EP4519237A1 - Herstellung terminal ungesättigter (meth)acrylat-vernetzer - Google Patents
Herstellung terminal ungesättigter (meth)acrylat-vernetzerInfo
- Publication number
- EP4519237A1 EP4519237A1 EP23723499.2A EP23723499A EP4519237A1 EP 4519237 A1 EP4519237 A1 EP 4519237A1 EP 23723499 A EP23723499 A EP 23723499A EP 4519237 A1 EP4519237 A1 EP 4519237A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- meth
- acrylate
- catalyst
- mixture
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with a carbon-to-oxygen ether bond, e.g. acetal, tetrahydrofuran
- C07C67/26—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with a carbon-to-oxygen ether bond, e.g. acetal, tetrahydrofuran with an oxirane ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C67/52—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C67/54—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C69/533—Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C69/54—Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a di(meth)acrylate diester mixture which contains a first and a second di(meth)acrylate diester by reacting a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture with (meth)acrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4 -Alkyl (meth)acrylate.
- the invention further relates to a di(meth)acrylate diester mixture obtainable by the process according to the invention.
- Di(meth)acrylate diesters are known as crosslinkers for polyalkyl (meth)acrylates and are often prepared by transesterification of methyl (meth)acrylate with a diol or an epoxide or by esterification of (meth)acrylic anhydride with a diol or an epoxide. Various methods for this are described in the prior art.
- DE 10 2011 005 003 A1 describes a reactor for reacting alkylene oxides, in particular for producing glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, such as hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates.
- Di(meth)acrylate diesters are not formed or are formed only to a very small extent.
- WO 2020/035561 describes the production of a di(meth)acrylate diester by reacting a (meth)acrylic anhydride with an epoxide in the presence of a catalyst and a chromium-containing co-catalyst.
- R 1 is H or CH3
- R 2 is H or CH3
- R3 is H or CH3
- R 4 is H or CH 3 ,
- R 5 is H or CH3
- R 6 is H or CH3, and n is 2 or 3; wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) reacting (meth)acrylic acid with at least one epoxide selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in the presence of a first catalyst to obtain a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture, wherein the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture contains the following components (C) and (D) as well as the first catalyst: (C) at least one first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate of the general formula (III) in the
- R 1 is H or CH3
- R2 is H or CH3
- R 4 is H or CH 3 , R 5 is H or CH3, and n is 2 or 3; b) distillation of the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture obtained in step a) to obtain a first top stream which contains component (C) and a first bottom stream which contains component (D) and residues of component (C) as well as the first catalyst c) reacting the first bottom stream obtained in step b) with (meth)acrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate in the presence of a second catalyst to obtain a mixture which contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture and the first catalyst and the second catalyst, d) distillation of the mixture obtained in step c) to obtain a second top stream containing the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture and a second bottom stream containing the first catalyst and the second catalyst.
- a first bottom stream formed in the process for producing a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate can be reacted with (meth)acrylic acid and/or Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate, whereby a di(meth )acrylate diester mixture is formed.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture formed can instead be used further, for example as a crosslinker. This makes the process according to the invention particularly cost-efficient and environmentally friendly.
- the method according to the invention allows a simple adjustment of the composition of the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture and thus of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture, so that the composition of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture can be produced reproducibly.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture produced according to the invention can be used as a crosslinker, for example in reaction resins and/or in the polymerization of alkyl (meth)acrylates.
- the polymers obtained have mechanical properties that are comparable to the mechanical properties that are achieved when using known crosslinkers, such as pure ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or pure 1,3- or 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate , are comparable.
- the production of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixtures according to the invention is more sustainable.
- step a) of the process according to the invention (meth)acrylic acid is reacted with at least one epoxide selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in the presence of a first catalyst to obtain a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture.
- (meth)acrylic acid is understood to mean both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
- At least one epoxide means both exactly one epoxide and a mixture of two or more epoxides. Exactly one epoxy is preferred.
- the at least one epoxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
- Ethylene oxide is also known as oxirane.
- Propylene oxide is also known as 2-methyloxirane.
- the molar ratio of (meth)acrylic acid to the at least one epoxide in the reaction in step a) is in the range from 2:1 to 1:2, preferably in the range from 1:0.95 to 1:1.5 and particularly preferred at about 1 to 1.1.
