EP4605250A1 - Anhängekupplung mit einem kupplungsarmträger und verfahren zu deren herstellung - Google Patents
Anhängekupplung mit einem kupplungsarmträger und verfahren zu deren herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4605250A1 EP4605250A1 EP23798118.8A EP23798118A EP4605250A1 EP 4605250 A1 EP4605250 A1 EP 4605250A1 EP 23798118 A EP23798118 A EP 23798118A EP 4605250 A1 EP4605250 A1 EP 4605250A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coupling
- coupling arm
- arm
- trailer
- receptacle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/48—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by the mounting
- B60D1/52—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by the mounting removably mounted
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/48—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by the mounting
- B60D1/54—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by the mounting collapsible or retractable when not in use, e.g. hide-away hitches
Definitions
- the invention relates to a trailer coupling for a motor vehicle for coupling a trailer or a rear load carrier, with a vehicle mount that can be or is attached to the motor vehicle and has a holding base on which a coupling arm carrier is held with a holding section at least in a position of use intended for coupling the trailer or the rear load carrier, wherein a receiving section with a coupling arm receptacle for receiving a coupling arm, which in particular forms a component of the trailer coupling, is arranged on the holding section of the coupling arm carrier, at least in the position of use, wherein the coupling arm receptacle is designed as a plug-in receptacle with an insertion opening through which the coupling arm can be inserted into the coupling arm receptacle along a plug-in axis at least in the position of use and is ready for coupling the trailer or rear load carrier.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing such a trailer coupling.
- the coupling arm holder is designed, for example, as a holder tube which is connected to the holding section, for example by means of a fork-like holder on the holding section or an arm section protruding from the holding section.
- the load-bearing capacity of such a construction is not satisfactory in all cases. It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an improved trailer coupling.
- a method for producing a trailer coupling for a motor vehicle wherein the trailer coupling is provided for coupling a trailer or a rear load carrier, wherein the trailer coupling has a vehicle mount that can be attached or is attached to the motor vehicle, wherein the vehicle mount has a holding base on which a coupling arm carrier is held with a holding section at least in a position of use intended for coupling the trailer or the rear load carrier, wherein a receiving section with a coupling arm receptacle for receiving a coupling arm, which in particular forms a component of the trailer coupling, at least in the position of use is arranged on the holding section of the coupling arm carrier, wherein the coupling arm receptacle is designed as a plug-in receptacle with an insertion opening through which the coupling arm can be inserted into the coupling arm receptacle along a plug-in axis at least in the position of use and is ready for coupling the trailer or rear load carrier, wherein the method comprises
- the basic idea is that one or more support surfaces that support the coupling arm when it is inserted into the coupling arm holder are manufactured by machining, whereby the machining is carried out, for example, on a blank previously manufactured as a cast or forged part.
- This allows support surfaces in the form of Flat surfaces or plane surfaces can be easily produced that allow optimal support of the coupling arm.
- the coupling arm lies directly on the support surface, in particular the flat surface, or that the support surface serves to support a receiving sleeve, which is described in more detail below, but which is held in an optimally form-fitting manner due to the contact with the flat surface or support surface.
- the support surface of the coupling arm holder manufactured by machining directly supports the coupling arm when it is inserted into the coupling arm holder, or supports it indirectly by a receiving sleeve being supported in a form-fitting manner on the support surface.
- the receiving sleeve may only partially cover the coupling arm receiving means, i.e. for example, one or more support surfaces are provided directly on the coupling arm receiving means for directly supporting the coupling arm, while further support surfaces for supporting the coupling arm are provided by the receiving sleeve.
- a support surface on the bottom side can advantageously be produced by machining the coupling arm receiving means, while an upper support surface opposite this forms part of the receiving sleeve.
- a preferred concept provides that the holding section of the coupling arm support, which is held on the holding base, for example pivotably mounted, and the receiving section of the coupling arm support having the coupling arm receptacle are one piece. This enables a particularly solid design of the coupling arm support.
- the clutch arm support is a forged or cast part.
- a blank of the clutch arm carrier is first produced by casting and/or forging.
- forging it is possible that a particularly strong structure is created through appropriate thermal processing of the clutch arm support or a blank for the clutch arm support, i.e. that the clutch arm support can withstand high loads. It is also possible that a cast part is subsequently at least partially forged in order to provide the blank for the clutch arm support.
- an arm section or arm body is arranged between the holding section and the receiving section.
- the holding section, the arm section and the receiving section can be in one piece.
- the receiving section with the coupling arm receiving section and the arm section can be manufactured as a one-piece component or from a single blank, while the holding section is provided by a holding body, for example a plug-in body or plug-in projection or bearing body, to which the arm section is attached, for example screwed, welded or the like.
- the coupling arm receiving section has one or more support surfaces that are manufactured by machining.
- the receiving section with the coupling arm receiving section that is one-piece with the arm section can bear particularly high loads.
- the coupling arm holder has a polygonal cross-section with mutually angled support surfaces for the coupling arm, wherein at least one support surface, preferably all support surfaces, are machined.
