EP4420194B1 - Aktive antenne, insbesondere für den weltraumtechnikbereich - Google Patents

Aktive antenne, insbesondere für den weltraumtechnikbereich Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4420194B1
EP4420194B1 EP22835039.3A EP22835039A EP4420194B1 EP 4420194 B1 EP4420194 B1 EP 4420194B1 EP 22835039 A EP22835039 A EP 22835039A EP 4420194 B1 EP4420194 B1 EP 4420194B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
active
row
assembly
modules
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22835039.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4420194A1 (de
EP4420194C0 (de
Inventor
Coraline SIMON
Martin Kirsch
Klaus Schieber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tesat Spacecom GmbH and Co KG
Airbus Defence and Space SAS
Original Assignee
Tesat Spacecom GmbH and Co KG
Airbus Defence and Space SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tesat Spacecom GmbH and Co KG, Airbus Defence and Space SAS filed Critical Tesat Spacecom GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4420194A1 publication Critical patent/EP4420194A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4420194B1 publication Critical patent/EP4420194B1/de
Publication of EP4420194C0 publication Critical patent/EP4420194C0/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/02—Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of active antennas. It applies more particularly, although not limited to, radars and communication systems.
  • the invention is preferably intended for application in the space field.
  • An active antenna consists of radiating elements connected to active modules for transmitting and/or receiving radiofrequency waves.
  • the need for compactness is particularly linked to radiofrequency specifications that dictate the spacing between two radiating emission openings.
  • LEO satellite an acronym for "Low Earth Orbit” or low Earth orbit satellite
  • GEO an acronym for "Geostationary Earth Orbit” or geostationary Earth orbit satellite
  • An existing solution consists of arranging the radiating elements on a shaped, non-planar surface.
  • An example is described in the patent application EP 2 654 121 where the shaped surface is a truncated cone surface and the radiating elements are placed on several generators.
  • the active antenna must necessarily include a thermal control system, capable of maintaining the active modules at an appropriate temperature.
  • the documents FR 2 881 885 And FR 2 751 473 describe examples of active antennas comprising rows of active modules arranged between beams, the beams being crossed by a cooling system allowing the cooling of the active modules.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the beam of an assembly has a beveled profile cooperating with profiles of the first and second rows of active modules of said assembly to press them against the plate.
  • beveled profile it is meant that the beam has, in cross-section, a truncated cone shape, with its small base on the plate side.
  • the first row of active modules is fixedly assembled to the beam.
  • Each active module comprises at least one solid-state power amplifier, preferably a plurality of solid-state power amplifiers.
  • the invention further meets the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operative combinations.
  • the active antenna comprises a plurality of assemblies arranged against each other, the second row of active modules of one assembly being attached to the first row of active modules of an adjoining assembly.
  • intermediate strips are arranged between second rows of active modules of one of the sets and first rows of active modules of an adjoining set.
  • the number of active modules per row of an assembly increases from one edge of the antenna plate to a center of the plate and then decreases from said center of the plate to an opposite edge.
  • Such an arrangement of active modules thus has an overall pattern close to a circular shape, and preferably symmetrical, which advantageously makes it possible to obtain improved radiofrequency performance.
  • each of said active modules comprises alignment members capable of cooperating with complementary alignment members arranged on the tray.
  • said beam comprises alignment elements capable of cooperating with complementary alignment elements arranged on the plate.
  • An active antenna according to the invention is advantageously compact and allows, thanks to the close openings on the plate, a dense assembly of active modules, therefore of SSPA amplifiers.
  • Such an active antenna is capable of withstanding significant vibration loads. It also proposes the installation of a heat pipe in contact with each of the modules allowing effective thermal regulation of the active modules despite their compactness.
  • the invention further meets the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operative combinations.
  • the method comprises applying a determined pressure to each active module against the plate, then releasing it after assembling each active module to the beam or to an opposing active module.
  • the assembly method comprises tilting the first row of active modules of the second set when inserting said active modules between the second row of active modules of the first set already in place and the beam.
  • Such an assembly method allows a very dense assembly of active modules, despite limited access to each active module.
  • the assembly of the assembly to the plate as proposed makes it possible to withstand significant vibration loads.
  • An active antenna produced in this way can therefore be suitable for application in the space sector.
  • Such a process allows the second assembly to be assembled to both the beam and the first assembly.
  • the present invention relates to an active antenna.
  • the invention is described in the particular context of one of its preferred fields of application in which the active antenna is intended to be embarked in a space vehicle, such as a satellite, and intended to transmit and/or receive radiofrequency signals (RF signals), such as radar signals.
  • RF signals radiofrequency signals
  • An active antenna 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in figures 1 to 9 .
  • the active antenna 100 comprises a passive portion 200, an active portion 400 and a plate 300 forming an interface between said passive portion and said active portion.
  • the passive portion 200 may conventionally comprise in particular waveguides, polarizers and radiating openings (not shown in the figures).
  • the passive portion 200 has one end, called the first end 201, located on the side of the plate 300.
  • the passive portion 200 has another end, called the second end 202.
  • the second end 202 is opposite the first end 201.
  • the passive portion 200 comprises a body 203.
  • the first end 201 of the passive portion 200 corresponds to a first end of the body 203 and the second end 202 of the passive portion 200 corresponds to a second end of the body 203.
  • the passive portion 200 extends into the plate on which the active portion 400 is arranged, as illustrated in the figures 1 to 3 .
  • the tray 300 is for example fixed to the passive portion 200.
  • the plate 300 thus has a face 301 intended to be opposite the active portion 400.
  • the 300 tray has a circular shape.
  • the plate 300 has a diameter greater than the largest diameter of the body 203.
  • the plate 300 has a peripheral portion 303, projecting, forming a collar thus forming a rim on which a panel (not shown in the figures) of the space vehicle can rest and be fixed there.
  • the 300 tray and the 203 body can be made in a single piece.
  • the tray 300 advantageously comprises openings 310, as illustrated in the Figure 4 . Said openings pass through at least the thickness of the plate 300 and open out through the face 301.
  • the openings 310 are preferably arranged in at least two parallel rows. Preferably, the openings 310 are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows, with an even number of rows.
  • the openings 310 arranged on each row of openings are equidistant.
  • the distance between two openings 310, for each of the rows of openings, is preferably substantially identical.
  • the active portion 400 comprises at least one active assembly for transmitting and/or receiving RF radiofrequency waves.
  • an active assembly for transmitting RF radiofrequency waves will be referred to as an assembly.
  • the active portion 400 comprises a plurality of assemblies.
  • Each assembly of the active portion 400 comprises the same constituent elements.
  • An exemplary assembly is now described.
  • a set does not have more than two rows of 410 active modules.
  • a set necessarily comprises the same number of active modules 410 in both rows.
  • Each active module 410 of the second row is intended to come substantially opposite an active module 410 of the first row.
  • Each row of active modules 410 of a set is advantageously intended to come opposite a row of openings 310 of the plate 300.
  • One set may differ from another set by the number of active modules 410.
  • the 450 beam and the 460 heat transfer duct are separate elements.
  • Each active module 410 of an assembly comprises at least one solid-state power amplifier.
  • a solid-state power amplifier will be called an SSPA (Solid State Power Amplifier).
  • each active module 410 comprises a plurality of SSPA amplifiers.
  • each active module 410 comprises four SSPA amplifiers.
  • Each active module 410 is in the form of a box 420, inside which the SSPA amplifiers are arranged.
  • the housings 420 of the active modules 410 preferably have an identical shape.
  • Each case as shown in the Figures 5 and 6 , generally has a rectangular parallelepiped geometric shape.
  • Each housing 420 is for example formed of two shells assembled together.
  • Each housing 420 comprises a first face 421 and a second face 422, opposite the first face 421, two longitudinal edges 423 and two lateral edges 425, 426.
  • these boxes are not fixed to the plate directly by screws inserted perpendicularly into the plate. Indeed, such an arrangement of screws for fixing the modules would result in a significant limitation in terms of compactness.
  • the boxes are advantageously fixed, in the active antenna according to the invention, by means of screws arranged parallel to the plane of the plate.
  • the active modules 410 are thus positioned perpendicularly to the plate 300, assembled laterally to each other on each row.
  • Such an arrangement of the active modules 410 on the tray 300 makes it possible to reduce their size on said tray 300, making it possible to increase the number of active modules 410 to be positioned on said tray 300.
  • Each active module 410 comprises at least one radio frequency output interface 427, one RF output interface 427 per SSPA amplifier.
  • an active module 410 comprises four SSPA amplifiers
  • said active module 410 comprises four RF output interfaces 427, as illustrated in the Figure 6 .
  • the RF output interfaces 427 are arranged at the first side edge 425 of the housing, and are regularly distributed over said first side edge.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the active module 410 are in the form of waveguides.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of an active module 410 are arranged so that, when said active module 410 is in position on the plate 300, each RF output interface 427 is intended to come respectively opposite an opening 310 of a row of openings 310 of the plate 300.
  • Each active module 410 further comprises a seal disposed around each RF output interface 427. This seal will be pressurized before the active module is finally fixed to the plate, after which the mounting pressure is removed.
  • a press is for example used to apply a specific nominal pressure to the seal. The invention advantageously makes it possible to precisely adjust the pressure applied to the seals, in the final assembly.
  • the active module 410 comprises four RF output interfaces 427
  • said active module 410 comprises four seals.
  • Each seal of an active module 410 is arranged around an RF output interface 427 such that, when the active module 410 is in position on the tray 300, said seal is arranged around an opening 310 of a row of openings 310 of the tray 300.
  • Each active module 410 comprises at least one radio frequency input interface 428, one RF input interface per SSPA amplifier.
  • an active module 410 comprises four SSPA amplifiers
  • said active module 410 comprises four RF input interfaces 428, as illustrated in the Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the RF input interfaces 428 are arranged at a second side edge 426 of the housing 420 and are regularly distributed over said second side edge.
  • the RF input interfaces 428 are in the form of coaxial outputs.
  • the active modules 410 may comprise alignment members 432, as illustrated in the Figure 6 , intended to cooperate with complementary alignment members 320 arranged on the plate 300, at the level of the face 301, as illustrated in the Figure 4
  • the alignment members 432 of an active module 410 are preferably arranged at the level of the first lateral edge 425 of the housing 420 of said active module 410.
  • the alignment members 432 of the active modules 410 are alignment pins and the complementary alignment members 432 320 on the plate 300 are receiving pins. Conversely, and without departing from the scope of the invention, the alignment members 432 of the active modules 410 may be receiving pins and the complementary alignment members 320 on the plate 300 are alignment pins.
  • each active module 410 of an assembly comprises first orifices 433 for receiving fixing elements, called first fixing elements 510.
  • first fixing elements 510 are intended to assemble two modules facing each other of the same assembly.
  • the first orifices 433 pass through the thickness of the housing 420 of the active module 410.
  • the first fasteners 510 are reversible fasteners, i.e., they can be installed and removed as needed.
  • the first fastening elements 510 are clamping screws and the first holes 433 of the active module 410 are threaded, forming nuts for the clamping screws.
  • each active module 410 has four first orifices 433.
  • each active module 410 of an assembly comprises second orifices 434 for receiving fixing elements, called second fixing elements 520.
  • second fixing elements 520 are intended to assemble an active module 410 to the beam 450 of said assembly, as will be described later.
  • the second orifices 434 pass through the thickness of the housing 420 of the active module 410, and are arranged on the side of the first lateral edge 425.
  • the second fastening elements 520 are reversible fastening elements.
  • the second fastening elements 520 are clamping screws and the second holes 434 of the active module 410 are threaded, forming nuts for the clamping screws.
  • each active module 410 has two second orifices 434.
  • Beam 450
  • the beam 450 of an assembly is advantageously a longitudinal beam 450, intended to be arranged between two rows of openings 310 of said plate 300 and to be held tight between the first row of active modules 410 and the second row of active modules 410.
  • the beam 450 may comprise alignment elements (not shown in the figures) intended to cooperate with complementary alignment elements 330 arranged on the plate 300.
  • the complementary alignment elements 330 arranged on the plate 300 are arranged between two rows of openings 310 of said plate 300 intended to receive two rows of active modules 410 of an assembly, as illustrated in the Figure 4 .
  • the alignment elements of the beam 450 are alignment pins and the complementary alignment elements 330 on the plate 300 are receiving pins.
  • the alignment elements of the beam 450 may be receiving pins and the complementary alignment elements 330 on the board 300 are alignment pins.
  • the beam 450 comprises first orifices 451 for receiving fixing elements, called third fixing elements 530.
  • These third fixing elements 530 are intended to assemble the beam 450 to the plate 300.
  • the first orifices 451 of the beam 450 are through.
  • the plate 300 also comprises first orifices 340 for receiving the third fixing elements 530.
  • the first orifices 340 of the plate 300 extend into the thickness of the plate 300, from the face 301 of said plate 300.
  • the first orifices 340 of the plate 300 are preferably not through the thickness of the plate 300.
  • the first orifices 340 of the plate 300 are arranged on the plate 300 such that, when the beam 450 is in position on the plate 300, said first orifices 340 of the plate 300 are opposite the first orifices of the beam 450.
  • the third fastening elements 530 are reversible fastening elements.
  • the third fastening elements 530 are clamping screws and the first holes 451, 340 of the beam 450 and of the plate 300 are threaded, forming nuts for said clamping screws.
  • the beam 450 comprises second orifices 452 for receiving the second fixing elements 520.
  • the second fixing elements 520 are intended to assemble the beam 450 to an active module 410.
  • the second orifices 452 of the beam 450 are through.
  • the second orifices 452 of the beam 450 are arranged in the beam 450 such that, when the beam 450 and an active module 410 of the first row are in position on the plate 300, said second orifices of the beam 450 are opposite the second orifices 434 of said active module.
  • the second fastening elements 520 are clamping screws and the second holes 434 of the active module 410 and the beam 450 are threaded, forming nuts for the clamping screws.
  • the 450 beam has a beveled profile. More specifically, the 450 beam has a trapezoidal cross-section, as illustrated in the Figure 7 . There trapezoidal section of the beam notably presents a plane of symmetry passing through the middle of the trapezoid.
  • the beam 450 is intended to be positioned on the plate 300 such that its small base 453 is arranged facing the plate 300. In other words, when the beam 450 is in position on the plate 300, the beam 450 gradually tapers towards the plate 300.
  • each active module 410 may have, over its entire width, a recess 429 for receiving a portion of the beam 450.
  • Said recess has a shape complementary to a portion of the cross-section of the beam 450, preferably half of the cross-section of the beam 450. In the clamped position, a clearance is left between the beam and the active modules 410, on the face of the beam opposite the plate. This provides good contact at the inclined planes of the beam, which guarantees good mechanical strength.
  • Such a recess 429 is made in the housing 420 of the active modules 410, at the level of the first face 421, and extends from the first lateral edge 425.
  • two active modules 410 of a set are positioned opposite each other on the plate 300, they substantially surround the beam 450.
  • the first faces of the housings 420 of said active modules are very close together.
  • Such an arrangement of the active modules 410 on the tray 300 makes it possible to reduce their size on said tray, making it possible to increase the number of rows of active modules 410 on the tray 300.
  • Such an active antenna is compact and advantageously allows, thanks to the close openings on the plate, a dense assembly of active modules, therefore of SSPA amplifiers.
  • the arrangement of the heat transfer duct between the two rows of active modules allows effective thermal regulation of the active modules despite their compactness.
  • the assembly further comprises a heat transfer duct 460 intended to evacuate the heat coming from the active modules 410.
  • the heat transfer pipe 460 is for example of the capillary heat pipe type.
  • the heat transfer conduit 460 comprises, for example, as illustrated Figure 7 , at least one elongated tube 461, hollow, and two longitudinal support plates 462, parallel to each other and arranged, opposite the at least one elongated tube 461, in a diagonally opposite manner.
  • the capillary heat pipe comprises two parallel elongated tubes 461 arranged between the two longitudinal support plates 462.
  • the heat transfer duct 460 is arranged to be advantageously in contact with both all of the active modules 410 of the first row and all of the modules of the second row of the assembly.
  • the heat transfer duct 460 is arranged so that one of the two longitudinal support plates 462 is in contact with all of the active modules 410 of the first row and the other longitudinal support plate 462 is in contact with all of the active modules 410 of the second row.
  • the heat transfer duct 460 preferably projects on either side of the first and second rows of active modules 410.
  • a thermally conductive paste (not shown in the figures) is placed between the heat transfer duct 460 and the active modules 410 of the two rows.
  • the thermally conductive paste advantageously contributes to the passive thermal regulation of the active modules 410.
  • the thermally conductive paste may be self-hardening.
  • the thermally conductive paste is a component of the MAPSIL ® or Sigraflex ® brand.
  • each active module 410 may have, over its entire width, a groove 430 for receiving a portion of the heat transfer conduit 460.
  • the groove 430 has a shape complementary, to within a clearance, to a portion of the cross-section of the heat transfer conduit 460, preferably to half of the cross-section of the heat transfer conduit 460.
  • Such a groove 430 is made in the housing 420 of the active modules 410, at the level of the first face 421.
  • Such an arrangement of the active modules 410 on the tray 300 makes it possible to reduce their size on said tray 300, making it possible to increase the number of rows of active modules 410 on the tray 300.
  • the active portion 400 comprises a plurality of assemblies, the assemblies being attached to each other in parallel.
  • the tray 300 comprises a plurality of rows of openings 310, the number of rows of openings 310 corresponding at least to the number of rows of the assemblies. Two rows of openings 310 of the tray 300 are spaced apart by a distance d allowing the insertion of two active modules 410 opposite each other, with a clearance close.
  • the assemblies are arranged against each other such that the second face 422 of the housings 420 of the active modules 410 of the second row of an assembly is opposite the second face 422 of the housings 420 of the active modules 410 of the first row of active modules 410 of an adjoining assembly.
  • each active module 410 comprises third orifices 452 for receiving fixing elements, called fourth fixing elements 540.
  • fourth fixing elements 540 are intended to assemble together two active modules 410 facing each other of two adjoining assemblies.
  • Said third orifices 452 pass through the thickness of the housing 420 of the active module 410.
  • the fourth fastening elements 540 are reversible fastening elements.
  • the fourth fastening elements 540 are clamping screws and the third holes 452 of the active modules 410 are threaded, forming nuts for said clamping screws.
  • an intermediate strip 600 can be inserted between the active modules 410 of the second row of a set and the active modules 410 of the first row of an adjoining set.
  • the spacer bar 600 is sized to be held by friction between the active modules 410 of the second row of a set and the active modules 410 of the first row of an adjoining set, when said active modules are positioned on the plate 300.
  • the assemblies of two rows each, can be fixed for example three by three, four by four or five by five.
  • the assembly has a sufficiently high lateral resonance frequency, without however preventing mechanical assembly.
  • an intermediate strip is added at the contact areas between them, while the active modules from one set of two rows to the other are not in contact.
  • the spacer bar can be made of rough material such as Ekagrip ® (stainless steel encrusted with micro-diamonds). This increases the coefficient of friction between the assemblies and reduces the forces in the tightening screws.
  • Ekagrip ® stainless steel encrusted with micro-diamonds
  • the active portion 400 may comprise at the end of the heat transfer conduits, other heat transfer conduits, called second heat transfer conduits 500. All of the heat transfer conduits 460 and the second heat transfer conduits 500 form a thermal control system.
  • the active modules 410 of the assemblies are positioned on the plate 300 so as to present an overall pattern close to a circular shape, and preferably symmetrical. Such a pattern advantageously makes it possible to obtain improved radiofrequency performance.
  • the active portion 400 comprises 14 sets, or 28 rows of active patterns. 132 modules are distributed over these 28 rows.
  • Each active module 410 comprises 4 SSPA amplifiers, or a total of 528 SSPA amplifiers.
  • a typical density for the tray is for example 5000 to 8000 openings / m 2 .
  • the active antenna according to the invention thus advantageously allows the assembly of a high density of SSPA amplifiers.
  • the active antenna according to the invention is thus perfectly suited for installation in a space vehicle, and in particular capable of withstanding the vibration loads inherent in the launch phase.
  • each active module 410 comprises a recess 429 and a groove 430.
  • the passive portion 200 of the active antenna is previously assembled to the plate 300, for example by screwing.
  • the first set is assembled to the board 300.
  • the first set is arranged as close as possible to an edge of the board 300.
  • the beam 450 of the first set is assembled to the plate 300.
  • the beam 450 is positioned on the plate 300 such that its alignment elements cooperate with complementary alignment elements 330 of the plate 300, thus ensuring the correct positioning of the beam 450 on the plate 300.
  • the first holes 451 of the beam 450 thus coincide with the first holes 340 of the plate 300.
  • the beam 450 is fixed to the plate 300 using the first fixing elements 510.
  • first fixing elements 510 are clamping screws
  • said clamping screws are screwed into the first threaded holes 451 of the beam 450 then the first threaded holes 340 of the plate 300, thus causing the beam 450 to be immobilized on the plate 300.
  • the active modules 410 of the first row are assembled to the beam 450.
  • a first active module 410 is positioned on the tray 300 such that its alignment members 432 cooperate with complementary alignment members 320 of the tray 300, thus ensuring the correct positioning of the first active module 410 on the tray 300.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the first active module 410 thus coincide with openings 310 of a first row of openings of the tray 300.
  • the seals of the first active module 410 surround said openings of the tray 300.
  • the recess 429 of the first active module 410 cooperates with the beam 450.
  • a second active module 410 adjacent to the first active module 410, is positioned on the plate 300.
  • the second active module 410 is positioned on the plate 300 in such a way that its alignment members 432 cooperate with complementary alignment members 320 of the plate 300.
  • the second active module 410 is found attached to the first active module 410, at one of their longitudinal edges 423.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the second active module 410 thus coincide with other openings 310 of the first row of openings of the plate 300.
  • the seals of the second active module 410 surround said openings of the plate 300.
  • the recess 429 of the second active module 410 cooperates with the beam 450.
  • the active modules 410 are fixed to the beam 450.
  • a nominal pressure is first applied to the first active module 410 to compress the seals of the first active module 410.
  • This nominal pressure is applied from the second side edge 426 and towards the plate 300.
  • the nominal pressure exerted is of the order of 150 N.
  • the first active module 410 is fixed to the beam 450 using the second fixing elements 520.
  • each clamping screw passes through the beam 450 then the first active module 410.
  • Each screw is thus screwed first into the second threaded holes 452 of the beam 450 then into the second threaded holes 434 of the first active module 410, thus causing the beam 450 to be immobilized on the plate 300.
  • a nominal pressure is then applied to the second active module 410 to compress the seals of the second active module 410, in a similar manner to that applied to the first active module 410. Then the second active module 410 is fixed to the beam 450 using the second fixing elements 520, as for the first active module 410.
  • the active modules 410 are positioned one after the other then put under pressure and assembled to the beam 450 one after the other.
  • the heat transfer duct 460 is assembled to the active modules 410 of the first row.
  • the heat-conducting paste is deposited on a portion of the heat-transfer duct 460.
  • the heat-transfer duct 460 formed by at least one elongated tube 461 and two longitudinal support plates 462, the heat-conducting paste is deposited on each of the longitudinal support plates 462. Then the heat-transfer duct 460 is positioned against the active modules 410 of the first row.
  • the heat-transfer duct 460 is placed so that one of the longitudinal support plates 462 on which the heat-conducting paste is deposited is placed against the first face 421 of the housings 420 of the active modules 410 of the first row, with the paste between the longitudinal support plate 462 and the first face 421 of the housings 420 of the modules of the first row.
  • the heat transfer conduit 460 is inserted in particular into the groove 430 provided in the first face 421 of the housings 420 of the active modules 410. This step must be carried out while the paste is not completely hardened.
  • the paste When the paste begins to harden, it forms a layer of paste which adheres both to the longitudinal support plate 462 of the heat transfer duct 460 and to the active modules 410 of the first row so that the heat transfer duct 460 and the modules are secured together.
  • the layer of paste advantageously compensates for the differences in thickness between the first face 421 of the housings 420 of the active modules 410 and the longitudinal support plate 462.
  • the heat-conducting paste fills any gaps between the longitudinal support plate 462 of the heat transfer duct 460 and the active modules 410 of the first row.
  • the active modules 410 of the second row of the first set are assembled to the active modules 410 of the first row.
  • the beveled profile of the active module on the one hand and of the beam on the other hand allows, by tilting the active module of the second row of the first set, to insert it between the active module of the first row already in place and the beam.
  • a first active module 410 of the second row is positioned on the tray 300 such that its alignment members 432 cooperate with complementary alignment members 320 of the tray 300, thus ensuring the correct positioning of the first active module 410 on the tray 300.
  • the first active module 410 of the second row is positioned so that the first face 421 of its housing 420 is opposite the first face 421 of the housing 420 of the first module of the first row.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the first active module 410 of the second row thus coincide with openings 310 of a second row of openings of the tray 300.
  • the seals of the first active module 410 of the second row surround said openings of the tray 300.
  • the recess 429 of the housing 420 of the first active module 410 of the second row cooperates with the beam 450.
  • the groove 430 of the housing 420 of the first active module 410 of the second row cooperates with the heat transfer duct 460, with the heat-conducting paste between the other longitudinal support plate 462 of the heat transfer duct 460 and said groove 430.
  • the first active module 410 of the second row is attached to the first active module 410 of the first row.
  • a nominal pressure is first applied to the first active module 410 of the second row to compress the seals of said first active module 410.
  • This nominal pressure is applied from the second lateral edge 426 and in the direction of the plate 300.
  • the nominal pressure exerted is of the order of 150 N.
  • said first active module 410 of the second row is fixed to the first active module 410 of the first row by means of the first fixing elements 510.
  • first fixing elements 510 are clamping screws
  • said clamping screws are screwed first into the first threaded holes 433 of the first active module 410 of the second row and then into the first threaded holes 433 of the first active module 410 of the first row, thus causing the first active module 410 of the second row to be immobilized with the first active module 410 of the first row.
  • first fixing elements 510 When said first fixing elements 510 are in place, the nominal pressure on the first active module 410 of the second row is released. The seals of the first active module 410 are then correctly positioned around the respective openings 310 of the tray 300.
  • a second active module 410 of the second row is positioned on the plate 300.
  • Said second active module 410 is positioned on the plate 300 in such a way that its alignment members 432 cooperate with complementary alignment members 320 of the plate 300.
  • the second active module 410 is found attached to the first active module 410, at one of their longitudinal edges 423.
  • the second active module 410 of the second row is then positioned in such a way that the first face 421 of its housing 420 is opposite the first face 421 of the housing 420 of the second module of the first row.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the second active module 410 thus coincide with other openings 310 of the second row of openings of the tray 300.
  • the seals of the second active module 410 of the second row surround said openings of the tray 300.
  • the recess 429 of the second active module 410 cooperates with the beam 450.
  • the groove 430 of the housing 420 of the first active module 410 of the second row cooperates with the heat transfer duct 460, with the heat-conducting paste between the other longitudinal support plate 462 of the heat transfer duct 460 and said groove 430.
  • the second active module 410 of the second row is attached to the second active module 410 of the first row, similarly to attaching the first active module 410 of the second row to the first active module 410 of the first row (see above, the second sub-step of the fourth step).
  • the active modules 410 of the second row are positioned, pressurized and assembled one after the other.
  • the first assembly of the active portion 400 is assembled to the plate 300.
  • the beam 450 is fixedly assembled to the plate 300.
  • Each active module 410 of the first row is fixedly assembled to the beam 450.
  • the active modules 410 of the first row are not fixedly assembled together.
  • the active modules 410 of the second row are not fixedly assembled to the beam 450 but only to the active modules 410 of the first row located opposite them.
  • the active modules 410 of the second row are not fixedly assembled together.
  • the second assembly of the active portion 400 can then be assembled to the plate 300.
  • the second assembly is arranged parallel to the first assembly, adjoining it.
  • the beam 450 of the second set is assembled to the plate 300.
  • the beam 450 of the second set is fixed parallel to the beam 450 of the first set.
  • the beam 450 of the second set is assembled in a similar manner to the beam 450 of the first set (see first step).
  • the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set are assembled to the beam 450 of the second set.
  • the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set are assembled to the beam 450 of the second set in a manner similar to the assembly of the active modules 410 of the first row of the first set on the beam 450 of the first set (see second step).
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the active modules 410 of the second set thus coincide with openings 310 of a third row of openings of the tray 300.
  • the first active modules 410 of the first row of the second set are inserted between the active modules 410 of the second row of the first set and the beam 450 of the second set by tilting said first active modules of the first row of the second set to first introduce their first lateral edge 425, then by bringing said active modules of the first row of the second set perpendicular to the plate 300.
  • the spacer strip can optionally be slid between the second row of active modules of the first set and the first row of active modules of the second set so as to then fix, between them, for example by screws 540, the active modules of two successive sets.
  • a seventh step as illustrated in the figures 9 d) , the heat transfer duct 460 of the second set is assembled to the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set.
  • This seventh step is similar to the third step.
  • the active modules 410 of the second row of the second set are assembled to the active modules 410 of the first row of the first set. This eighth step is similar to the fourth step.
  • the RF output interfaces 427 of the active modules 410 of the second set thus coincide with openings 310 of a fourth row of openings of the tray 300.
  • the second assembly of the active portion 400 is assembled to the plate 300.
  • the beam 450 is fixedly assembled to the plate 300.
  • Each active module 410 of the first row is fixedly assembled to the beam 450.
  • the active modules 410 of the first row are not fixedly assembled to each other.
  • the active modules 410 of the second row are not fixedly assembled to the beam 450 but only to the active modules 410 of the first row located opposite them.
  • the active modules 410 of the second row are not fixedly assembled to each other.
  • the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set are fixedly assembled with the active modules 410 of the second row of the first set.
  • the method may comprise a step of positioning an intermediate strip 600 between the active modules 410 of the second row of the first set and the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set. This step may be carried out after the positioning of the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set but before the fixing of said active modules 410 of the first row of the second set to the active modules 410 of the second row of the first set.
  • the spacer bar 600 is interposed between the active modules 410 of the second row of the first set and the active modules 410 of the first row of the second set and is held by friction between the second faces of the housings 420 of the different active modules 410, connected together by screwing.
  • the assembly method described above applies to the assembly of several assemblies, the assemblies being able to comprise different numbers of active modules.
  • the present invention achieves the objectives it set for itself.
  • the invention proposes a compact active antenna, with reduced spacing between the active modules, therefore with a high density of SSPA amplifiers, capable of supporting significant vibration loads and allowing the installation of a heat pipe in contact with each of the modules.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Aktive Antenne (100), umfassend:
    - einen passiven Abschnitt (200) eines Antennennetzwerks, das an einem Ende (201) durch eine Platte (300) verlängert ist, in der Öffnungen (310) angebracht sind,
    - mindestens eine aktive Baugruppe zum Senden von HF-Hochfrequenzwellen, der Baugruppe, durch die Öffnungen, wobei jede Baugruppe Folgendes umfasst:
    o eine erste Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) gegenüber Öffnungen (310) der Platte (300),
    o eine zweite Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) gegenüber Öffnungen (310) der Platte (300) und verbunden mit der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen,
    o einen Träger (450), der an der Platte (300) befestigt und zwischen der ersten Reihe aktiver Module (410) und der zweiten Reihe aktiver Module (410) festgehalten wird,
    o ein Wärmeträgerrohr (460), das mit der ersten Reihe aktiver Module (410) und der zweiten Reihe aktiver Module (410) in Kontakt ist und auf beiden Seiten der ersten und zweiten Reihe aktiver Module hervorsteht,
    wobei die aktive Antenne (100) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Träger (450) einer Baugruppe ein abgeschrägtes Profil aufweist, das so eingerichtet ist, dass es mit Profilen der ersten und zweiten aktiven Modulreihe der Baugruppe zusammenarbeitet, um sie gegen die Platte (300) zu drücken.
  2. Aktive Antenne (100) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, die eine Vielzahl von gegeneinander angeordneten Baugruppen umfasst, wobei die zweite Reihe von aktiven Modulen einer Baugruppe der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen einer angrenzenden Baugruppe zugeordnet ist.
  3. Aktive Antenne (100) nach Anspruch 2, wobei Zwischenleisten (600) zwischen zweiten Reihen von aktiven Modulen einer der Baugruppen und den ersten Reihen von angrenzenden aktiven Baugruppen angeordnet sind, um Gruppen von mehreren miteinander verbundenen Baugruppen zu bilden.
  4. Aktive Antenne (100) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei die Anzahl der aktiven Module (410) pro Reihe einer Baugruppe von einer Kante (B1) der Platte (300) bis zu einer Mitte (C2) der Platte ansteigt und dann von der Mitte (C2) der Platte hin zu einer gegenüberliegenden Kante (B3) abnimmt.
  5. Montageverfahren einer aktiven Antenne (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das einen Schritt zur Montage einer Baugruppe, der ersten Baugruppe, auf der Platte (300) umfasst, wobei der Schritt Folgendes umfasst:
    - Befestigen des Trägers (450) der ersten Baugruppe an der Platte (300),
    - Zusammenbauen der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der ersten Baugruppe mit dem Träger (450),
    - Zusammenbauen des Wärmeträgerrohrs (460) der ersten Baugruppe an der ersten Reihe aktiver Module (410),
    - Zusammenbauen der zweiten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der ersten Baugruppe mit der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen.
  6. Montageverfahren einer aktiven Antenne (100) nach Anspruch 5, umfassend das Aufbringen eines bestimmten Drucks jedes aktiven Moduls gegen die Platte und anschließendes Lösen nach dem Zusammenbau jedes aktiven Moduls mit dem Träger oder einem gegenüberliegenden aktiven Modul.
  7. Montageverfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, umfassend einen Schritt der Montage einer anderen Baugruppe, der zweiten Baugruppe, die an die erste Baugruppe angrenzt, wobei der Schritt Folgendes umfasst:
    - Zusammenbauen des Trägers (450) der zweiten Baugruppe an der Platte,
    - Verbinden der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der zweiten Baugruppe mit dem Träger und der zweiten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der ersten Baugruppe,
    - Zusammenbauen des Wärmeträgerrohrs (460) der zweiten Baugruppe mit der ersten Reihe aktiver Module (410) der zweiten Baugruppe,
    - Zusammenbauen der zweiten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der zweiten Baugruppe mit der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der zweiten Baugruppe.
  8. Montageverfahren nach Anspruch 7, umfassend ein Kippen der ersten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der zweiten Baugruppe beim Einführen der besagten aktiven Module zwischen der zweiten Reihe von aktiven Modulen (410) der bereits vorhandenen ersten Baugruppe und dem Träger (450).
EP22835039.3A 2021-12-15 2022-12-14 Aktive antenne, insbesondere für den weltraumtechnikbereich Active EP4420194B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2113575A FR3130459B1 (fr) 2021-12-15 2021-12-15 Antenne active notamment pour le domaine spatial
PCT/EP2022/085823 WO2023111001A1 (fr) 2021-12-15 2022-12-14 Antenne active notamment pour le domaine spatial

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4420194A1 EP4420194A1 (de) 2024-08-28
EP4420194B1 true EP4420194B1 (de) 2025-06-11
EP4420194C0 EP4420194C0 (de) 2025-06-11

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US (1) US12316005B2 (de)
EP (1) EP4420194B1 (de)
ES (1) ES3036198T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3130459B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2023111001A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2881885A1 (fr) * 1989-02-17 2006-08-11 Thales Sa Antenne a balayage electronique a modules actifs
FR2751473B1 (fr) * 1993-02-23 1998-12-18 Thomson Csf Structure d'antenne a modules actifs
US6005531A (en) * 1998-09-23 1999-12-21 Northrop Grumman Corporation Antenna assembly including dual channel microwave transmit/receive modules
US7348932B1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-25 Raytheon Company Tile sub-array and related circuits and techniques
US8228238B2 (en) * 2009-10-02 2012-07-24 Laird Technologies, Inc. Low profile antenna assemblies
US8941540B2 (en) * 2009-11-27 2015-01-27 Bae Systems Plc Antenna array
ES2666196T3 (es) * 2010-10-01 2018-05-03 Saab Ab Sistema de montaje para módulos de emisor - receptor
US8803759B1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2014-08-12 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method of internal mechanical connection for joined phased array sections
FR2989843B1 (fr) 2012-04-20 2015-02-27 Thales Sa Reseau de formation de faisceau d'antenne a faible encombrement pour reseau antennaire circulaire ou tronc-conique
FR3029696B1 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2016-12-09 Thales Sa Antenne a balayage electronique compacte
US10320051B2 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-06-11 Intel Corporation Heat sink for 5G massive antenna array and methods of assembling same
US10367255B1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-07-30 Facebook, Inc. Collimated transverse electric mode cavity antenna assembly

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US20250070477A1 (en) 2025-02-27
US12316005B2 (en) 2025-05-27
FR3130459B1 (fr) 2024-05-31
WO2023111001A1 (fr) 2023-06-22
EP4420194A1 (de) 2024-08-28
EP4420194C0 (de) 2025-06-11
CA3240955A1 (fr) 2023-06-22
FR3130459A1 (fr) 2023-06-16
ES3036198T3 (en) 2025-09-16

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