EP4630746A1 - Verfahren und system zum betreiben und/oder zur dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen produktionsprozesses - Google Patents
Verfahren und system zum betreiben und/oder zur dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen produktionsprozessesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4630746A1 EP4630746A1 EP24709726.4A EP24709726A EP4630746A1 EP 4630746 A1 EP4630746 A1 EP 4630746A1 EP 24709726 A EP24709726 A EP 24709726A EP 4630746 A1 EP4630746 A1 EP 4630746A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrical heating
- heating device
- melt
- excess current
- electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0036—Crucibles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0038—Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/50—Controlling or regulating the coating processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/50—Controlling or regulating the coating processes
- C23C2/51—Computer-controlled implementation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/50—Controlling or regulating the coating processes
- C23C2/52—Controlling or regulating the coating processes with means for measuring or sensing
- C23C2/522—Temperature of the bath
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a system for operating and/or decarbonizing a production process, in particular an industrial one, preferably a coating process, such as galvanizing, in which a heated melt is provided and/or kept in stock. Furthermore, the invention also relates to uses of the system in question in heat-consuming processes, preferably in coating processes, such as galvanizing.
- the present invention relates to the field of operating industrial processes in the context of which the production, processing and/or working of real goods or products takes place on a commercial scale.
- an "industrial process” is understood to mean the mass production and/or mass manufacture or the commercial processing of real goods or components, in particular for coating workpieces.
- the present invention is specifically aimed at heat-consuming production processes that are carried out using a heated melt or in which a heated melt is provided and/or kept in stock.
- Heated melts are preferably understood to mean liquid metal of any type and alloy, which is used in a variety of ways in industrial production processes, for example when casting or coating workpieces.
- the primary starting point of the invention is coating processes in which a firmly adhering layer of amorphous material is applied to the surface of a workpiece.
- a heated melt acting as a coating mass is then kept or provided accordingly.
- a coating process that is particularly frequently used in industry is galvanizing, in particular hot-dip galvanizing, where a metallic, molten zinc coating is applied to protect against rust or corrosion by immersing the workpieces to be coated in the zinc-containing coating mass.
- the zinc melt held or provided for the coating is kept at a defined process temperature permanently or with a constant supply of heat. This is the only way to ensure targeted process control due to the dependency between the coating quality to be achieved on the one hand and the temperature of the melt or coating mass on the other.
- the object of the present invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art or at least to substantially reduce them.
- a method and a system for operating and/or decarbonizing an industrial production process are proposed to solve the aforementioned problem, wherein the melt is heated optionally by means of at least one electrical heating device and/or at least one non-electrical heating device.
- the heating can be operated only electrically, only non-electrically, or in combination - hybrid - simultaneously electrically and non-electrically.
- the present invention When the present invention was created, it was recognized that there are a number of advantages associated with no longer heating the melt exclusively using a non-electrical or gas-based energy source, but instead using an electrical heating device as an option.
- the heating of the melt using the electrical heat storage can be carried out in addition to the non-electrical heating device or as a complete replacement for the non-electrical or gas-based heating device.
- the term "optional” ultimately encompasses three different process procedures or modes in order to provide the entire required power for the industrial process or for heating the melt.
- the melt can be heated exclusively using the non-electrical heating device (first process mode).
- the disadvantages associated with the non-electrical or gas-based heating device are avoided or mitigated, in particular with regard to avoiding the emission of climate-damaging emissions such as carbon dioxide.
- the term "decarbonization” as used in the context of the present invention is to be understood as the avoidance or at least reduction of climate-damaging emissions such as those generated in conventional industrial processes, in particular in the combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas.
- climate-damaging emissions is to be understood broadly and ultimately includes all gaseous emissions that have a negative impact on the climate.
- the present invention is primarily aimed at the avoidance or reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2), but is not limited to this.
- CO2 carbon dioxide
- Other gases for example carbon monoxide, methane, nitrous oxide or other climate-effective greenhouse gases (GHG), can also be climate-damaging emissions within the meaning of the teaching of the invention.
- the invention proposes a hybrid heating concept, whereby an electric heating device is used optionally or at least partially for the permanent heating of the melt, along with the desired decarbonization of the industrial process to be operated.
- a “permanent” provision or holding of the melt is preferably understood to mean a period of at least one hour, preferably at least five hours, in particular at least ten hours, although depending on the extent of the process, this may also include one day or 24 hours or even several days.
- the term “permanent” is preferably to be understood broadly.
- the term "permanent" defines the period of use during which a melt collected in a vessel can be used stationary and/or functionally to coat workpieces without draining or processing as part of a coating process.
- melt as preferably used in the context of the present invention, is to be understood as a preferably non-ferrous metallic coating mass that is provided and/or held in a vessel or other receiving means and is used stationary or as an immersion bath with at least essentially constant volume or mass over the entire process time, i.e. without being drained from the vessel.
- a melt in the sense of the present invention is preferably not to be understood as foundry melt for casting or primary molding of corresponding foundry products. Nevertheless, the use of the method according to the invention can also be expedient in foundry processes and is therefore expressly covered by the teaching of the invention.
- a hybrid heating system consisting of an electrical heating device and a non-electrical heating device is very suitable for industrial production processes, specifically for heating a melt that is kept or provided in particular for a coating process.
