EP4558735A1 - Gewichts- und belastungsoptimierte rotorhohlwelle und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Gewichts- und belastungsoptimierte rotorhohlwelle und verfahren zu seiner herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4558735A1 EP4558735A1 EP23744721.4A EP23744721A EP4558735A1 EP 4558735 A1 EP4558735 A1 EP 4558735A1 EP 23744721 A EP23744721 A EP 23744721A EP 4558735 A1 EP4558735 A1 EP 4558735A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hollow
- section
- axis
- rotor shaft
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/40—Shaping by deformation without removing material
- F16C2220/44—Shaping by deformation without removing material by rolling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/40—Shaping by deformation without removing material
- F16C2220/46—Shaping by deformation without removing material by forging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
- F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
- F16C2240/70—Diameters; Radii
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/06—Drive shafts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hollow rotor shaft and a method for producing a rotor shaft.
- Rotor (hollow) shafts are components in, among other things, electric motors, especially in electric motors for on-road electric or hybrid vehicles, and have the task of supporting a laminated core of the rotor and transmitting torque from the electric motor.
- the total weight of such a design should be as low as possible in order to increase the range of the electric or hybrid vehicle or to reduce power consumption.
- the rotor shaft is designed as a hollow body, on the one hand in order to be able to introduce a cooling medium within the hollow shaft, which absorbs the heat via convection and dissipates it accordingly, and on the other hand to save weight and costs.
- a generic hollow rotor shaft is known from the application DE 10 2020 215 933 Al.
- a hollow rotor shaft has two bearing points, with the torque being transmitted via an external or internal toothing on the output side of the hollow rotor shaft to a drive shaft unit that is in contact with the hollow rotor shaft via the toothing.
- This means that the hollow rotor shaft is exposed to significantly greater loads in the area of the output side than on the opposite side.
- the hollow rotor shaft on the output side has to be sufficiently dimensioned in order not to fail, so that the wall thickness in the other areas is oversized.
- the hollow rotor shaft is too heavy and is correspondingly more expensive to produce (material costs).
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a hollow rotor shaft and a method for producing it, which no longer has the aforementioned disadvantages.
- This task is solved by a hollow rotor shaft with the features of patent claim 1.
- This task is solved by a method for producing a hollow rotor shaft with the features of patent claim 5.
- the hollow rotor shaft has two bearing areas for receiving one bearing each, one bearing area forming an end section of the hollow rotor shaft and the other bearing area an output side of the hollow rotor shaft is provided.
- the storage area forming an end section can be designed to be open or preferably closed.
- the storage area(s) are designed such that they can be rotatably received in corresponding bearings in the electrical component.
- a hollow rotor shaft comprising a hollow shaft body with a constant outer diameter running at least in sections along its axis and a section running along its axis for receiving a laminated core, by additionally providing a varying inner diameter running at least in sections along the axis of the shaft body a load-optimized and weight-optimized rotor hollow shaft can be provided.
- the inner diameter which varies essentially in the section of the laminated core to be arranged or received along the axis, and thus the varying cross section, allows a weight-optimized design of the wall thickness of the hollow shaft body or the hollow rotor shaft, so that essentially there is no longer any over-dimensioning of material in areas that are not critical to the load.
- the hollow rotor shaft is made in one piece, with the entire hollow rotor shaft being manufactured from a semi-finished product using spinning rollers.
- the section on the hollow shaft body that serves to receive the laminated core is designed, for example, to receive the laminated core in a positive and/or non-positive manner.
- the constant outside diameter preferably extends completely along the entire section used to accommodate the laminated core.
- the inner diameter preferably varies at least within or along the section used to accommodate the laminated core.
- the sheet metal package consists of a large number of punched sheets, in particular electrical steel, which are individually adapted to the requirements.
- the design of the laminated core is state of the art.
- the bearing area of the hollow rotor shaft provided on an output side can form an end section which is designed to be open, the end section in particular having an inner contour which serves to accommodate a drive shaft.
- the end section can therefore accommodate a bearing in the storage area on the outside and a drive shaft on the inside via an inner contour, preferably an internal toothing.