- the coupling arm holder has a rectangular or square cross-section.
- the support surfaces are, for example, mutually opposite and mutually angled support surfaces.
- One or more, particularly mutually opposite, support surfaces can be machined.
- two mutually angled support surfaces are not are machined, opposite which lie two further support surfaces which are at an angle to one another but which are machined.
- the support surfaces produced by machining can be machined in such a way that a predetermined distance is created from a non-machined support surface opposite the support surface.
- support surfaces are designed as flat surfaces.
- the flat surfaces preferably extend over an entire longitudinal length along which the coupling arm can be inserted into the coupling arm receptacle.
- a distance between opposing support surfaces along a plug-in section of the coupling arm holder extending along the plug-in axis is constant, wherein the coupling arm can be plugged into the plug-in section of the coupling arm holder.
- the support surfaces are therefore plane-parallel, for example.
- At least one corner region or inner corner region between mutually angled support surfaces is designed as a receiving cavity for a cutting tool, which can engage in the receiving cavity without cutting with it during machining of at least one of the two mutually angled support surfaces.
- receiving cavities can also be used to remove a forging tool or a casting core from the coupling arm holder.
- the at least one receiving cavity is, for example, set back from the support surface produced by the tool and/or has a distance from the support surface produced by the tool.
- the receiving cavity is designed, for example, as a recess in an inner corner region between mutually angled support surfaces arranged next to one another.
- the clutch arm holder advantageously has a rough contour or basic contour that is already essentially the same as the later clutch arm holder and/or is similar to it and/or is suitable for the subsequent machining, for example basically already has a polygonal cross-sectional contour.
- the so-called unmachined and raw support surfaces of this rough contour or basic contour still have so much material or protrude so far into the later clutch arm holder that material can be removed from the rough contour or basic contour by the subsequent machining in order to produce the at least one support surface, preferably all support surfaces, and/or an inner circumferential contour of the plug-in holder of the clutch arm holder by machining.
- surfaces intended for the production of the support surfaces or raw support surfaces of the coupling arm holder on a blank of the coupling arm carrier are initially inclined surfaces which are machined by the subsequent machining to form flat surfaces or level support surfaces or flat support surfaces which extend parallel to one another at least along the plug-in section for the coupling arm.
- raw support surfaces of the raw contour or basic contour still have a slant.
- the slant is preferably in the sense of a narrowing away from the insertion opening.
- the slant of such a raw support surface or several raw support surfaces arises, for example, because a casting core and/or a forging tool can or must be removed from a blank of the clutch arm support away from the insertion opening.
- another opening is located opposite the insertion opening, so that from each opening, the insertion opening and this further opening, there can be slanted raw support surfaces, which are formed by later machining using a tool or cutting tool to form the support surfaces of the clutch arm holder.
- tapered slant surfaces or raw Support surfaces may be provided, which are produced, for example, by a forging tool, a casting core or the like.
- a milling tool or the like it is in principle possible for a milling tool or the like to be used to produce one of the support surfaces or all of the support surfaces.
- the at least one support surface is produced using a broaching tool, for example a broaching needle.
- a broaching tool for example a broaching needle.
- the aforementioned receiving cavities are present in the corner areas of the coupling arm holder for the outer corner areas of the broaching tool.
- the broaching tool is not stressed on its outer edges, for example, which reduces the wear of the broaching tool when producing the coupling arm holder.
- broaching tools for example to produce a pair of opposing support surfaces and/or to machine support surfaces sequentially, first with a first and then with a second broaching tool.
- the first broaching tool performs, for example, pre-machining, for example rough production of the support surface
- the second broaching tool performs final machining, for example fine grinding and/or production of a flat surface.
- the tool in particular the broaching tool, is preferably designed to produce at least two support surfaces, preferably all support surfaces, of the coupling arm holder in a single operation and/or with a single feed movement along the coupling arm holder.
- the coupling arm holder is the decisive geometric component for the use of forging tools and/or casting molds and/or determines the basic dimension of the coupling arm holder. It is advantageous, for example, if a casting mold and/or a forging tool is provided and designed to produce a basic contour or rough contour of the coupling arm holder and/or the basic contour or rough contour of the coupling arm holder is produced using a casting mold and/or a forging tool.
- the rough contour or basic contour is then machined by a cutting tool to produce at least one support surface which is intended and designed to support the coupling arm.
- the clutch arm holder is formed by a cast core that engages in the clutch arm holder during the manufacture of a blank of the clutch arm carrier.
- the clutch arm holder is therefore basically formed by the cast core or the forging tool, for example. to provide a basis for the subsequent machining of the clutch arm holder.
- a first rough inner circumferential contour or rough contour of the clutch arm holder is produced.
- the first tool is a non-cutting tool, e.g. the forging tool.
- the first tool can also be a cutting tool, for example a milling tool or the like.
- the rough inner circumferential contour can, for example, be worked out directly by a second cutting tool, namely a cutting tool in the sense of the invention, to form the final inner circumferential contour of the plug-in holder or clutch arm holder, the second tool being used to produce at least one support surface for supporting the clutch arm.