- melts that are to be heated permanently are suitable with regard to a hybrid heat supply because they have a comparatively high thermal inertia or their temperature changes only relatively slowly when heat is supplied and/or removed due to a relatively high mass and heat capacity. This results in a comparatively large time window or a reduced sensitivity in order to implement the process modes described above or the selection of a heating device or the switching from one heating device to another and the hybrid heating system.
- the heating of a melt used in this process should not be implemented exclusively by gas-based or non-electrical heating, but at least partially or optionally also by means of an electrical heating device, whereby parallel or simultaneous heating can also be carried out by means of the non-electrical and electrical heating device.
- the optional heating provided for in the process by means of the electric heating device and/or the non-electric heating device ensures that, even if the heat input into the melt to be heated is briefly interrupted, there are no losses to be feared in terms of process technology compared to the non-electric or gas-based heating known from the prior art.
- the invention also provides that, in order to operate the electrical heating device, a surplus current arising in a power grid, in particular in the public power grid, is at least partially extracted and used to operate the electrical heating device.
- surplus electricity is electrical power that is only available with fluctuating output over time and can therefore lead to an oversupply of electricity or an overcapacity in the power grid.
- situations are increasingly occurring in which electrical energy or electricity cannot be fully consumed due to the oversupply of the surplus electricity in the power grid.
- Surplus electricity i.e. electrical energy with fluctuating output over time
- the underlying energy sources namely sun, wind and water
- fluctuating output and overcapacities or periods of surplus electricity are ultimately unavoidable.
- a short-term High wind levels can lead to an oversupply of electricity or to power peaks in the power grid, accompanied by the problem that the resulting surplus electricity must be diverted or consumed in order to avoid overloading the power grid or the resulting damage.
- power grid as used in the context of the present invention is preferably to be understood broadly and in electrical power engineering refers to a network for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. It consists of electrical lines such as overhead lines and underground cables as well as the associated facilities such as switching and transformer stations. Large, spatially adjacent and electrically connected power grids are referred to as interconnected grids, small, spatially separated power grids as island grids.
- the method according to the invention is particularly preferably used in power grids that obtain their electrical energy at least partially from renewable energies.
- the invention now creates the possibility of using the electrical energy from surplus electricity specifically to operate an electrical heating device or to heat a melt.
- the solution according to the invention also makes a contribution to avoiding overloading of the power grid and to the efficient use of surplus electricity, which comes primarily from renewable energy sources, i.e. solar, wind and hydropower.
- the solution according to the invention thus provides a specifically coordinated concept, whereby two findings are purposefully combined which are already advantageous in themselves with regard to decarbonization and/or the avoidance of climate-damaging emissions such as carbon dioxide.
- Decarbonization is already achieved through the use of the electric heating system.
- This basic idea is then completed or supplemented by the further requirement that surplus electricity is used to operate the electric heating system.
- This surplus electricity comes primarily from renewable energy sources, so that the surplus electricity itself also comes from an emission-free source. In this way, an emission-free process chain can be realized while completely avoiding the formation of climate-damaging emissions such as carbon oxides.
- the solution according to the invention proposes a contribution to the decarbonization of an industrial production process using a melt, while at the same time providing for the integration of surplus electricity or electricity generated from renewable energies and thus also addressing aspects of grid serviceability or relieving the load on the electricity grid.
- the occurrence of excess current can be detected in the power grid via a detection device. This can preferably be done automatically, in particular frequency and/or internet-controlled.
- a detection device is also understood to be a receiving device for a signal or the like that the grid operator issues manually or automatically and is received by the receiving device. After the excess current is detected, the electrical heating device and the non-electrical heating device are controlled by means of a control and/or regulating device.
- the electrical and non-electrical heating devices are preferably regulated/controlled, wherein the excess current is used to operate the electrical heating device.
- the surplus current is preferably used in such a way that the heated melt is provided and/or kept in stock in a defined process temperature range, in particular permanently or over the entire production cycle.
- the use of the surplus electricity to operate the electrical heating and the shutdown of the non-electrical heating as required is preferably carried out in such a way that the production process is carried out continuously during the electrical heating.
- the use of the surplus electricity to operate the electrical heating device is not associated with any impairment compared to the conventional non-electrical or gas-based heating, so that the use of the hybrid heating using the electrical heating device does not lead to any restrictions on the production process, which is continued continuously during the change from one process mode to another.
- the heating power of the non-electrical heating device is reduced and the operation of the electrical heating device is started, preferably wherein the operation of the non-electrical heating device is terminated and the heating of the melt takes place exclusively by the electrical heating device using excess current.
- Such a process is particularly advantageous if surplus electricity is foreseeably available over a longer period of time.
- the process can explicitly provide that the production process is carried out continuously using only the electrical heating or the surplus electricity in this regard.
- the non-electrical heating device can then be permanently deactivated, which leads to maximum decarbonization and/or avoidance of the formation of climate-damaging emissions such as carbon oxides, since the use of fossil fuels is completely eliminated.
- the non-electrical heating device can be switched on again. It is also possible to shut down the electrical heating device completely or to heat the non-electrical heating device exclusively. This always takes place when it is foreseeable that and when the surplus electricity will no longer be available.
