EP4375472B1 - Door, in particular house door, and method for manufacturing a door leaf for such a door - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door, in particular a front door, with a surrounding frame as a support profile and at least one door leaf with a surrounding leaf profile, wherein the at least one door leaf has a door panel and wherein the door leaf has on its outer side an outer cover layer which is detachably fastened to the leaf profile and covers the leaf, wherein a first holding profile which is firmly connected to the outer cover layer serves to connect the leaf profile and the outer cover layer, wherein the first holding profile has at least one web, the end of which is provided with at least one widening or circumferential taper which can be locked to the leaf profile via at least one clamping element assigned to the outer cover layer, wherein the door leaf has on its inner side an inner cover layer which is detachably fastened to the leaf profile and covers the leaf, wherein a second holding profile which is firmly connected to the inner cover layer serves to connect the leaf profile and the inner cover layer, and wherein the second holding profile has at least one web, the end of which is provided with at least one widening or circumferential taper which can be locked to the leaf profile via at least one of the A clamping element associated with the inner cover layer can be locked to the leaf profile. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a door leaf for such a door.

Due to the desire for design freedom, weight reasons, and requirements regarding thermal insulation and burglary protection, doors today are very often equipped with a door panel. In contrast to conventional insert panels, which are inserted like a glass element in the glass rebate of a door leaf, the present invention relates to the "leaf-covering" installation of the door panel, in which an outer and/or inner The covering layer of the door panel completely or partially covers the visible surface of the sash frame. This creates a seamless, flush appearance on both sides of the door.

The current state of the art achieves the bond between a door panel that overlaps the leaf on both sides and the leaf profile by applying an adhesive or adhesive tape between the flush and overlapping surfaces. This bond can no longer be removed without damaging the door panel after the adhesive has cured/set.

A door with a door panel covering the leaves on both sides is from the EP 2 581 542 B1 There, the inner and outer cover layers are attached to the sash profile using an adhesive.

Front doors typically have a service life of between 25 and 50 years and often remain in the building until demolition. For this reason, there is a need for a flexible, adaptable front door in which the door panel, and especially the inner and outer covering layers, can be replaced as needed. This is not possible with a door panel that covers the entire leaf, where the covering layers are attached to the leaf profile with an adhesive.

One in the DE 20 2013 102 945 U1 The procedure described avoids the known disadvantages of attaching the outer cover layer to the leaf profile with an adhesive, as the door panel is reversibly connected to the outside of the leaf profile by means of a positive connection via rivets, pins or screws. However, when installing the door panel according to DE 20 2013 102 945 U1 Problems can arise if the holes for the positive connection elements and the spring elements used in the leaf profile of the door leaf interfere with each other.

Furthermore, the EP 3 269 915 B1 A reversible process is known in which the door panel is screwed to the inner shell of the door leaf profile in a form-fitting manner. This also eliminates the disadvantages of conventional adhesive technology.

The previously mentioned state of the art, which does not require bonding of the cover layers, reveals certain disadvantages in practice. DE 20 2013 102 945 U1 as well as in the EP 3 269 915 B1 The procedure described requires a comparatively high number of connecting elements for the form-fitting connection, each of which must be pre-drilled.

Furthermore, in all cases, the positive fit between the leaf profile and the door panel prevents or at least minimizes relative movement between these two components. This negatively impacts the warping or deflection of the door leaf, caused by the bimetallic effect common in insulated aluminum doors due to a temperature difference between the inside and outside. The consequences are reduced ease of use due to stiffness of the door lock, even failure of the locking function, and increased drafts.

In addition, there is a disadvantage of the EP 3 269 915 B1 The process described adds that although the transition between the sash profile and the cover layer of the door panel is protected behind the stop of the frame, the production-related tolerance of the overall installation depth of the sash profile with connected door panel has a full impact on the outer sealing level, which in this design represents the outer motif plate, due to the screw connection being located very far inwards in relation to the overall installation depth of the sash profile, which is generally not desired. If the installation depth is too shallow, this can lead to leaks. If the installation depth is too deep, however, this can lead to reduced operating comfort due to increased closing forces or even exceeding the permissible closing forces.