- flat surfaces can be produced directly in this way using the second cutting tool.
- a raw inner circumferential contour for example with inclined surfaces
- this raw inner circumferential contour is not yet suitable for final machining by the cutting tool in the sense of the invention and/or for producing the at least one support surface.
- raw support surfaces of the raw contour run towards each other at an angle, which prevents or at least makes it difficult to insert the cutting tool.
- a basic contour can be created that enables the second tool to be inserted into the rough contour of the clutch arm holder.
- the rough contour can, for example, be an approximately circular contour.
- the first machined tool can, for example, be a drilling tool or milling tool which has a round outer peripheral contour.
- the rough contour which is used by machining with the tool to produce one or more support surfaces
- This hole can, for example, be a circular hole or have a circular cross-section, which is then further processed in the direction of a polygonal inner circumferential contour by milling.
- the cutting tool used to produce the final inner circumferential contour of the coupling arm holder is already introduced into such a round raw inner cross-section, for example a broach is inserted, which forms the tool according to the invention for producing one or more support surfaces.
- the components of the clutch arm support that are relevant for the accuracy of fit and geometry, namely the bore for the bearing mount and the clutch arm mount for the clutch arm, are manufactured by machining and are therefore particularly dimensionally accurate, especially in relation to one another.
- the coupling arm holder or the holder section it is possible for the coupling arm holder or the holder section to be arranged directly on the holding section. However, it is also possible for there to be a gap between the holder section and the holding section. In particular, it is advantageous if an arm section protrudes from the holding section of the coupling arm carrier, on which the holder section is arranged, the holding section, the arm section and the holder section being in one piece.
- the arm section can comprise one or more arm bodies, each of which connects the receiving section and the holding section to one another.
- Such arm bodies can be arranged next to one another, for example. It is particularly advantageous if the arm body is a solid arm body.
- the arm section advantageously has a substantially rectangular or square or approximately square outer peripheral contour or rectangular or square or approximately square envelope around its outer peripheral contour. Approximately square means that the long sides and transverse sides have a length or width that differs from one another by a maximum of 30%, in particular a maximum of 20%.
- the arm portion preferably has one or more reinforcing ribs. It is also advantageous if the arm section is straight and/or without curvature. This makes the arm section particularly resilient.
- a longitudinal axis of the arm section is at an angle to the pivot axis and/or at an angle to the plug-in axis of the coupling arm holder.
- the arm section can be connected to the holder section on a side wall of the coupling arm holder, for example.
- the coupling arm support is pivotably mounted about the pivot axis between a non-use position intended for non-use of the trailer coupling and the use position.
- the pivot axis preferably forms a single pivot axis.
- a particularly short arm section is preferred. It is advantageous, for example, if a longitudinal extension of the arm section between the holding section and the receiving section is shorter than the longitudinal extension of the receiving section parallel to the plug-in axis.
- the holding section is connected to the receiving section by a single arm body which forms the arm section.
- the arm bodies are preferably connected to the holding section at one of their longitudinal end regions and to the receiving section at their other longitudinal end regions.
- An advantageous concept provides for two arm bodies to extend next to each other parallel to the plug-in axis or longitudinal axis of the coupling arm holder. It is also advantageous if all arm bodies are arranged parallel to each other with respect to the plug-in axis or longitudinal axis of the coupling arm holder, but not one behind the other in the direction of the plug-in axis.
- a front wall surface of the receiving section which extends around the insertion opening, is designed as a flat surface and/or as a surface produced by machining.
- the front wall surface is produced as a flat surface by milling and/or grinding.
- the coupling arm holder it is possible for the coupling arm holder to be open on only one side, i.e. to only have the insertion opening. On one of the opposite sides, for example, a base can be provided on the coupling arm holder.
- the coupling arm holder has a further opening on a side opposite the insertion opening, wherein the further opening preferably has a plug-in cross-section suitable for inserting the coupling arm. This means that, for example, an object can be inserted through this further opening in order to remove the coupling arm from the coupling arm holder. It is also possible for the coupling arm to completely penetrate the coupling arm holder and protrude in front of the coupling arm holder through the further opening opposite the insertion opening.
- a plug-in cross-section of the plug-in receptacle is designed completely or at least partially for the direct, form-fitting support of the coupling arm.
- the at least one support surface produced by machining is machined in such a way that it can directly support the coupling arm.
- the plug-in cross-section for the coupling arm can also be provided at least partially or completely by the receiving sleeve or a receiving sleeve that is arranged in the coupling arm receptacle.
- a receiving sleeve is arranged in the coupling arm holder for receiving the coupling arm, with a particularly polygonal inner circumferential contour of the receiving sleeve providing a plug-in cross-section for positively holding the coupling arm on the circumference.
- the receiving sleeve has an insertion opening for inserting the coupling arm.
- the receiving sleeve is designed, for example, as a tubular body.