- the reduction or shutdown of the non-electrical heating device and/or the startup or activation of the electrical heating device can be carried out continuously or discontinuously.
- the shutdown or startup is preferably automatically coordinated so that the reduction of the non-electrical heating device is compensated by a corresponding startup of the electrical heating device and the total heat energy introduced into the melt and/or process temperature is maintained at least essentially constant over the entire production process. This avoids undesirable fluctuations in the processing temperature of the melt. This is ultimately made possible by controlling/regulating the temperature of the melt, which is measured continuously.
- a transition period can be defined, the beginning of which is defined with the detection of the excess current and/or with the start of the shutdown of the non-electrical heating device and/or the start of the startup of the electrical heating device.
- the end of the transition period is defined by the complete shutdown of the non-electrical heating device and/or the complete startup of the electrical heating device.
- the transition time in question is preferably freely selectable, although due to the comparatively high heat capacity of the melt, flexible, adaptable transition times are in principle possible. However, these also depend on the volume of the melt bath as a whole.
- shorter or longer transition times are also possible, particularly depending on the excess current available and the amount of melt bath.
- the heating of the melt before the occurrence and/or detection of the excess current can preferably be carried out exclusively by the non-electrical heating device and the electric heating device can be connected to the non-electrical heating device when the excess current occurs and/or is detected.
- connection or activation of the electric heating device is specifically coupled with the occurrence of excess current, whereby at times when there is no excess current in the power grid, heating is carried out exclusively by the non-electrical heating device. It is understood, however, that it is also possible to operate the electric heating device without excess current, for example by directly connecting it to any electrical power source that is preferably fed at least partially, in particular completely, from renewable energy sources.
- the non-electrical heating device is operated with a CCh-free or at least natural gas and/or CO2-reduced fuel gas, in particular pure hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing fuel gas, for example a fuel gas in the form of a natural gas-hydrogen mixture.
- a CCh-free or at least natural gas and/or CO2-reduced fuel gas in particular pure hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing fuel gas, for example a fuel gas in the form of a natural gas-hydrogen mixture.
- decarbonization is achieved not only by using an electric heating device, but also by modifying the non-electric heating device, whereby hydrogen is used or mixed in instead of pure fossil fuel gas or natural gas.
- the combustion products of hydrogen are primarily water vapor, which is beneficial in terms of avoiding the formation of climate-damaging emissions such as carbon oxides, which are produced when natural gas is burned.
- the hydrogen is mixed with a carrier gas, preferably natural gas, in order to obtain the hydrogen-containing fuel gas.
- a carrier gas preferably natural gas
- the carrier gas or natural gas in question is preferably at least partially a process gas arising in an industrial process, such as mine gas and/or coke oven gas.
- the hydrogen content in the mixed gas is preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 40%, particularly preferably at least 60%, very particularly preferably at least 80% or 90%.
- a hydrogen-containing fuel gas is used to operate the non-electrical heating devices, wherein the fuel gas contains at least 1 to 100 vol.%, preferably 25 to 100 vol.%, particularly preferably 50 to 100 vol.%, of hydrogen.
- the non-electrical heating device is operated exclusively and/or 100% with hydrogen, preferably pure and/or green hydrogen.
- green hydrogen is used exclusively to operate the non-electrical heating system and/or as pure fuel gas or in part in a mixed gas, for example with natural gas.
- Green hydrogen is produced by electrolysis of water, with the electricity required for this being used from renewable energy sources.
- the decarbonization of the process according to the invention is improved and the sustainability of the process according to the invention is further optimized, in particular in addition to the hybrid heating by means of electrical heating energy.
- the heat coupling into the melt or the heating of the melt can preferably be carried out at least partially indirectly via a vessel receiving the melt, preferably with a furnace chamber surrounding the vessel being heated by means of the electrical and/or non-electrical heating device.
- the furnace chamber is heated by means of the non-electrical heating device and the melt is additionally heated directly by means of a preferably heated by an electrical heating device arranged in the melt.
- the non-electrical heating device can preferably be used in the furnace chamber to heat the boiler wall, whereas the electric heating device can be accommodated in the boiler for direct contact with the melt. This prevents in particular the electric heating device from coming into contact with potentially harmful exhaust gases during the non-electrical heating device or the combustion of the fuel gas.
- the non-electrical heating device and the electric heating device together in the furnace chamber.
- the preferably rod-shaped electric heating device can be provided with a protective layer in order to provide protection against the exhaust gases emitted by the non-electrical or gas-based heating device.
- the heating of the melt is preferably carried out in such a way that the melt is kept at a process temperature which is at least 10 °C, preferably at least 20 °C, in particular at least 30 °C, above a melting temperature of the melt.
- the melt is kept at a process temperature in the range of 200 °C to 1200 °C, preferably in the range of 350 °C to 470 °C or preferably in the range of 510 °C to 610 °C.
- the melt can be kept at a process temperature in the range from 400 °C to 600 °C, preferably in the range from 415 °C to 470 °C, or preferably in the range from 510 °C to 610 °C, in particular 520 °C to 600 °C.
- the temperature ranges in question are preferred in galvanizing processes, with the increased temperature range of 510 °C to 610 °C or 520 °C to 600 °C being provided for in high-temperature galvanizing.
