EP4448429A1 - Fahrkorbanordnung und verfahren zum montieren eines spindelantriebs in einer fahrkorbanordnung für einen doppelstockaufzug - Google Patents
Fahrkorbanordnung und verfahren zum montieren eines spindelantriebs in einer fahrkorbanordnung für einen doppelstockaufzugInfo
- Publication number
- EP4448429A1 EP4448429A1 EP22822045.5A EP22822045A EP4448429A1 EP 4448429 A1 EP4448429 A1 EP 4448429A1 EP 22822045 A EP22822045 A EP 22822045A EP 4448429 A1 EP4448429 A1 EP 4448429A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- car
- spindle
- recess
- elevator
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/36—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels
- B66B1/40—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels and for correct levelling at landings
- B66B1/42—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels and for correct levelling at landings separate from the main drive
- B66B1/425—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels and for correct levelling at landings separate from the main drive adapted for multi-deck cars in a single car frame
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
- B66B11/0206—Car frames
- B66B11/0213—Car frames for multi-deck cars
- B66B11/022—Car frames for multi-deck cars with changeable inter-deck distances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/0035—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support
- B66B11/0045—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support in the hoistway
- B66B11/005—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support in the hoistway on the car
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
- B66B11/026—Attenuation system for shocks, vibrations, imbalance, e.g. passengers on the same side
- B66B11/0266—Passive systems
- B66B11/0273—Passive systems acting between car and supporting frame
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a car arrangement for a double-deck elevator. Furthermore, the invention relates to a double-deck elevator with such a car arrangement and a method for installing a spindle drive in such a car arrangement.
- a double-deck elevator is characterized in principle by a car frame in which two cars or elevator cabins are arranged one above the other. By moving the car frame with the cars arranged therein, the cars can be moved together and thus stop at two floors one above the other at the same time.
- double-deck elevators are often equipped with an adjustment mechanism with which a vertical distance between the two cars can be adjusted accordingly, for example automatically during the journey to the next stop.
- the adjustment mechanism can include, for example, one or more electric spindle drives.
- a spindle drive For maintenance and repair purposes, such a spindle drive should be easily accessible and (de)mountable in the elevator shaft even after the installation of the double-deck elevator.
- EP 1 074 503 B1 shows an example of a double-deck elevator with two spindle drives for the vertical adjustment of two cars within a car frame.
- Each spindle drive includes a drive motor that is placed on top of the car frame.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a car arrangement for a double-deck elevator.
- the elevator car arrangement comprises a first elevator car, a second elevator car and an elevator car frame, which is arranged in an elevator shaft of the double-deck elevator so that it can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the elevator shaft.
- the first elevator car and the second elevator car are arranged one above the other in the elevator car frame.
- At least the first car can be displaced in the direction of a vertical axis along the car frame by means of a spindle drive.
- the spindle drive includes a spindle mechanically coupled to the first car and a drive unit for driving the spindle.
- the spindle drive is passed through a recess in a support structure of the car frame.
- the drive unit has a housing with a fastening flange, via which the housing is fastened to the support structure.
- the housing is positionable in a first position and a second position opposite the recess.
- the fastening flange releases the recess in the first position, so that the spindle drive can be guided through the recess in the direction of the vertical axis, and in the second position protrudes beyond an outer edge of the recess.
- the car frame can be understood as a frame-like framework made up of several carriers and/or carrier structures.
- the car frame can be guided via guide shoes and/or rollers on at least one vertically running guide rail anchored in the elevator shaft.
- the car frame can be constructed, for example, from two (horizontal) crossbeams and two (vertical) longitudinal beams, which are connected to form a frame via the crossbeams.
- the cars can be arranged one above the other within this frame.
- each longitudinal beam can be guided on a guide rail.
- the first and the second car can be moved together in the elevator shaft by moving the car frame along the guide rail(s) and thus stop at two floors one above the other at the same time.
- the spindle drive it is possible to adjust a vertical distance between the first and the second elevator car, for example in order to adapt the vertical distance to varying storey heights within a building.
- the spindle drive can be designed to move the first car in the opposite direction to the second car in the direction of the vertical axis along the car frame, i. i.e. the two cars move towards or away from each other at the same time.
- the drive unit can, for example, comprise an electric drive motor and a gearbox which couples a drive shaft of the drive motor to the spindle. Accordingly, the drive motor and the transmission can be accommodated by the housing.