In order to achieve reduced assembly effort and optimized warpage prevention, DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 A door with a leaf-covering, outer cover layer is proposed, in which the outer cover layer is locked into a clamping element arranged on the leaf profile by means of a retaining profile, which is firmly connected to the outer cover layer. The outer cover layer is fixed in its locked position on the leaf profile by a positive locking of the retaining profile and an insulating bar attached to the leaf profile by means of a circumferential locking element. DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 The door disclosed has an insert filling on its inside, which is inserted like a glass element in the glass rebate of the door leaf.

The DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 The proposed attachment of the outer cover layer covering the leaf to the leaf profile cannot be transferred to the inside of the door without further ado, or only with certain disadvantages. The installation space required for the grooves to accommodate the clamping elements for creating a detachable attachment of the cover layer to the leaf profile, due to the expansion towards the outer cover layer, violates the area in the inner chamber of the leaf profile inner shell usually reserved for the corner connector or the door lock. When providing a DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 Instead of the groove on the sash profile for attaching an inner cover layer, a stepped corner connector would have to be provided that is adapted to the reduced installation space. This would not only increase manufacturing costs but also reduce the load-bearing capacity of the corner connector due to the reduced cross-section of the corner connector. Redesigning the door lock to reduce space requirements would result in significantly more complex and time-consuming profile machining of the door lock.

In order to avoid the need to glue a front door panel covering the sash on both sides to the sash frame, EP 2 754 836 B1 proposed to replace the usual adhesive bonding with a mechanical clip connection. The clip connection comprises a of the sash frame and a profile rail arranged on the inside of the door panel facing the sash frame, which can be clipped onto the mushroom-shaped clip body. EP 2 754 836 B1 The door shown here is designed with a recessed surface on both the inside and outside. This results in a limited watertightness on the outside, and therefore there is no need for sealing measures. EP 2 754 836 B1 The proposed connection between the front door panel and the leaf frame is not suitable for a flush-fitting door on the inside due to its large construction depth. In the case of a flush-fitting door, the DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 described problem arise.

When applying the DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 The proposed attachment of the leaf-covering, outer cover layer on the leaf profile to a leaf-covering, inner cover layer would also cause problems when using commercially available screw-on door hinges. These usually involve direct screwing with self-tapping fastening screws. When attaching a commercially available screw-on door hinge to a leaf-covering door panel, such as inward-opening doors with door panels that overlap the leaf on both sides, it must be ensured that a flat contact surface is present in the area of each screw connection in order to prevent deformation of the cover layer of the door panel due to the high tightening torque of the fastening screws. Simply transferring the aforementioned attachment of the outer cover layer to the inside would rule out a flat contact surface in the area of the door hinge screw connections. Alternatively, a pressure-resistant shim could be used under the cover layer of the door panel at each screw connection position, which would, however, entail increased manufacturing costs. The same problem arises with the EP 2 754 836 B1 proposed fastening of the door panel to the sash frame.

Furthermore, the application of the provisions in the DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 The proposed attachment of the leaf-covering, outer cover layer on the leaf profile to a leaf-covering, inner cover layer will cause problems with the sealing of the door on the inside, since if a DE 10 2020 131 834 A1 known groove on the sash profile for attaching an inner cover layer would no longer provide enough space for an inner stop seal.

DE 83 16 155 U1 also describes a door according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing the known door in such a way that an inner, leaf-covering covering layer can also be detachably attached to the leaf profile, without, however, having to accept the disadvantages mentioned above. Furthermore, a method is to be provided by which such a door can be manufactured.

This object is initially achieved for a door with the preamble of claim 1 in that the sash profile has a holding element having a receiving groove at its end facing away from the frame and that the at least one clamping element assigned to the inner cover layer is arranged in the receiving groove.

The position of the second retaining profile and the position of the attachment of the clamping element to the leaf profile are shifted so far into the area of the glass rebate of the door leaf compared to the attachment of the outer cover layer that the receiving groove for the clamping element, which takes up the greatest installation space towards the outside of the door, no longer protrudes into the area reserved for the corner connector or the door lock and the inner seal receptacle in the inner chamber of the leaf profile.