- the melt is provided and/or kept as an immersion bath, in particular a galvanizing bath, in a metallic coating or coating process, wherein at least one component to be coated or covered with the melt is immersed in the melt and removed from the melt.
- the melt or the immersion bath is particularly preferably provided as a metallic molten alloy.
- a molten zinc alloy is preferably provided or used as the melt.
- the method according to the invention has proven to be particularly useful for hot-dip galvanizing or hot-dip galvanizing, in particular batch galvanizing, wherein a material to be coated or a component to be coated, preferably steel or a steel component, is dipped continuously (for example strip and wire) or piece by piece (for example components) at temperatures of about 400 °C to 600 °C in a heated tank with liquid zinc alloy, so that it forms a resistant alloy layer of iron and zinc on the steel surface or material surface and a very firmly adhering zinc or zinc alloy layer on top of that.
- the method according to the invention enables a continuous production process, in particular a hot-dip galvanizing process, whereby, compared to the heating of the melt based solely on non-electrical or gas-based heating known from the prior art, there are no losses in terms of the temperature and/or quality of the melt to be kept. Nevertheless, as described in detail above, the process according to the invention enables significantly improved sustainability and grid serviceability to be achieved due to the associated decarbonization.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to provide and/or maintain the melt at the process temperature permanently and/or for a period of at least 1 hour, preferably at least 5 hours, particularly preferably at least 10 hours.
- the melt is also provided in a mass or dimension customary for hot-dip galvanizing or industrial galvanizing, preferably with a mass of 200 to 800 t (tonnes), preferably 250 to 750 t, in particular 300 to 700 t, in particular in a vessel intended for the industrial coating process or for industrial galvanizing.
- the method according to the invention is not limited to galvanizing or coating methods.
- teaching of the invention can be applied to all coating methods known from the prior art, provided that a heated melt is used or kept available as the relevant coating mass.
- the present invention accordingly also relates to a system for operating and/or decarbonizing a preferably industrial production process using a melt, preferably a coating process such as galvanizing, wherein a boiler is provided for a melt to be received and heated.
- the system according to the invention has at least one electrical heating device and at least one non-electrical heating device.
- the system has at least one control and/or regulating device for selectively heating the melt by means of the electrical heating device and/or the non-electrical heating device, wherein the control and/or regulating device is additionally designed to at least partially remove excess current arising in a power network and to operate the electrical heating device with the excess current removed.
- the control and/or regulating device is additionally designed to at least partially remove excess current arising in a power network and to operate the electrical heating device with the excess current removed.
- the control and/or regulating device has a detection device for detecting the occurrence of excess current and a control and/or regulating device for operating the electrical heating device and the non-electrical heating device after the detection of excess current.
- the detection device can also be designed as a receiving device for receiving signals or the like that are sent by the network operator or third parties when excess current occurs.
- the control and/or regulating device can comprise the detection device and the control and/or regulating device as a higher-level assembly. It goes without saying that it is also possible in principle to design the detection device and the control and/or regulating device as modules or structural units that are separate from one another in terms of the device and are connected to one another in terms of signaling. The control and/or regulating device is then to be understood in an abstract manner or as a non-device-related, higher-level designation of the structural units in question.
- a furnace chamber which at least partially surrounds the boiler, preferably wherein the electrical heating device and/or the non-electrical heating device is/are designed to heat the furnace chamber and/or is/are arranged on or in the furnace chamber, in particular wherein the non-electrical heating device is/are arranged on or in the furnace chamber and the electrical heating device for contacting the melt and/or for directly heating the melt is/are arranged in the interior of the boiler and/or the electrical heating device is/are arranged on or in the area of the outside or outer wall of the boiler.
- the spatially separate arrangement of the electrical heating device relative to the non-electrical heating device prevents the electrical heating device from contacting combustion gases emitted by the non-electrical heating device. In this way, the electrical heating device is protected from harmful exhaust gases from the non-electrical Heating equipment is spared, which enables long-term reliable operation of the hybrid heating system.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the system according to the invention for reducing and/or avoiding the formation of climate-damaging emissions, such as carbon oxides, in the generation of process heat when operating a heat-consuming process, preferably a coating process, such as galvanizing, in particular hot-dip galvanizing.
- climate-damaging emissions such as carbon oxides
- the present invention also relates to the use of the system according to the invention for removing excess current when current peaks occur and/or for increasing grid serviceability in a heat-consuming process, preferably a coating process, such as galvanizing, in particular hot-dip galvanizing.
- a coating process such as galvanizing, in particular hot-dip galvanizing.
- the use of the system according to the invention is also possible both for reducing and/or avoiding the formation of climate-damaging emissions, such as carbon dioxide, and for removing excess electricity when power peaks occur and/or for increasing grid serviceability, i.e. a combination of the above usage aspects.
- the uses in question relate to coordinated or mutually reinforcing aspects of decarbonization, since operating the electrical heating device using excess electricity initially reduces the proportion of the non-electrical heating device, whereby the use of the excess electricity, which comes primarily or exclusively from renewable energy sources, brings about a further increase in decarbonization or increased sustainability.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a system according to the invention and the sequence of the method according to the invention and
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a melt held in a vessel for schematically illustrating the hybrid heating process in the sense of the method or system according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 schematically shows a system 1 according to the invention for operating and/or decarbonizing an industrial production process using a melt 2.
