EP4444487A1 - Verfahren zum optimieren der chemischen zusammensetzung eines werkstoffs - Google Patents
Verfahren zum optimieren der chemischen zusammensetzung eines werkstoffsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4444487A1 EP4444487A1 EP22834865.2A EP22834865A EP4444487A1 EP 4444487 A1 EP4444487 A1 EP 4444487A1 EP 22834865 A EP22834865 A EP 22834865A EP 4444487 A1 EP4444487 A1 EP 4444487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chemical composition
- target
- calculated
- target function
- iii
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C60/00—Computational materials science, i.e. ICT specially adapted for investigating the physical or chemical properties of materials or phenomena associated with their design, synthesis, processing, characterisation or utilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2300/00—Process aspects
- C21B2300/04—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2300/00—Process aspects
- C21C2300/06—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C20/00—Chemoinformatics, i.e. ICT specially adapted for the handling of physicochemical or structural data of chemical particles, elements, compounds or mixtures
- G16C20/30—Prediction of properties of chemical compounds, compositions or mixtures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for optimizing the chemical composition of a material, preferably a metallic material used for continuous casting.
- the operation of the secondary cooling of a continuous casting plant is usually implemented with spray or cooling water, the amount of water that is applied to the surfaces of the cast strand being adjusted by specifying target temperature curves.
- the course of these target temperature curves can vary depending on the material of the material to be cast, and e.g. depending on certain cooling zones of the supporting strand guide and/or the casting speed.
- a target temperature curve determines the target values for the surface temperature to be reached by the strand within the supporting strand guide, e.g. at the end of individual cooling zones that are part of this supporting strand guide.
- the amount of spray water from the secondary cooling system is regulated in such a way that these target values are achieved.
- EP 2 346 631 B1 discloses a method and a device for controlling the solidification of a cast strand in a continuous casting plant when the casting process known.
- a continuous casting plant is equipped with a process computer on which first software and second software are installed.
- the first software calculates in real time and regulates the casting process, which is carried out with the continuous caster, in a known manner.
- the second software which has a higher calculation speed than the first software, during the initial phase of a new casting process or when there is a change in the parameters of the currently running casting process, based on processing of data currently obtained from the current casting process and/or on the basis of data stored in a database first generates correction factors, with the second software then generating corrected setpoint data for the casting process using these correction factors and transferring them to the first software.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a technology which is particularly suitable for the continuous casting of metals and with which a chemical composition of a material can be optimized in order in particular to reduce the risk of cracks in products made from this material.
- a method according to the present invention is for optimizing the chemical composition of a material, preferably a metallic material used for continuous casting. Such a procedure includes the steps:
- step (iii) calculation of at least one target function in the form of a material and/or structural property of the material using a material calculation model based on the chemical composition of the material changed according to step (ii),
- step (iv) comparing the target function calculated according to step (iii) with a predetermined permissible target range of the target function,
- step (v) if the check according to step (iv) shows that the calculated target function is within the predetermined permissible target range: storing the chemical composition changed according to step (ii) in a database in order to define a new target composition for the material ,
- step (vi) if the check according to step (iv) shows that the calculated objective function is outside the predetermined permissible target range: storing the calculated value for the objective function and the changed chemical composition according to step (ii) for the material, and continue with step ( vii), (vii) if the chemical composition of the material changed according to step (ii) can be further changed within the permissible limit: changing at least one chemical component of the material within the permissible limit, and back to step (iii); otherwise go to step (viii),
- step (viii) Selecting a chemical composition changed according to step (ii), in which the target function calculated according to step (iii) has the smallest distance to the predetermined permissible target range, and storing this changed chemical composition in a database in order to create a new one for the material To define target composition.
