EP4558781A1 - Treibkäfig - Google Patents
TreibkäfigInfo
- Publication number
- EP4558781A1 EP4558781A1 EP23741334.9A EP23741334A EP4558781A1 EP 4558781 A1 EP4558781 A1 EP 4558781A1 EP 23741334 A EP23741334 A EP 23741334A EP 4558781 A1 EP4558781 A1 EP 4558781A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sabot
- segments
- projectile
- struts
- pressure flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
- F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
- F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sabot for a sub-caliber projectile, in particular for a balancing projectile, comprising a plurality of sabot segments adjoining one another in a circumferential direction, each of which has a front part in a firing direction as a push part and a rear part in the firing direction as a pull part have, between which there is a pressure flange, the sabot and the sabot segments having a front end region in the firing direction and a rear end region in the firing direction, the front part and also the rear part of the sabot segments having recesses open radially outwards which are arranged one after the other in the circumferential direction and are delimited by struts extending in the weft direction, the struts extending between the front end region in the weft direction and the pressure flange and between the rear end region in the weft direction and the pressure flange.
- a sabot for a sub-caliber bullet should fulfill several functions in a satisfactory manner. It must first seal the annular gap remaining between the projectile, which is often referred to as a penetrator for impact projectiles, and the barrel wall so that the propellant gases can be used effectively to drive the projectile in the weapon barrel. Furthermore, the sabot guides the projectile in the weapon barrel so that it precisely follows the barrel axis of the weapon barrel without lateral deflection or deflection.
- the sabot In the case of very sub-caliber projectiles, the sabot must also support and stabilize the projectile during acceleration in the weapon barrel, whereby the force introduced into the projectile via the sabot should, if possible, be distributed into the projectile over a larger section of the longitudinal extent of the projectile. If force is applied to the projectile too concentratedly - as is often the case with sabot projectiles with a rear or front sabot - the projectile threatens to collapse and tear under the effect of inertial forces. After sabot bullets have passed through the muzzle, the sabot and bullet separate from each other. The final ballistic effect of the projectile is achieved solely by what is in the The projectile hitting the target structure itself. The kinetic energy stored in the sabot is therefore lost with regard to a final ballistic effect.
- the sabot should be stable and expansive in order to be able to absorb the propellant charge pressure caused by the explosion of the propellant charge and to be able to transmit it to the projectile largely evenly and over a significant length of the projectile in order to accelerate the projectile in the weapon barrel.
- the sabot should be designed with the lowest possible mass in order to minimize the kinetic energy that is not available in the final ballistics.
- a sabot of the type mentioned is known, which is designed to be weight-optimized by providing recesses in the sabot segments.
- a wall thickness in the rear end area of the sabot segments should be thin so that a low bending stiffness is achieved there in order to enable the propulsion body segments to fold down after the muzzle has passed through without sudden transverse forces being introduced into the projectile.
- this is possible This is accompanied by a deterioration in the guiding and supporting function of the sabot for the projectile.
- US 5, 196, 650 shows a sabot projectile, which is also not of the generic type, with a sabot with a sabot arranged at the end, i.e. at the rear.
- the sabot and its sabot segments are or are massively rotationally symmetrical except for slot-shaped recesses formed on the inside, the recesses serving to accommodate temperature-sensitive memory metal plates between two sabot segments, which are intended to support the separation of the sabot segments from one another at the intended time.
- DE 39 04 626 Al shows a non-generic sabot projectile with a sabot with a sabot on the front and a cylindrical guide segment in the rear part.
- DE 10 2004 017 675 Al shows a sabot projectile of the push-pull type with solidly formed propulsion body segments, at the front ends of which webs made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic are attached, which provide an annular support and Wear guide body.
- a similar sabot projectile is shown in DE 10 2004 017 674 Al, in which a front annular support and guide body, which also has predetermined breaking points, with radial struts and an inner sleeve body is inserted axially from the front into the assembled drive body segments by means of the inner sleeve body.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a sabot in which, on the one hand, a high muzzle velocity of the propellant projectile is achieved and the kinetic energy that is not available in the final ballistics is minimized and, on the other hand, the guiding and supporting function of the sabot is not significantly impaired and there are no shock-like transverse forces be introduced onto the floor.
- the struts in the front part of the sabot segments run radially outwards with a respective front end strut area and thereby merge in one piece into an outer cylindrical ring body segment and hold and support this ring body segment, and that the Ring body segments adjoin one another in the circumferential direction and form a ring body, and that the ring body has through openings extending in the axial direction, which are arranged in the circumferential direction between the struts.