- the drive unit can also be designed without a gear, so that the drive motor is coupled directly to the spindle.
- the spindle drive can thus be designed as a so-called direct spindle drive.
- the spindle can be rotatably mounted in a spindle nut, it being possible for the spindle nut to be attached to the first car in a suitable manner. Depending on the direction of rotation, turning the spindle causes a vertical distance between the drive unit and the spindle nut, i. H. between the supporting structure and the first car, shortened or lengthened.
- the first and second positions of the housing can be different angular positions in relation to a longitudinal axis of the housing.
- the housing can be rotated about its longitudinal axis together with the fastening flange between the first and the second position relative to the recess.
- a mounting flange can be understood to mean a plate-like or disk-like projection that protrudes from a housing body of the housing.
- the fastening flange can protrude from the housing body on opposite sides. This enables the housing to be stably attached to the support structure.
- the mounting flange can be positioned between two ends of the housing body be arranged. Alternatively, the fastening flange can terminate flush with one of the ends of the housing body, that is to say it can be part of an end face of the housing body.
- the fastening flange can completely or partially surround the housing body in its circumferential direction.
- the support structure can be a cross member of the car frame.
- a carrier structure in the form of a combination of two or more than two carriers is also possible.
- an x-shaped support structure is conceivable, consisting of a cross member and an additional support attached thereto, aligned obliquely thereto, which can have the recess for receiving the spindle drive or two recesses for receiving one spindle drive each (see below).
- the cross member can, for example, firmly connect two longitudinal members of the car frame to one another.
- a recess can be understood as a continuous opening in the support structure, which connects an upper side with an underside of the support structure.
- the drive unit and the spindle have a common longitudinal axis, i. H. are arranged coaxially with respect to a longitudinal axis of the spindle drive.
- the spindle drive can be aligned in the car frame, for example, in such a way that the spindle extends upwards, starting from the drive unit, in a direction parallel to the vertical axis, i. i.e. the spindle can be mounted upright.
- other configurations of the spindle drive are also conceivable, such as a configuration in which the spindle is suspended.
- the drive unit can be fastened in a suspended manner on the support structure, for example in such a way that the drive unit partially projects into the cutout and partially—on one or both sides—projects beyond the cutout.
- standing assembly of the drive unit would also be conceivable.
- the recess with the housing or fastening flange that can be rotated relative thereto can be understood as a type of bayonet catch that enables a form-fitting connection between the support structure and the spindle drive that can be quickly established and released.
- This in turn allows the spindle drive to be easily inserted into the support structure or removed therefrom without the need for additional components of the elevator car arrangement or the double-deck elevator, such as elevator cars, suspension means or a yoke that need to be dismantled.
- the spindle drive can thus be serviced and/or maintained with little effort despite the rather tight space conditions in the elevator shaft.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a double-deck elevator.
- the double-deck elevator comprises an elevator shaft and at least one car arrangement as described above and below, the car frame of the car arrangement(s) being arranged in the elevator shaft so that it can be displaced in the longitudinal direction thereof.
- Such a double-deck elevator can be serviced and/or maintained particularly easily due to the simplified (dis)assembly of the spindle drive.
- a third aspect of the invention relates to a method for installing a spindle drive in an elevator car arrangement, as described above and below.
- the method comprises at least the following steps, which can be performed, for example, in the order given below: (i) arranging the spindle drive opposite the recess in the supporting structure of the car frame, wherein the housing of the spindle drive is positioned in the first position opposite the recess so that the mounting flange of the housing clears the recess; (ii) passing the spindle drive in the direction of the vertical axis through the recess; (iii) rotating the housing to the second position so that the mounting flange extends beyond the outer edge of the recess; and (iv) attaching the housing to the support structure via the attachment flange.
- step (ii) the fastening flange can be brought, for example, from a position below the recess to a position above the recess.
- the spindle can be coupled mechanically to the first elevator car, for example by fastening a spindle nut seated on the spindle to the first elevator car, for example to its floor frame.
- This step can be carried out before or after step (iv), but after step (ii).
- a corresponding method for removing the spindle drive from the elevator car arrangement can include the following steps, for example: (v) detaching the housing from the support structure; (vi) rotating the housing back to the first position; (vii) Passing the spindle driver in the direction of the vertical axis through the recess to remove the spindle driver.