This is accompanied by a significant reduction in assembly effort, as the same bonding process is used for both the inside and outside of the door can be used. Furthermore, a door according to the invention can be manufactured comparatively quickly, as there is no need to wait for the adhesive to harden. Furthermore, the use of identical components on the inside and outside of the door reduces assembly complexity and provides purchasing advantages. Furthermore, a door according to the invention enables reversible and thus non-destructive disassembly of both the inner and outer cover layers.

Advantageously, the sash profile is formed integrally with the retaining element. In this case, no additional assembly step is required to attach the retaining element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer cover layer is fixed in its locked position on the door leaf by a positive locking mechanism from the first retaining profile using at least one circumferential locking element. This results in a significant reduction in the assembly effort for the outer cover layer, as the numerous holes required for the individual connecting elements can be omitted. Sufficient lateral play in the retaining element holder relative to the retaining profile, which is attached to the inside of the outer cover layer of the door panel, enables a floating mounting of the door panel. This positively supports the warp-resistant properties of the door leaf.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping elements associated with the outer cover layer are attached to an insulating bar arranged on the sash profile, for example, clamped in a groove provided for this purpose in the insulating bar. In this case, an insulating bar is arranged between the sash profile and the outer cover layer.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the insulating bar is inserted into the sash profile on its side facing the outer covering layer. For this purpose, the The sash profile has at least two grooves on its side facing the outer cover layer and the insulating web has at least two corresponding webs.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one circumferential securing element and the insulating web, as well as the at least one circumferential securing element and the first retaining profile, engage with each other. The at least one circumferential securing element is thus positively connected to both the first retaining profile and the insulating web.

The securing elements can be manufactured in a wide variety of designs.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one securing element is designed as a clip-on profile, which is inserted from the outside into corresponding grooves in the first retaining profile and, if applicable, in the insulating strip. For a circumferential securing arrangement, four individual clip-on profiles are generally required, which, like the sash profiles and insulating strips, are mitered at their ends.

An alternative preferred embodiment provides that the at least one securing element is designed as a securing profile, which is pivoted or pressed from the outside into a corresponding cavity in the first retaining profile and, if applicable, in the insulating bar. Here, too, several securing profiles are necessary to ensure the circumferential fixation of the first retaining profile and, if applicable, the insulating bar.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the at least one securing element is designed as a securing clip, which is pivotably arranged on the insulating bar. The securing clip is also designed as a (circumferential) strip, which according to a further preferred teaching can also be formed integrally with the insulating bar. In such an embodiment, the The safety clip strip is connected to the insulating bar, for example, via a film hinge.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one clamping element assigned to the outer cover layer and/or the at least one clamping element assigned to the inner cover layer is a retaining clip designed as a spring element. It is particularly expedient to provide a sufficient number of retaining clips distributed over the entire length of the first and second retaining profiles to achieve the necessary frictional connection.

Particularly preferably, the first retaining profile is glued to the outer cover layer and/or the second retaining profile is glued to the inner cover layer. Either a suitable adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape can be used for this purpose.

According to a preferred teaching of the invention, the first and/or second retaining profile is designed as a retaining profile that runs around the outer region of the outer or inner cover layer. In this way, the connection between the leaf profile and the outer or inner cover layer is achieved very evenly in the frame-like outer region of the door leaf.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the sash profile has a support surface at its end facing the inner cover layer, wherein a sealing strip is particularly preferably arranged between the support surface and the inner cover layer, which sealing strip is in particular designed to be circumferential. The sealing strip can compensate for tolerance-related differences, seals and, due to its damping properties, can prevent the inner cover layer from rattling. With a corresponding embodiment of the invention, the frame and the door leaf can be particularly well connected to one another via at least one screw-on door hinge, in particular at least two screw-on door hinges. The at least one screw-on door hinge has a and a hinge flap assigned to the door leaf, wherein the hinge flap assigned to the door leaf is preferably fastened to the door leaf via a fastening means running through the support surface of the leaf profile, in particular via a fastening screw running through the support surface of the leaf profile.