- the struts in the front part of the sabot segments essentially take over and transmit the entire pressure forces from the pressure flange to the front and to the projectile. This results in a locally concentrated application of force to the projectile, namely in the area of a respective strut. Because the struts also extend radially outward in their respective front end strut area and merge in one piece into the outer cylindrical ring body segment, they are supported by the inside of the weapon tube from the radial outside and guided through the weapon tube. In this way, the occurrence of uncontrolled vibrations in the area of the front struts and thus a shock-like application of force and transmission of force from the front struts to the projectile can be avoided and at least reduced.
- the struts in the front end strut area extending radially outwards are also stabilized in position by the high air pressure flanking them in the area of the passage openings.
- the recesses have the advantage that the pressure flange can be formed with pocket-shaped recesses on its front side and that flow can flow effectively through these pocket-shaped recesses through the passage openings after the sabot projectile has passed through the muzzle, so that the sabot segments can detach themselves from the projectile.
- the respective front end strut area extending radially outwards has a greater wall thickness in the circumferential direction running concentrically to the longitudinal direction than in an area of the same strut that is adjacent to it and lies behind it. As a result, the strut in question is made even more stable in the particularly stressed front end area.
- the front or rear struts and preferably the front and rear struts are designed in such a way that their wall thickness increases in the circumferential direction concentric to the longitudinal direction in the direction of the pressure flange, i.e. from the front and from the rear in the direction on the pressure flange increases. This can also be done Improved torsional stability of the sabot can be achieved.
- each sabot segment has exactly one strut extending in the firing direction, so that the ring body segment of each sabot segment is held and supported by exactly one strut.
- a particularly weight-optimized design of the driving body segments can be realized in the area in front of the pressure flange, i.e. in the front in the firing direction.
- pocket-shaped recesses are formed in the front part of the sabot segments in the area of the pressure flange against the firing direction, which are delimited in the circumferential direction by the struts in the front part of the sabot segments. This measure can support the weight optimization and the detachment behavior of the propellant segments from the bullet after the muzzle has passed through. It also proves to be advantageous if the through openings are in the Viewed from the firing direction, align with the pocket-shaped recesses in the area of the pressure flange. In this way, an effective flow against the pocket-shaped recesses can be achieved.
- the struts of the sabot segments are inclined in a longitudinal center plane enclosing the firing direction, starting from the pressure flange, towards the firing direction and along their extension backwards and forwards, each falling inwards, or In other words, the struts rise radially outwards from the front and rear towards the pressure flange.
- the radially outer boundary line of the struts is inclined to the firing direction or tube core axis. This also has a beneficial effect on the torsional rigidity and stability of the sabot.
- the forces exerted by the propellant charge pressure on the rear part of the three body segments and in particular on the pressure flange can be transmitted radially inwards to the projectile via a larger strut cross section of the rear struts as tensile forces and the front struts as compressive forces.
- the struts in the rear part of the sabot segments have a rear end strut area with a constant radial wall thickness.
- the sabot segments is surrounded in its rear end area by an annular holding element with solvent breaking points, which only detaches itself from the projectile when the sabot segments are folded down and by means of which the rear end of the sabot segments is initially held in contact and positively supported against the projectile in the firing direction can be so that the sabot segments can fold away from the projectile after passing through the muzzle, but initially remain held together with their rear end and are supported against the projectile, with the annular holding element finally being broken open to allow the sabot segments to be detached.
- the holding element is designed to be sleeve-shaped and cylindrical.
- the sabot segments after the sabot segments have been mounted on the projectile, it can be pushed onto the end region of the sabot from behind, or it can be molded directly against the sabot.
- the holding element can have weakening lines extending essentially in the longitudinal direction, which form the predetermined breaking points.
- an annularly closed guide band is applied to the pressure flange radially on the outside, which is first produced separately from the sabot and then afterwards is pushed from behind onto the sabot already holding the projectile until it reaches a proper mounting position radially on the outside of the pressure flange under radial expansion and springback.
- an improved seal and thus more effective use of the propellant charge pressure to accelerate the sabot projectile can be achieved through a suitable choice of material for the guide band, in particular made of a material that is softer than the material of the sabot.
- the intended mounting position of the guide band is designed to be form-fitting radially on the outside of the pressure flange. This makes it possible to avoid unintentional displacement of the guide band during the acceleration process of the sabot projectile in the weapon barrel.
