areas of the surface of the container walls where the flammable fluid, combustion, hydrocarbons and the insertion of the finished, expanded and perforated material sheets are located. increases the surface area in contact with the flammable liquid and gases by at least about 4,200 times the contact surface area, preferably at least about

4,200 times this contact surface area.

image21

external generally spheroidal.

image22

The internal configuration of the body (100), generally spheroidal, comprises at least one strip of the expanded and perforated sheet of the aforementioned material, which is bent and / or curled and hollowed to form said spheroidal shape.

The generally spheroidal shape can be formed using a section of the perforated expanded sheet of material of a size proportional to about 20% of the width of the perforated expanded sheet of material.

The external spherical perimeter of the spheroid (100) encloses a volume and the surface area of the material contained within that spherical perimeter, that is, within the spheroid (100), subject to the design requirements of the application, is al less 1.5 square cm per cubic cm of said volume or wider if required. The surface area of the material must be at least 4,200 times the contact surface of the liquid and gases contained in the container that encloses the flammable fluid, in particular to inhibit, suppress, reduce, polluting or non-polluting liquids or emissions.

Preferably, the spheroid (100) has a compression field or resistance to compaction, that is, permanent deformation under compression, of not more than 8%.

The structural strength of the final product can be modified according to the heat treatment used in the raw material manufacturing process.

In an alternative embodiment of this invention, the perforated expanded sheet of material

(twenty)

used in this invention, as illustrated in Figures 10, 11 and 12 by way of example, is provided with a transverse corrugated or sinusoidal wave (42) formed therein and the corrugated sheet of material (40), expanded, perforated, being introduced helically in a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical shape is generally circular in cross section, and generally rectangular in longitudinal section, and in a later version of this cylindrical presentation, a perforated, expanded, flat sheet of material must be folded into the cylindrical shape. In a new form, the perforated sheet of material must be folded into the cylindrical shape such that flat or corrugated sheet depositions of the expanded and perforated material are formed in the cylindrical shape.

(40)

Helically folded, the corrugation (42) causes an increase in the effective diameter of the cylinder and thus, the area of the effective surface contained within a certain external spherical perimeter of the cylinder is increased, providing a wide inclusion of volume in the cylinders with low mass and high internal effective area.

image23

image24

It is desirable that the cylinder have a compression field, or resistance to compaction, that is, permanent set under compression, of no more than 8%, and yet ideally there is essentially no compression field during use. .

The unperforated sheet of material (1), from which it is started, must be provided as a continuous, unperforated web of material sheet, and then, the rectangular openings (12), or slots, are formed in the continuous web. in the configuration described above, as they can be slits, and in that case, the slotted network (10) must be expanded transversely by tensioning transversely the sheet of material (10), as above a wheel located in such a way as to regulate the exit of the sheet of material with an additional width of 50% to 100% of the width of the sheet of raw material, so as to ensure that the resulting holes form a plurality of polygonal openings (22) with irregularity, as has been cited above.

The aforementioned is achieved by adjusting the position and tension of the expansion wheel of the production machine, and in doing so, the result is the ability to have the walls of the finished panel model more or less erect and, therefore, increase the compressive force of the finished expanded perforated sheet of material (20).

Optionally, the expanded and perforated web (20) may have a transverse sinusoidal sling (42) formed therein and the shape of the sling (42) is inserted or impressed on the lengths of the sheet of material (20) as a series of transverse curls or slings (42) along the length of the web that appear slings when the finished product is wound.

The cylindrical shapes can be made by spherical rolling of the sheets of expanded and perforated material mentioned above.

The spheroidal shapes (100) can be made by feeding the sheets of material (20) to which

a plurality of arches has been provided with a plurality of parallel openings (22), image25

image26

said sheet inside a machine that has a mechanical device that comprises two concave semicircular sections that work in opposition to each other, and these concave sections (the mobile central and the one that covers it, fixed opposite concave) can have a variable radius with a concave working edge.