By arranging the retaining element at the end of the sash profile facing away from the frame, a flat support surface can be created at the screw connection position of the screw-on door hinges. Using a sealing strip of the appropriate thickness and width minimizes the risk of deformation of the inner cover layer when screwing the hinge flap. Due to its necessary adhesion, the sealing strip, which is preferably used all the way around, ensures additional positioning of the inner cover layer on the sash profile opposite the position where the outer cover layer is attached to the sash profile via the first retaining profile.

According to a preferred teaching of the invention, the door panel comprises an outer insulating core half fastened to the outer cover layer and an inner insulating core half fastened to the inner cover layer, wherein the insulating core halves are substantially cuboid-shaped and wherein an end of the inner insulating core half associated with the sash profile protrudes by an offset dimension V from an end of the outer insulating core half associated with the sash profile, and wherein the offset dimension V corresponds to the extension of the holding element in the direction of the insulating core. In this way, a shoulder can be formed on a parting plane of the insulating core lying between the outer and inner insulating core halves. The shoulder can be made of different sizes by shifting the parting plane towards the outer cover layer or towards the inner cover layer. The shoulder should be designed such that the holding element can be arranged on the shoulder and a gap is formed between the holding element and the insulating core.

Advantageously, the insulation core halves should be adapted to the size of the retaining element such that a gap _G1 is formed between the end of the sash profile facing away from the frame and the outer insulation core half, or between the end of the sash profile facing away from the frame and the inner insulation core half, wherein the gap _G1 has a width of ≤ 4 mm, in particular ≤ 3 mm, and particularly preferably ≤ 2 mm. With appropriate dimensioning of the insulation core halves, good thermal insulation can be achieved even without additional glazing rebate insulation.

Particularly preferably, the insulation core halves are dimensioned such that a gap _G2 is formed between the end of the outer insulation core half facing the inner cover layer and the retaining element, wherein the gap _G2 is designed to compensate for tolerances during assembly. The gap _G2 should be as narrow as possible so that it has only a minimal impact on the thermal insulation.

As an alternative to the design described above, a recess could be provided in the inner half of the insulation core in the area of the retaining element. However, this would result in an additional processing step in production and should therefore be avoided.

To ensure better warpage resistance, it is advisable to construct the outer insulation core half in two parts, with a first part made of a deformation-compensating material such as a foam and a second part made of an insulating material such as a PU foam. It is particularly advantageous if the first part made of the deformation-compensating material is arranged on the inside of the outer cover layer and functions as a warpage-inhibiting intermediate layer. This has the advantage that the linear expansion of the outer cover layer is not limited by bonding to a relatively rigid body, such as a PU foam. formed body, so that the outer covering layer remains almost straight even when it expands in length.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a strip for attaching a handle or a grab bar is arranged at the end of the sash profile facing away from the frame. This makes it possible to attach a handle or a grab bar directly to the outer cover layer. The strip is particularly preferably designed as an angle profile. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the strip is not circumferential, but only formed in sections in an area intended for the attachment of the handle or grab bar. This has a beneficial effect on the material requirements. Furthermore, with a corresponding design of the strip, a recess in the insulating core only needs to be provided in certain sections, which in turn has a positive effect on the insulating properties of the door.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the door is designed to be flush on its exterior surface with a system joint between the frame and the outer covering layer. In this case, the outer surface of the frame and the surface of the outer covering layer are flush with each other. A circumferential system joint is visible between these two elements.

Alternatively, the door can be designed with a staggered surface on its exterior, eliminating the system joint typically found between the door leaf and the frame. This offers the advantage of better concealing non-optimal or non-uniform gaps between the door leaf and the frame caused by daily use. Furthermore, the absence of a system joint, which usually also includes the transition between the actual door leaf and the cover layer of the door panel, benefits both burglary protection and watertightness, as this transition is now protected behind the outer sealing layer of the frame.

Particularly preferably, the door is designed flush on its inside with a system joint between the frame and the inner cover layer. In this case, the inner surface of the frame and the surface of the inner cover layer are flush with each other. A circumferential system joint is visible between these two elements.

As an alternative to the design described above, the door can be designed to open from the inside. This offers the same advantage as the exterior design: it can more effectively conceal non-optimal or uneven gaps between the door leaf and the frame caused by daily use.