- the melt 2 is preferably designed as an immersion bath, in particular a galvanizing bath, or is used in a metallic coating process, such as galvanizing, in particular hot-dip galvanizing. Accordingly, the heated melt 2 is provided and/or kept in stock as a coating mass.
- the system 1 has at least one non-electrical heating device 4, preferably a plurality of non-electrical heating devices 4 are provided.
- the non-electrical heating device 4 is preferably designed to burn a fuel gas or as a gas burner in order to enable the heat to be introduced into the melt 2 to be heated.
- the non-electrical heating device 4 is connected to an energy source 5, preferably a gas source.
- an energy source 5 preferably a gas source.
- fuel gas for example natural gas, in particular natural gas mixed with hydrogen or pure hydrogen, can be made available for operating the non-electrical heating device 4.
- a further upstream hydrogen source can be provided in order to add hydrogen to the gas from the energy source 5, preferably natural gas, as a further gaseous component, or vice versa.
- the hydrogen is preferably generated from renewable energy sources, which has been produced by electrolysis of water, whereby the water has been broken down into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable electricity. In this respect, it is preferably so-called "green hydrogen".
- the system 1 has at least one electrical heating device 6, preferably a plurality of electrical heating devices 6.
- the electrical heating device 6 can accordingly be connected to a power grid 7.
- the power grid 7 is preferably a public power grid.
- the power grid 7 or the electrical energy source preferably contains electricity produced at least partially from renewable energies, which is fed into the power grid 7 as required.
- the system 1 has a control and/or regulating device 8 for selectively heating the melt 2 by means of the non-electrical heating device 4 and/or the electrical heating device 6.
- the control and/or regulating device 8 is designed to at least partially remove an excess current occurring in the power grid 7 and to operate the electrical heating device 6 with the removed excess current.
- the control and/or regulating device 8 has a detection device 9 for detecting the occurrence of the excess current and a control and/or regulating device 10 for operating the electrical heating device 6 and the non-electrical heating device 4 after the detection of the excess current.
- a detection device 9 is also understood to be a device that is used to receive signals that are sent by the network operator or a third party, whereby the transmission of a signal occurs automatically when there are current peaks or excess current in the network or when such a situation is imminent. Signals of this type are automatically generated and sent by the network operator or third parties.
- the detection device 9 and the control and/or regulating device 10 are preferably connected to one another by signal technology.
- This signaling connection preferably follows in such a way that when the excess current of the detection device 9 occurs and/or is detected, the control and/or regulating device 10 is activated to remove excess current from the power grid 7.
- the control and/or regulating device 10 is designed to control or regulate the non-electrical heating device 4 and the electric heating device 6.
- the control and/or regulating device 10 is connected to the non-electrical heating device 4 and the electric heating device 6 in terms of signals.
- the control and/or regulating device 10 is designed to regulate the heat energy introduced into the melt 2 by the non-electrical heating device 4 and the electric heating device 6, depending on the excess current occurring in the power grid 7 and/or the temperature of the melt 2.
- the regulation or control is preferably carried out in such a way that a constant heat input into the melt 2 occurs over the entire occurrence of the excess current and/or a constant, defined process temperature of the melt 2 is ensured.
- control and/or regulating device 10 is designed to increase the power of the electrical heating device 6 when the excess current occurs and/or is detected and, preferably at the same time, to reduce the power of the non-electrical heating device 4, preferably in such a way that the total heat input coupled into the melt 2 by the combination of the non-electrical heating device 4 and the electrical heating device 6 or the associated process temperature remains constant.
- control and/or regulating device 10 is also designed to adapt the heat input into the melt 2 introduced by the heating devices 4, 6 accordingly in order to ensure a constant heat input or a constant process temperature even in the event of fluctuating excess current.
- a process temperature in the melt 2 is preferably continuously measured as a controlled variable and compared with a reference variable or the desired process temperature of the melt 2. Due to any control deviation that may occur, the power input of the heating devices 4, 6 is then adjusted by means of the control and/or regulating device 10.
- the control and/or regulating device 10 is also designed to shut down the non-electrical heating device 4 completely or to heat the melt 2 exclusively by means of the electrical heating device 6. The heating of the melt 2 is then preferably carried out exclusively by means of the electrical heating device 6 or by using only excess electricity.
- the heating of the melt 2 can also be carried out by exclusively operating the non-electrical heating device 4 by means of the control and/or regulating device 10, wherein the control and/or regulating device 10 is accordingly designed to completely shut down the electrical heating device 6.
- system 1 can also have a further or second (not shown) control and/or regulating device, which can be provided in addition to the described or shown control and/or regulating device 8.
- This further or second control and/or regulating device can be provided in particular for operating the process if there is no excess power and/or is designed independently of the power grid 7 to operate the process or the non-electrical heating device 4 and/or the electric heating device 6. Accordingly, the described or first control and/or regulating device 8 is only used when excess power is present or detected in the power grid 7.
- At least one switching device can be provided in order to effect the switching between the non-electrical heating device 4 and the electric heating device 6.
- This switching device is preferably also connected in terms of signals to the control and/or regulating device 8 or the control and/or regulating device 10.
