Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
  • B65D90/10—Manholes; Inspection openings; Covers therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
  • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
  • B65D88/128—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport tank containers, i.e. containers provided with supporting devices for handling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
  • B65D90/22—Safety features
  • B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
  • B65D90/34—Venting means

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a container such as is used for transporting but also for storing aggressive filling goods, in particular bromine, and a dome cover for closing the container.
• Bromine is extremely toxic and highly corrosive, making it one of the dangerous goods whose transport and storage require special precautions.
• bromine Since bromine has a high corrosive effect on numerous materials and would decompose them, bromine can only be transported and stored in special containers.
• containers made of steel are used for the transport of bromine, which can have different volumes depending on requirements.
• the inner wall of these containers, including the lid, is lined with lead, since bromine would otherwise attack the container shell.
• Lead is chemically very resistant through passivation and is resistant to many corrosive substances including bromine.
• CN 202017827 U relates to a tank for electrothermal concentration, it being proposed that the line for the corrosive sulphate-containing electrolyte be additionally lined on the inside with a ceramic material, for example porcelain.
• CN 106809538 A it is proposed to replace the internal piping of a conventional bromine tank, which is usually made of polytetrafluoroethylene, with steel piping, the inner wall of which is lined with lead.
• DE 10 2012 109 015 B3 relates to a support structure for conventional lead-lined bromine tanks, in which case the cylindrical section of the tank in particular can be stored with as little stress as possible in order to prevent the brittle passive layer of the lead, which forms the actual corrosion barrier, from being damaged.
• the containers as z. B. are used for transport, usually have a so-called manhole, which allows a person access to the interior for maintenance and repair.
• the manhole is connected to a manhole socket, also simply referred to as a “socket” in this case, which protrudes beyond the container like a chimney.
• the nozzle and thus the container can be closed with a dome cover.
• the dome cover is usually also prepared as a support for the fittings used to fill, empty and monitor the container.
• valves can be provided on the dome cover. Bromine can be filled in and removed through these valves. Pressure can be applied there to allow the bromine to escape from the container through another valve for withdrawal.
• a safety valve can be provided, which opens in the event of an unintentional increase in pressure inside the container above a critical value, in order to prevent the container from exploding.
• the containers themselves are very durable, but the seal between the manhole cover and the manhole socket as well as the manhole cover and the openings and valves therein is a particularly critical area.
• Leading is usually continued in the area of the sealing surfaces and flanges for sealing purposes.
• the containers are covered with lead over the entire inner surface including the inside of the dome cover and the sealing surfaces such as the contact surfaces of the dome cover on the nozzle and the valves on the dome cover.
• the sealing surfaces are exposed to considerable contact pressure in order to be able to fulfill their function.
• strong forces act on the lead coating between the surfaces sealing against one another.
• lead has only a low degree of hardness and is easily deformed under mechanical stress, the lead coating between the sealing surfaces begins to creep over time.
• the lead migrates out of the sealing areas in both directions and forms a bead there.
• the bead itself is not a problem, but the lead coating in the sealing areas becomes thinner, so that the sealing effect is no longer guaranteed.
• the object of the present invention was to provide a solution with which the problem of creeping and thus the lack of tightness for conventional lead-lined containers, including dome lids, can be solved in a simple and economical manner.
• the solution should also be suitable for retrofitting already existing containers, for example those that have been discarded due to a lack of tightness in the sealing areas.
• the problem described above is solved by replacing the lead coating of the sealing surfaces of the container and the dome cover with sealing surfaces made of nickel.
• the principle according to the invention works equally for small sealing surfaces, for example in valves, as well as for large sealing surfaces, for example in manholes or manhole sockets.
• the sealing surfaces on the dome cover and manhole socket usually have the shape of a ring disk and surround the mouth of the corresponding openings.
• Nickel is not only strong enough to withstand the pressure that occurs, but is also resistant to bromine.