The central part of the wheel-shaped gadget with the outer part similar to a bicycle rim, it rolls 360 ° with a concave working edge with a friction surface, and the rotation of the feed sheet in the form of a circular tubular cylinder against the rough surface of the opposing mechanical contraptions, the mobile central and the fixed external, making the material fed in the form of a cylindrical tube, roll up and come out in a spheroidal shape.

The term "any pressure" will be understood to be at pressures of any range without limitation. The word high pressure refers to a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, typically several multiples of atmospheric pressure, and that the term low temperature refers to temperatures below the usual atmospheric temperature, typically temperatures below -20 ° C, or tens or hundreds of degrees below this temperature.

These pressure and temperature conditions allow certain substances that remain in a gaseous state under atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions to be stored and transported in a liquid state and therefore occupying a much smaller volume, making transport much more efficient.

The proposed tanker truck comprises, in a common way in the sector:

•

a watertight interior compartment, defined by interior walls, resistant to high pressures, said watertight interior compartment having a cylindrical section closed at its two opposite ends with spherical or rounded caps, said cylindrical section defining in its center a longitudinal tanker axis lying in the direction of transport filled with anti-explosive alloys.

•

a watertight outer compartment, defined by outer walls, which houses the inner compartment inside, the inner walls of the inner compartment being distanced from the outer walls of the outer compartment defining between said inner and outer walls an insulating chamber, where said

insulating chamber is maintained at a total or partial vacuum, where the outer walls

image27

image28

interior in most of the tank truck.

The proposed tanker truck also includes:

•

a chassis attached to the outer watertight compartment of said tanker truck;

•

at least two pairs of wheels facing each other with their axes perpendicular to the direction of transport, said wheels having the same diameter and said wheels being coupled to said chassis by means of a suspension system, defining the axes of said wheels, under uniform inflation and when the vehicle is on a flat floor, a chassis support plane, and

•

a means for anchoring the tank to a tractor head, engine, cab of the truck, said anchoring means being located under the outer compartment of the truck in its front half and connected to a tractor head, engine of the truck.

•

Being able to:

o The deposit inside the tank can be distributed throughout the truck.

o Tanker trucks may be located both inside and above the truck chassis and / or by any model, installation design and incorporation of the tank both laterally, below, horizontally, vertically and even being able to be located on the roofs, roofs of both freight and passenger wagons.

o The tanks of the tanks can be connected to more than one engine and work individually, dual, auxiliary.

o The tank, deposited inside the tanker truck can have an angle of inclination of between 0.01% -15% if said angle of inclination is required to improve the use of hydrocarbons, reasons of load distribution on the chassis or for aerodynamic reasons. .

o This possibility of inclination of the tanks may be made according to the design and final location of the tanks filled with the alloy in the form of mesh / spheres.

As will be obvious to the expert, between the interior and exterior compartments there will be supports and anchors that allow the interior compartment to be held within the exterior compartment and separated from it, said supports and anchors being designed to avoid the creation of anti-thermal bridges between both compartments.

The total or partial vacuum maintained in said chamber will be filled with the alloys in mesh format and / or anti-thermal spheres that will perform the functions of thermal insulation and anti-explosives that image29 It will allow the temperature of the interior compartment to be maintained in conditions that are potentially explosive externally and / or internally, even by penetration of an explosive, incendiary and / or penetrating bullet in the most extreme cases.

image30

The chassis supports at least two pairs of wheels in its rear half, connected to the chassis by a usual suspension system of the usual type. Each pair of wheels are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the tank truck and, in conditions on wheels by a firm, their respective axes remain coaxial. The successive pairs of wheels have the same arrangement and meet with their respective axes parallel to the wheel axes described, together defining a chassis plane that ideally will be parallel to the flat ground on which the wheels sit.

The present invention also proposes that the tanker axle forms, in the transport direction, a recommended angle, but not limiting or increasing or reducing its angle laterally, vertically and / or horizontally of between 0.01º and 15º with respect to to said chassis support plane, so that the rear and / or front, side portion of the tanker is at a lower or higher level than the front portion thereof

These recommended characteristics allow the rear end of the tank truck to be placed in a lower position than usual in the sector, which in turn reduces the tank's center of gravity without having to reduce its capacity and without modifying the height. of the anchoring means of the truck on which the tanker is supported. The lowering of the center of gravity affects a greater stability of the tanker during its transport, and therefore a safer transport and even more filling of the alloys of this invention, which drastically reduces corrosion, water hammer and the possibility of of explosion.

According to a further embodiment, said chassis includes at least two parallel and facing structural bars between which the outer compartment of the tanker truck is partially housed. This enables the distance between the rear of the tanker truck and the flat ground to be lowered, partially fitting it into the chassis, thus lowering the center of gravity of the entire truck chassis. In the present example, the free distance between said two structural bars is greater than 1300mm, for example, 1400mm.

image31

chassis support plane, and parallel to the tank axis

image32

As will be understood, the position of said parallel structural bars with respect to the chassis support plane will occur in the conditions described in which the load on the wheels of all the wheels is identical and the trailer is on a flat floor and coupled to a machine. , engine, tractor unit. If the conditions are different, the wheel suspension system would modify the position of the wheel axles, alternating the reference of the chassis support plane. However, in such a case the support plane of the chassis obtained in the initially described conditions would be maintained, even if the position of the wheel axles is modified.

According to another additional or alternative proposed embodiment of the tank truck, the chassis includes at least two opposing wedge structural elements between which the outer compartment of the tank truck is partially housed, each wedge structural element including at least one upper edge parallel to the axis of tank, and at least one lower edge parallel to the chassis support plane. Said wedge structural elements allow the rest of the chassis and wheels to be connected to the tanker, defining the aforementioned inclination greater than 0.01º thanks to its wedge geometry. Said wedge structural elements can be a continuous element arranged on each side of the cryogenic tank, or they can be a succession of spacers of different heights located on either side of the cryogenic tank that, together, define said two structural elements in wedge faced.

The wedge structural elements can be combined with said two opposite parallel bars.

It is also proposed that the tank truck being by means of said anchoring means and on said flat floor, the lowest point of the outer compartment of the tank truck, on the chassis of the truck, without limiting, but recommending that it be less than 150 cm from said flat floor, preferably less than 110 cm.

Preferably, the tank truck will have a length equal to or greater than 15 meters, but the use of a tank truck is not limited to having the possibility of incorporating smaller tanks inside the tank truck itself and even being able to have tanks distributed throughout the truck according to operational needs.

image33

image34

by said nomenclature.

It will also be understood that any range of values offered may not be optimal in its extreme values and may require adaptations of the invention for said extreme values to be applicable, said adaptations being within the reach of a person skilled in the art.

Other characteristics of the invention will appear in the following detailed description of an embodiment.

Brief description of the figures

The foregoing and other advantages and characteristics will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of an embodiment with reference to the attached drawings, which should be taken by way of illustration and not limitation, in which:

Figure number 1.- Corresponds to a plan view of a sheet of the material used in the invention corresponding to sheets of suppression, reduction and inhibitors, reducing the speed of wave-type propagation in any type of fluid.

Figure number 2.- Shows an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object reflected in figure number 1.

Figure number 3.- Corresponds to an upper plane of a perforated sheet of the invention.

Figure number 4.- Shows a side elevation view of the object reflected in figure number

3.

Figure number 5.- Reflects a lateral view in longitudinal section of the object represented in figure number 3.

Figure number 6.- Shows an upper plane of an expanded and perforated sheet of the material used in the invention.

image35

image36

shown in figure number 6.

.- Corresponds to a top view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the object represented in figure 7.

Figure number 9.- Again corresponds to an elevated side view in cross section of the object reflected in figure number 8.

Figure number 10.- Corresponds to a plane of the top view of a corrugated, expanded and perforated sheet of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 11.- Reflects an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object represented in figure 10.

Figure number 12.- Corresponds to an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object shown in figure 10.

Figure number 13.- Lastly represents a raised side view of a spheroidal shape made according to the body of the alloy. Expanded and perforated sheet of the alloy body.

Figure number 14. Shows a side view of a tanker truck in which we explain the parts and places of installation of the alloy body.

Figure number 15.- Shows a side view of the proposed trailer according to a preferred embodiment equipped with three pairs of wheels connected to the trailer chassis, the trailer being connected to a tractor truck filled with anti-explosive alloys

Figure number 16.- Shows the same as Fig.15, but without showing the tractor truck;

Figure number 17.- Shows a cross section of the trailer proposed according to the same preferred embodiment shown in Figure 15, said section being made by a position coinciding with the chassis and with a pair of wheels.

image37

image38

Figure number 19.-Chassis of the tanker truck.

Figure number 20.-

Figure number 21.-Thermal internal body.

Realization example:

The alloy in the form of mesh or spheres that is incorporated in the compartment or structure of the tank, is made up of the body of the alloy. This is formed by sheets of perforated material, they are expanded and perforated sheet of material (20) that is used in the present invention, and that is illustrated in (Figure number 13) as an example, it can be configured as a shape that comprises a body (100) with a generally spheroidal external shape or configuration.

The internal configuration of the body (100), generally spheroidal, comprises at least one strip of the expanded and perforated sheet of the aforementioned material, which is bent and / or curled and hollowed to form said spheroidal shape.

The generally spheroidal shape can be formed using a section of the perforated expanded sheet of material of a size proportional to about 20% of the width of the perforated expanded sheet of material.

The external spherical perimeter of the spheroid (100) encloses a volume and the surface area of the material contained within that spherical perimeter, that is, within the spheroid (100), subject to the design requirements of the application, is al minus 1.5 square cm per cubic cm of said volume or wider if required. The surface area of the material must be at least 4,200 times the contact surface of flammable fluids contained in the container / tank that encloses / supports / contains the flammable fluid, in particular to inhibit, suppress, reduce, polluting liquids or emissions or non-polluting.

Preferably, the spheroid (100) has a compression field or resistance to compaction, that is, permanent deformation under compression, of not more than 8%.

image39

used in the raw material manufacturing process.

image40

In an alternative embodiment of this invention, the perforated expanded sheet of material

(twenty)

used in this invention, as illustrated in Figures 10, 11 and 12 by way of example, is provided with a transverse corrugated or sinusoidal wave (42) formed therein and the corrugated sheet of material (40), expanded, perforated, being introduced helically in a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical shape is generally circular in cross section, and generally rectangular in longitudinal section, and in a later version of this cylindrical presentation, a perforated, expanded, flat sheet of material must be folded into the cylindrical shape. In a new form, the perforated sheet of material must be folded into the cylindrical shape such that flat or corrugated sheet depositions of the expanded and perforated material are formed in the cylindrical shape.

Due to the corrugation (42) formed in the sheet of material (40), with the sheet of material

(40)

Helically folded, the corrugation (42) causes an increase in the effective diameter of the cylinder and thus, the area of the effective surface contained within a certain external spherical perimeter of the cylinder is increased, providing a wide inclusion of volume in the cylinders with low mass and high internal effective area.

It is desirable that the cylinder have a compression field, or resistance to compaction, that is, permanent set under compression, of no more than 8%, and yet ideally there is essentially no compression field during use. .

The body of the alloy in the non-perforated sheet of material (1), from which it is started, must be provided as a continuous, non-perforated network of sheet of material, and then, the rectangular openings (12), or grooves, are formed in the continuous network in the configuration described above, such as slits, and in that case, the slotted network (10) must be expanded transversely by transversely tensioning the sheet of material (10), as above a wheel positioned in such a way as to regulate the output of the sheet of material with an additional width of 50% to 100% of the width of the sheet of raw material, so as to ensure that the resulting holes form a plurality of polygonal openings (22) irregularly, as mentioned above. Also with the possibility of expanding said material by making it pass through rubber wheels that increase its separation. image41 with the achievement of the desired width.

image42

expansion of the production machine, and in doing so, the result is the ability to have the walls of the finished panel model more or less erect and, therefore, increase the compression force of the finished expanded perforated sheet of material (20) .

Optionally, the expanded and perforated web (20) may have a transverse sinusoidal sling (42) formed therein and the shape of the sling (42) is inserted or impressed on the lengths of the sheet of material (20) as a series of transverse curls or slings (42) along the length of the web that appear slings when the finished product is wound.

The cylindrical shapes can be made by spherical rolling of the sheets of expanded and perforated material mentioned above.

The spheroidal shapes (100) can be made by feeding the sheets of material (20) to which a plurality of arches has been provided with a plurality of parallel openings (22), of which the longitudinal center is parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the sheet, introducing said sheet inside a machine that has a mechanical device that comprises two concave semicircular sections that work in opposition to each other, and these concave sections (the mobile central and the one that covers it, fixed opposite concave) can have a variable radius with a concave working edge.

Tanks that transport hydrocarbons, gases, chemical products, in metal, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, plastic fibers of any size or use, are characterized by the fact that they comprise the following phases:

-Manufacture, by drawing, of the two steel half-bodies (1a) and (1b), one of which has a hole (1c) in which the fitting is welded.

-Introduction of the diffuser element (3) inside the bottle (1) by introducing it in the form of rolls of mesh placed inside each of the semi-bodies at the time prior to making the joining welds of the themselves.

-Application of welding points with the corresponding tooling.

-Oven annealing process to release tension.

image43

image44

Figure number 1.- Corresponds to a plan view of a sheet of the material used in the invention corresponding to sheets of suppression, reduction and inhibitors, reducing the speed of wave-type propagation in any type of fluid.

Figure number 2.- Shows an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object reflected in figure number 1.

.- Corresponds to an upper plane of a perforated sheet of the invention.

Figure number 4.- Shows a side elevation view of the object reflected in figure number

3.

Figure number 5.- Reflects a lateral view in longitudinal section of the object represented in figure number 3.

Figure number 6.- Shows an upper plane of an expanded and perforated sheet of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 7.- Represents an elevated side view in cross section of the object shown in figure number 6.

Figure number 8.- Corresponds to a top view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the object represented in figure number 7.

Figure number 9.- Again corresponds to an elevated side view in cross section of the object reflected in figure number 8.

Figure number 10.- Corresponds to a plane of the top view of a corrugated, expanded and perforated sheet of the material used in the invention.

Figure number 11.- Reflects an elevated side view taken in cross section of the object represented in figure 10.

image45

object shown in figure 10.

image46

Figure number 13.- Lastly represents a raised side view of a spheroidal shape made according to the body of the alloy. Expanded and perforated sheet of the alloy body.

Figure number 14. Shows a side view of a tanker truck in which we explain the parts and places of installation of the alloy body.

Figure number 15 shows a side view of the proposed trailer according to a preferred embodiment equipped with three pairs of wheels connected to the trailer chassis, the trailer being connected to a tractor truck filled with anti-explosive alloys

Figure number 16.- shows the same as Figure 15, but without showing the tractor truck;

Figure number 17.- shows a cross section of the trailer proposed according to the same preferred embodiment shown in Figure 15, said section being made by a position coinciding with the chassis and with a pair of wheels.

Figure number 18.-Tank truck filled with alloys in the form of mesh / spheres.

a) Side View

b) Top view

c) Rear view.

Figure number 19.-Chassis of the tanker truck.

a) Side View

b) Rear view.

image47 External body of the tank truck

a) Side View

b) Top view

c) Rear view.

image48

image49

to)

b) Top view

c) Rear view.

Figures 15, 16 and 17 show a non-limiting illustrative embodiment of a trailer with anti-explosive properties for transporting cryogenic fluids at high pressure and low temperature by dragging them in a transport direction by a tractor truck such as the one shown in Fig. 15, the direction of transport being the direction of advance of the tractor truck.

The tractor truck will be of the usual type for the transport of trailers and semi-trailers, consisting of a cabin and a rear platform on which to support part of the weight of the trailer or semi-trailer to be transported.

The trailer shown in the present embodiment (Fig. 15 and 16) consists of a cryogenic tank filled with anti-explosive alloys in mesh / sphere format formed by an outer compartment 12, defined by an outer wall, which contains an inner compartment 11, defined by an inner wall, the outer and inner walls of both outer 12 and inner 11 compartments being separated and distanced by means of spacers provided to reduce thermal transmission through them. The space between the two compartments constitutes an insulating chamber 13 filled with anti-explosive alloys. This nested two-compartment construction is shown in the section in Fig. 16.

The inner compartment 11 is resistant to high pressures to contain liquefied fluids in a cryogenic state without the possibility of explosion. To achieve this resistance with a low weight, the geometry of the interior compartment 11 is optimized, which is proposed to consist of a cylindrical body of approximately 235 cm in diameter and approximately 18 meters in length that defines in its center a cistern axis E, the cylindrical body being closed at its two ends by rounded caps. The result is an elongated compartment with high resistance to internal pressure.

The outer compartment 12 fully envelops said inner compartment 11,

reproducing its geometry, but with a larger size, its outer walls being parallel to image50

exterior 12, for example, between 5 and 10 cm apart.

image51

Under said cryogenic tank 10 is fixed, in its front half, anchoring means 40 for articulated fixing and towing of the trailer by a tractor truck. This type of anchoring means 40 are standardized and are those commonly used in all trailers of this type. Typically they will consist of a descending vertical stud finished by a projection attached to the trailer, and of a pivoting platform equipped with a wedge-shaped centering device that ends in a housing complementary to said projection of the vertical stud.

Under the rear half of the trailer, in the transport direction, a chassis 20 is located which, in the present embodiment, consists of two parallel structural bars 21, for example, two standard profiles with I or C section joined to opposite sides. of the rear half of the exterior of the outer compartment 12, said outer compartment 12 being partially housed between said two parallel structural bars 21.

The connection between each of the parallel structural bars 21 and the outer compartment 12 is produced by means of a wedge structural element 22, consisting of an element of increasing section in the transport direction. Said wedge structural element 22 is welded to the outer compartment 12 at its upper end along a line parallel to the cistern axis E, and is welded to the corresponding structural bar 21 at its lower end along its length. As the wedge structural element 22 is of increasing section, the two parallel structural bars 21 are not parallel to the axis of the cistern E, but form an angle equal to the inclination of the wedge structural element 22. In this example the aforementioned inclination is of 2, 54º.

The rest of the chassis 20 is fixed on the two parallel structural bars 21, where the suspension systems of three pairs of parallel wheels 30 are anchored, leaving three wheels 30 arranged on each side of the trailer, in its rear half. The six wheels 30 will be identical and, under conditions of equal pressure and on a flat floor, the trailer being supported on a tractor truck by its anchoring means 40, the axles of the wheels 30 will define a chassis support plane P.

Image52

image53

cistern axis E has been calculated so that said two structural bars 21 are parallel to the chassis support plane P under the indicated conditions.

As a result of the characteristics described, a trailer is obtained that includes a tank 5

10 cryogenic with its rear end lower than its front end, in transport conditions, the lowest point of said tank being less than 90 cm from the flat floor. This reduces the center of gravity of the trailer, offering safer transport conditions.

10 Another embodiment not shown contemplates that the two parallel structural bars 21 are welded directly to the outer compartment 12 in a position parallel to the axis of the tank E, and that under said structural bars 21 the wedge structural elements 22 are welded that will be increasing in the direction of transport. The rest of the chassis and the suspension systems of the wheels 30 would be attached to said wedge structural elements 22. In this case the structural bars 21 would be parallel to the tank axis E, and not to the support plane of the chassis P.