- the melt 2 is thus heated optionally by means of the electrical heating device 6 and/or the non-electrical heating device 4.
- the term ultimately defines three different process modes, according to which the heating is carried out exclusively by the non-electrical heating device 4 (first process mode), both by the non-electrical heating device 4 and by the electrical heating device 6 (second process mode) or exclusively by the electrical heating device 4 (third process mode).
- the heating devices 4, 6 are connected by signaling to the control and/or regulating device 8 of the system 1.
- the control of the heating devices 4, 6 via the control and/or regulating device 8 is carried out in particular in such a way that a defined process temperature or a predetermined temperature interval of the melt 2 is specified as a target or controlled variable.
- the control and/or regulating device 8 is preferably supplied continuously or at intervals with actual temperatures of the melt 2, on the basis of which the optional control of the heating devices 4, 6 then takes place in order to provide the melt 2 permanently at the defined process temperature.
- system 1 can have temperature sensors or thermocouples (not shown) in the area of the boiler 3 and/or the melt 2 in order to determine the actual temperature of the melt 2.
- decarbonization can take place compared to processes operated only with a non-electrical heating device 4.
- excess current occurs in the power grid 7, it is at least partially taken from the power grid 7 and used to operate the electrical heating device 6.
- the presence of the excess current is detected by the detection device 9, preferably automatically, with the result that the regulation or control of the heating devices 4, 6 takes place taking into account the excess current taken.
- control and/or regulating device 10 of the control and/or regulating apparatus 8 is initially designed to operate the electrical heating device 6 using the surplus power taken from the power grid 7.
- control and/or regulating device 10 is also designed to reduce or shut down the heating output of the non-electrical heating device 4 as a result of the excess current that occurs and the heating operation taken over by the electrical heating device 6.
- the control of the heating devices 4, 6, in particular the start-up of the electrical heating device 6 and the shut-down of the non-electrical heating device 4, continues to take place under the condition of maintaining a defined process temperature of the melt 2, which continues to be processed as a reference variable or target variable in the control and/or regulating device 8 or the control and/or regulating device 10.
- the heating of the melt 2 before the excess current is detected is initially carried out exclusively by the non-electrical heating device 4, which is operated or fed by the energy source 6.
- the electrical heating device 6 is then switched on, with the result that the heat input previously provided exclusively by the non-electrical heating device 4 is now initially taken over partially or completely by the electrical heating device 6.
- the exhaust gas pollution emitted by the non-electrical heating device 4 is reduced, along with the decarbonization of the industrial production process achieved according to the method.
- the use of the surplus electricity is associated with an improvement in the grid serviceability in the power grid 7, since the overloading of the power grid 7 that would otherwise be expected if the surplus electricity were not taken up is avoided or compensated for.
- connection and/or design of the heating devices 4, 6 for heating the melt 2 is preferably carried out in such a way that the process can be carried out independently of one another over the entire process time or using only the non-electrical heating devices 4 or the electric heating devices 6, whereby a combined use of the heating devices 4, 6 with any proportion of the heat input introduced by the heating devices 4, 6 is also possible.
- the electrical heating devices 6 are designed and/or arranged such that the heating of the melt 2 in the range of a defined process temperature is possible exclusively by electrical heating, preferably using only surplus electricity from the power grid 7.
- a furnace chamber 11 is provided which at least partially surrounds the boiler 3 and is preferably designed as an annular chamber and/or surrounds the boiler 3 on all sides.
- the furnace chamber 11 is delimited on the inside by the wall of the boiler 3 and on the outside by a furnace housing 12, wherein the boiler 3 is accommodated in the furnace housing 12.
- a plurality of rod-shaped electrical heating devices 6 are provided, which are introduced or immersed in the melt 2 for direct contact or heating.
- the electrical heating devices 6 can be arranged, preferably in pairs on opposite end faces of the vessel 3, within the melt 2, in particular in a perpendicular or vertical orientation in the state of use.
- non-electrical heating devices 4 are provided, which are designed as gas burners.
- the non-electrical heating devices 4 are designed to heat the furnace chamber 11 and/or are arranged on or in the furnace chamber 11, preferably in the region of at least one side wall, in particular the longitudinal side wall, of the boiler 3.
- non-electrical heating devices 4 and/or electrical heating devices 6 can also be arranged on opposite side walls, in particular the longitudinal side walls, of the boiler 3.
- non-electrical heating devices 4 are arranged and/or accommodated on or in the furnace housing 12, preferably in the region of at least one side wall, in particular the longitudinal side wall, of the furnace housing 12.
- At least one electrical heating device 6 can also be arranged in the furnace chamber 11.
- the electrical heating device 6 can preferably be designed as an electrical and/or flexible heating conductor, wherein the length of the electrical conductor exceeds the length of the vessel 3 by a multiple.
- the electrical heating device 6 is preferably assigned to the same side wall, in particular the longitudinal side wall, of the boiler 3 as the non-electrical heating devices 4.
- the electrical heating device 6 is arranged in a loop-like or meander-like manner around the non-electrical heating devices 4, preferably in such a way that the non-electrical heating devices 4 are surrounded by the electrical heating device 6.
- non-electrical heating devices 4 or the electric heating device 6 can also be provided.