- the stated molar ratio of (meth)acrylic acid to the at least one epoxide in the reaction in step a) therefore refers to this Molar ratio before the reaction, i.e. before the (meth)acrylic acid and the at least one epoxide have reacted with one another.
- step a) takes place in the presence of a first catalyst.
- a first catalyst in the context of the present invention means both exactly a first catalyst and a mixture of two or more first catalysts. Preferred is exactly one first catalyst.
- the composition of the first catalyst can change during the reaction in step a), for example through transesterification. It is therefore possible that the reaction in step a) begins in the presence of exactly one first catalyst, but that in the course of the reaction the composition of the first catalyst can change, so that during the reaction in step a) a mixture of two or more first catalysts can be formed and the reaction in step a) then takes place in the presence of a mixture of two or more catalysts.
- the reaction in step a) takes place in the presence of 0.02 to 2.0% by weight of the first catalyst, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the first catalyst, based in each case on the total weight of (meth)acrylic acid.
- the first catalyst is preferably a homogeneous catalyst.
- a homogeneous catalyst is understood to mean a catalyst that is completely miscible with the (meth)acrylic acid and/or can be dissolved in it.
- the first catalyst can be present as a solid under standard conditions and dissolve in (meth)acrylic acid. It is also possible for the first catalyst to be present as a liquid under standard conditions and for this to be completely miscible with (meth)acrylic acid.
- a process in which the first catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst is therefore also preferred according to the invention.
- the first catalyst is preferably selected from the group consisting of metal salts and organic compounds of metals selected from the group consisting of chromium and iron.
- a process is therefore also preferred in which the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of metal salts and organic compounds, each of metals selected from the group consisting of chromium and iron.
- Suitable metal salts of metals selected from the group consisting of chromium and iron are, for example, chromium chlorides and/or iron chlorides.
- Suitable organic compounds of metals selected from the group consisting of chromium and iron are, for example, chromium (III) acetate, chromium (III) methacrylate, chromium (III) acetylacetonate, chromium (III) formate, chromium (III) acrylate, chromium (III) methacrylate, chromium (III) hexanoate, chromium (III) heptanoate, chromium (III) octanoate, chromium (III) ethyl hexanoate, chromium (III) dibutyl dithiocarbamate, iron (III) formate, iron (III) acetate, iron (III) acrylate and / or iron (III) methacrylate, with chromium (III) acetate and iron (III) acetate being particularly preferred. Chromium (III) salts of carboxylic acids are also particularly preferred as the
- the reaction in step a) usually takes place at a temperature in the range from 30 to 120 ° C, preferably in the range from 50 to 100 ° C.
- the pressure during the reaction in step a) is usually in the range from 0 to 6 bar, preferably in the range from 1 bar to 5 bar and particularly preferably in the range from 2 bar to 3 bar.
- step a) can take place in esterification reactors known to those skilled in the art. Esterifications and reactors for this are known as such and are described, for example, in DE 2011 10005003.
- step a) The implementation in step a) is also referred to as esterification.
- the (meth)acrylic acid is esterified with the at least one epoxide. This reaction is known as such to those skilled in the art.
- component (C) At least a first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate of the general formula (III), is formed. in the
- R 1 is H or CH3
- R 2 is H or CH3. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that R 1 is H when ethylene oxide is reacted as the at least one epoxide. If propylene oxide is reacted as the at least one epoxide, then R 1 is CH3.
- R 2 is H if acrylic acid is reacted as (meth)acrylic acid. If methacrylic acid is used as (meth)acrylic acid, R 2 is usually CH3.
- Component (C) is therefore usually selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate.
- Hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate is also known as glycol (meth)acrylate or ethylene glycol (meth)acrylate.
- hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate is understood to mean both hydroxyethyl acrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
- 2-Hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate is also called propylene glycol (meth)acrylate or 2-hydroxy-1-propane (meth)acrylate.
- 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate is understood to mean both 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate.
- the corresponding isomer, 1-hydroxy-2-propane (meth)acrylate can also be formed in addition to 2-hydroxy-1-propane (meth)acrylate .
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture can therefore additionally contain an isomer of the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate.
