EP4639751A1 - Verfahren zur feldorientierten stromregelung von motorströmen eines elektromotors - Google Patents
Verfahren zur feldorientierten stromregelung von motorströmen eines elektromotorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4639751A1 EP4639751A1 EP23836426.9A EP23836426A EP4639751A1 EP 4639751 A1 EP4639751 A1 EP 4639751A1 EP 23836426 A EP23836426 A EP 23836426A EP 4639751 A1 EP4639751 A1 EP 4639751A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- voltage
- electric motor
- maximum voltage
- max
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/0085—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed
- H02P21/0089—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed using field weakening
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/06—Rotor flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
- H02P21/08—Indirect field-oriented control; Rotor flux feed-forward control
- H02P21/09—Field phase angle calculation based on rotor voltage equation by adding slip frequency and speed proportional frequency
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/02—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
- B60L15/025—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using field orientation; Vector control; Direct Torque Control [DTC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for field-oriented current control of motor currents of an electric motor.
- the variables used for control are related to a rotor-fixed coordinate system, i.e. a coordinate system that rotates with the rotor of the electric motor. Therefore, the rotor position of the rotor is required with sufficient accuracy for control.
- a position sensor system is usually used to determine the rotor position.
- a rotor position offset angle between the rotor of the electric motor and the position sensor system is required.
- the rotor position offset angle is usually taught once using a calibration method, for example for a reference motor.
- every calibration method for determining the rotor position offset angle only has a finite accuracy. Inaccuracies in the rotor position offset angle in the field-oriented current control of the motor currents of an electric motor can lead to a significant loss of performance and efficiency of the electric motor.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for field-oriented current control of motor currents of an electric motor, which in particular reduces a loss of power and efficiency due to an inaccuracy in the determination of the rotor position offset angle.
- the method according to the invention relates to the field-oriented current control of motor currents of an electric motor whose motor voltage is limited by a maximum voltage, using a field weakening controller that is set up to correct setpoints of reference variables for the current control if a motor voltage that exceeds the maximum voltage would be required to regulate the motor currents to the setpoints.
- a calibration value of a rotor position offset angle between a rotor of the electric motor and a position sensor system that is set up to determine a rotor position of the rotor is first learned and stored by calibrating the position sensor system.
- a value of the rotor position offset angle used to determine the setpoints is changed by a change value compared to the calibration value in such a way that a motor voltage that exceeds the maximum voltage would be required to regulate the reference variables to the setpoints.
- the method according to the invention therefore uses a field weakening controller that automatically corrects setpoints of reference variables for current control if the setpoints cannot be implemented because they require a motor voltage that exceeds the maximum voltage.
- this property of the field weakening controller is used when the electric motor is operating with a motor voltage that is at least approximately the maximum voltage.
- a value of the rotor position offset angle used to determine setpoints is specifically changed by a change value compared to the calibration value in such a way that a motor voltage that exceeds the maximum voltage would be required to regulate the reference variables to the setpoints. This activates the field weakening controller and leads to an automatic correction of the setpoints of the reference variables by the field weakening controller.
- the adaptation is only used if a degree of modulation of the motor voltage, that is, a ratio of the motor voltage to the maximum voltage is at least approximately maximum.
- components of a current vector of the motor current in a d/q coordinate system for the motor current are used as reference variables.
- a d/q coordinate system is understood to be a rotor-fixed coordinate system with axes that are perpendicular to one another, which are usually referred to as the d-axis and q-axis.
- the components of a current vector of the motor current in such a coordinate system are referred to as the d-component and q-component of the motor current.
- the setpoint values of the reference variables are determined as a function of a required torque of the electric motor, a required speed of the electric motor, a rotor temperature of the rotor of the electric motor and/or the maximum voltage.
- a value of a maximum voltage utilization used in determining the setpoints which indicates a maximum ratio of the motor voltage to the maximum voltage, is replaced by a value that corresponds to a reduced maximum voltage utilization.