- the passage of the spindle drive in step (vii) may be in a direction opposite to the direction in step (ii).
- the support structure can form a floor of the car frame.
- the first and second cars can be above the ground, i. H. the support structure, be arranged in the car frame. It is thus possible to insert the spindle drive into the support structure from below.
- the first car can be arranged below the second car when the double-deck elevator is in the operational state. This improves the accessibility of the first car and/or the spindle drive coupled thereto from below the car arrangement in the elevator shaft, for example for maintenance and/or repair purposes.
- the fastening flange in the second position, can protrude beyond the outer edge of the recess on opposite sides of the recess.
- the mounting flange can be supported on both sides of the support structure. This improves the support of the spindle drive on the support structure.
- the fastening flange can be fastened to the support structure via a damping element.
- the damping element can be arranged at least partially between the fastening flange and the support structure.
- the damping element can at least partially surround the housing.
- the damping element can be made at least partially from a particularly vibration-damping material, such as an elastomer or another suitable plastic, such as polyurethane. So she can Transmission of unwanted vibrations between the support structure and the spindle drive in the operation of the double-deck elevator can be avoided or greatly reduced.
- the fastening flange and the damping element can be screwed together. Additionally or alternatively, the damping element and the support structure can be screwed together.
- the (dis)assembly of the spindle drive can be further simplified.
- the damping element can be divided into at least two individual parts that can be assembled and/or disassembled separately from one another. If the damping element is implemented as a layer stack made up of several layers (see below), the damping element can be divided into the individual parts, for example transversely to the stacking direction of the layer stack. This simplifies the (dis)assembly of the damping element. For example, it can thus be avoided that further components of the elevator car arrangement have to be disassembled for the (dis)assembly of the damping element.
- the damping element can be made up of at least two layers lying one on top of the other.
- the layers can differ from each other in their materials.
- the damping element can be implemented as a stack of layers made up of a plurality of layers stacked on top of one another in a stacking direction.
- the layers in a suitable manner i. H. be non-positively, positively and/or cohesively connected to one another.
- one of the layers can be a support layer made of a relatively strong material such as metal and the other layer can be a damping layer made of a relatively vibration-damping material such as plastic. In this way, vibration-damping properties of the damping element can be adjusted in a targeted manner without impairing its strength.
- the damping element can be made up of two outer layers and at least one intermediate layer arranged between the two outer layers.
- the material of the intermediate layer can differ from that of the outer layers.
- each outer layer may be of a relatively strong material such as metal, while the intermediate layer may be of a relatively vibration-damping material such as plastic.
- the intermediate layer can thus be stabilized on both sides and/or protected from mechanical damage.
- the outer layers in mounted state of the spindle drive protect the intermediate layer from direct contact with the mounting flange and / or the support structure.
- the intermediate layer can be a plastic layer, such as an elastomer or polyurethane layer.
- the outer layers can be metal layers. This enables a particularly low-maintenance damping element, which can also be provided relatively inexpensively.
- the first car can be displaced in the direction of the vertical axis along the car frame by means of two spindle drives.
- Each spindle drive can include a spindle mechanically coupled to the first car and a drive unit for driving the spindle.
- the spindle drives can be passed through different recesses in the support structure.
- Each drive unit can have a housing which can be positioned in the first position and in the second position opposite the respective recess and has a fastening flange.
- the two spindle drives can, for example, be of identical construction and/or can be (dis)assembled in the same or similar manner as described above and below using the example of the (individual) spindle drive. It is possible that the spindle drives are mounted diagonally opposite each other on the car frame. This means that the car can be reliably adjusted vertically even with a high load.
- the second car can also be displaced in the direction of the vertical axis along the car frame by means of one or more spindle drives.
- the spindle drive or the spindle drives can be designed analogously to the spindle drive of the first elevator car.
- first and the second car can be displaced along the car frame by means of the same spindle drive or the same spindle drives. This makes it possible to move the cars simultaneously without changing a vertical distance between them.
- the first and the second car can be displaced along the car frame by means of different spindle drives. This makes it possible to move the cars independently of each other.
- the second car can be fixed in the direction of the vertical axis in the car frame. Due to the fact that only one of the elevator cars can be moved, the dead weight of the elevator car arrangement can be kept low. In addition, the manufacturing and assembly costs can be reduced in this way.
- the housing can be attached to the support structure via the attachment flange in the second position. In this way it can be ensured that the housing does not slip vertically during operation of the double-deck elevator, not even if the screw connection of the fastening flange should loosen for unforeseen reasons.
- FIG. 1 shows a double-deck elevator according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a section of a carrier structure of a car arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention during (dis)assembly of a spindle drive.
- FIG 3 shows a plan view of the portion of the support structure with the spindle drive mounted.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the support structure from FIG. 3 along section line IV-IV.
- the double-deck elevator 1 shows a double-decker elevator 1 in an operational state.
- the double-deck elevator 1 comprises a car arrangement 2 consisting of a first car 3, a second car 4 and a car frame 5.
- Vertically running guide rails 7 can be anchored in an elevator shaft 6 of the double-decker elevator 1, between which the car frame 5 in the direction a vertical axis z, hereinafter referred to as the z-direction for short, ie in the longitudinal direction of the elevator shaft 6, can be slidably mounted.
- the two cars 3, 4 are arranged one above the other in the car frame 5.
- the first car 3 is located below the second car 4.
- the two cars 3, 4 it is also possible for the two cars 3, 4 to be arranged in reverse in the car frame 5.
- the two cars 3, 4 can be moved together and thus simultaneously on two adjacent, d. H. storeys directly above one another.
- Floor heights can vary within a building. For example, a vertical distance between two adjacent floors can decrease as the height of a building increases, which can be the case in particular with high-rise buildings. A vertical distance between the two cars 3, 4 within the car frame 5 should therefore be able to be adjusted accordingly.
- At least one of the elevator cars 3, 4, here for example the first, lower elevator car 3, is mounted in the elevator car frame 5 so that it can be displaced in the z-direction.
- the second car 4 on the other hand, can be firmly connected to the car frame 5, that is to say fixed to the car frame 5 in the z-direction.
- the vertical adjustment of the first elevator car 3 can take place, for example, by means of two (identical) spindle drives 8, each of which has a spindle 9 and a drive unit 10 for driving, i. H. include motorized rotation of the spindle 9.
- Each drive unit 10 comprises a housing 11 in which, for example, an electric drive motor and optionally a gear unit that couples the drive motor to the respective spindle 9 can be arranged.
- Each spindle drive 8 is passed through a specially provided recess 12 in a support structure 13 of the car frame 5 .
- the support structure 13 forms a floor 14 of the car frame 5, ie both cars 3, 4 are located above the support structure 13.
- the The first car 3 is mounted displaceably in the z-direction in a longitudinal section of the car frame 5 located between the support structure 13 and the second car 4 .
- the spindles 9 can also each be passed through a floor frame 15 of the first elevator car 3 .
- a spindle nut (not shown) fastened on and/or in the base frame 15 .
- Each housing 11 also has a fastening flange 16, via which the housing 11, and thus the respective spindle drive 8, is fastened to the support structure 13.
- the housing 11 can be mounted hanging in the respective recess 12 , with the fastening flanges 16 being able to rest on an upper side of the support structure 13 facing the base frame 15 .
- the spindle 9 and the drive unit 10 of the same spindle drive 8 can have a common longitudinal axis, with the spindle 9 being able to extend upwards in the z-direction from the drive unit 10 to the first car 3 .
- the spindle 9 can be rotatably mounted in a corresponding spindle bearing of the car frame 5 .
- a vertical distance between the support structure 13 and the base frame 15 is either shortened or lengthened, i. That is, the first car 3 is either moved towards or away from the second car 4 (fixed in the car frame 5).
- each fastening flange 16 can be aligned in two different positions relative to the respective recess 12 by rotating the respective housing 11 about its longitudinal axis.
- FIG. 2 shows a (dis)assembly position of the fastening flange 16 in which the fastening flange 16 can be guided through the recess 12 in the z-direction without hindrance.
- the recess 12 is large enough so that in the (dis)assembly position not only the mounting flange 16 but also the rest of the spindle drive 8, ie the spindle 9 and the drive unit 10 with its housing 11, through the recess 12 in the z-direction can pass through.
- Fig. 3 shows a fastening position of the fastening flange 16, in which the fastening flange 16 can be brought, for example, in that the housing 11, not shown in FIG. )mounting position is rotated 90 degrees.