- the OH group of the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate of the general formula (III) can react with the at least one epoxide to obtain component (D), at least a second hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate of the general formula (IV) in the
- R 4 is H or CH 3
- R 5 is H or CH3
- n is 2 or 3. It goes without saying that R 4 is H when ethylene oxide is reacted as the at least one epoxide. If propylene oxide is reacted as the at least one epoxide, then R 4 is CH3.
- R 5 is H if acrylic acid is reacted as (meth)acrylic acid. If methacrylic acid is used as (meth)acrylic acid, R 5 is usually CH3.
- component (D) when n is 2 in formula (IV), component (D) usually comprises diethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and/or dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate. When n is 3 in formula (IV), component (D) usually comprises triethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and/or tripropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate.
- Component (D) is therefore usually selected from the group consisting of diethylenglycol mono(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and tripropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate.
- dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate includes all isomers of dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate.
- dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate includes the following compounds 2-(2-hydroxypropane-1-yloxy)-1-propane methacrylate, 2-(1-hydroxypropane-2-yloxy)-1-propane methac - rylate, 1-(1-hydroxypropane-2-yloxy)-2-propane methacrylate and 1-(2-hydroxypropan-1-yloxy)-2-propane methacrylate.
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture obtained in step a) contains, for example, in the range from 90 to 99.99% by weight of component (C) and in the range from 0.01 to 10% by weight of component (D), respectively based on the total weight of the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture.
- (Meth)acrylic acid is preferably reacted with exactly one epoxide in step a). Therefore, R 1 in the general formula (III) and R 4 in the general formula (IV) are preferably the same. Furthermore, R 2 in the general formula (III) and R 5 in the general formula (IV) are preferably the same.
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture obtained in step a) preferably contains either hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate as the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate and at least one second hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and Triethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate or as the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, propylene glycol (meth)acrylate and at least one second hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate selected from the group consisting of dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and tripropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate.
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture contains hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate as the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate and at least a second hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate selected from Group consisting of diethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate and triethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, the hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate mixture is also referred to as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate mixture in the context of the present invention.
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture contains propylene glycol (meth)acrylate as the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate and at least one second hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate selected from the group consisting of dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and tripropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture is also referred to as a propylene glycol (meth)acrylate mixture in the context of the present invention.
- reaction in step a) can take place in the presence of further components.
- additional components are known as such and, for example, stabilizers.
- Particularly suitable stabilizers are compounds which inhibit the polymerization of (meth)acrylic acid, the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate and/or the second hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate.
- the stabilizers are therefore also referred to as polymerization inhibitors.
- Suitable stabilizers are, for example, hydroquinone monomethyl ether in combination with oxygen, phenol, hydroquinone, nitrophenol and/or butylhydroxytoluene.
- the stabilizers that are preferably used include, in particular, phenolic compounds, such as hydroquinones, hydroquinone ethers, such as hydroquinone monomethyl ether, tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,4-dimethyl -6-tert-butylphenol or di-tert-butylcatechol; p-Phenylenediamines, such as N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-p-tolyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-1,3-Dimethylbutyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and N-1,4-dimethylpentyl-N'-phenyl-p-phen
- the stabilizers can be used individually or in the form of mixtures and are generally commercially available.
- the reaction in step a) takes place in the presence of 1 to 5000 ppm by weight of stabilizer, preferably 5 to 1000 ppm by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 100 ppm by weight, based in each case on the total weight of (meth)acrylic acid .
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture obtained in step a) therefore preferably contains at least one stabilizer.
- step b) the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture obtained in step a) is distilled to obtain a first top stream and a first bottom stream.
- the first top stream contains component (C)
- the first bottom stream contains component (D)
- residues of component (C) and the first catalyst is distilled to obtain a first top stream and a first bottom stream.
- step b) can be carried out using methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture obtained in step a) can be transferred to a distillation column and/or a rectification column and distilled there. This embodiment is preferred according to the invention.
- step b) takes place in the same reactor as
- Step a) is carried out. Then the distillation in step b) is optionally carried out simultaneously with the reaction in step a). The reaction of (meth)acrylic acid with the at least one epoxide in the presence of the first catalyst then takes place simultaneously with the distillation of the resulting hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture.
- the distillation in step b) can take place, for example, at a temperature in the range from 70 to 140 ° C.