- non-electrical heating devices 4 or heating burners are decoupled from the boiler 3 or furnace chamber 11 and/or are arranged in a heating chamber upstream of the boiler 3.
- This heating chamber then functions as an upstream heating chamber in which already heated heating air or heated heating gas is provided.
- the electrical heating devices 6 are decoupled from the non-electrical heating devices 4, immersed directly in the melt 2 and/or arranged in the furnace chamber 11.
- the electrical heating device(s) 6 are decoupled from the boiler 3 or furnace chamber 11 and/or are arranged in a further heating chamber or in the heating chamber upstream of the boiler 3.
- This one or more heating chambers then functions as an upstream heating chamber in which already heated heating air or heated heating gas is provided.
- the non-electrical heating devices 4 are designed and/or arranged decoupled from the electrical heating devices 6 for heating the furnace chamber 11. By providing heated heating air in the upstream heating chamber, this heated heating air can be introduced into the furnace chamber 11 with rapid reaction, provided that, preferably starting from the electrical heating of the melt 2, the heating of the melt 2 is switched back to using the non-electrical heating device 4.
- the furnace chamber 11 can be flooded with already heated heating air in order to ensure that production operations or the defined process temperature of the melt 2 are maintained.
- the furnace housing 12 can have a corresponding inlet and/or outlet line 13 in order to introduce a heated heat flow or heated heating air into the furnace chamber 11 as required and/or to discharge used process air from the furnace chamber 11.
- the indirect heat coupling by means of the at least one electrical heating device 6 and/or the at least one non-electrical heating device 4 arranged in the furnace chamber 11 takes place in particular in such a way that the air in the furnace chamber 11 is heated via a side wall, in particular a long side wall, and the wall of the boiler 3 is heated via this.
- the melt 2 is initially heated on the wall side. Due to the associated heat convection, a flow or circulation of the melt 2 heated on the wall side takes place in the interior of the boiler 3, so that heated melt 2, starting from the wall sections, also reaches the interior of the boiler 3 and in this way a mixing of heated melt 2 takes place within the boiler 3.
- the electrical heating devices 6 are preferably specially insulated or protected from the aggressive exhaust air of the non-electrical heating devices 4, in particular if the heating devices 4, 6 are arranged or accommodated together in the furnace chamber 11.
- the supply and/or discharge line 13 is preferably closable as required and/or provided with a corresponding exhaust flap.
- thermocouples or sensors attached to the boiler 3 are provided in order to preferably continuously monitor and/or record the temperature of the melt 2 and/or the heating temperature in the furnace chamber 11.
- the temperature in the boiler 3 and/or in the furnace chamber 11 thus preferably functions as a controlled variable which is fed to the control and/or regulating device 8 or the control and/or regulating device 10 for the purposes of regulating the non-electrical heating device 4 and the electric heating device 6.
- the heat input of the electric heating device 6 and/or the non-electrical heating device 4 is regulated or adjusted as required in order to avoid system-critical temperatures and/or to keep the melt 2 permanently at a defined process temperature.
- the control and/or regulating device 8 can have a switching device in order to implement a required switching of the heating operation between the electrical heating device 4 and the non-electrical heating device 6.
- the switching device can have corresponding switching and/or line components for this purpose.
- the non-electrical heating devices 4 are preferably arranged as a matrix and/or in a fixed group pattern in the furnace chamber 11.
- the non-electrical heating devices 4 are preferably assigned to a side wall, in particular a longitudinal side wall, of the boiler 3.
- non-electrical heating devices 4 and/or the electrical heating devices 6 can be assigned to opposite side walls, in particular longitudinal side walls, of the boiler 3.
- the non-electrical heating devices 4 and/or the electrical heating devices 6 can be controlled or regulated individually or in defined zones or groups, in particular by means of the control and/or regulating device 8 and/or the control and/or regulating device 10.
- control and/or regulating device 8 in particular the detection device 9, receives an impulse from the power grid 7, in particular frequency- or internet-controlled, that there is excess current in the power grid 7, the heat output or combustion output of the non-electrical heating devices 4 is reduced by switching off individual or several non-electrical heating devices 4 and/or reducing the heat output or combustion output. Burning power of one or more non-electrical heating devices 4 is reduced. In parallel, the electric heating drive is taken up via the electric heating devices 6, whereby the surplus power taken from the power grid 7 is used for this purpose.
- the non-electrical heating operation can be shut down completely so that no heat is coupled in via the non-electrical heating devices 4.
- the melt 2 is then preferably heated exclusively via the electrical heating devices 6 which are incorporated in the melt 2.
- the entire melt 2 is then evenly warmed or heated by means of the electrical heating devices 6 through convection and mixing in the boiler 3.
- the heating of the melt 2 via the electrical heating devices 6 can take place in such a way that the melt 2 is heated above the process temperature or a defined process temperature interval, preferably by at least 20 °C, preferably at least 40 °C above the process temperature. After this overheating, the heating by means of the non-electrical heating devices 4 and/or the electrical heating devices 6 can then be reduced or stopped completely, such that the melt 2 cools down again from the overheating above the process temperature. If the melt 2 reaches or falls below the process temperature again, the melt 2 can be heated again by means of the non-electrical heating devices 4 and/or the electrical heating devices 6, preferably exclusively by means of the electrical heating devices 6, preferably whereby the melt 2 is again heated above the process temperature in the above sense.