- the maximum voltage utilization is artificially reduced in order to effect a correction of the setpoints.
- the change value for the rotor position offset angle corresponds to a tolerance accuracy of the calibration of the position sensor system.
- the change value for the rotor position offset angle is adapted to the accuracy of the calibration of the position sensor system.
- the electric motor is the engine of an electric vehicle and the battery is a rechargeable battery of the electric vehicle.
- the maximum voltage is related to a d/q coordinate system for the motor voltage.
- the field weakening controller is implemented as a software module.
- the invention can then be implemented purely using software and therefore does not require any additional hardware. The torque, power and efficiency of the electric motor can thus be increased free of charge.
- a correction of the calibration value of the rotor position offset angle is determined from the correction of setpoint values of the control variables.
- the correction of the calibration value of the rotor position offset angle is determined in such a way that the use of the corrected calibration value when determining setpoint values of the control variables leads to an improvement in the efficiency of the electric motor compared to the use of the calibration value.
- the aforementioned embodiment of the invention therefore aims at a correction of the calibration value of the rotor position offset angle itself and thus at an overall improved field-oriented current control of the motor currents of the electric motor.
- FIG 1 an MTPA curve and current vectors in two quadrants of a d/q coordinate system for the motor current of an electric motor
- FIG 2 a block diagram of a field weakening controller
- FIG 3 Curves of fixed voltage utilization in two quadrants of a d/q coordinate system for the motor current of an electric motor.
- Figures 1 to 3 illustrate an embodiment of the method according to the invention for field-oriented current control of motor currents Id, lq of an electric motor whose motor voltage is limited by a maximum voltage lls.max.
- the electric motor is a motor that is supplied with electrical energy from a battery, wherein the motor voltage of the electric motor is generated from a battery voltage of the battery by a pulse inverter.
- the pulse inverter has electronic switches that are controlled in such a way that the motor voltage (AC voltage) of the electric motor is generated from the battery voltage (DC voltage) of the battery.
- the electronic switches are controlled in a pulse width modulated manner.
- the maximum voltage lls.max of the motor voltage results from the battery voltage of the battery and the modulation method for controlling the electronic switches of the pulse inverter.
- the electric motor is the motor of an electric vehicle and the battery is a rechargeable battery of the electric vehicle.
- the reference variables of the current control of the motor current are a d-component Id and a q-component l q of the motor current in a d/q coordinate system that rotates with a rotor of the electric motor. These reference variables are determined depending on a required torque of the electric motor, a required speed of the electric motor, a rotor temperature of the rotor of the electric motor and the maximum voltage lls.max.
- the control variables of the current control of the motor current are a d-component of the motor voltage corresponding to the d-component Id of the motor current and a q-component l q of the motor current corresponding q-component of the motor voltage in a d/q-coordinate system for the motor voltage.
- the method according to the invention is carried out using a field weakening controller 9, which is implemented as a software module.
- the field weakening controller 9 is set up to correct setpoint values for the motor currents Id, lq of the current control if a motor voltage that exceeds the maximum voltage lls.max would be required to control the motor currents Id, lq to the setpoint values.
- a calibration value of a rotor position offset angle between a rotor of the electric motor and a position sensor system which is set up to determine a rotor position of the rotor, is first learned and stored once by calibrating the position sensor system.
- the value of the rotor position offset angle is used in particular to determine the setpoints of the components Id, lq of the motor current.
- a value of the rotor position offset angle used for determining the target values for Id, lq is changed by a change value Aa compared to the calibration value when the electric motor is operating with a motor voltage that is at least approximately the maximum voltage lls.max in such a way that a motor voltage that exceeds the maximum voltage lls.max would be required to regulate the components Id, lq of the motor current to the target values.
- MTPA Maximum Torque Per Ampere
- the points of the MTPA curve 1 are also the points for which a maximum voltage utilization VUijm of the motor voltage is achieved, that is, a maximum ratio of the motor voltage to the maximum voltage lls.max.