- the pressure flange on the outer circumference has surface sections which run and are aligned in a sawtooth-like or wedge-shaped manner and which are designed to complement corresponding surface sections radially on the inside of the guide band.
- the invention also relates to a sabot projectile with a projectile and a sabot according to the present invention which is positively and releasably connected to the projectile in a firing direction.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the sabot according to the invention.
- FIG 2 is a view of the sabot according to Figure 1 with a projectile accommodated therein in the form of an arrow projectile;
- Figure 3 is a perspective detailed view of a guide band for pulling onto the pressure flange of the sabot according to the invention
- Figure 4 is a view corresponding to Figure 2 with a holding element with predetermined breaking points in a rear end region of the sabot.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a sabot 2 according to the invention for a sub-caliber projectile 4, which is indicated in Figure 2.
- the projectile 4 can be a so-called impact projectile, in particular an arrow projectile, as is typically used for armor-piercing ammunition. It is also commonly referred to as a penetrator.
- the sabot 2 exemplarily and preferably comprises three sabot segments 8 adjoining one another in a circumferential direction 6, each of which comprises a segment of 120°.
- the sabot 2 or the three sabot segments 8 comprise one in one Weft direction 10 or longitudinal direction front part 12, which is referred to as the push part for reasons to be explained, and a rear part 14 in the weft direction 10 or longitudinal direction, which is referred to as pull part.
- a pressure flange 16 is arranged between the front part 12 and the rear part 14, by means of which the sabot 2 lies directly or indirectly against the inner wall of the weapon barrel in a sealing manner, so that the propellant charge pressure resulting from the burning of the propellant charge of the ammunition affects the sabot 2 and with it the Projectile 4 can accelerate in the weapon barrel in a manner known per se.
- the sabot 2 or The sabot segments 8 further comprise a rear end region 20 in the firing direction 10 and a front end region 22 in the firing direction 10.
- the sabot segments 8 are not designed to be solidly rotationally symmetrical to the firing direction 10 or longitudinal direction, but rather the front part 12 and also the rear part 14 have recesses 24 which are open radially outwards and which are in the circumferential direction 6 are arranged one after the other and are designed to be elongated in the firing direction 10 or longitudinal direction or axial direction. They are each laterally limited by struts 26 in the front part 12 and struts 28 in the rear part 14 extending in the firing direction 10 .
- the struts 26 extend in the front part 12 between said front end region 22 and the pressure flange 16, and the struts 28 extend in the rear part 14 between the rear end region 20 and the pressure flange 16.
- the radial height of the struts 26 and 28 increases in the direction of the pressure flange 16. This makes it possible to achieve a stable introduction and dissipation of tensile forces and compressive forces starting from the pressure flange 16 onto the struts 26, 28 and the remaining sabot material.
- this rear part 14 of the sabot 2 is subjected to the entire propellant charge pressure, this rear part 14 is subjected to total tension radially on the inside due to the positive coupling with the projectile, which is why it is referred to as a pull part.
- pressure or thrust forces are exerted and introduced into the front part 12, which is why this front part 12 is referred to as the “push part”.
- the introduction and transmission of the tensile forces into the rear part 14 and the compressive forces into the front part 12 takes place predominantly via the elongated struts 28 or .
- Running strut area 30 holds and supports the ring body segments 32.
- the ring body segments 32 adjoin one another in the circumferential direction 6 and thus form a closed ring body 34.
- This ring body 34 is designed radially on the outside in such a way that it can be placed against the inside of the weapon barrel in a sealing and supporting manner.
- Said front end strut area 30 is in
- Circumferential direction 6 preferably also with a larger one
- Wall thickness d formed as an adjacent area the relevant strut 26, which can be clearly seen from Figure 1. This wall thickness d increases radially outward in the transition to the respective ring body segment 32 in order to enable stable support of the ring body 34 .
- the ring body 34 further comprises through openings 36 which extend in the firing direction 10 and which are arranged in the circumferential direction 6 between the struts 26 .
- these through openings 36 reduce the air resistance of the ring body 34, and on the other hand they are aligned with pocket-shaped recesses 38 which are curved in the opposite direction to the firing direction 10 and are formed starting from a front side of the pressure flange 16 into the pressure flange 16. This in turn reduces mass.
- the formation of the pocket-shaped recesses 38 after the muzzle passage of the sabot projectile exerts a tilting force directed radially outwards on the three sabot segments 8, whereby the sabot segments 8 fold away from the projectile and detach themselves.