- the plug-in sleeve advantageously has a reinforcing bead or a collar in the area of the insertion opening.
- the collar or reinforcing bead preferably extends in a ring shape around the insertion opening.
- the receiving sleeve is advantageously open on its side opposite the insertion opening, although alternatively a base can also be provided there, i.e. the receiving sleeve is only open at the insertion opening, but otherwise closed.
- the receiving sleeve has a polygonal outer peripheral contour that is positively received in a polygonal inner peripheral contour of the coupling arm holder.
- the outer peripheral contour and the inner peripheral contour are rectangular, in particular square. It is possible that corner areas or edge areas are rounded, in the inner peripheral contour and/or in the outer peripheral contour.
- the receiving sleeve does not protrude in front of the clutch arm holder on at least one side. However, it is also possible that the receiving sleeve protrudes in front of the clutch arm holder and/or behind the clutch arm holder with respect to the quick release axle.
- the mounting sleeve allows an optimal adjustment of the plug-in mount for the coupling arm, i.e., for example, the coupling arm mount can be shorter than the Receiving sleeve. It is therefore possible that the plug-in holder, which supports the clutch arm when inserted into the clutch arm holder, has a greater length in relation to the plug-in axis than the clutch arm holder itself due to the receiving sleeve.
- At least one locking receptacle in particular a pair of opposing locking receptacles, is arranged on the receiving section for receiving a locking element, in particular a locking bolt, for locking the coupling arm.
- the at least one locking receptacle is a bore, in particular a through-opening.
- the locking element preferably forms a component of the trailer coupling.
- the at least one locking receptacle is arranged directly on the coupling arm receptacle or on the receiving sleeve or both. It can be provided that the at least one locking receptacle passes through the coupling arm receptacle and/or a receiving sleeve or the receiving sleeve that is received in the coupling arm receptacle.
- An advantageous concept provides that one or more eyelets for attaching breakaway cables or breakaway chains are arranged on the coupling arm support. It is advantageous if the at least one eyelet is integral with the coupling arm support.
- a breakaway rope or chain is used to secure the trailer to the trailer hitch and extends between the trailer hitch and the trailer when held at one of the aforementioned eyelets.
- the at least one eyelet is arranged on the receiving section. It is particularly advantageous if at opposite An eyelet for a breakaway cable is arranged on each side of the receiving section and/or on opposite sides of the coupling arm receiving section.
- the at least one eyelet preferably all eyelets, preferably protrude transversely to the plug axis in front of the receiving section.
- the coupling arm support is adjustable with respect to the holding base between a position of use intended for coupling the trailer or the rear load carrier and a non-use position intended for non-use of the trailer coupling.
- the coupling arm support it is possible for the coupling arm support to be detachably fastened to the holding base, for example using a plug connection.
- the holding base has a plug receptacle or is designed as a plug receptacle that can accommodate a plug projection of the coupling arm support or into which the plug projection can be inserted.
- the holding section is designed as a plug projection or has one.
- the coupling arm carrier itself to remain on the support base, for example by means of a pivot bearing or a pivot-sliding bearing on the support base between the position of use and the non-use position.
- the holding section forms a bearing section and the holding base forms a bearing base
- the coupling arm carrier is pivotably mounted on the holding base by means of the bearing section about a pivot axis between the use position and the non-use position.
- the coupling arm support can not only be pivotally mounted on the support base about the at least one pivot axis, but can also be pivotable about two or more pivot axes in relation to the support base.
- a linear adjustment of the coupling arm support between the use position and the non-use position is also possible, for example superimposed on the pivoting movement about the at least one pivot axis or sequentially in relation to the pivoting movement. It is therefore possible for the coupling arm support to be mounted on the support base between the use position and the non-use position using a multi-axis pivot bearing and/or a combined pivot-sliding bearing.
- form-fitting contours are arranged on the holding base and counter-form-fitting contours are arranged on the coupling arm support, which form a component of the fixing device.
- the counter-form-fitting contours are integral components of the coupling arm support.
- the counter-form-fitting contours are arranged, for example, around a bearing receptacle or a projection of the holding section of the coupling arm support.
- the plug-in axis of the coupling arm holder and a bearing axis of a bearing holder, which is in pivotally mounted engagement with the holding base are at an angle to one another.
- the pivot axis can be inclined at an angle other than 90° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle and/or with respect to a cross member on which the holding base is arranged.
- the bearing holder is designed as a bore produced by a drilling tool or milling tool.
- the bore can also be a stepped bore, i.e. have several diameters.
- the coupling arm comprises, for example, a tubular body or arm body, at the free end of which a coupling body, in particular a coupling ball, is arranged.
- the coupling body can, for example, be screwed to the arm body. This makes it possible to attach various designs of coupling bodies to the arm body.
- the coupling body and the insertion section for insertion into the coupling arm receptacle are advantageously arranged at opposite longitudinal end regions of the arm body.
- the arm body preferably has a locking receptacle, for example a through-opening, for receiving the locking element.