• nickel is significantly more expensive than lead, so that a complete replacement of the lead coating with nickel is unfavorable for cost reasons. According to the invention it is therefore provided that the lead coating is only partially to be replaced by sealing surfaces made of nickel (here also referred to as "nickel sealing surface”), especially in the critical sealing areas.
• the present inventors have found that nickel can be deposited in a sufficient amount and in a desired shape on the relevant areas by hardfacing using a commercially available nickel wire.
• sealing surfaces made of nickel can be applied to the intended areas in a tailor-made manner, so to speak, with almost no loss of material.
• a further advantage is that when the sealing surfaces are made of nickel by means of build-up welding, a full-surface metallurgical bond is obtained between nickel as the build-up material and the material of the underlying surface, such as the steel of the dome cover or manhole socket.
• a prefabricated nickel ring is connected to a surface by means of welding using a linear weld seam along the abutting edges of the components to be connected.
• the sealing surfaces on the mandrel cover and socket are usually designed in the form of annular disks, as is also shown in the example of the attached figures. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to an annular disk shape, but can have a different shape depending on the need and application.
• the solution according to the invention can also be used for retrofitting existing containers.
• the containers can continue to be used, with only the cover having to be replaced by a dome cover designed according to the invention.
• a suitably dimensioned additional flange which is equipped with the nickel sealing surface, is applied to the socket or a fastening flange at the upper end of the socket.
• the nickel sealing surface is expediently also applied to the additional flange by build-up welding.
• the safety of the containers during operation can be drastically improved by means of the solution according to the invention. Leaks caused by lead creep can be ruled out. In addition, the repair effort can be significantly reduced and thus the availability of the containers can be greatly increased.
• FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a manhole cover resting on a manhole socket, valve assemblies on the manhole cover and dome cover hood according to the prior art
• FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the dome cover and the valve structures on the dome cover according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the safety valve shown in FIG. 2, including the associated mandrel cover section,
• Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through a dome cover without coating and structures
• FIG. 5 shows the longitudinal section according to FIG. 4 with a lead coating including sealing surfaces made of lead according to the prior art
• FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through one designed according to the invention
• FIG. 9 shows a plan view of the manhole connection according to FIG. 8
• FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section through a machined surface of a nickel sealing surface
• FIG. 11 shows a longitudinal section through a manhole socket closed with a dome cover according to the invention for a container according to the invention
• FIG. 12 shows a longitudinal section through a manhole socket retrofitted according to the invention with a supplementary flange with a nickel sealing surface applied thereto, and
• FIG. 13 shows a supplementary flange with a nickel sealing surface for retrofitting a conventional container.
• the figures relate by way of example to a tank container as is generally known for the storage and transport of filling goods, in particular aggressive filling goods.
• the tank body is omitted in each of the figures, with the lower opening of the manhole connecting piece being connected to the tank body via the manhole and forming a unit.
• Figure 1 shows a dome cover 1 according to the prior art.
• the manhole cover 1 is shown with the valve assemblies 4, 5, 6 in the closed state resting on a manhole socket 2, the dome cover 1 with the valve assemblies 4, 5, 6 being covered with a dome cover hood 3, which serves to protect the valve assemblies 4, 5, 6 .
• valves 4, 5, 6 can be seen, which are arranged in a row along the diameter of the dome cover 1.
• the middle valve 4 is used for loading and unloading the container, the left valve 5 for introducing gas - usually dry air or nitrogen - to allow unloading, and the right valve 6 for venting when loading.
• Domdeckelsl there is a flat lead layer 8, the edge area forms a sealing surface, which is assigned as a counter-surface to a sealing surface 10 on the manhole socket 2.
• the sealing surface 10 on the manhole socket 2 is part of the lead coating 9 of the manhole socket, which extends along the inner surface of the manhole socket 2 over the upper edge on top of a fastening flange 25 only indicated here and forms the sealing surface 10 made of lead.
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
• the manhole cover 1 Around the outer circumference of the manhole cover 1 there is a row of through holes 12 for fastening means, for example threaded bolts or the like, with which the manhole cover 1 is fastened to the manhole socket 2 .
