ES1077355U

ES1077355U - Building panel (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1077355U
Application number: ES201200360U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Jerónimo Vega García
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-04-17
Filing date: 2012-04-17
Publication date: 2012-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2022-04-17
Also published as: ES1077355Y

Abstract

Constructive panel (1) of those conceived to be used in the construction of walls, walls, enclosures or similar, which is characterized as a constructive unit formed by the addition, joining, assembling, fitting, fitting, crimping, or any other type of physical association endowed with mechanical strength by itself or with the intervention of additional means, of several building blocks consisting of stone, ceramic, cementitious, synthetic or other materials and each configured by a main body (3) substantially orthopedic endowed on one of its free vertical faces with an additional external protrusion (4) of the same material of substantially prismatic shape of vertical development flown with respect to the main body and with the same height as this, and said blocks being arranged in such a way that when associated in the conformation of the panel they form a vertical rib (5) protruding from the main plane of the panel . (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Título: PANEL CONSTRUCTIVO Sector de la técnica: Construcción Objeto de la invención Title: CONSTRUCTION PANEL Technical sector: Construction Object of the invention

5 La invención tiene por objeto la definición para su registro de un panel de construcción con una configuración específica que permite que los muros, paredes o cerramientos que se construyen con él se puedan revestir de modo que entre el propio muro y su revestimiento se conforme una cámara de aire, incorporando innovaciones y ventajas respecto al Estado de la Técnica actual. 5 The object of the invention is the definition for its registration of a construction panel with a specific configuration that allows the walls, walls or enclosures that are constructed with it to be clad so that between the wall itself and its cladding, a air chamber, incorporating innovations and advantages over the current state of the art.

10 Background of the invention

Las características y prestaciones térmicas de las envolventes de los edificios han cobrado gran importancia debido a la conveniencia y necesidad de la optimización del gasto energético. The characteristics and thermal performance of building envelopes have gained great importance due to the convenience and need for optimization of energy expenditure.

Una de las estrategias desarrolladas para disminuir el intercambio energético en One of the strategies developed to reduce energy exchange in

15 las fachadas o cerramientos, una vez liberados éstos de su función estructural, ha sido su especialización por capas, y dentro de ella, la colocación del revestimiento por el exterior y separado del resto del cerramiento por una cámara de aire interpuesta. Ello permite, en verano, proteger al edificio de la radiación solar directa y en invierno, al ser posible la colocación del aislamiento por el exterior de forma cuasi-continua 15 the facades or enclosures, once these have been released from their structural function, have been their specialization by layers, and within it, the placement of the cladding on the outside and separated from the rest of the enclosure by an interposed air chamber. This allows, in summer, to protect the building from direct solar radiation and in winter, when it is possible to place the insulation on the outside in a quasi-continuous way

20 evitando puentes térmicos, disminuir asimismo el intercambio energético, y por tanto, el gasto de energía. Esta estrategia constructiva, así someramente descrita, recibe el nombre de fachada ventilada. En el Estado de la Técnica existen muchas variantes y respuestas técnicas para configurar cerramientos de edificios con esa solución de fachada ventilada. 20 avoiding thermal bridges, also reducing energy exchange, and therefore, energy expenditure. This constructive strategy, thus briefly described, is called a ventilated facade. In the State of the Art there are many variants and technical responses to configure building enclosures with that ventilated facade solution.

25 Generalmente, en casi todas ellas, la disposición del revestimiento por el exterior se realiza utilizando perfileria metálica organizada en montantes verticales y/o perfiles horizontales, que va anclada a los forjados y a la hoja interior del cerramiento, fijándose o montándose sobre dicha perfileria las piezas de revestimiento. Una respuesta distinta consta en la patente P201030631 , expuesta públicamente 25 Generally, in almost all of them, the arrangement of the lining on the outside is carried out using metal profiles organized in vertical uprights and / or horizontal profiles, which is anchored to the slabs and the inner sheet of the enclosure, fixing or mounting on said profiles. lining pieces. A different answer appears in patent P201030631, publicly stated

30 por sus titulares en la promoción de productos comerciales fabricados en base a ella, en la que las propias piezas de una de las hojas interiores del cerramiento poseen unos apéndices del mismo material, de desarrollo horizontal y discontinuos, que sirven para apoyar y montar sobre ellos las piezas del revestimiento. 30 by its holders in the promotion of commercial products manufactured based on it, in which the pieces of one of the inner sheets of the enclosure themselves have appendages of the same material, of horizontal and discontinuous development, which serve to support and mount on They lining parts.

Otra respuesta viene dada en el Modelo de Utilidad U201100895, en el que los 35 bloques constructivos que constituyen el muro están dotados de un resalte de desarrollo vertical que conforma una nervadura vertical en el muro construido que Another answer is given in the Utility Model U201100895, in which the 35 building blocks that constitute the wall are provided with a vertical development projection that forms a vertical rib in the constructed wall that

sirve para generar la cámara de aire, anclándose en ella el revestimiento exterior de forma directa o con intervención de menor subestructura metálica que en el Estado de la Técnica. It serves to generate the air chamber, anchoring in it the exterior cladding directly or with the intervention of less metallic substructure than in the prior art.

Los antecedentes del presente Modelo de Utilidad están constituidos por lo 5 antedicho, aportando éste novedades y ventajas que se expondrán en la descripción de la invención. The background of this Utility Model is constituted by the foregoing, providing this novelty and advantages that will be set forth in the description of the invention.

Descripción de la invención Description of the invention

El problema técnico que resuelve la invención es posibilitar la ejecución de muros, paredes o cerramientos en los que su revestimiento se sitúa exteriormente a ellos y The technical problem that solves the invention is to enable the execution of walls, walls or enclosures in which its cladding is located externally to them and

10 con interposición de una cámara de aire, técnica conocida como fachada ventilada, sin utilizar perfileria metálica, o utilizándola en mucha menor medida que en el estado de la técnica actual, aportando novedades y ventajas. El panel constructivo objeto del presente Modelo de Utilidad está formado por la asociación física y mecánica de un conjunto de bloques constructivos que así unidos 15 conforman una unidad constructiva. Sus bloques constructivos integrantes se caracterizan por estar formados por un cuerpo principal sustancialmente ortoédrico dotado de un resalte adicional del mismo material situado en una de sus caras verticales exteriores. Dicho resalte, formalmente, es sustancialmente un prisma de desarrollo vertical adosado al cuerpo 10 with interposition of an air chamber, a technique known as ventilated façade, without using metal profiles, or using it to a much lesser extent than in the state of the art, providing new features and advantages. The construction panel object of the present Utility Model is formed by the physical and mechanical association of a set of building blocks that thus form a constructive unit. Its integral building blocks are characterized by being formed by a substantially orthopedic main body provided with an additional projection of the same material located on one of its outer vertical faces. Said highlight, formally, is substantially a vertical development prism attached to the body

20 principal en una de sus caras verticales exteriores, es decir, su base es comúnmente un polígono en el que uno de sus lados es adyacente a la base del cuerpo principal, siendo su altura la misma de éste. 20 main on one of its outer vertical faces, that is, its base is commonly a polygon in which one of its sides is adjacent to the base of the main body, its height being the same as this.

Las dimensiones y situación del resalte vienen condicionadas por el objetivo que se persigue de configurar unas nervaduras verticales continuas o discontinuas, 25 sobresalientes del plano del panel, que tengan suficiente capacidad mecánica para soportar las piezas de revestimiento del muro que se fijarán a ellas. Por ello, la situación del resalte en la cara se realiza de modo que cuando el bloque se dispone en la conformación del panel con otros bloques dotados de resalte y/o con otros convencionales (sin resalte) permite configurar nervaduras verticales, que pueden ser The dimensions and location of the projection are conditioned by the objective of setting up continuous or discontinuous vertical ribs, 25 protruding from the panel plane, which have sufficient mechanical capacity to support the wall cladding pieces that will be fixed to them. Therefore, the situation of the protrusion on the face is done so that when the block is arranged in the conformation of the panel with other blocks provided with protrusion and / or with other conventional ones (without protrusion) it allows to configure vertical ribs, which can be

30 continuas, apareciendo en toda la altura del panel, o discontinuas, apareciendo solo en ciertas zonas. Respecto a sus dimensiones, su valor cuantitativo viene determinado por la necesidad de conseguir para el muro suficiente espesor de la cámara de aire, suficiente capacidad de carga y adecuada transmisión de cargas, adoptando un vuelo y una anchura del resalte apropiados para ello. 30 continuous, appearing on the entire height of the panel, or discontinuous, appearing only in certain areas. Regarding its dimensions, its quantitative value is determined by the need to achieve sufficient air chamber thickness, sufficient load capacity and adequate load transmission for the wall, adopting an appropriate flight and width of the projection.

35 Respecto a la asociación de bloques, éstos se disponen cada uno encima de su inferior de forma que configuran una volumetría única que es la del panel. Para su With respect to the association of blocks, they are each arranged above their bottom so that they configure a unique volumetry that is that of the panel. For your

solidarización física dicha superposición se complementa con estrategias diversas que aportan la resistencia mecánica que el panel necesita tanto para ser manipulado en su transporte y puesta en obra como para soportar las acciones y cargas a las que va a estar sometido durante su vida útil. Entre ellas podemos citar la disposición de 5 formas y contraformas en las caras inferior y superior del cuerpo principal de los bloques que facilitan y permiten el ensamble, encastre, encaje o similares, de cada uno con su inferior y su superior. Podemos citar tambien la más convencional de disponer adhesivos o morteros en las juntas entre bloques constructivos. Asimismo la disposición de nervios resistentes pasantes que se pueden configurar cuando los physical solidarity said overlap is complemented with various strategies that provide the mechanical resistance that the panel needs both to be manipulated in its transport and put into work and to support the actions and loads to which it will be subjected during its useful life. Among them we can mention the arrangement of 5 shapes and counterforms on the lower and upper faces of the main body of the blocks that facilitate and allow the assembly, insertion, fitting or similar, of each with its lower and upper. We can also mention the most conventional of having adhesives or mortars in the joints between building blocks. Also the arrangement of resistant through nerves that can be configured when

10 bloques constructivos poseen orificios verticales coincidentes y permiten disponer armaduras tambien pasantes y rellenarlos con hormigón, mortero, materiales sintéticos apropiados o similares. 10 building blocks have matching vertical holes and also allow for through reinforcement reinforcement and fill them with concrete, mortar, appropriate synthetic materials or the like.

Para enunciar las novedades y ventajas sobre el Estado de la Técnica podemos considerar que el último estadío de ésta para este problema técnico viene dado por 15 la patentes P201030631 y U201100895 ya citadas en los antecedentes. To state the novelties and advantages over the State of the Art we can consider that the last stage of this for this technical problem is given by the patents P201030631 and U201100895 already mentioned in the background.

El panel constructivo objeto del presente Modelo de Utilidad aporta como novedad respecto al estado de la técnica que la nervadura que se constituye como soporte físico a través del cual se fija mecánicamente el revestimiento al muro dejando interpuesta una cámara de aire está incorporada en el panel constructivo, es The construction panel object of the present Utility Model provides as a novelty regarding the state of the art that the rib that constitutes as a physical support through which the lining is mechanically fixed to the wall leaving an air chamber interposed is incorporated in the construction panel , is

20 de desarrollo vertical y permite la prefabricación. Dicha novedad aporta ventajas apreciables para su uso y fabricación. Respecto a su fabricación, ésta se puede realizar en taller, con las ventajas que 20 vertical development and allows prefabrication. This novelty provides significant advantages for its use and manufacture. Regarding its manufacture, it can be done in the workshop, with the advantages that

ello conlleva en cuanto a mejora de la calidades y los rendimientos, es decir, con las ventajas que puede aportar la prefabricación en este caso al sector de la 25 construcción. This implies the improvement of quality and performance, that is, with the advantages that prefabrication can bring in this case to the construction sector.

Respecto a su uso, su gran ventaja es que permite la construcción en seco, con lo que ello conlleva en lo relativo a mejora de calidades, rapidez de ejecución y, por tanto, aumento de rendimientos, y ahorro de mano de obra de montaje. Regarding its use, its great advantage is that it allows dry construction, which entails in terms of quality improvement, speed of execution and, therefore, increased yields, and savings in assembly labor.

Señalar finalmente que el panel constructivo objeto del presente Modelo de Finally indicate that the construction panel object of this Model of

30 Utilidad, aunque en el presente apartado se ha descrito poseyendo un solo resalte adicional en una de sus caras, se refiere tambien a modos particulares de la invención en los que pueden ser varios los resaltes dispuestos en una cara, así como un resalte en varias caras o varios resaltes en varias de sus caras. Utility, although in this section it has been described as having a single additional projection on one of its faces, it also refers to particular modes of the invention in which there may be several projections arranged on one face, as well as a projection on several faces or several highlights on several of their faces.

Descripción de los dibujos Description of the drawings

35 Al objeto de complementar la descripción que se está realizando y de facilitar la comprensión de la invención y de las reivindicaciones, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un conjunto de dibujos en los que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se representa un modo particular de realización de la invención. In order to complement the description that is being made and to facilitate the understanding of the invention and the claims, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, by way of illustration and not limitation, a mode is represented particular embodiment of the invention.

Figura 1 : muestra una vista axonométrica del panel constructivo(1) en el modo particular de realización de la invención en el que está dotado de una nervadura 5 vertical(5) en una de sus caras verticales. Se señalan tambien sus bloques Figure 1: shows an axonometric view of the construction panel (1) in the particular embodiment of the invention in which it is provided with a vertical rib 5 (5) on one of its vertical faces. Your blocks are also indicated

constructivos contituyentes(2). constructive constructives (2).

Figura 2 : muestra una vista axonométrica de uno de los bloques constructivos (2) que se asocian para configurar el panel constructivo del modo particular de la invención ilustrado en la figura 1. Se señalan su resalte adicional(4), su cuerpo Figure 2: shows an axonometric view of one of the building blocks (2) that are associated to configure the construction panel of the particular mode of the invention illustrated in Figure 1. Its additional highlight (4), its body are indicated.

10 principal(3) y la conformación de sus caras verticales laterales mediante estriados complementarios forma-contraforma(6) para facilitar el encaje lateral entre paneles constructivos. 10 main (3) and the conformation of its lateral vertical faces by means of complementary striated form-counterform (6) to facilitate the lateral fit between constructive panels.

Figura 3 : muestra una vista axonométrica de un fragmento de muro(7) realizado con el panel constructivo, en el modo particular de la invención grafiado en figura 1. 15 Figura 4 : muestra un fragmento de muro realizado con el panel constructivo. Se grafía una vista axonométrica en la que se señalan los nervios pasantes(8) para solidarización, rigidez y resistencia mecánica del panel constructivo, el revestimiento exterior(9) que se fija mecánicamente a las nervaduras, y la cámara de aire(10) interpuesta que se conforma entre la cara exterior del muro y el Figure 3: shows an axonometric view of a wall fragment (7) made with the construction panel, in the particular mode of the invention plotted in figure 1. 15 Figure 4: shows a wall fragment made with the construction panel. An axonometric view is drawn in which the through ribs (8) are pointed out for solidarity, rigidity and mechanical resistance of the construction panel, the outer covering (9) that is mechanically fixed to the ribs, and the interposed air chamber (10) that conforms between the outer face of the wall and the

20 revestimiento. 20 coating.

Exposición de un modo de realización preferente de la invención DISCLOSURE OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Como se observa en la figura 1, un modo de realización preferente de la invención consiste en un panel constructivo(1) que está conformado por la asociación de un conjunto de bloques constructivos(2) solidarizados física y mecánicamente de forma As seen in Figure 1, a preferred embodiment of the invention consists of a construction panel (1) that is formed by the association of a set of building blocks (2) physically and mechanically joined

25 que constituyen una unidad constructiva. Los bloques constructivos están constituidos por materiales pétreos, cerámicos, cementosos, sintéticos u otros y están configurados por un cuerpo principal(3) dotado en una de sus caras verticales de un resalte adicional(4) del mismo material. Dicho resalte es un prisma de desarrollo vertical cuya base es un trapecio con una de sus caras adosada al cuerpo principal y 25 that constitute a constructive unit. The building blocks are made of stone, ceramic, cement, synthetic or other materials and are configured by a main body (3) provided on one of its vertical faces with an additional projection (4) of the same material. This highlight is a vertical development prism whose base is a trapezoid with one of its faces attached to the main body and