- the locking receptacle is aligned with the locking receptacles of the coupling arm receptacle or the receiving sleeve when the arm body or the coupling arm is inserted into the coupling arm receptacle or receiving sleeve.
- the coupling arm advantageously forms a component of the trailer coupling. It is also possible to use other coupling arms that do not belong to the trailer coupling according to the invention on the coupling arm carrier, provided that their plug-in sections for insertion into the coupling arm receptacle have an outer peripheral contour that matches the inner peripheral contour of the coupling arm receptacle.
- the trailer coupling advantageously comprises a support arrangement for attachment to a body of the motor vehicle.
- the support arrangement comprises a cross member which can be connected to the body of the motor vehicle by means of side supports.
- the holding base is advantageously on the vehicle mount or is provided by the vehicle mount.
- the vehicle mount is advantageously held on the support arrangement.
- this invention which is independent per se, provides that a coupling arm can be detachably fastened to the holding base or that the coupling arm is held firmly to the support element of the support arrangement by means of the holding base.
- the holding base can also form a bearing base for the movable, in particular pivotable, bearing of the coupling arm or a coupling arm support to which the coupling arm can be detachably fastened or is fixedly arranged.
- the coupling arm support can have the coupling arm integrally.
- a hole having and/or enabling the hole weld is present on a part of the holding base or mounting plate or holding flange, on the inner circumference of which there is a weld between this one part with the hole and the other part of the holding base or mounting plate or holding flange.
- the hole has at least one pointed or narrower end region. It can be provided that the hole has opposite pointed or narrower end regions. However, it is also possible for the hole to be approximately triangular, for example. In this embodiment, it is possible for there to be only a single pointed or narrower end region. The pointed or narrower end portion of the hole advantageously increases the strength of the connection between the two components joined together by means of the hole welding.
- a transverse width of the hole is preferably smaller than a longitudinal height of the hole, wherein the transverse width and the longitudinal height are orthogonal to each other.
- the narrower or pointed end regions are preferably provided at the ends of the hole in relation to the longitudinal height.
- the inner circumference of the hole in the region of its maximum transverse width has flatter angles or curves with larger radii than the inner circumference of the hole in the region of its maximum longitudinal height.
- the hole preferably has its maximum longitudinal extension or longitudinal height parallel to a longitudinal extension of the holding base.
- the longitudinal extension of the holding base is the direction in which the holding base has its greatest extension in the contact area with the mounting plate or the mounting sheet or the holding flange.
- the longitudinal extension of the holding base is preferably parallel to a plug-in axis or mounting plug-in axis, along which the coupling arm support can be inserted into a plug-in receptacle of the holding base.
- the hole has a non-round or oval shape.
- the welding is provided on the entire or substantially entire inner circumference of the hole in the transition region.
- Figure 5 is a section through the coupling arm carrier according to Figure 4, approximately along a section line A-A in Figure 4,
- Figure 11 is a perspective oblique view of a holding section of the coupling arm support with counter-form-locking elements matching the form-locking elements of the holding base according to Figure 10,
- Figure 12 is a sectional view of the trailer coupling according to the preceding figures, approximately along a section line C-C in Figure 1,
- Figure 13 is a perspective oblique view of another embodiment of a trailer coupling, in which the holding base has a plug-in receptacle for inserting a plug-in projection of the coupling arm carrier, the coupling arm being removed from the coupling arm carrier and the coupling arm carrier being removed from the holding base,
- Figure 14 the trailer coupling according to Figure 13, but in a ready-to-use condition and suitable for coupling a trailer,
- Figure 15 shows a section through the coupling arm carrier according to Figure 13, approximately along a section line D-D,
- Figure 16 is a side view of the trailer coupling of Figures 13-15
- Figure 17 is a partial front view of another coupling arm support after partial machining
- Figure 19 shows the front view of the coupling arm carrier according to Figure 17, but complete and in operational condition
- Figure 20 shows the coupling arm support according to Figure 19 in an oblique view corresponding to Figure 18.
- a trailer coupling 10 is attached or attachable to a rear 101 of a motor vehicle 100.
- the trailer coupling 10 advantageously comprises a support arrangement 90 with a cross member 91, which is attached or attachable to a body 102 of the motor vehicle 100, for example a passenger car, an electric vehicle or the like, by means of side supports 92.
- the side supports 92 comprise, for example, mounting plates 93, which can be attached to the body 102 by means of screws.
- Holding arms 94 protrude from the mounting plates 93, for example in the form of forks, which hold the cross member 91.
- a vehicle mount 95 of the trailer coupling 10 is arranged on the cross member 91.
- the vehicle mount 95 comprises, for example, holding legs 96 to which a holding base 11 of the trailer coupling 10 is fastened using screws 97.
- the holding base 11 is held, for example, in a sandwich-like manner between the holding legs 96.
- the holding legs 96 are fastened to the cross member 91, for example welded to it.
- the holding base 11 could also be fastened directly to the cross member 91, for example screwed to the cross member 91 or the like.