• the fasteners are tightened to obtain a tight seal.
• a high contact pressure is exerted on the sealing surfaces made of lead on the underside of the manhole cover 1 and their opposite surface, the sealing surface 10 made of lead above the manhole socket 2 .
• FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the dome cover 1 according to FIG. 1, the structures on the underside of the dome cover including the upper opening 13 of the manhole socket 2 being indicated at the same time.
• the individual circles denote the opening 13 of the manhole socket 2, the outer circumference 14 of the flat lead coating 8 on the underside of the manhole cover 1, the outer circumference 15 of the dome cover 1 and the outer circumference 16 of the fastening flange 25 on the manhole connection piece 2.
• valves 4, 5, 6 and 7 The connection of the valves 4, 5, 6 and 7 to the dome cover 1 and thus to the container is shown in FIG. 3 using the safety valve 7 as an example.
• a through hole 17 is provided in the dome cover 1 at the intended position.
• the lead layer 8 on the underside of the dome cover 1 extends on the inner wall of the through hole 17 beyond the upper edge of the through hole 17 and forms a lead sealing surface 18 around the through hole 17, on which the valve 7 is seated.
• valve 7 In addition, between the valve 7 and the ring-shaped sealing surface made of lead 18 there is a seal 19 made of plastic which is resistant to bromine, for example PTFE.
• blind holes 20 can be provided on the upper side of the mandrel cover 1 around the through-holes 17 and sealing surface 18 made of lead, into which suitable fastening means 21 can engage, for example conventional stud screws as shown in FIG.
• the dome cover 1 in Figures 1 to 3 corresponds to the prior art and is made of steel. It is provided with a flat coating of lead 8 on the underside, which also covers the inner wall of the through-holes 17 for the valve connection and extends beyond the upper edge of the through-holes 17 and around the through-holes 17 in each case forms a ring-shaped sealing surface made of lead 18. The valve rests on this ring-shaped sealing surface made of lead 18 .
• FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a still uncoated dome cover 1 along the diameter with the three through-holes 17 for connecting the valves 4, 5, 6.
• Reference number 15 denotes the outer circumference of the dome cover 1.
• FIG. 5 shows the dome cover 1 according to FIG. 4 with lead plating according to the prior art, the underside of the dome cover, the inner wall of the through holes 17 and the sealing surfaces 18 around the through holes 17 being coated with a continuous layer of lead 8.
• the flat lead layer 8 on the underside of the dome cover 1 reaches up to the through holes 12, as indicated by the outer circumference 14 of the lead layer 8 in FIG.
• FIG. 6 shows a dome cover 1 designed according to the invention.
• the lead coating 8 is replaced by nickel sealing surfaces 22 and 23 in the areas of the dome cover 1 that are exposed to a particular pressure load.
• the nickel sealing surfaces 22, 23 each have an annular configuration here. As shown in FIG. 6, the lead coating on the upper side of the dome cover 1 along the circumference of the through-holes 17 for connecting the valves is replaced by a nickel sealing surface 22 in the form of an annular disk.
• the nickel sealing surfaces 22 are in the area between the through hole 17 and blind holes 20, the blind holes 20 extend from the top of the dome cover 1 down into the dome cover 1, as can be seen in FIGS.
• the region of the bearing surface of the dome cover 1 on the manhole socket 2 is replaced by a corresponding nickel sealing surface 23 in the form of a ring disk.
• the nickel sealing surface 23 runs on the underside of the manhole cover 1 along the inner peripheral line of the through holes 12 for the fastening means for fastening the manhole cover 1 to the manhole socket 2, so that the nickel sealing surface 23 comes to rest between the lead coating 8 and the through holes 12.
• the thickness of the nickel sealing surfaces 22 can be 6-10 mm, and the thickness of the nickel sealing surfaces 23, 24 can be 10 mm.