In a further embodiment not shown it is proposed to dispense with the structural bars 21 and to use only the wedge structural elements 22 of increasing section in the direction 20 of transport.

As is evident, the trailer will include other elements to allow filling and as security elements for its transport, such as bumpers, lights, signals, etc. safe emptying of the cryogenic cistern 10, such as piping systems, valves, etc., as well

image54

Claims (8)

image 1 image2 1 Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high or low pressure, said truck comprising: a cryogenic tank (10) comprising:

•

a watertight interior compartment (11), defined by interior walls, resistant to high pressures, said watertight interior compartment (11) having a cylindrical section closed at its two opposite ends by spherical or rounded caps, said cylindrical section defining in its center a cistern axis (E) longitudinal lying in the direction of transport; and

•

a watertight outer compartment (12), defined by outer walls, which houses the inner compartment (11) inside, the inner walls of the inner compartment (11) being spaced from the outer walls of the outer compartment (12) defining between said walls interior and exterior an insulating chamber (13), wherein said insulating chamber (13) is maintained at a total or partial vacuum, where the exterior walls of said exterior compartment (12) are parallel to the interior walls of the interior compartment ( 11) in most of the cryogenic cistern (10);

anchoring means (40) of the tank (10) to a tractor truck, said anchoring means (40) being located under the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10) in its front half; a chassis (20) attached to the outer watertight compartment (12) of said tank

(10)

cryogenic; and at least two pairs of wheels (30) facing each other with their axes perpendicular to the transport direction, said wheels (30) having the same diameter and said wheels being

(30)

coupled to said chassis (20) by means of a suspension system, defining the axles of said wheels (30), under uniform inflation and when the trailer is on a flat floor, and connected to a tractor truck by the anchoring means, a chassis support plane (P); characterized in that the tank shaft (E) forms, in the transport direction, an angle of between 2º and 3.5º with respect to said chassis support plane (P), so that the rear portion of the tank

(10)

cryogenic is at a lower level than the front portion thereof.

2.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to claim 1 wherein the chassis (20) includes at least two structural bars (21) parallel and facing between the which ones are staying partially the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10). image3 image4 image5 Structural (21) parallel and facing are parallel to the chassis support plane (P). 4.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to claim 2 wherein said two parallel structural bars (21) and facing each other are parallel to the axis of the tank (E) . 5.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to claim 1 wherein the chassis (20) includes at least two wedge structural elements (22) facing each other. which partially houses the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10), each wedge structural element (22) including at least one upper edge parallel to the tank axis (E), and at least one lower edge parallel to the plane chassis support (P). 6.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the trailer being anchored to a tractor truck by means of said means of anchorage (40) and on a flat and horizontal floor, the lowest point of the outer compartment (12) of the cryogenic tank (10), at the rear of the trailer, is less than 100 cm from said flat floor. 7.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cryogenic tank (10) has an equal or greater length at 12 meters. Being able to include several smaller tanks or tanks within the same tanker. 8.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high pressure or low pressure, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cryogenic tank (10) has an equal or greater diameter at 230 cm. 9.-Tank truck for the anti-thermal transport of cryogenic fluids, liquefied gases, hydrocarbons at high or low pressure, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cryogenic tank (10) can have an angle of inclination between 0.01% -15%. image6 image7 where the cryogenic cistern (10) has in its structure some perforated material tissues that comprise: 5 • at least one arc of a plurality of polygonal openings, • at least one of these polygonal openings is irregular with respect to at least one contiguous polygonal opening and has a surface area per unit volume of about 4,200 times the contact surface of the flammable fluids that are 10 found in a container container and having a heat conduction capacity of at least about 0.023 Cal / cm-sec.

•

a density ranging from 2.8 g / cm3 to about 19.5 g / cm3.

•

a compression field of the sheets not exceeding 8%.

•

they act as a galvanic and anti-static anode.

image8 image9