- the distillation in step b) can take place, for example, at a pressure in the range from 0 to 100 mbar.
- a first top stream is obtained.
- the first top stream contains component (C), the first hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate of the general formula (III).
- the first bottom stream contains component (D), residues of component (C) and the first catalyst. If the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture additionally contains at least one stabilizer, the first bottom stream usually also additionally contains the at least one stabilizer.
- the term “residues of component (C)” is understood to mean, for example, 0.1% to 15% of component (C), based on the amount of component (C) contained in the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate mixture .
- the first bottom stream contains in the range from 40 to 90% by weight of component (C), preferably in the range from 55 to 75% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the first bottom stream.
- the first bottom stream contains in the range from 10 to 65% by weight of component (D), preferably in the range from 15 to 35% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the first bottom stream.
- The% by weight of component (C), component (D), the first catalyst and optionally the at least one stabilizer preferably add up to 100% by weight.
- (E) at least one hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate selected from the group consisting of ethylenglycol (meth)acrylate and propylene glycol (meth)acrylate and/or
- (F) at least one hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate selected from the group consisting of diethylenglycol mono(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate and tripropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate.
- the component (E), which can be added to the first bottom stream, can be the same as or different from the component (C) contained in the first bottom stream.
- the component (F), which can be added to the first bottom stream, can be the same as or different from the component (D) contained in the first bottom stream.
- step b) and before step c) is particularly advantageous in order to adjust the composition of the first bottom stream. This allows the composition of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture obtained in the process according to the invention to be adjusted.
- step c) the first bottom stream obtained in step b) is reacted with (meth)acrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate in the presence of a second catalyst to obtain a mixture which contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture and contains the first catalyst and the second catalyst.
- Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate means both exactly one Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate and a mixture of two or more C1-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylates understood.
- Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylates are alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid that have 1 to 4 carbons in the alkyl radical.
- the alkyl radical can be linear or branched.
- the Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate is selected from the group consisting of methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n- Butyl (meth)acrylate, tert-butyl (meth)acrylate and iso-butyl (meth)acrylate.
- Particularly preferred is the Ci-C4 alkyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate.
- the first bottom stream is reacted in step c) with (meth)acrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate.
- the first bottom stream in step c) is preferably reacted either with (meth)acrylic acid or with a Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate.
- the first bottom stream is reacted in step c) with acrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4 alkyl acrylate if acrylic acid was reacted with the epoxide in step a). It is also preferred that the first bottom stream in step c) is reacted with methacrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4-alkyl methacrylate if methacrylic acid was reacted with the epoxide in step a).
- R 2 and R 3 in formula (I) are the same.
- R 5 and R 6 in formula (II) are then the same.
- the components (A) and (B) contained in the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture are then also referred to as symmetrical di(meth)acrylate diesters.
- the first bottom stream is reacted in step c) with acrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4-alkyl acrylate if methacrylic acid was reacted with the epoxide in step a). It is also preferred that the first bottom stream in step c) is reacted with methacrylic acid and/or a Ci-C4-alkyl methacrylate if acrylic acid was reacted with the epoxide in step a).
- R 2 and R 3 in formula (I) are different from each other.
- R 5 and R 6 in formula (II) are then different from one another.
- the components (A) and (B) contained in the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture are then also referred to as asymmetric di(meth)acrylate diesters.
- the molar ratio of the first bottom stream to the (meth)acrylic acid and/or the Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate in the reaction in step c) is in the range from 1 to 1 to 1 to 20.
- the molar ratio of the first bottom stream to the (meth)acrylic acid in the reaction in step c) is, for example, in the range from 1 to 1 to 1 to 3, preferably in the range from 1 to 1 to 1 to 1.5.
- the molar ratio of the first bottom stream to the Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate in the reaction in step c) is, for example, in the range of 1 to 1 to 1 to 20, preferably in the range from 1 to 2 to 1 to 10.
- the molar ratio of the first bottom stream to the (meth)acrylic acid and/or the Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate therefore refers to the molar ratio before the reaction, i.e. before the first bottom stream and the (meth)acrylic acid and/or the C1-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate have reacted with each other.
- step c) takes place in the presence of a second catalyst.