- heating intervals can be defined between which no heating of the melt 2 takes place.
- the melt 2 is again heated, preferably exclusively by means of the electrical heating device 6.
- the duration of the heating intervals can be flexibly adjusted and is preferably carried out in such a way that continuous operation of the coating process is possible both within the heating intervals and between the heating intervals.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023001171 | 2023-03-27 | ||
| DE102023109687.7A DE102023109687A1 (de) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-04-18 | Verfahren und System zum Betreiben und/oder zur Dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen Produktionsprozesses |
| PCT/EP2024/055806 WO2024199919A1 (de) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-06 | Verfahren und system zum betreiben und/oder zur dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen produktionsprozesses |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4630746A1 true EP4630746A1 (de) | 2025-10-15 |
Family
ID=90361730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24709726.4A Pending EP4630746A1 (de) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-06 | Verfahren und system zum betreiben und/oder zur dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen produktionsprozesses |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4630746A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121195143A (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2025011396A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024199919A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB504362A (en) * | 1936-10-14 | 1939-04-21 | Huettenwerke Siegerland Ag | Method of coating vessels with zinc |
| DE102015212828A1 (de) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-01-12 | Sms Group Gmbh | Schmelzmetallurgischer Ofen und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
| DE102018211104A1 (de) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-09 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Betrieb einer Produktionsanlage |
-
2024
- 2024-03-06 CN CN202480023060.7A patent/CN121195143A/zh active Pending
- 2024-03-06 EP EP24709726.4A patent/EP4630746A1/de active Pending
- 2024-03-06 WO PCT/EP2024/055806 patent/WO2024199919A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2025
- 2025-09-25 MX MX2025011396A patent/MX2025011396A/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024199919A1 (de) | 2024-10-03 |
| MX2025011396A (es) | 2025-11-03 |
| CN121195143A (zh) | 2025-12-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3080310B1 (de) | Anlagenverbund zur stahlerzeugung und verfahren zum betreiben des anlagenverbundes | |
| EP3080309B1 (de) | Anlagenverbund zur stahlerzeugung und verfahren zum betreiben des anlagenverbundes | |
| DE2420579A1 (de) | Verfahren zur durchfuehrung von endothermen chemischen und/oder physikalischen prozessen | |
| DE102008060774A1 (de) | Schrottvorwärmungsprozess und Einrichtungen in Stahlerzeugungsanlagen | |
| WO2023030944A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung einer eisenschmelze | |
| DE102015202683A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines mit fossilen Brennstoffen betriebenen Kraftwerkes und Kraftwerk zur Verbrennung fossiler Brennstoffe | |
| DE102011002615A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Behandlung eines kohlendioxidhaltigen Abgases aus einem Elektroschmelzprozess | |
| DE102008005259B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Energieeinsparung bei Wärmebehandlungsanlagen mit durch Heizteil und Kühlteil bewegtem Gut | |
| DE202010011515U1 (de) | Elektrisches Kraftwerk mit Thermogenerator (TEG) und Wasserstoffwärmequelle | |
| DE102023109687A1 (de) | Verfahren und System zum Betreiben und/oder zur Dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen Produktionsprozesses | |
| EP4630746A1 (de) | Verfahren und system zum betreiben und/oder zur dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen produktionsprozesses | |
| EP3080514A1 (de) | Verfahren zur leistungsregelung von dampferzeugern zur stromerzeugung und/oder wärmebereitstellung | |
| DE3315431A1 (de) | Verfahren zur erhoehung der windtamperatur in einem blashochofen | |
| WO2015176944A1 (de) | Verfahren zum verbrennen einer legierung eines elektropositiven metalls | |
| EP2800190B1 (de) | Verfahren und Regelvorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennstoffzelle oder eines Brennstoffzellenstapels | |
| EP4711487A1 (de) | Verfahren zur nutzung von in einem stromnetz anfallenden überschussstrom und anlage zum betreiben eines vorzugsweise industriellen prozesses | |
| DE102011082205A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines regenerativ beheizten Industrieofens und regenerativ geheizter Industrieofen | |
| EP4426977A1 (de) | Verfahren und verarbeitungssystem zum erwärmen und weiterverarbeiten von metallhaltigen produkten unter nutzung von solarthermie | |
| DE102014209529A1 (de) | Verbrennung von Lithium bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen, Drücken und Gasüberschüssen mit porösen Rohren als Brenner | |
| EP2659185A2 (de) | Verfahren zur behandlung eines kohlendioxidhaltigen abgases | |
| EP1792133B1 (de) | Einrichtung zum herstellen von flüssigem stahl | |
| DE102010007916A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Hydrierung von Chlorsilanen und Konverter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens | |
| DE102009053920A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung des metallurgischen Energiebedarfs von geschlossenen elektrischen Schmelz- und/oder Reduktionsöfen | |
| DE102024125812B3 (de) | Verfahren zum Verwerten von wasserstoffhaltigem Gas | |
| DE656483C (de) | Verfahren zur besseren Ausnutzung der elektrischen UEberschussenergie von Kraftwerken durch Erzeugung von Wasserstoff |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20250708 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |