EP4440973A1 - System und verfahren zur bestimmung der position einer in einem aufzugschacht verfahrbar angeordneten aufzugkabine einer aufzuganlage - Google Patents
System und verfahren zur bestimmung der position einer in einem aufzugschacht verfahrbar angeordneten aufzugkabine einer aufzuganlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP4440973A1 EP4440973A1 EP22813255.1A EP22813255A EP4440973A1 EP 4440973 A1 EP4440973 A1 EP 4440973A1 EP 22813255 A EP22813255 A EP 22813255A EP 4440973 A1 EP4440973 A1 EP 4440973A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- marking element
- elevator
- evaluation unit
- cells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/3492—Position or motion detectors or driving means for the detector
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft, with the features of claim 1 and a method for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft, with the features of claim 8.
- Elevators are used to transport people and/or goods between floors of buildings.
- at least one elevator car accommodating people and/or goods is moved in an elevator shaft, in particular vertically between the floors.
- the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft must be determined and processed by an elevator controller, in particular in order to be able to stop the elevator car at exactly one floor and to be able to ensure that the elevator car is only moved in a permitted area of the elevator shaft.
- An elevator controller in particular in order to be able to stop the elevator car at exactly one floor and to be able to ensure that the elevator car is only moved in a permitted area of the elevator shaft.
- a large number of systems for determining the position of an elevator car in an elevator shaft are known, which are based on a wide variety of measuring principles.
- EP1390284B1 describes a system for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft, in which a code tape extending over the entire elevator shaft is scanned and the position of the elevator car is determined from the information read out.
- EP 3452396 B1 describes a system for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator system that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft with a 3D sensor in the form of a 3D camera, an evaluation unit in the form of a computer system and a marking element in the form of an edge between a shaft wall and a shaft bottom.
- the 3D camera is arranged on the elevator car and has several sensor cells. It is arranged in such a way that it detects said edge and an area around the edge as an object.
- the computer system is configured to use measurement data received from the 3D camera to determine a distance from each sensor cell to a part of an object detected by this sensor cell and based on distances from sensor cells to a part of the object detected by these sensor cells -Camera detected object to determine the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft.
- the object of the invention is to propose a system and a method for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft, which in particular enable the position of an elevator car in an elevator shaft to be determined cost-effectively and with little installation effort and yet accurately.
- this object is achieved with a system having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 8 .
- the system according to the invention for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft has a 3D sensor, an evaluation unit that is in communication with the 3D sensor, and a marking element.
- 3D sensor has a number of sensor cells and the evaluation unit is configured to use measurement data received from the 3D sensor to determine a distance of each sensor cell from a part of an object detected by this sensor cell.
- the 3D sensor is arranged to detect the marker and an area around the marker as an object.
- the evaluation unit is configured to determine those sensor cells which detect the marking element. It is also configured based on the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft on the determined distances to the detected object of these sensor cells and/or sensor cells which are arranged in an area adjoining the named sensor cells.
- the position of the elevator car is determined based on the determined distance between the 3D sensor and a specified, known point or area. This is particularly advantageous because the elevator car can sway when moving in the elevator shaft.
- it is also specified in this case which distances measured by the 3D sensor are to be used for determining the position of the elevator car. This enables the position of the elevator car to be determined particularly precisely.
- the system does not require any other components that have to be installed in the elevator shaft or on the elevator car.
- a code strip that extends over the entire elevator shaft does not have to be installed. The system according to the invention therefore requires only little installation effort.
- the marking element is designed in such a way that it actively emits electromagnetic radiation.
- the sensor cells of the 3D sensor are then designed in such a way that they can detect the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the marking element.
- the 3D sensor is designed in such a way that for each sensor cell it transmits an intensity parameter that characterizes the amount of said electromagnetic radiation to the evaluation unit.
- the evaluation unit is configured to determine the sensor cells detecting the marking element on the basis of the aforementioned intensity parameters. The sensor cells detecting the marking element can thus be determined particularly reliably.
- the sensor cells are in particular designed as PMD sensors which, in addition to the distance of the detected object, can calculate a so-called gray value from the intensity of the detected electromagnetic radiation.
- This gray value is then a quantity of the mentioned electromagnetic radiation characteristic intensity parameter, which is transmitted to the evaluation unit. Due to the emission of said electromagnetic radiation through the marking element, the sensor cells detecting the marking element determine a particularly high intensity of the detected electromagnetic radiation and can thus be determined particularly easily by the evaluation unit.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the marking element has in particular the same or at least a similar wavelength as the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter of the TOF camera comprising the sensor cells.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the marking element is selected in such a way that it can be detected by the 3D sensor.
- the stated object is also achieved with a method for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft, with a system described above for determining the position of an elevator car of an elevator installation that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft.
- the evaluation unit determines those sensor cells which detect the marking element.
- the evaluation unit determines the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft based on the determined distances to the detected object of these sensor cells and/or sensor cells, which are arranged in an area adjacent to the sensor cells mentioned.
- the 3D sensor and the evaluation unit are in particular arranged in spatial proximity to one another, for example in a common housing. However, it is also possible for the 3D sensor and the evaluation unit to be spatially separated from one another. It is also possible for the evaluation unit to consist of a plurality of parts or modules which are in communication with one another and which can be arranged at least partially on the 3D sensor or at a distance from it. At least one module of the evaluation unit can also be designed as a control device which performs other control tasks within the elevator installation.
- the 3D sensor is immobile at one end of the elevator shaft and that Marking element is arranged on a side of the elevator car facing the 3D sensor or
- the marking element is immovable at one end of the elevator shaft and the 3D sensor is arranged on a side of the elevator car facing the marking element.
- either the marking element or the 3D sensor is moved with the elevator car in the elevator shaft and the respective other part is immovable, in particular arranged at one end of the elevator shaft.
- the elevator shaft is mainly aligned vertically, either the marking element or the 3D sensor is arranged immovably at the lower end or at the upper end of the elevator shaft. It is known at which position or height the marking element or the 3D sensor is arranged in the elevator shaft. It is also known at which point the corresponding other part is arranged on the elevator car.
- the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft can be determined based on the stated fixed position of the marking element or the 3D sensor in the elevator shaft and the distance to the marking element or to an area adjacent to the marking element determined by the 3D sensor.
- the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft determines the height at which the elevator car is located.
- the position of the elevator car can be determined at any time. It is not necessary for a previous position of the elevator car to be known.
- the 3D sensor and the evaluation unit are in particular part of a so-called 3D camera.
- 3D cameras are available on the market at comparatively low prices.
- the 3D sensor is designed in particular as a photomixing detector, also known as a PMD sensor (Photonic Mixing Device), the functional principle of which is based on the time-of-flight method.
- the 3D camera comprising the 3D sensor is designed as a so-called time-of-flight camera or, for short, as a TOF camera.
- the TOF camera and thus the system for determining the position of an elevator car in an elevator shaft thus have a transmitter for emitting electromagnetic radiation.
- the 3D sensor is then included configured to determine for each sensor cell a propagation time of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter and reflected by the detected object and to transmit it to the evaluation unit via said communication connection.
- the evaluation unit is then configured to determine the distance of each sensor cell from a part of the object detected by the 3D sensor that is detected by this sensor cell on the basis of the transit times mentioned. It is also possible for the 3D sensor to transmit measurement data to the evaluation unit and for the evaluation unit to determine the transit times mentioned and thus the distances mentioned. The transit times mentioned are determined in particular by determining a phase shift between the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter and the electromagnetic radiation reflected by the detected object.
- the 3D sensor can have, for example, a plurality of TOF distance sensors described in EP2743724B1, each of the TOF distance sensors corresponding to a sensor cell.
- the 3D sensor can also determine the distances of the individual sensor cells from a detected object based on a different measuring principle.
- the 3D sensor can be part of a stereo camera or a triangulation system, for example.
- the 3D sensor has a number of sensor cells, in particular in the form of individual TOF sensors, which are arranged in particular in a matrix arrangement.
- a sensor cell can also be referred to as a pixel of the 3D sensor.
- the 3D sensor can have 160 ⁇ 60 or 320 ⁇ 240 sensor cells, for example.
- the 3D sensor is arranged in such a way that it detects the marking element and an area around the marking element as an object. It is particularly important to ensure that the marking element is detected by the 3D sensor in every possible position of the elevator car, ie over the entire travel range of the elevator car.
- the evaluation unit is configured to determine those sensor cells which detect the marking element. The determination can be made in many different ways.
- the evaluation unit can, for example, recognize a characteristic distance pattern of the marking element.
- the marking element actively emits electromagnetic radiation, which is detected by the sensor cells can. By evaluating the intensity of the detected radiation, the evaluation unit can determine the sensor cells detecting the marking element.
- the evaluation unit is also configured to determine the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft based on the determined distances from the detected object of these sensor cells and/or sensor cells which are arranged in an area adjacent to the named sensor cells. It is possible that only one sensor cell detects the marking element. In this case, the evaluation unit can determine the position of the elevator car, for example based on the determined distance of this sensor cell from the detected object. It is also possible for the evaluation unit to evaluate the measurement data of one or more sensor cells adjacent to the named sensor cell. In this case, the position of the elevator car can be determined, for example, based on a mean value of the determined distances of these sensor cells from the detected object. It is also possible for several sensor cells to detect the marking element.
- the evaluation unit can determine the position of the elevator car, for example based on an average of the determined distances of these sensor cells from the detected object.
- Sensor cells adjacent to the sensor cells mentioned can also be evaluated. For example, one or two rows of sensor cells, which border on the sensor cells detecting the marking element, can be evaluated in all directions. It is also possible that it is not the sensor cells that directly detect the marking element that are evaluated, but instead sensor cells that are at a small distance from the sensor cells that detect the marking element. These sensor cells are also arranged in a region adjoining the sensor cells detecting the marking element. Said area does not necessarily have to be directly adjacent to the sensor cells detecting the marking element.
- the marking element is arranged and has a spatial extension such that a characteristic distance pattern results in relation to the 3D sensor.
- the evaluation unit is then configured to determine the sensor cells detecting the marking element on the basis of the said distance pattern of the marking element.
- the marking element can thus be designed in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
- the marking element can be designed, for example, as a geometric body in the form of a cylinder with a known height, with the axis of rotation of the cylinder being aligned in particular in the direction of the 3D sensor.
- Said characteristic distance pattern is implemented in such a way that a circular surface has a distance that is less than its immediate surroundings by the known height of the cylinder.
- Such a distance pattern can easily be recognized by the evaluation unit using known pattern recognition methods. In this case, all of the sensor cells located within the aforementioned circular area would be those that detect the marking element.
- the marking element has an LED, in particular an infrared LED.
- the marking element can also have more than one LED. Since LEDs are available on the market at very low cost, the marking element can therefore be implemented at particularly low cost.
- TOF camera transmitters emit infrared light as electromagnetic radiation. For this reason, an infrared LED, ie an LED emitting infrared light, can be used particularly advantageously. However, it is also possible to use LEDs which emit visible light.
- a reflector for reflecting the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter in the direction of the 3D sensor is arranged around the marking element or adjacent to the marking element.
- a reflector reflects a particularly large amount of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter of the TOF camera. This allows the distance between the sensor cells of the 3D sensor and the reflector to be determined very precisely and reliably.
- the reflector can, for example, have a square cross-section and the marking element can be arranged in the center of the cross-section.
- the reflector can also have a circular or rectangular cross section, for example, and the marking element can be arranged centrally in said cross section. It is also possible that the marking element is attached to a known Page adjacent to the reflector and the evaluation unit is configured to determine the position of the elevator car based on the determined distances to the detected object of sensor cells which detect the reflector.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an elevator installation with a system for determining the position of an elevator car that is movably arranged in an elevator shaft
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a 3D sensor with 36 sensor cells
- FIG. 3 shows a marking element according to an alternative exemplary embodiment.
- an elevator installation 10 has an elevator shaft 12 aligned in the vertical direction.