- a second catalyst means both exactly a second catalyst and a mixture of two or more second catalysts. Exactly a second catalyst is preferred. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the composition of the second catalyst can change during the reaction in step c), for example through transesterification. It is therefore possible that the reaction begins in the presence of exactly one second catalyst, but that the composition of the second catalyst can change in the course of the reaction, so that a mixture of two or more second catalysts can be formed during the reaction in step c). and the reaction in step c) then takes place in the presence of a mixture of two or more catalysts. For example, the reaction in step c) takes place in the presence of 0.1 to 10% by weight of the second catalyst, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight of the second catalyst, based in each case on the total weight of the first bottom stream.
- Suitable second catalysts are all catalysts known to those skilled in the art which involve the reaction of the first bottom stream, in particular the components (C) and (D) contained in the first bottom stream, with (meth)acrylic acid and/or the Ci-C4-alkyl(meth) catalyze acrylate.
- the second catalyst is preferably selected from the group consisting of Brönsted acids and metal salts and organic compounds of metals selected from the group consisting of tin, titanium, zirconium, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
- the second catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Brönsted acids and metal salts and organic compounds, each of metals selected from the group consisting of tin, titanium, zirconium, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
- Suitable Brönsted acids are known to those skilled in the art and are selected, for example, from the group consisting of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), para-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid and acidic ion exchangers.
- Suitable metal salts of metals selected from the group consisting of tin, titanium, zirconium, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are known to those skilled in the art and, for example, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, lithium amide, lithium chloride, sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal chlorides and / or alkali metal hydroxides are particularly preferred Mixtures of alkali metal chlorides and/or alkali metal hydroxides with alkaline earth metal oxides are preferred.
- Suitable organic compounds of metals selected from the group consisting of tin, titanium, zirconium, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are known to those skilled in the art and are, for example, dibutyltin oxide, dioctyltin oxide, tetraisopropyl titanate and/or zirconium acetonylacetonate. Tetraisopropyl titanate and/or zirconium acetonylacetonate are preferred.
- step c) is preferably carried out in the presence of a Brönsted acid as a second catalyst if the second bottom stream is reacted with (meth)acrylic acid.
- reaction in step c) can take place in reactors for esterifications and/or transesterifications known to those skilled in the art.
- reactors for esterification can be equipped with a water extractor
- reactors for transesterification can be equipped with a suitable column to separate the alcohol formed from the reactor.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture is formed.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture contains components (A) and (B) and is described in detail below.
- the first bottom stream is reacted with (meth)acrylic acid, water is usually formed as a byproduct during the reaction.
- a Ci-C4 alcohol is usually formed as a byproduct during the reaction.
- the Ci-C4 alcohol is, for example, selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol and iso-butanol.
- the formation of the by-products during the implementation is known to those skilled in the art.
- a by-product is usually formed, selected from the group consisting of water and a Ci-C4 alcohol.
- the mixture obtained in step c) therefore usually additionally contains a by-product.
- the mixture is distilled to obtain a third top stream which contains the (meth)acrylic acid and/or the Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate and the by-product, and a third bottom stream containing the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture as well as the first catalyst and the second catalyst, the third bottom stream then being used as the mixture in step d).
- a Ci-C4 alcohol is formed as a byproduct.
- a C1-C4 alcohol is formed in step c) and after step c) and regulation d) or during step c), the resulting mixture is distilled to obtain a third top stream, which is the Ci-C4 alkyl ( meth)acrylate and the C1-C4 alcohol and a third bottom stream which contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture as well as the first catalyst and the second catalyst and optionally the at least one stabilizer, the third bottom stream being the mixture in step c). is used.
- Ci-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate can be separated off from the third bottom stream before it is used as a mixture in step c).
- a process is therefore also preferred in which Ci-C4 alcohol is formed during the reaction in step c) and after step c) and before step d) or at the same time as step c), the resulting mixture is distilled to obtain a third top stream, which contains the Ci-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate and Ci-C4 alcohol, and a third bottom stream which contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture as well as the first catalyst and the second catalyst, the third bottom stream being the mixture in step d) is used.
- a process is therefore also preferred in which methanol is formed during the reaction in step c) and after step c) and before step d) or at the same time as step c), the resulting mixture is distilled to obtain a third top stream which contains the Ci- C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate and methanol, and a third bottom stream containing the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture as well as the first catalyst and the second catalyst, the third bottom stream being used as the mixture in step d).
- a method in which the third top stream is recycled in step c) is therefore also preferred.
- the third head stream can be returned directly to step c). It is also possible to purify the third top stream before returning it to step c) using methods known to those skilled in the art. In particular, it is preferred to remove the by-product, in particular methanol, from the third top stream as completely as possible before recycling the third top stream in step c).
- the reaction is preferably additionally carried out in the presence of an entraining agent.
- an entraining agent is known to those skilled in the art and are selected, for example, from the group consisting of n-hexane, n-heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, toluene and Alkyl (meth)acrylates.
- Alkyl (meth)acrylates suitable as entraining agents are, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, preferably methyl methacrylate.
- the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst can be partially separated from the mixture.
- a mixture low in catalyst is obtained.
- the low-catalyst mixture is then used as a mixture in step d).
- step d) Also preferred is a process in which after step c) and before step d) the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst is partially separated from the mixture to obtain a low-catalyst mixture, in which case the low-catalyst mixture is then used as a mixture in step d). becomes.
- the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst can be separated off using methods known to those skilled in the art, for example by means of filtration.
- the catalyst-poor mixture is obtained by partially separating the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst from the mixture.
- the catalyst-poor mixture contains residues of the first catalyst and residues of the second catalyst.
- the low-catalyst mixture also contains the remaining components that were contained in the mixture.
- the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst can be partially separated from the third bottom stream obtained during the distillation to obtain the low-catalyst mixture, whereby then the low-catalyst mixture is used as a mixture in step d).
- the low-catalyst mixture usually contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture, residues of the first catalyst and residues of the second catalyst.
- the low-catalyst mixture can additionally contain at least one stabilizer.
- the term “residues of the first catalyst” is understood to mean in the range from 0.001 to 100% of the first catalyst, preferably in the range from 0.001 to 10%, particularly preferably in the range from 0.001 to 2%, in each case based on the total amount of in the mixture contained first catalyst.
- the term “residues of the second catalyst” means in the range from 0.001 to 100% of the second catalyst, preferably in the range from 0.001 to 10%, particularly preferably in the range from 0.001 to 2%, in each case based on the total amount of the second catalyst contained in the mixture.
- the partially separated first catalyst can be recycled, for example, in step a) of the process according to the invention. It is also possible for the partially separated second catalyst to be recycled in step c) of the process according to the invention.
- a process is therefore also preferred in which the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst is recycled in step a) and/or in step c).
- the first catalyst and/or the second catalyst can be purified before recycling in step a) and/or in step c) using methods known to those skilled in the art.
- step d) of the process according to the invention the mixture obtained in step c) is distilled to obtain a second top stream and a second bottom stream.
- the second overhead stream contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the second bottom stream contains the first catalyst and the second catalyst.
- step d) can be carried out using methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the mixture obtained in step c) can be transferred to a distillation column and/or a rectification column and distilled there.
- the distillation in step d) is carried out in the same reactor as step c).
- the distillation in step d) can take place, for example, at a temperature in the range from 70 to 140 ° C.
- the distillation in step d) can take place, for example, at a pressure in the range from 0 to 100 mbar.
- a second bottom stream is obtained.
- the second bottom stream contains the first catalyst and the second catalyst. If the mixture contains the at least one stabilizer, the second bottom stream obtained in step d) usually also contains the at least one stabilizer.
- the second bottom stream can also contain residues of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the term “residues of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture” is understood to mean a di(meth)acrylate diester mixture in the range from 0.1 to 20%, preferably in the range from 2 to 10%, based on the total amount of di(meth) contained in the mixture. acrylate diester mixture. It goes without saying that if the low-catalyst mixture was used in step d), the second bottom stream contains the residues of the first catalyst and the residues of the second catalyst.
- the second bottom stream can be recycled, for example, in step a) and/or c). It is possible to purify the second bottom stream before recycling in step a) and/or in step c) using methods known to those skilled in the art. In particular, it is possible to separate the first catalyst contained in the second bottom stream from the second catalyst contained in the second bottom stream before recycling. Methods for this are known to those skilled in the art.
- a second top stream is obtained.
- the second overhead stream contains the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the second overhead stream preferably contains in the range from 80 to 99.99% by weight, preferably in the range from 90 to 98% by weight, of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture. based on the total weight of the second head stream.
- the second overhead stream preferably consists essentially of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the second overhead stream can also contain residues of the components contained in the mixture.
- the second overhead stream can be purified using methods known to those skilled in the art to obtain the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a di(meth)acrylate diester mixture obtainable by the process according to the invention.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture contains components (A) and (B).
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture contains, for example, in the range from 50 to 90% by weight of component (A), preferably in the range from 60 to 80% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture contains, for example, in the range from 10 to 50% by weight of component (B), preferably in the range from 20 to 40% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture contains 50 to 90% by weight of component (A) and Contains 10 to 50% by weight of component (B), based in each case on the total weight of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- The% by weight of components (A) and (B) in the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture usually add up to 100% by weight. It is therefore preferred that the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture essentially consists of components (A) and (B).
- Component (A) is at least a first di(meth)acrylate diester of the general formula (I) in the
- R 1 is H or CH 3 ,
- R 2 is H or CH 3 .
- R 3 is H or CH 3 .
- the first di(meth)acrylate is this ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- Ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate is also referred to as 1,2-ethanediol di(meth)acrylate.
- R 1 in formula (I) is CH 3
- the first di(meth)acrylate diester is propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- Propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate is also referred to as 1,2-propanediol di(meth)acrylate.
- Component (A) preferably comprises ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- component (A) comprises ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- component (A) comprises in the range from 30 to 80% by weight of ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, preferably in the range from 50 to 70% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of component (A).
- component (A) comprises in the range from 20 to 70% by weight of propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, preferably in the range from 30 to 50% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of component (A).
- component (A) 30 to 80% by weight of ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and 20 to 70% by weight of propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, based in each case on the total weight of component (A).
- Component (B) is at least a second di(meth)acrylate diester of the general formula (II) in the
- R 4 is H or CH 3 ,
- R 5 is H or CH3
- R 6 is H or CH3, and n is 2 or 3.
- the second di(meth)acrylate diester is usually diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and/or triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate. If in formula (II) R 4 is CH3, the second di(meth)acrylate diester is usually dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and/or trippropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate. If in formula (II) R 4 is CH3, then in the context of the present invention, formula (II) and the terms dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate also include the corresponding isomers.
- component (B) when n is 2 in formula (II), component (B) usually comprises diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and/or dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate. When n is 3 in formula (II), component (B) usually comprises triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and/or tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- Component (B) preferably comprises diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- component (B) comprises diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- Component (B) comprises, for example, 50 to 90% by weight of diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, preferably in the range from 60 to 80% by weight of diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, based in each case on the total weight of component (B).
- Component (B) comprises, for example, 10 to 50% by weight of dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, preferably in the range from 20 to 40% by weight of dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, based in each case on the total weight of component (B).
- a process is therefore also preferred in which component (B)
- component (B) 10 to 50% by weight of dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, based in each case on the total weight of component (B).
- the weight percent of diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate in component (B) add up to 100 weight percent. It is also possible for component (B) to include further components.
- component (B) includes diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture therefore preferably contains
- tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate based in each case on the total weight of the di(meth)acrylate diester mixture.
- Steps a) to d) can be carried out discontinuously or continuously.
- the term “discontinuous” means that the method according to the invention is interrupted between at least two of steps a) to d).
- the method according to the invention can be interrupted between steps b) and c). If steps a) to d) are carried out discontinuously, the process according to the invention is also referred to as a batch process or batch process.
- Steps a) to d) are preferably carried out continuously.
- steps a) to d) are carried out without interruption.
- a semi-continuous implementation also falls under the term “continuous” in the context of the present invention.
- steps a) and b) it is possible for steps a) and b) to be carried out in a batch reactor, but from this the first bottom stream is transferred directly to step c).
- This embodiment also falls under the term “continuous” within the scope of the present invention.
- Example 1 Preparation of hydroxy ester from methacrylic acid and ethylene oxide
- methacrylic acid was introduced into a reactor in four different batches and 300 ppm by weight of stabilizer (hydroquinone monomethyl ether, MEHQ ) and 0.25% by weight of first catalyst (chromium (III) acetate) were added.