- the support base 11 supports a coupling arm support 50 pivotably about a pivot axis S between a use position G, which is provided for coupling, in particular for towing, a schematically shown trailer AH or coupling a schematically shown load carrier LT, and a non-use position N, which the coupling arm support 50 can assume when not in use, for example when no trailer is to be towed.
- the non-use position N is shown in dashed lines in Figure 1, the use position G in solid lines.
- the holding base 11 thus forms, for example, a bearing base 11 A.
- the coupling arm support 50 protrudes downwards in front of a bumper 103 of the motor vehicle 100, for example, so that a coupling arm 80 can be fastened to the coupling arm support 50.
- the coupling arm support 50 is, for example, adjusted closer to the body 102 of the motor vehicle 100, for example adjusted behind and/or under the bumper 103. It may be necessary for the coupling arm 80 to be removed from the coupling arm support 50 before the coupling arm support 50 is adjusted from the use position G to the non-use position N.
- the coupling arm 80 may also possible for the coupling arm 80 to remain on the coupling arm support 50 when the coupling arm support 50 is adjusted to the non-use position N. Such a situation is indicated in dashed lines in Figure 1.
- the bearing body 14 engages in a bearing receptacle 54 of a holding portion 53 of the coupling arm carrier 50.
- the holding section 53 forms a bearing section 53A, which is pivotably mounted on the bearing base 11A about the pivot axis S.
- the fixing device 20 comprises, for example, form-locking elements 21 which are arranged on an end face 15 of the support section 13 and counter-form-locking elements 22 which are arranged on an end face 55 of the holding section 53 of the coupling arm carrier 50.
- the form-locking elements 21 extend around the bearing body 14 and the counter-form-locking elements 22 around the bearing holder 54 of the coupling arm carrier 50.
- the form-locking elements 21 comprise, for example, form-locking receptacles 21A, 21B and 21C for the form-locking engagement of form-locking projections 22A, 22B and 22C of the counter form-locking elements 22.
- all form-locking elements 21 and counter-form-locking elements 22 it is possible for all form-locking elements 21 and counter-form-locking elements 22 to have the same geometries. In the present case, however, different geometries are provided such that the form-locking elements 21 and the counter-form-locking elements 22 only fit into one another in the use position G and the non-use position N.
- the form-locking receptacles 21A and the form-locking projections 22A are spherical caps and balls, while the form-locking receptacles 21B and the form-locking projections 22B have a somewhat elongated shape and finally the form-locking receptacles 21C and the form-locking projections 22B have a longitudinal shape.
- the fixing device 20 further comprises a fixing drive 23, with which the form-locking elements 21 and the counter-form-locking elements 22 can be brought into and out of engagement.
- the fixing drive 23 thus actuates the coupling arm carrier 50 parallel to the pivot axis S between the fixing position F and the release position L.
- the drive body 29 is accommodated, for example, in a receptacle 51 of the coupling arm carrier 50, which forms part of the bearing receptacle 54 or is arranged next to it.
- the drive body 29 is pressed into the holder 51.
- the coupling arm support 50 further comprises integrally formed eyelets
- the receiving cavities 65 can, for example, facilitate the removal of a forging tool or a casting core.
- the front wall surface 74 is machined, for example ground or milled, so that it is designed as a flat surface.
- the front wall surface 74 can therefore also form a support surface for a collar of a receiving sleeve received in the coupling arm holder 60, for example, which will become clearer below.
- the receiving sleeve 260 projects in front of the coupling arm holder 60 on opposite sides and has an insertion opening 266 for inserting the coupling arm 80, which can project in front of an opening 267 of the receiving sleeve 260 on a side opposite the insertion opening 266.
- the receiving sleeve 260 Longitudinal positions of the receiving sleeve 260 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coupling arm holder 60 are selectable, i.e., the receiving sleeve 260, for example, does not protrude or only protrudes slightly from one of the openings 66 or 67, or protrudes from these openings to different extents. In any case, the extent to which the receiving sleeve 260 protrudes from the opening 67 of the coupling arm holder 60 or from the insertion opening 66 of the coupling arm holder 60 can be selected as required. The only important thing is that the receiving sleeve 260 is firmly held in the coupling arm holder 60, for which the flat support surfaces 62 and 63, which accordingly support the receiving sleeve 260 well, represent an optimal basis.
- the receiving sleeve 260 has, for example, a collar-like bead 269 at its insertion opening 266, which reinforces the receiving sleeve 260.
- a holding base 311 of the trailer coupling 310 which is fastened or can be fastened to the motor vehicle 100, is provided to receive the coupling arm support 350 in a detachably fastenable manner, so that the coupling arm support 350 assumes a position remote from the holding base 311 when not in use or in a non-use position N, i.e. can be stowed, for example, in the luggage compartment of the motor vehicle 100.
- the holding base 311 has a receiving body 312 for receiving and holding a holding section 353 of the coupling arm support 350.
- the holding section 353 is designed, for example, as a plug-in projection 354 or has a plug-in projection 354 that is provided for insertion into a plug-in receptacle 314 of the holding base 311.