- a variant of a method according to the present invention which is of independent importance and which is also used to optimize the chemical composition of a material, preferably a metallic material used for continuous casting, provides for the following steps:
- step (iii) comparing the target function calculated according to step (ii) with a predetermined permissible target range of the target function
- step (iv) if the comparison according to step (iii) shows that the calculated target function is outside the predetermined permissible target range: storing the calculated value for the target function and the chemical composition for the material according to step (i), and continue with step (v );
- step (v) if the chemical composition of the material can be changed within the allowable limit: changing at least one chemical component of the material within the allowable limit, and proceeding to step (vi); otherwise go to step (ix),
- step (vi) Repeating steps (ii) and (iii) with the proviso that the calculation of at least one target function in the form of a material and / or structural property of the material according to step (ii) on the basis of step (v) modified chemical Composition of the material takes place, and continue with step (vii),
- step (vii) if the renewed comparison according to step (iii) shows that the calculated target function is within the predetermined permissible target range: storing the chemical composition changed according to step (v) in a database in order to define a new target composition for the material; otherwise continue with step (viii),
- step (viii) if the new comparison according to step (iii) shows that the calculated target function is outside the predetermined permissible target range: storing the calculated value for the target function and the changed chemical composition for the material according to step (v), and repeating step (v)
- step (ix) Selecting a chemical composition for which the target function calculated according to step (ii) has the smallest distance to the predetermined permissible target range, and storing this modified chemical composition in a database in order to define a new target composition for the material.
- the present invention is based on the knowledge that a material, preferably a metallic material, which is used for continuous casting is not defined by an exact analytical content.
- a material preferably a metallic material, which is used for continuous casting is not defined by an exact analytical content.
- the present invention is based on the essential finding that the material calculation model used in step (iii) (or step ii of the variant mentioned) makes it possible to calculate at least one target function for a material in the form of a material - To calculate and/or structural properties, namely on the basis of the chemical Composition of the material and preferably independent of the current process conditions of continuous casting, with which an intermediate or end product is produced from the material.
- step (iv) (or in step iii of the variant mentioned), the result of this calculated target function, ie at least one calculated material and/or microstructure property, is compared with a predetermined permissible target range, depending on the result the process is continued either with step (v) or with step (vi) (or in the variant mentioned: with step iv).
- the material analysis of the material is optimized with regard to at least one target function thereof.
- step (i) of the method according to the invention it should be pointed out at this point that either a chemical composition for a specific material is recorded in a suitable manner, for example by measurement, or a chemical composition that has already been created for a specific material stored in a database is retrieved from this database.
- step (v) if the condition of step (v) is met, the new target composition thus defined for the material is used for step (i) and then steps (ii) to (v) repeated at least once, preferably several times.
- step (viii) after step (viii) has been carried out, the new target composition thus defined for the material is used for step (i) and on the basis of which the method is then continued with step (ii).
- the method according to the invention can be used for thick or thin slab plants as well as billet, bloom and/or round plants.
- this can be carried out for a chemical composition within the permissible limit ranges of a material, a currently cast chemical composition of a material or for a chemical composition of a material to be cast in the future.
- the analysis components are varied in such a way that the calculated values of the target function are within a permissible target range. If this permissible target range is not reached, then the analysis composition with the smallest deviation from the target range is used, as defined by step (viii) (or in step ix of the mentioned variant).
- the following material and/or structural properties of the material can be calculated and, if necessary, improved or optimized according to the calculation of at least one target function in step (iii) (or in step ii of the variant mentioned): • course of the main phases (melt, austenite, ferrite and cementite),
- step (iii) (or in step ii of the variant mentioned) several target functions for the material are calculated simultaneously.
- the method according to the invention can be expedient for at least one selected target function to be assigned a greater weighting than in comparison to other target functions. If several objective functions are to be optimized at the same time, a user can thus decide which objective function should be weighted the most. For example, in the case of problems with surface cracks, the ductility and the far transformation are decisive, in the case of internal cracks, however, the position and size of the brittle temperature range and the tendency to globulitic solidification.
- the actual chemical composition for a material can be detected by measurement, in particular at a position of an associated production plant at which a change in the chemical composition or the associated components of the material is preferably still possible.
- this can be understood to mean that a sample is taken during steel production at a position at which the analysis of the material can still be changed last (conditioning status).
- the material and structural properties of the material are now calculated and optimized for this measured analysis.
- the analysis ie the chemical composition of the material, can now be changed in such a way that in the subsequent casting process the target functions remain within the permissible target range or the deviation from the permissible target range is as small as possible.
- At least one chemical component of the material can be changed according to step (ii) in such a way that a target function calculated in step (iii) remains within the predetermined permissible target range or a deviation of the target function determined in step (viii). assumes the lowest possible value from the predetermined permissible target range.
- the changing of at least one chemical component of the material according to step (ii) (or in step (v) of the variant mentioned) can relate to an alloying element of the material.