- the fastening flange 16 In the fastening position, the fastening flange 16 partially protrudes beyond an outer edge 17 of the recess 12 . This prevents the spindle drive 8 from being able to be passed through the recess 12 in the z-direction—away from the viewer in the view shown in FIG.
- the fastening flange 16 can project beyond the outer edge 17 on both sides, which improves the support of the spindle drive 8 on the carrier structure 13 .
- the fastening flange 16 can be fastened to the support structure 13 directly or optionally via a vibration-damping damping element 18 .
- the damping element 18 can be arranged between the fastening flange 16 and the support structure 13, as can be seen from FIG.
- the fastening flange 16 can be screwed to the damping element 18 with a plurality of screws 19 , while the damping element 18 in turn can be screwed to the support structure 13 with a number of screws 19 .
- the damping element 18 can be composed of two or more than two individual parts 20 .
- the individual parts 20 can be (de)assembled separately from one another.
- the individual parts 20 can at least partially enclose the drive unit 10 and/or the housing 11 in the assembled state.
- the damping element 18 can be made up of several superimposed layers 21, 22 of different materials, here of two stabilizing, metallic outer layers 21 and a vibration-damping plastic layer lying between the two outer layers 21 as an intermediate layer 22.
- One of the outer layers 21 rests against the fastening flange 16 and the other outer layer 21 rests against the support structure 13 .
- a method for installing a spindle drive 8 in the elevator car arrangement 2 is described below by way of example.
- the spindle drive 8 is arranged opposite the recess 12 in such a way that the housing 11 is aligned with its fastening flange 16 opposite the recess 12 in the (dis)assembly position.
- the spindle drive 8 can then be lifted in the z-direction using a suitable lifting device, such as a crane, and guided through the recess 12 from below until the fastening flange 16 lies over the recess 12 .
- a suitable lifting device such as a crane
- the spindle drive 8 is then lowered again until the fastening flange 16 lies flat on the damping element 18 .
- the spindle drive 8 can now be aligned.
- the spindle drive 8 can be dismantled in the reverse order.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21214587 | 2021-12-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/083098 WO2023110352A1 (de) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-11-24 | Fahrkorbanordnung und verfahren zum montieren eines spindelantriebs in einer fahrkorbanordnung für einen doppelstockaufzug |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4448429A1 true EP4448429A1 (de) | 2024-10-23 |
| EP4448429B1 EP4448429B1 (de) | 2025-07-16 |
Family
ID=78916701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22822045.5A Active EP4448429B1 (de) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-11-24 | Fahrkorbanordnung und verfahren zum montieren eines spindelantriebs in einer fahrkorbanordnung für einen doppelstockaufzug |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12428267B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4448429B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118414295A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2022413040B2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023110352A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07315773A (ja) * | 1994-05-21 | 1995-12-05 | Nippon Kiyaria Kogyo:Kk | 容器昇降機等の駆動装置 |
| JP3345565B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-11 | 2002-11-18 | 森ビル株式会社 | 可変式ダブルデッキエレベーター |
| JP2000344448A (ja) | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-12 | Toshiba Corp | ダブルデッキエレベーター装置 |
| JP4107858B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-22 | 2008-06-25 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | ダブルデッキエレベータ |
| JP5498738B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-19 | 2014-05-21 | 日本オーチス・エレベータ株式会社 | ダブルデッキエレベータ |
| JP5679602B1 (ja) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-04 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | 階間調整機能付きエレベータ |
| DE102013110790A1 (de) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag | Aufzuganlage |
-
2022
- 2022-11-24 WO PCT/EP2022/083098 patent/WO2023110352A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-24 AU AU2022413040A patent/AU2022413040B2/en active Active
- 2022-11-24 US US18/716,978 patent/US12428267B2/en active Active
- 2022-11-24 CN CN202280083045.2A patent/CN118414295A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-24 EP EP22822045.5A patent/EP4448429B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2022413040B2 (en) | 2025-10-16 |
| US20250033932A1 (en) | 2025-01-30 |
| WO2023110352A1 (de) | 2023-06-22 |
| EP4448429B1 (de) | 2025-07-16 |
| CN118414295A (zh) | 2024-07-30 |
| US12428267B2 (en) | 2025-09-30 |
| AU2022413040A1 (en) | 2024-06-27 |
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