- the plug-in receptacle 314 is provided, for example, on the receiving body 312.
- the coupling arm support 350 is attached to the holding base 311, for example by the plug-in projection 354 being inserted into the plug-in receptacle 314.
- the arm section 356 is significantly shorter than the arm section 56 of the coupling arm support 50 of the trailer coupling 10.
- the arm section 356 is designed, for example, as an arc section or curved section.
- the coupling arm support 350 can also be understood in such a way that the holding section 353 is arranged directly on the coupling arm receptacle 60.
- the trailer coupling 310 also comprises a coupling arm 380, whereby the coupling arm 80 can also be easily inserted into the coupling arm receptacle 60 of the coupling arm support 350.
- the coupling arm 380 comprises a coupling body 82 in the form of, for example, a coupling ball and a plug-in section 83 which can be inserted into the coupling arm receptacle 60.
- An arm body 381 of the coupling arm 380 is designed, for example, as a profile tube, but fulfills the same basic function as the arm body 81.
- the locking element 40 already explained is used, for example, which is secured by the locking holders 68 and the locking holders 88 aligned with them on the coupling arm 380. can be pushed through when the coupling arm 380 is inserted into the coupling arm holder 60 in the use position G.
- the trailer coupling 310 comprises a support arrangement 390 with a cross member 391, which can be attached, for example, to the rear 101 of a body 102 in the same way as the cross member 91, for example by means of side supports not visible in the drawing.
- the holding base 311 is held on the support arrangement 390.
- the cross member 391 is designed, for example, as a round tube or profile tube.
- a vehicle bracket 395 with mounting plates 393 is held on the cross member 391.
- the mounting plates 393 can also be referred to as holding flanges or mounting flanges.
- the mounting plates 393 have, for example, through-openings 394 through which the cross member 391 passes.
- the through-openings 394 are designed, for example, in the form of retaining eyes.
- the cross member 391 and the mounting plates 393 are advantageously welded together in the area of the through-openings 394.
- the mounting plates 393 hold the holding base 311.
- the holding base 311 is sandwiched between the mounting plates 393.
- the mounting plates 393 each have holding legs 396A on which the through openings 394 are arranged. Furthermore, the mounting plates 393 have fastening legs 396B that are angled to the holding legs 396A.
- Holes 397 are provided on the mounting plates 393, which extend into the holding legs 396A and the fastening legs 396B.
- An inner circumference of the holes 397 is in contact with the outer circumference of the holding base 311, for example the receiving sleeve for the coupling arm carrier 350.
- a weld is provided on the inner circumference of the holes 397, a so-called hole welding.
- One bottom of the holes 397 is thus closed, so to speak, by the holding base 311, so that a kind of large-area blind hole is formed.
- the holes 397 have an oval or elongated or diamond-shaped shape such that they have pointed or narrow end regions 398 close to the cross member 391 and/or close to the free end region of the receiving sleeve or holding base 311 facing away from the cross member 391. In this way, a particularly high level of strength can be achieved.
- a fastening base 399 for fastening a trailer socket (not shown in the drawing) for supplying electrical power to a load carrier or trailer is advantageously arranged on one of the mounting plates 393.
- the coupling arm support 450 has a different receiving section than the receiving sections 59 and 259.
- the receiving section 459 comprises the coupling arm receptacle 60, namely a plug-in receptacle 60A, which is designed for inserting the coupling arm 80.
- the tubular body 470 has side walls 471 which extend between an upper wall 472 and a lower wall 473.
- a front wall surface 474 at the insertion opening 66, which thus extends around the insertion opening 66, is designed as a flat surface and a surface produced by machining.
- Eyelets 475 extend from the lower wall 473 and are designed similarly to the eyelets 375.
- the arm body 57 extends between the receiving portion 459 and the bearing body 52 or holding portion 53, which has already been described.
- the coupling arm holder 60 of the coupling arm carrier 450 is, in contrast to the coupling arm holders 60 described so far, based on the cutting tool SW2 and an additional cutting tool SW1.
- no receiving cavities 65 are provided on the inner corner regions 64, because the machining explained below using the cutting tool SW1, which precedes the machining using the tool SW2 and in which a raw coupling arm holder 460 is produced, allows the cutting tool SW2 to be easily inserted into the raw coupling arm holder 460 from the insertion opening 66.
- the use of the forging tools S1 and S2 possibly also the use of similarly shaped casting cores or casting tools, creates the raw inner peripheral contour or raw contour 161 with the obliquely inclined raw partial support surfaces 162A, 163A and 162B and 163B.
- These may not initially be suitable for directly inserting the cutting tool SW2, namely for example a broach, into the insertion opening 66 in order to produce the coupling arm holder 60 and/or the at least one support surface 62 and/or 63 by machining.
- the raw inner circumferential contour or raw contour 161 is first pre-machined using a tool SW1, for example a milling tool and/or a drilling tool, whereby recesses 462 and 463 are created on the raw partial support surfaces 162A, 163A and 162B and 163B.