- a change in at least one chemical component of the material according to step (ii) (or in step (v) of the variant mentioned) can be an addition of a further alloying element and/or a change in the amount of one already used affect alloying element.
- Such alloying elements can consist of the elements C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, Al, Ti, V, Nb, Pb, Bi, Co, W, B and/or N.
- the new target composition for the material which is defined according to step (v) or step (viii), can be used to control and/or regulate process parameters of a process for producing a metallic product, in particular by continuous casting, are taken into account.
- This also applies mutatis mutandis to the method according to the above-mentioned variant, namely there in relation to steps (vii) or (ix).
- these material and/or structure properties can also be used to directly control and/or regulate the process parameters during continuous casting for a currently cast analysis, in order thereby to improve the strand quality
- steps (ii) to (iv) can be carried out repeatedly, with at least one chemical component of the material being changed within the permissible limit range in order to optimize the calculated target function, and the changed chemical composition with which the optimized objective function has been reached is stored in the database.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a metallic product from a material, in particular for producing a cast strand in a continuous casting plant, in which at least one chemical component of the material is determined by calculating at least one associated target function of the material in the form of a material and/or or structural property is optimized in the manner explained above.
- the present invention is characterized in that an improvement in quality for products made from this material can be achieved with even a small change in at least one chemical component of the material within a permissible limit range.
- quality improvements can be associated with the following characteristics:
- Quality improvement in continuous casting on thick or thin slab plants as well as on billet, bloom or round plants by calculating and combining different material properties stored standard, the currently cast analysis or an analysis to be cast in the future.
- this crack-critical temperature range can be reduced by small changes in the analysis, thus reducing the risk of internal cracks.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention according to a second embodiment
- Fig. 3 a table with limit values of components of a chemical composition for a steel of the "low-carbon" type
- Fig. 4 Diagrams for precipitation phases for a material with different proportions of nitrogen
- Fig. 8 ZTU diagrams for a material with different manganese contents.
- a method according to the invention in which it is possible to change the chemical composition, is explained below with reference to FIGS of a material, in particular to improve the susceptibility to cracking of a product made from it.
- the use of this method is particularly advantageous in connection with the continuous casting of a metallic material.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagram for the sequence of a method according to the invention according to a first embodiment.
- this procedure includes the following steps:
- a chemical composition for a specific material is recorded—preferably metrologically—or a chemical composition that has already been created for a specific material is retrieved from a database.
- a permissible limit range for each chemical component of the material is defined by permissible upper and lower limits.
- step S2 At least one chemical component of the material from step (i) is changed within the permissible limit range.
- FIG. 1 shows a further embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- the aforesaid dotted line is to be understood to mean that from step S5/S8, in which a new target composition for the material is stored (“new target analysis”), a jump back to step S1 is provided.
- new target analysis in which a new target composition for the material is stored
- step S1 a jump back to step S1 is provided.
- the calculated values for this new target composition are then stored in a database and then form the data basis for step S1, with at least one chemical component of the material then being changed within the permissible limit range in accordance with step S2, and then the further steps (S3 etc.) are carried out.
- FIG. 2 A flow chart for a method according to the invention according to a further embodiment is shown and explained below with reference to FIG. 2 .
- the method according to FIG. 2 comprises the following steps in detail:
- step S102 the calculation of at least one target function in the form of a material and/or structural property of the material is carried out on the basis of the data from step S101 and then, as explained, in step S103 a comparison or check is carried out as to whether the calculated target function in lies within a predetermined allowable target range of the target function.
- step S107 the next method step is either step S107 (“save as new target analysis for this material”) or step S104 (“save the achieved or calculated target value”).
- step S104 a check is then carried out according to step (v) to determine whether the chemical composition of the material can be changed within the permissible limit range. If so, this is followed by step S105 in which then the at least one chemical component of the material is changed for the first time within the permissible limit range, with a subsequent repetition of steps (ii) and (iii) or S102 and S103.
- FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- the aforesaid dotted line should be understood to mean that step S107/S109, in which a new target composition for the material is stored (“new target analysis”), is followed by a jump back to step S101.
- new target analysis a new target composition for the material
- step S101 a new target composition for the material
- steps S6+S7 or S104+S105 may be run through several times under the stated condition “NO”.
- FIGS. 3-8 further aspects or features are explained which apply in the same way to the method from FIG. 1 and from FIG.