- an additional area facing away from the section used to receive a laminated core can be arranged as an end section, which has an inner and / or outer contour, which serves to receive a drive shaft.
- an inner contour, preferably an internal toothing, or an outer contour, preferably an external toothing, or a combination of internal and external toothing can be used in the additional area.
- the inner diameter is designed with a constant outer diameter along the axis within or in the section used to accommodate the laminated core in such a way that in a load simulation a substantially uniform stress distribution is established in the section for receiving the laminated core.
- the Mises equivalent stress is a common method with which failure of the component can be determined if a limit value is exceeded.
- This method and the corresponding software are known to experts.
- An “essentially” uniform comparison stress or stress distribution means that individual values along an examined length/distance can fluctuate around a defined value in the range of +/- 10%, in particular +/- 5%.
- the defined value should therefore preferably be chosen to be constant along the length/distance examined. In particular, this can also depend on the material to be used as well as on the mechanical properties of the material.
- the inner diameter starting in or at the section for receiving the laminated core on the side facing the output side is smaller than that ending in or at the section for receiving the laminated core on the side facing away from the output side.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a hollow rotor shaft, comprising a hollow shaft body with a constant outer diameter extending at least in sections along its axis and a section extending along its axis for receiving a laminated core, the method comprising the following steps:
- the forming is carried out by means of flow-forming in one or more flow-forming steps and the rotor hollow shaft is thereby made in one piece.
- Flow forming is a process for the non-cutting shaping of rotationally symmetrical hollow bodies.
- a semi-finished product is clamped and/or fixed on a spinning chuck and set in rotation.
- At least one pressure disk/roller or another correspondingly suitable means is moved against the rotating semi-finished product, so that forming takes place partially through compressive stresses that are introduced into the material of the semi-finished product by the radially guided pressure rollers.
- the material flows and takes on the contour of the internal spinning chuck in an axial processing step from one end of the semi-finished product to the other. If the spinning chuck is circular, the spin-rolled shaft body has a circular cylindrical internal geometry.
- Hot or cold-rolled sheet metal workpieces preferably made of an iron-based material, preferably made of a steel material, prefabricated in the form of a blank or as a tube, which has been formed from a sheet metal workpiece into a tube/hollow profile, serve in particular as metallic semi-finished products.
- the thickness of the semi-finished product can be between 2.0 and 25.0 mm.
- the thickness is in particular at least 3.5 mm, preferably at least 5.0 mm and is in particular limited to a maximum of 22.0 mm, preferably a maximum of 20.0 mm, preferably a maximum of 15.0 mm.
- a forged part can also be provided as a metal semi-finished product.
- a stress distribution for example according to von Mises, is determined by means of a load simulation along or in the section for receiving the laminated core and this is used to design the inside diameter with a constant outside diameter along the axis in such a way that a substantially uniform stress distribution, for example according to von Mises in or along the section for receiving the laminated core.
- FIG. 1 shows a simulated load on a hollow rotor shaft known from the prior art (top) and a simulated load on a hollow rotor shaft according to the invention (bottom) and
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a hollow rotor shaft according to the invention.
- Figure 1 shows two load simulations along a distance of approx. 300 mm in the section where the laminated core of a hollow rotor shaft designed for an electric motor is located, with von Mises voltages listed as ordinates, shown here in a standardized form.
- the calculations were carried out using the FEM tool integrated in Catia V5. With this tool, the three-dimensional stress state in a component can be represented by specifying forces and/or torques that act on a component with mechanical properties defined by the material selection.
- the simulation is comparable to that in DE 10 2020 215 933 Al with constant wall thickness, i.e. in addition to the constant outside diameter along the section for receiving the laminated core, a constant inside diameter has also been provided along the axis of the hollow shaft body.
- the left side corresponds to the output side and therefore clearly shows the main load side.
- the simulation also shows that the Mises equivalent stress decreases steadily, particularly due to the constant cross-section.
- a substantially uniform stress distribution can be set in section (B), see bottom diagram in FIG , a higher wall thickness is required on the output side than on the opposite side facing away from the output side. Based on the simulation, the wall thickness can be designed as required, particularly in the section (B) used to accommodate the laminated core (not shown) along the axis (A).