- Figure 1 also shows the two quadrants of the d/q coordinate system shown each have a current vector 3 in which the motor voltage is approximately the maximum voltage lls.max, an ideal current vector 5 which represents a point on the MTPA curve 1, and a fictitious current vector 7, the components of which would result as setpoint values for the motor current components Id, lq for the calibration value of the rotor position offset angle changed by the change value Aa instead of the components of the current vector 3.
- Figure 1 shows that the change value Aa, in particular the sign of this change value Aa, depends on the quadrant of the d/q coordinate system for the motor current.
- FIG 2 shows a block diagram of the field weakening controller 9.
- the input variables of the field weakening controller 9 are the maximum voltage lls.max, a required voltage Us and a maximum voltage utilization VUum of the motor voltage.
- the required voltage Us is a motor voltage that is required to generate a motor current that causes the required torque of the electric motor and the required speed of the electric motor depending on the rotor temperature of the rotor of the electric motor and the maximum voltage Us.max.
- the output variable of the field weakening controller 9 is an (artificially) reduced maximum voltage utilization VUum,Adj.
- the field weakening controller 9 first subtracts the required voltage Us from the maximum voltage Us,max. The result of this subtraction is fed to an I element 11 (integrator).
- FIG 3 shows curves 13, 15 of fixed voltage utilization in the two quadrants of a d/q coordinate system for the motor current already shown in Figure 1.
- the points on curve 13 realize the maximum voltage utilization VUijm and the points on curve 15 realize a voltage utilization VUum,Adj that is reduced compared to VllLim.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022214301.9A DE102022214301A1 (de) | 2022-12-22 | 2022-12-22 | Verfahren zur feldorientierten Stromregelung von Motorströmen eines Elektromotors |
| PCT/EP2023/086652 WO2024133270A1 (de) | 2022-12-22 | 2023-12-19 | Verfahren zur feldorientierten stromregelung von motorströmen eines elektromotors |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4639751A1 true EP4639751A1 (de) | 2025-10-29 |
Family
ID=89474732
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23836426.9A Pending EP4639751A1 (de) | 2022-12-22 | 2023-12-19 | Verfahren zur feldorientierten stromregelung von motorströmen eines elektromotors |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250317082A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4639751A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120391029A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022214301A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024133270A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6026812B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-10 | 2016-11-16 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | モータ部およびインバータ部を備えたモータ制御装置 |
| US9768719B2 (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-09-19 | Faraday&Future Inc. | Methods and apparatus for generating current commands for an interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor |
| CN108450055B (zh) * | 2015-11-25 | 2021-08-27 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 永磁体型旋转电机的控制装置 |
| US10411634B2 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-09-10 | Steering Solutions Ip Holding Corporation | Controller anti-windup for permanent magnet synchronous machines |
| KR102588927B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-07 | 2023-10-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 모터 제어방법 |
| DE102018211771A1 (de) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer elektrisch kommutierten Maschine |
| AT521752B1 (de) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-09-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Verfahren und Prüfstand zum Kalibrieren eines elektrischen Antriebsstranges mit einem Elektromotor |
| WO2021111527A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電動機駆動装置 |
| DE102021203591A1 (de) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-13 | Brose Fahrzeugteile SE & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg | Verfahren zur feldorientierten Regelung eines Elektromotors |
-
2022
- 2022-12-22 DE DE102022214301.9A patent/DE102022214301A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-12-19 WO PCT/EP2023/086652 patent/WO2024133270A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-19 CN CN202380087575.9A patent/CN120391029A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-19 EP EP23836426.9A patent/EP4639751A1/de active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-06-20 US US19/244,224 patent/US20250317082A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250317082A1 (en) | 2025-10-09 |
| CN120391029A (zh) | 2025-07-29 |
| DE102022214301A1 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
| WO2024133270A1 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
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