- the table of FIG. 3 shows allowable values for selected chemical components thereof (ie C, Si, Mn, P, S, Al, Cu, Ni, Cr, V, Ti, Mo) for a steel of the "low carbon" type
- a permissible limit range is defined for the element carbon (“C")
- C element carbon
- a lower limit of 0.040% by weight is defined, with an allowable upper limit of 0.060% by weight being defined.
- a typical one Value within an allowable limit range defined for the element carbon by these upper and lower limits consists of the value of 0.055% by weight.
- the table according to FIG. 3 thus illustrates a permissible limit range or the analysis limits for a steel grade of the “low-carbon” type.
- niobium carbonitride Nb(CN)
- aluminum nitride AIN
- manganese sulfite MnS
- These precipitation phases occur in very small concentrations and accordingly only have a small influence on the enthalpy and thus on the temperature profile. Nevertheless, these precipitation phases can settle at the grain boundaries of the material and thus weaken its structure. Such a reduction in ductility can lead to cracks and thus to a reduction in the quality of the strand.
- the precipitation phases for aluminum nitride as a function of the nitrogen content are shown in the diagrams according to FIGS. 4a and 4b.
- the graph of Figure 4a shows the precipitation phase for aluminum nitride of a material at 0.006% nitrogen
- the graph of Figure 4b shows the precipitation phase at 0.003% nitrogen.
- the nitrogen content has been halved compared to the diagram of Fig. 4a, namely from 0.006% to only 0.003%.
- the thermal contraction of the material can be taken into account or determined as material and/or microstructure properties for the method according to the invention when calculating at least one target function according to step (iii).
- the diagram of FIG. 5 shows the progression of thermal contraction for a material when its carbon content is varied, in the present case for an X80 material.
- the diagram of FIG. 5 makes it clear that such a steel has the greatest contraction with a carbon content of approx. 0.11%. This is consistent with practical experience, according to which peritectic steel has an increased risk of cracking.
- a material does not have an exact analysis specification, but rather a range.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the determination of thermal contraction, each with the minimum and maximum limits of the other elements via a Scheil calculation (known in the prior art). As a result of this calculation, a surface is spanned for the heat contraction, as shown by the curve in Fig. 6.
- dendrites elongated grains
- globulites can be formed in the melt, depending on the analysis, solidification speed and temperature gradient.
- the proportion of the globular structure (equiaxed) of the material can be calculated and controlled.
- FIG. 8b shows the ZTU diagram for this material when its manganese content has been increased to 1.35%.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021213885.3A DE102021213885A1 (de) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Verfahren zum Optimieren der chemischen Zusammensetzung eines Werkstoffs |
| PCT/EP2022/084671 WO2023104836A1 (de) | 2021-12-07 | 2022-12-06 | Verfahren zum optimieren der chemischen zusammensetzung eines werkstoffs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4444487A1 true EP4444487A1 (de) | 2024-10-16 |
Family
ID=84767252
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22834865.2A Withdrawn EP4444487A1 (de) | 2021-12-07 | 2022-12-06 | Verfahren zum optimieren der chemischen zusammensetzung eines werkstoffs |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4444487A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021213885A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023104836A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010051981A1 (de) | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-14 | Sms Siemag Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der erstarrung eines glessstrangs in einer stranggiessanlage beim anfahren des glessprozesses |
| DE102012224502A1 (de) | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Sms Siemag Ag | Walzverfahren, bevorzugt für eine Warmbandstraße oder eine Grobblechstraße |
| DE102014224461A1 (de) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-07-23 | Sms Siemag Ag | Verfahren zur optimierten Herstellung von metallischen Stahl- und Eisenlegierungen in Warmwalz- und Grobblechwerken mittels eines Gefügesimulators, -monitors und/oder -modells |
| DE102015223788A1 (de) | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-01 | Sms Group Gmbh | Verfahren zum Stranggießen eines Metallstranges und durch dieses Verfahren erhaltener Gießstrang |
| DE102019208736A1 (de) | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Sms Group Gmbh | Verfahren zum Gießen eines Gießstrangs in einer Stranggießanlage |
-
2021
- 2021-12-07 DE DE102021213885.3A patent/DE102021213885A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-12-06 EP EP22834865.2A patent/EP4444487A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-12-06 WO PCT/EP2022/084671 patent/WO2023104836A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023104836A1 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
| DE102021213885A1 (de) | 2023-06-07 |
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