- a hollow rotor shaft (1) comprising a hollow shaft body (2) with a constant outer diameter (D a ) running at least in sections along its axis (A) and a section (B) running along its axis (A) for receiving a laminated core, wherein the hollow shaft body (2) has a varying inner diameter (D,) which extends at least in sections along its axis (A).
- the inner diameter (D,) increases steadily from the output side (Ab), at least within the section (B), to the opposite side, Du ⁇ D i2 ⁇ D i3 .
- the inner diameter (Di) running within the section (B) can, for example, be designed in a cone or funnel shape. Also other ver- Runs to increase the inner diameter (D,) from the output side (Ab) continuously or suddenly are conceivable.
- the hollow rotor shaft (1) has two bearing areas (3, 4) for receiving a bearing (not shown), one bearing area (4) forming an end section of the hollow rotor shaft (1) and the other bearing area (3) on an output side (Ab).
- Rotor hollow shaft (1) is provided.
- an additional area (5) facing away from the section (B) is arranged as an end section, which has an inner and / or outer contour, not shown, which is used to hold a drive shaft, not shown.
- means can be provided on the hollow rotor shaft (1) or on the outside of the hollow shaft body (2) for positively and/or non-positively receiving/fixing a laminated core (not shown) on the hollow shaft body (2).
- a laminated core (not shown) on the hollow shaft body (2).
- grooves (not shown), at least one and, if necessary, several distributed on the circumference of the shaft body (2), can be formed along the axis (A) for the positive reception of a laminated core.
- cooling channels can also be provided within the hollow rotor shaft (1).
- Hollow rotor shafts (1) according to the invention are used in electric drives, in particular in electric motors of road vehicles.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022118352.1A DE102022118352A1 (de) | 2022-07-22 | 2022-07-22 | Gewichts- und belastungsoptimierte Rotorhohlwelle und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| PCT/EP2023/069810 WO2024017838A1 (de) | 2022-07-22 | 2023-07-17 | Gewichts- und belastungsoptimierte rotorhohlwelle und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4558735A1 true EP4558735A1 (de) | 2025-05-28 |
Family
ID=87429515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23744721.4A Pending EP4558735A1 (de) | 2022-07-22 | 2023-07-17 | Gewichts- und belastungsoptimierte rotorhohlwelle und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4558735A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022118352A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024017838A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006047186A1 (de) | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Siemens Ag | Radsatzwelle für eine achsreitende elektrische Antriebsmaschine und Antriebseinheit |
| DE102012008015A1 (de) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-24 | Daimler Ag | Rotorträger und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotorträgers |
| DE102013226929B4 (de) | 2013-12-20 | 2025-12-31 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur umformenden Herstellung einer Hohlwelle |
| US9630451B2 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2017-04-25 | American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. | Method of manufacturing hollow axle shaft for a vehicle |
| CN108258834A (zh) | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 上海大郡动力控制技术有限公司 | 电机转子与轴承的连接结构 |
| CN106734839B (zh) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-10-23 | 上海理工大学 | 一种预防变截面变壁厚中间轴旋锻过程中出现缺陷的方法 |
| US11146133B2 (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2021-10-12 | General Electric Company | Electric machine with rotor coolant and lubrication distribution system, and systems and methods of cooling and lubricating an electric machine |
| JP2020162198A (ja) | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | ロータ及び回転電機用ロータの製造方法 |
| CN112238205A (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-19 | 东风商用车有限公司 | 一种重载汽车空心半轴的制造方法及空心半轴 |
| DE102020215933A1 (de) | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-15 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Gewichtsoptimierte Rotorwelle und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE102020007864A1 (de) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-04 | Daimler Ag | Hohlwelle für eine Rotor einer Maschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs, sowie Verfahren |
| CN113477857B (zh) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-11-08 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | 一种空心电机轴的成形加工方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-22 DE DE102022118352.1A patent/DE102022118352A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-17 WO PCT/EP2023/069810 patent/WO2024017838A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-07-17 EP EP23744721.4A patent/EP4558735A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024017838A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 |
| DE102022118352A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 |
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