• the thickness of the nickel sealing surfaces depends on the requirements of the container application. As a rule, it can be between 4 mm and 20 mm, with the thickness for the nickel sealing surfaces 22 being less than the thickness for the nickel sealing surfaces 23 on the underside of the manhole cover and the nickel sealing surfaces 24 on the manhole socket.
• nickel coatings of the desired dimensions and thickness for the nickel sealing surfaces 22 are first applied by build-up welding to a steel disc in the dimensions for the mandrel cover at the position provided for the through-holes for the valves.
• the sealing surface 23 made of nickel is applied to the underside of the dome cover by means of build-up welding.
• the desired nickel sealing surfaces 22, 23 can be obtained in a simple manner with almost no loss of material.
• a full-surface metallurgical connection is created between the nickel sealing surface and the dome cover.
• the dome cover 1 is machined to produce the through holes 17 and blind holes 20 for the valves, etc.
• a dome cover precursor is obtained, as shown in FIG.
• through holes 17 for the valves nickel sealing surfaces 22 along the upper circumference of the through holes 17 and nickel sealing surface 23 on the underside of the manhole cover along the contact area with which the manhole cover 1 rests on a manhole socket 2, as well as through holes 12 for fastening means for fastening the manhole cover 1 on Manhole socket 2 and blind holes 20 for fasteners for attaching the valves to the dome cover.
• the lead coating 8 is then applied in a known manner, with the lead coating 8 being applied flatly on the underside of the dome cover in the area surrounded by the nickel sealing surface 23 and along the inner surfaces of the through holes 17 up to the upper edge of the nickel sealing surfaces 22 is guided, as shown in FIG.
• dome cover 1 is obtained in which, according to the invention, the particularly critical areas that are exposed to high contact pressure during operation are selectively equipped with nickel sealing surfaces 22, 23.
• nickel does not show any plastic deformation such as creeping, even under high pressure.
• the nickel sealing surfaces 22, 23 retain their shape and thus their tightness even if the pressure is constantly high.
• the lead sealing surface 10 on the manhole socket 2 is replaced by a nickel sealing surface 24 , as shown in FIG. 8 , which shows a longitudinal section through a manhole socket 2 .
• a fastening flange 25 which runs around the circumference of the manhole socket 2 and protrudes beyond the circumference of the manhole socket 2 .
• This protruding peripheral area of the fastening flange 25 is provided with through holes 26 which are spaced apart from one another and are distributed around the entire circumference and are used to fasten the manhole cover 1 to the manhole socket 2 .
• the lead coating 9 extends from the top edge of the nickel sealing surface 24 down the inner wall of the manhole neck 2 and along the inner wall of the container body (not shown).
• FIG. 9 shows a plan view of the manhole socket 2 with the fastening flange 25 according to FIG. In this top view, three concentrically arranged ring-shaped areas can be seen.
• the outer annular portion 16 is the projecting peripheral portion of the mounting flange 25 with the through holes 26, the middle annular portion is the annular disc-shaped nickel sealing surface 24, and the inner annular portion is the lead coating 9.
• the nickel sealing surface 23 on the underside of the dome cover 1 comes to rest on the nickel sealing surface 24 on the fastening flange 25 of the manhole socket 2 .
• the nickel sealing surfaces 23, 24 lie on top of one another in these areas subjected to contact pressure, which, unlike the conventional lead coating, can withstand the pressure exerted in each case by the adjacent additional component.
• Figure 10 can be provided on the top of the nickel sealing surfaces 22, 23, 24 concentric grooves 27, on which the plastic seals 11, 19 come to rest, so that the plastic seals 11, 19 are pressed into the grooves 27 by the contact pressure, and the seat of the seal 11, 19 and the tightness are thus improved.
• the nickel application on steel in particular for the production of the sealing surfaces 22, 23 and 24, is carried out by build-up welding and the connection of other metallic surfaces by welding, for example between two steel surfaces, such as between fastening flange 25 and manhole socket 2
• the connection between lead and nickel or lead and steel is preferably made by soldering.