- the tool SW1 is, for example, rotationally driven (arrow RO) and is adjusted, for example, in the raw contour 161 by a positioning drive (indicated by arrows PX) so that the recesses 462, 463 are produced, whereby an outer circumference of the tool SW1 engages in the raw contour 161 by machining, for example milling into it.
- the depressions 462, 463 are, for example, trough-shaped and extend into the partial support surfaces 162A, 163A, 162B, 163B.
- a bottom of a respective depression 462, 463 is close to the contour of a support surface 62, 63 to be produced thereon or has only relatively little material compared to such a support surface 62, 63 produced later, e.g. by machining.
- the recesses 462, 463 form an envelope of a basic contour 461, which is, for example, an approximately circular contour or at least forms such an inner peripheral contour.
- the basic contour 461 produced by machining using the tool SW1 makes it possible to insert a front section SW2V of the tool SW2 into the insertion opening 66 in order to finally form the coupling arm holder 60, in particular to form the support surfaces 62, 63 as flat surfaces.
- the surroundings of the recesses 462, 463 are successively removed in the direction of the inner corner regions 64, i.e. the flat surfaces 62, 63 are produced by machining starting from a respective recess 462, 463, with material also being removed from the raw inner corner regions 464 of the raw contour 161 in order to form the inner corner regions 64.
- the pre-machining region SWV of the tool SW2 can also be involved in this production of the inner corner regions 64 and the support surfaces 62, 63.
- the machining region SWE which represents a final machining region, so to speak, creates an inner circumferential contour 61 extending from the insertion opening 66 to the rear opening 67, in which the support surfaces 62 lie parallel to one another and the support surfaces 63 lie parallel to one another.
- the tool SW1 therefore forms a first machining tool and the tool SW2 forms a second machining tool.
- a first rough contour or basic contour 161 is initially created, from which a further rough contour or second basic contour 461 is produced by using the first cutting tool SW1, which is then formed into the final inner peripheral contour 61 of the coupling arm holder 60 by using the second cutting tool SW2.
- the oblique or conical course of the raw partial support surfaces 162A, 163A and 162B, 163B can be seen in Figure 18, for example, in that the recesses 462, 463, which are produced by the first cutting tool SW1, for example a milling tool, have a smaller width in the area of the insertion opening 66 in relation to the insertion axis K or feed axis, i.e. for example the longitudinal axis of the coupling arm holder 60, than in the area of the longitudinal center or the central area 164.
- the first cutting tool SW1 has, for example, a round or rounded outer circumferential contour AUK1 in order to produce the rough contour 461.
- the second tool SW2, for example the broach has an outer circumferential contour AUK2 that is different from the outer circumferential contour AUK1.
- the outer circumferential contour AUK2 is essentially rectangular or square.
- the second outer circumferential contour in the finishing area SWE is suitable for the direct production of the opposing planes and flat support surfaces 62-62 and 63-63.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022127287 | 2022-10-18 | ||
| DE102023102377 | 2023-01-31 | ||
| DE102023102811 | 2023-02-06 | ||
| PCT/EP2023/078885 WO2024083865A1 (de) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | Anhängekupplung mit einem kupplungsarmträger und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4605250A1 true EP4605250A1 (de) | 2025-08-27 |
Family
ID=88598825
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23798118.8A Pending EP4605250A1 (de) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | Anhängekupplung mit einem kupplungsarmträger und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4605250A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023128467A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024083865A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB202403147D0 (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-17 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Deployable towbar system |
| DE102024111707A1 (de) * | 2024-03-11 | 2025-09-11 | ACPS Automotive GmbH | Anbaueinheit |
| DE102024123334A1 (de) * | 2024-08-15 | 2026-02-19 | ACPS Automotive GmbH | Halteeinrichtung |
| DE102024131695A1 (de) * | 2024-10-30 | 2026-04-30 | ACPS Automotive GmbH | Kupplungsvorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060225264A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-12 | Murali Mahidhara | Tow hitch receiver |
| EP3507113A1 (de) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-07-10 | Horizon Global Americas Inc. | Abnehmbarer empfänger |
| DE102017109488A1 (de) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-08 | ACPS Automotive GmbH | An einem Heckbereich eines Kraftfahrzeugs montierbare Halteeinrichtung |
| US20190016183A1 (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | Horizon Global Americas Inc. | Integrated hitch system |
| US11179983B2 (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2021-11-23 | Morgan Olson Corporation | Trailer hitch mounting assembly |
| DE112022002547A5 (de) | 2021-07-06 | 2024-03-07 | Westfalia-Automotive Gmbh | Anhängekupplung mit Betätigungskonturen und Widerlagerkonturen |
-
2023
- 2023-10-17 WO PCT/EP2023/078885 patent/WO2024083865A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-17 EP EP23798118.8A patent/EP4605250A1/de active Pending
- 2023-10-17 DE DE102023128467.3A patent/DE102023128467A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102023128467A1 (de) | 2024-04-18 |
| WO2024083865A1 (de) | 2024-04-25 |
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