- the struts 26, 28 of the sabot segments 8 are viewed transversely to the firing direction 10 and, viewed in a longitudinal center plane enclosing the firing direction, are inclined to the firing direction. Starting from the pressure flange 16, they fall backwards and forwards radially inwards, or in other words their radially outer boundary line rises from the back and front in the direction of the pressure flange 16. Hers too Wall thickness in the circumferential direction increases towards the pressure flange 16. This also supports the derivation of tensile forces and compressive forces, which are mainly generated from the pressure flange 16, and increases the torsional rigidity of the sabot 2 as a whole.
- Figure 2 shows the sabot 2 applied to a projectile 4.
- the struts in the rear part 14 of the sabot segments 8 have a rear end strut area with a constant radial wall thickness. It would also be conceivable that the rear end region 20 of the sabot segments is designed to be externally cylindrical, in particular to a length of a few centimeters, approximately up to 8cm in length, so that there are no longer any struts there.
- annular holding element 44 with predetermined breaking points 46 running in the longitudinal direction could be applied in the rear end region 20, which only detaches from the projectile 4 when the sabot segments 8 are folded away, as described at the beginning (this is in Figure 4 shown).
- the holding element 44 could be sleeve-shaped, cylindrical and have weakening lines extending essentially in the firing direction or longitudinal direction as predetermined breaking points 46.
- a sectional partial view of an annularly closed guide band 50 is shown in FIG.
- the annularly closed guide band 50 can be manufactured separately from the sabot segments 8 and can then be pushed from behind onto the sabot 2 that already accommodates and surrounds the projectile 4 until it is radially expanded and springs back into a proper mounting position radially on the outside of the pressure flange 16 reached.
- the guide band 50 has surface sections 52 which are wedge-shaped and aligned with one another and which extend and are designed to be complementary to corresponding surface sections 54 radially on the outside of the pressure flange 16.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022118022.0A DE102022118022A1 (de) | 2022-07-19 | 2022-07-19 | Treibkäfig |
| PCT/EP2023/069013 WO2024017683A1 (de) | 2022-07-19 | 2023-07-10 | Treibkäfig |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4558781A1 true EP4558781A1 (de) | 2025-05-28 |
Family
ID=87280306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23741334.9A Pending EP4558781A1 (de) | 2022-07-19 | 2023-07-10 | Treibkäfig |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4558781A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025528017A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250036154A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3261609A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022118022A1 (de) |
| IL (1) | IL318412A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024017683A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3904626A1 (de) | 1989-02-16 | 1990-08-30 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Treibspiegel fuer ein unterkalibriges geschoss |
| DE4206217C2 (de) | 1992-02-28 | 1997-08-14 | Rheinmetall Ind Ag | Unterkalibriges Wuchtgeschoß |
| US5196650A (en) | 1992-06-03 | 1993-03-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Projectile and sabot assembly |
| WO2000000780A1 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-06 | Primex Technologies, Inc. | Low spin sabot |
| DE102004017674A1 (de) | 2004-04-10 | 2005-10-27 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines segmentierten Treibkäfigs für ein unterkalibriges Wuchtgeschoss |
| DE102004017675A1 (de) | 2004-04-10 | 2005-10-27 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines segmentierten Treibkäfigs für ein unterkalibriges Wuchtgeschoss |
| DE102008029395A1 (de) | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-24 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Treibkäfiggeschoss |
| US9488455B1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2016-11-08 | Consolidated Nuclear Security, LLC | Sabot assembly |
| DE102020115703B4 (de) | 2020-06-15 | 2024-02-22 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Treibkäfig |
-
2022
- 2022-07-19 DE DE102022118022.0A patent/DE102022118022A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-10 JP JP2025502653A patent/JP2025528017A/ja active Pending
- 2023-07-10 EP EP23741334.9A patent/EP4558781A1/de active Pending
- 2023-07-10 KR KR1020257003272A patent/KR20250036154A/ko active Pending
- 2023-07-10 CA CA3261609A patent/CA3261609A1/en active Pending
- 2023-07-10 WO PCT/EP2023/069013 patent/WO2024017683A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-07-10 IL IL318412A patent/IL318412A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL318412A (en) | 2025-03-01 |
| CA3261609A1 (en) | 2025-04-24 |
| JP2025528017A (ja) | 2025-08-26 |
| WO2024017683A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 |
| KR20250036154A (ko) | 2025-03-13 |
| DE102022118022A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 |
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