• welded connections between the individual components are identified in the figures in the usual way by black, usually triangular areas x, e.g. B. in Figure 8 between manhole socket and mounting flange 25.
• FIG. 1 The situation of a manhole socket 2 closed with a manhole cover 1 according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section in FIG.
• nickel sealing surfaces 22 are arranged on the upper side of the dome cover around the perimeter of the through-holes 17 for the valve connection.
• the remaining lead coating 8 extends here from the upper edge of the nickel sealing surfaces 22 along the inner wall of the through holes 17 for the valve assemblies to the underside of the dome cover and on the underside of the dome cover to the nickel sealing surface 23.
• the thickness of the sealing surfaces 22, 23 and 24 is 10 mm in this example.
• the lead coating 9 in the manhole socket extends from the upper edge of the nickel sealing surface 24 along the inner peripheral surface of the Fastening flange 25 down into the manhole socket 2 and from there onto the inner wall of the associated container (not shown here).
• the through-holes 12, 26 for the fastening means are provided in the peripheral regions of the mandrel cover 1 and the fastening flange 25 which are outside of the nickel sealing surfaces 22, 23.
• the core idea of the present invention lies in the replacement of the areas of the lead coating subjected to contact pressure with corresponding nickel inserts or nickel sealing surfaces.
• the dimensions of the nickel sealing surfaces can also be adapted to the requirements of the respective application of the container.
• a further major advantage of the invention is that existing containers can also easily be retrofitted according to the invention. This means that containers that have been discarded due to wear of the lead coating on the sealing surfaces and the associated lack of tightness can be made fit for use again.
• FIG. 12 shows a longitudinal section through a manhole socket 2 which has been retrofitted according to the invention.
• a supplementary flange 28 which is equipped with the nickel sealing surface 24 is applied to the existing fastening flange 25 .
• the dimensions and configuration of the supplementary flange 28 with the nickel sealing surface 24 and through-holes 29 for fastening means are adapted to the existing fastening flange 25 .
• the old sealing surface made of lead 10 and the lead coating 9 are first removed down to the inside of the manhole socket 2 .
• the supplementary flange 28 made of the same material is applied to the existing mounting flange 25 in place of the conventional lead sealing surface 10 such.
• B. shown in Figure 5 has a ring-shaped nickel sealing surface 24, as shown in Figure 13 is shown.
• the nickel sealing surface 24 is advantageously attached to the surface of the additional fastening flange 28 by means of build-up welding and the connection of the additional fastening flange 28 to the existing fastening flange 25 by means of welding.
• the weld seam between the manhole socket 2 and the mounting flange 25 is marked as usual by a black area x.
• a container provided in this way with a manhole socket 2 redesigned according to the invention can then be used again together with a manhole cover 1 according to the invention.
• the present invention relates to containers e.g. B. Tank container with manhole socket 2 and manhole socket 1 for closing the manhole socket 2, which are lined with lead for the transport of aggressive filling goods, such as bromine, whereby the manhole socket 1 and the manhole socket 2 have sealing surfaces made of nickel 22, 23, 24 , which are produced in particular by means of build-up welding, as well as conventional containers and methods for this retrofitted according to the invention.
• containers e.g. B. Tank container with manhole socket 2 and manhole socket 1 for closing the manhole socket 2, which are lined with lead for the transport of aggressive filling goods, such as bromine, whereby the manhole socket 1 and the manhole socket 2 have sealing surfaces made of nickel 22, 23, 24 , which are produced in particular by means of build-up welding, as well as conventional containers and methods for this retrofitted according to the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=84546595

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2021
  • 2021-12-20 DE DE102021133841.7A patent/DE102021133841B3/de active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-12-13 WO PCT/EP2022/085603 patent/WO2023117583A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2022-12-13 JP JP2024558330A patent/JP2024547220A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-12-13 US US18/719,114 patent/US20240409307A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-12-13 EP EP22838673.6A patent/EP4452779A1/de active Pending

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