30 cuya altura es la misma de éste. La asociación de los bloques verticalmente configura la nervadura vertical(5) sobresaliente del plano vertical del panel constructivo. En particular, en los paneles constructivos grafiados en la figura 4, sus bloques constituyentes están dotados de orificios o aligeramientos pasantes que se superponen verticalmente por lo que la solidarización mecánica y resistente se lleva 30 whose height is the same as this one. The association of the blocks vertically configures the vertical rib (5) protruding from the vertical plane of the construction panel. In particular, in the graffiti constructive panels in Figure 4, its constituent blocks are provided with through holes or lightening that overlap vertically so that the mechanical and resistant solidarity is carried

35 a cabo materializando nervios o tendones pasantes(8) situados en determinados aligeramientos y que recorren toda la altura del panel. 35 carried out materializing nerves or through tendons (8) located in certain lightening and that cover the entire height of the panel.

Como aplicaciones del modo de realización de la invención ilustrado en la figura 1 se grafían en la figuras 3 y 4 fragmentos de muro, pared o cerramiento realizado con dichos paneles constructivos(1), observándose en dichos dibujos sus nervaduras verticales(5) que sirven, por una parte, como soporte físico para fijar mecánicamente As applications of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 1, fragments of wall, wall or enclosure made with said construction panels (1) are plotted in Figures 3 and 4, observing in said drawings their vertical ribs (5) that serve , on the one hand, as a physical support to fix mechanically

5 a ellas las piezas de revestimiento(9), y por otra, para conformar una cámara de aire(10) entre el muro y el revestimiento. 5 to them the lining pieces (9), and on the other, to form an air chamber (10) between the wall and the lining.

Una vez descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención se hace constar, a los efectos oportunos, que los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de las partes del panel constructivo podrán ser distintos siempre que ello no suponga una Once the nature of the invention is sufficiently described, it is stated, for the appropriate purposes, that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the parts of the construction panel may be different provided that this does not imply

10 alteración de las características esenciales de la invención. Posibilidades de aplicación industrial 10 alteration of the essential characteristics of the invention. Possibilities of industrial application

El panel constructivo es susceptible de aplicación industrial y de explotación, buscándose su protección para ello mediante la presente solicitud de Modelo de Utilidad. The construction panel is susceptible of industrial application and exploitation, seeking its protection for this through the present application of Utility Model.

Claims

1. Construction panel (1) of those designed to be used in the construction of walls, walls, enclosures or the like, characterized by being a construction unit formed by adding, joining, assembling, fitting, fitting,

5 crimp, or any other type of physical association endowed with mechanical resistance by itself or with the intervention of additional means, of several building blocks consisting of stone, ceramic, cement, synthetic or other materials and each configured by a main body (3) substantially orthopedic provided on one of its free vertical faces with an additional external projection (4) of the

10 material of substantially prismatic form of vertical development flown with respect to the main body and with the same height as this one, and said blocks being arranged in such a way that when associated in the conformation of the panel they form a vertical rib (5) protruding from the main plane of the panel.

2. Construction panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the rib

The vertical protrusion of the main plane is discontinuous because some of the building blocks that comprise it are not provided with the projection cited in claim 1.

3. Construction panel, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that its lateral vertical faces have striated or complementary ribs, shape and

20 counterforms (6), which allow and facilitate the fitting with their adjacent panels when they are arranged in the construction of walls, walls, enclosures or the like.

4. Construction panel according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that it is provided with two or more vertical ribs protruding from the main plane of the panel, and may be arranged in one or more of its vertical faces.

25 5. Construction panel according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that it is provided on the front of its vertical rib of a corner or front end of different material, to facilitate the fixing and assembly of the outer covering (9) and its auxiliary elements.

6. Construction panel according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized by being

30 integral, being constituted by a single building block of the characteristics mentioned in said claims.

7. Construction panel, according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized by being provided with metal elements mechanically connected with it, arranged for mounting and anchoring to other structural elements of the construction or others

35 building panels.