- stabilizer hydroquinone monomethyl ether, MEHQ
- first catalyst chromium (III) acetate
- ethylene oxide molar ratio of methacrylic acid to ethylene oxide 1 to 1.1
- the component (C) (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) formed in the reaction was essentially separated off as the first top stream in a rectification.
- the composition of the first bottom stream obtained is given in Table 1.
- Example 3 Methacrylation of the first bottom stream obtained in Example 1 by transesterification of methyl methacrylate
- Example 4 Methacrylation of the first bottom stream obtained in Example 2 by transesterification of methyl methacrylate
- Example 5 Methacrylation of the first bottom stream obtained in Example 2 by transesterification of methyl methacrylate
- Example 6 Methacrylation of a mixture of the mixtures obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 by transesterification of methyl methacrylate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22171957 | 2022-05-06 | ||
| PCT/EP2023/061216 WO2023213700A1 (de) | 2022-05-06 | 2023-04-28 | Herstellung terminal ungesättigter (meth)acrylat-vernetzer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4519237A1 true EP4519237A1 (de) | 2025-03-12 |
Family
ID=81585514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23723499.2A Withdrawn EP4519237A1 (de) | 2022-05-06 | 2023-04-28 | Herstellung terminal ungesättigter (meth)acrylat-vernetzer |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250282705A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4519237A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119156369A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023213700A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1147938B (de) | 1959-04-30 | 1963-05-02 | Roehm & Haas Gmbh | Herstellung von AEthan-1, 2-diol- und Propan-1, 2-diolmonoacrylat und -monomethacrylat |
| US5001102A (en) | 1989-01-11 | 1991-03-19 | Pq Corporation | Heterogeneous catalysts |
| DE10235623A1 (de) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-19 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hydroxyalkylcarbonsäureestern |
| DE102011005003A1 (de) | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-06 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Anlage zur Umsetzung von Alkylenoxiden |
| AU2019321043A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2021-04-08 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Preparation of diesters of (meth)acrylic acid from epoxides |
-
2023
- 2023-04-28 WO PCT/EP2023/061216 patent/WO2023213700A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-28 EP EP23723499.2A patent/EP4519237A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2023-04-28 US US18/861,999 patent/US20250282705A1/en active Pending
- 2023-04-28 CN CN202380038459.8A patent/CN119156369A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119156369A (zh) | 2024-12-17 |
| WO2023213700A1 (de) | 2023-11-09 |
| US20250282705A1 (en) | 2025-09-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE69414516T2 (de) | Organozinnkatalysierte Transesterifikation | |
| DE3423443C2 (de) | ||
| EP1465859B1 (de) | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von alkyl(meth)acrylaten | |
| EP1583733B1 (de) | Verbessertes verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von alkyl(meth)acrylaten mit mehrfacher katalysatorrezyklierung | |
| EP2162419B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von ethylenglycoldimethacrylat | |
| EP2308824B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyolestern | |
| WO2002100814A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern | |
| DE3423441A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von estern der acryl- und methacrylsaeure durch umesterung | |
| WO2009003744A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylaten | |
| EP2294048A2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern | |
| EP1689735B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von glycerincarbonatmethacrylat | |
| EP2162421B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von butandioldimethacrylaten | |
| WO2002100815A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern | |
| WO2007031384A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth) acrylaten vier- oder mehrwertiger alkohole | |
| DE10145228A1 (de) | Synthese von t-Butylaminoethylmethacrylat durch Umesterung des Alkohols mit MMA | |
| DE60214629T3 (de) | Verfahren zur Zersetzung von Michael-Addukten | |
| EP0202610B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkylestern der alpha-beta-monoolefinisch ungesättigten Monocarbonsäuren | |
| EP4519237A1 (de) | Herstellung terminal ungesättigter (meth)acrylat-vernetzer | |
| EP1299345B1 (de) | Vefahren zur herstellung von aminoalkyl(meth)acrylaten | |
| EP0197375B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Inversion der Konfigurationsekundärer Alkohole | |
| DE69706528T2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von 1,2-diacetoxy estern | |
| DE19652017A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von omega-Hydroxyestern alpha,beta-ungesättigter Carbonsäuren | |
| WO2001092198A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von estern ungesättigter carbonsäuren | |
| WO2021219409A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylsäureestern durch oxidative spaltung von methacrolein-acetalen | |
| DE19755599A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methoxyessigsäureestern |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20241025 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20250614 |