- An elevator car 14 is arranged inside the elevator shaft 12 and is connected in a known manner to a counterweight 18 via a suspension element 16 in the form of a flexible belt or a cable.
- the suspension element 16 runs over a drive pulley 20, which can be driven by a drive machine (not shown).
- the elevator car 14 can be moved up and down in the elevator shaft 12 by means of the drive machine and the suspension element 16 .
- a 3D camera in the form of a TOF camera 24 is arranged immovably on a shaft ceiling 22 of the elevator shaft 12 .
- the TOF camera 24 has a Transmitter 25 for emitting electromagnetic radiation and via a 3D sensor in the form of a PMD sensor 26.
- the PMD sensor 26 is shown very schematically in FIG. 2; it has a total of 36 sensor cells 28, which are arranged in 6 columns a-f and 6 rows 1-6.
- the PMD sensor 26 is configured to determine for each sensor cell 28 a propagation time of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter 25 and reflected by an object detected by the PMD sensor 26 and to transmit it to an evaluation unit 30 via a communication link.
- the evaluation unit 30 is configured to determine the distance of each sensor cell 28 from a part of the object detected by the PMD sensor 26 detected by this sensor cell on the basis of the transit times mentioned.
- the PMD sensor prefferably transmit measurement data to the evaluation unit and for the evaluation unit to determine the transit times mentioned and thus the distances mentioned.
- the evaluation unit can also be part of the TOF camera.
- a reflector 34 with a square diameter is arranged on a car ceiling 32 of the elevator car 14 .
- the reflector 34 is arranged in such a way that it reflects electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter 25 of the TOF camera 24 to the TOF camera 24 and thus to the PMD sensor 26 .
- a marking element in the form of an infrared LED 36 is arranged in the center of the reflector 34 .
- the infrared LED 36 actively emits electromagnetic radiation with a similar wavelength as the transmitter 25 of the TOF camera 24 .
- the TOF camera 24 and thus also the PMD sensor 26 are arranged and aligned in an installation phase such that the PMD sensor 26 detects the infrared LED 36 and at least an area around the infrared LED 36 as an object. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the infrared LED 36 is detected by the PMD sensor 26 at every possible position of the elevator car 14 in the elevator shaft 12, ie over the entire travel range of the elevator car 14.
- the TOF camera 24 and thus the PMD sensor 26 detects at least part of the car roof 32 as an object which the reflector 34 and the infrared LED 36 are arranged. Based on the propagation time of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter 25 and reflected by the detected object, the evaluation unit 30 determines for each sensor cell 28 the distance to the part of the object detected by this sensor cell 28 of the object detected by the PMD sensor 26 .
- the sensor cells 28 of the PMD sensor 26 can also determine a so-called gray value from the intensity of the detected electromagnetic radiation.
- the mentioned intensity is particularly high in the case of the sensor cells detecting the infrared LED 34, so that these sensor cells output a particularly high gray value.
- the gray value can thus be referred to as an intensity parameter characterizing the amount of electromagnetic radiation detected by a sensor cell.
- the PMD sensor 26 transmits the specified gray value and the determined distance to the detected object to the evaluation unit 30.
- the evaluation unit 30 is configured to determine the sensor cells 28 detecting the infrared LED 36 in a first step. For this purpose, the evaluation unit 30 selects the sensor cells 28 with a particularly high gray value. In the example shown in FIG. 2, these are the sensor cells c3, c4, d3 and d4 marked with a cross (the letter indicates the column and the number indicates the row of the corresponding sensor cell in the matrix arrangement of the sensor cells 28).
- the evaluation unit 30 determines the mean value of the distances of the sensor cells c3, c4, d3 and d4 that are adjacent to the sensor cells c3, c4, d3 and d4 that detect the infrared LED 36 and are marked with a dot. d2, e2, b3, b4, b5, c5, d5, e5, e4, e3.
- d2, e2, b3, b4, b5, c5, d5, e5, e4, e3 all detect the reflector 34 arranged around the infrared LED 36, which enables a particularly precise determination of the position.
- the position of the elevator car 14 is then determined from the said mean value of the distances, the known position of the PMD sensor 26 in the elevator shaft 12 and the known position of the infrared LED 36 or the reflector 34 on the elevator car 14 .
- the evaluation unit 30 transmits the position of the elevator car 14 to an elevator control 38, which, for example, for controlling the prime mover used.
- a system 40 for determining the position of the elevator car 14 of the elevator installation 10 that is movably arranged in the elevator shaft 12 has a 3D sensor in the form of the PMD sensor 26, the evaluation unit 30 that is in communication with the PMD sensor 26, and a marking element in the form of the infrared LED 36.
- the evaluation unit can also determine the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft on the basis of the sensor cells c3, c4, d3 and d4 detecting the infrared LEDs. It is also possible for a small distance of, for example, one sensor cell to be left between the sensor cells c3, c4, d3, d4 detecting the infrared LED and the sensor cell used to determine the position of the elevator car, and the evaluation unit to use it to determine the position of the elevator car sensor cells al-fl, f2-f5, a6-f6 and a2-a5 arranged at the very edge of the PMD sensor 26.
- the reflector can serve as a marking element.
- the evaluation unit can then also determine the sensor cells detecting the marking element using the gray value described above, since the reflector reflects a particularly large amount of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter back to the PMD sensor.
- the marking element can also be embodied as a cylinder 136 with a known height, with the axis of rotation 142 of the cylinder 136 being aligned in the direction of the PMD sensor, which is not shown in FIG.
- the marking element in the form of the cylinder 136 does not emit any electromagnetic radiation.
- the cylindrical design of the marking element results in a characteristic distance pattern for the marking element in the form of a circular area when detected by the PMD sensor, which is at a lower distance from the PMD sensor than its immediate surroundings by the known height of the cylinder 136.
- Such a distance pattern can easily be recognized by the evaluation unit using known pattern recognition methods. In this case, all of the sensor cells located within the aforementioned circular area would be those that detect the marking element.
- the TOF camera prefferably be arranged on a shaft floor and for the marking element to be arranged on a car floor of the elevator car. It is also possible for the TOF camera to be arranged on the elevator car and the marking element to be immovable in the elevator shaft.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21211347 | 2021-11-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/080791 WO2023099110A1 (de) | 2021-11-30 | 2022-11-04 | System und verfahren zur bestimmung der position einer in einem aufzugschacht verfahrbar angeordneten aufzugkabine einer aufzuganlage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4440973A1 true EP4440973A1 (de) | 2024-10-09 |
| EP4440973B1 EP4440973B1 (de) | 2026-01-28 |
Family
ID=78820063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22813255.1A Active EP4440973B1 (de) | 2021-11-30 | 2022-11-04 | Aufzuganlage und verfahren zur bestimmung der position einer in einem aufzugschacht verfahrbar angeordneten aufzugkabine der aufzuganlage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250019204A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4440973B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118339101A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023099110A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025114082A1 (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2025-06-05 | Inventio Ag | Elevator safety system and method for testing an elevator car braking |
| WO2025125214A1 (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2025-06-19 | Inventio Ag | A method for teaching elevator car landing positions to an elevator control system and an elevator control system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1233543C (zh) | 2001-05-31 | 2005-12-28 | 因温特奥股份公司 | 利用代码载体测定被导轨导向的电梯轿厢位置的装置 |
| JP2007145475A (ja) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd | エレベーターの制御装置 |
| EP2743724B1 (de) | 2012-12-12 | 2015-09-23 | Espros Photonics AG | TOF Entfernungssensor sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb |
| CN117185080A (zh) | 2016-05-04 | 2023-12-08 | 通力股份公司 | 用于增强电梯定位的系统和方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-11-04 CN CN202280078898.7A patent/CN118339101A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-04 EP EP22813255.1A patent/EP4440973B1/de active Active
- 2022-11-04 US US18/712,737 patent/US20250019204A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-04 WO PCT/EP2022/080791 patent/WO2023099110A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4440973B1 (de) | 2026-01-28 |
| CN118339101A (zh) | 2024-07-12 |
| WO2023099110A1 (de) | 2023-06-08 |
| US20250019204A1 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
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