• Einsetzen der der äußeren und der inneren Deckschicht zugeordneten Klemmelemente,
• Aufkleben des Dichtbands auf die Auflagefläche des Flügelprofils,
• Verrasten des ersten und des zweiten Halteprofils mit den jeweiligen Klemmelementen und
• Einschieben des Sicherungselementes zum Fixieren der äußeren Deckschicht in ihrer verrasteten Position.

Finally, the object is also achieved by a method for producing a door leaf for a previously described door by the following steps:

• Inserting the clamping elements assigned to the outer and inner cover layers,
• Gluing the sealing tape onto the support surface of the sash profile,
• Locking the first and second holding profiles with the respective clamping elements and
• Insert the locking element to fix the outer cover layer in its locked position.

Optionally, a sealing strip can be arranged on the securing element.

Fig. 1A

eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Tür mit einem umlaufenden Blendrahmen und einem Türflügel in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 1B

einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Blendrahmen und den Türflügel entlang der Linie IB-IB aus Fig. 1A,

Fig. 2A

eine erfindungsgemäße Tür mit einer flächenversetzten Außenseite und einer flächenbündigen Innenseite in einer der Fig. 1B entsprechenden Ansicht,

Fig. 2B

einen Horizontalschnitt der Tür aus Fig. 2A im Bereich eines Aufschraub-Türbands,

Fig. 2C

einen Horizontalschnitt der Tür aus Fig. 2A im Bereich einer Handhabe,

Fig. 2D

die Montageschritte der geklipsten Verbindung des Türflügels aus Fig. 2A mit den dazu notwendigen Einzelteilen, wieder im Horizontalschnitt,

Fig. 2E

einen Eckbereich des Türflügels aus Fig. 2D in perspektivischer Explosionszeichnung,

Fig. 2F

der Eckbereich des Türflügels aus Fig. 2E mit einer montierten Innenseite in einer der Fig. 2E entsprechenden Ansicht,

Fig. 2G

der Eckbereich des Türflügels aus Fig. 2E mit einer montierten Außenseite in einer der Fig. 2E entsprechenden Ansicht,

Fig. 3

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Tür mit einer flächenbündigen Innen- und Außenseite in einem der Fig. 2A entsprechenden Horizontalschnitt,

Fig. 4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Tür mit einer flächenversetzten Innen- und Außenseite in einem der Fig. 2A entsprechenden Horizontalschnitt und

Fig. 5

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Tür mit einer flächenbündigen Außenseite und einer flächenversetzten Innenseite in einem der Fig. 2A entsprechenden Horizontalschnitt.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to a drawing which merely illustrates preferred embodiments. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1A

a door known from the prior art with a surrounding frame and a door leaf in side view,

Fig. 1B

a horizontal section through the frame and the door leaf along the line IB-IB Fig. 1A ,

Fig. 2A

a door according to the invention with a surface-offset outer side and a flush inner side in one of the Fig. 1B corresponding view,

Fig. 2B

a horizontal section of the door Fig. 2A in the area of a screw-on door hinge,

Fig. 2C

a horizontal section of the door Fig. 2A in the area of a handle,

Fig. 2D

the assembly steps of the clipped connection of the door leaf Fig. 2A with the necessary individual parts, again in horizontal section,

Fig. 2E

a corner area of the door leaf Fig. 2D in perspective exploded view,

Fig. 2F

the corner area of the door leaf Fig. 2E with a mounted inside in one of the Fig. 2E corresponding view,

Fig. 2G

the corner area of the door leaf Fig. 2E with a mounted exterior in one of the Fig. 2E corresponding view,

Fig. 3

another embodiment of a door according to the invention with a flush inner and outer side in one of the Fig. 2A corresponding horizontal section,

Fig. 4

a further embodiment of a door according to the invention with a surface-offset inside and outside in one of the Fig. 2A corresponding horizontal section and

Fig. 5

a further embodiment of a door according to the invention with a flush outer side and a surface-offset inner side in one of the Fig. 2A corresponding horizontal section.

In Fig. 1A A door known from the prior art is shown in a side view. The door has a surrounding frame 1 as a support profile and a door leaf 2, which has a leaf-covering door panel, as explained in more detail below. A door threshold 3 can be seen below the door leaf 2.

The structure of the profiles of this well-known door is Fig. 1B , a horizontal section along the line IB-IB. In this illustration, the outside of the door is shown in Fig. 1B above and the inside of the door below.

It can be seen first of all that the outer frame 1 and the door leaf 2 are not aligned with each other on the outside, so that this leads to a surface offset, which is shown as reference symbol FV in the drawing. On the inside, the outer frame 1 and the door leaf 2 are flush, so that a system joint is formed between the outer frame 1 and the door leaf 2, which is shown as reference symbol SF in the drawing. The profile of the outer frame 1 consists of an inner shell 4 and an outer shell 5, which are connected to each other via insulating bars 6A and 6B. Insulation 7 for thermal and sound insulation is installed in the cavity located between them. On its open side (in the drawing: right-hand side), the insulation layer has a sealing strip 8, which is locked to the insulating bar 6B. The outer shell 5 has Fig. 1B right end has a stop bar 9, the end of which is a has a groove (not further specified) for receiving an outer stop seal 10.

The leaf profile of the door leaf 2 has an inner shell 11 and an outer shell 12, which are connected to each other via insulating webs 13A and 13B. Here, too, the resulting cavity is filled with insulation 14. The inner shell 11 has a rebate 15 on its side facing the frame 1, which serves to accommodate an inner stop seal 16.

The Fig. 1B The door shown has a door panel 17 that covers the leaf on both sides. This panel initially comprises an insulating core 18, an inner cover layer 19, and an outer cover layer 20. It can be clearly seen that the inner cover layer 19 and the outer cover layer 20 are designed to cover the leaf, i.e., they are larger than the insulating core 18 and thus also cover the inner shell 11 and the outer shell 12 of the leaf profile.

The inner cover layer 19 is connected to the inner shell 11 of the sash profile by means of an adhesive layer 21. The outer cover layer 20 is also connected to the outer shell 12 of the sash profile by means of an adhesive layer 22. The adhesive layers 21, 22 can be designed as an adhesive layer or as double-sided adhesive tape. A protective strip 23, which is inserted into a groove (not shown in more detail) in the outer shell 12, serves to protect the outer end of the outer cover layer 20 and prevents damage to the sensitive end of the outer cover layer 20.

Fig. 1B also shows a fitting rebate 24 between the frame 1 and the sash profile. On the open side of the insulating layer of the sash profile, a sealing strip 25 can be seen, which is attached to the insulating bar 13A. A glazing rebate 26 is also shown on the side of the sash profile opposite the fitting rebate 24. A glazing rebate insulation 27, which is attached to the insulating bar 13B, provides further insulation between the sash profile and the door panel 17.

A corner connector 28 is inserted into the inner shell 11 of the sash profile, via which the inner shells 11 of the sash profiles are connected to one another all around.

Fig. 2A now shows the inventive structure of a wing profile in the same representation as Fig. 1B While the frame 1 has not been modified, the door leaf 2 has a different structure, which is described in more detail below.

It can be clearly seen that, instead of an outer shell, in the embodiment according to the invention, a first retaining profile 29 is glued from the inside to the outer cover layer 20 by means of an adhesive layer 30. The first retaining profile 29 has, at its end facing the frame 1, a groove 29A running parallel to the outer cover layer 20. At the other end of the first retaining profile 29, a web 31 can be seen, which has a widened portion 32 at its end. Fig. 2A It is also apparent that the widened portion 32 of the web 31 serves to engage with a retaining clip 33 designed as a spring element. Between the first retaining profile 29 and the inner shell 11 of the sash profile, an insulating web 34 can be seen, which is inserted into corresponding grooves in the inner shell 11 and is thus firmly connected to it.

To fix the outer cover layer 20 in its locked position with the insulating web 34, a securing element is used, which in the embodiment according to Fig. 2A is designed as a clip profile 35, which has a clip profile web 35A, a clamping web 35B and a clip profile web 35C, wherein the upper leg of the clip profile 35 is inserted laterally into the groove 29A of the first holding profile 29, the clip profile web 35A into a corresponding groove 36 of the insulating web 34 and the clip profile web 35C into a corresponding groove 37 of the insulating web 34. A sealing strip 38 is pressed onto the clamping web 35B of the clip profile 35 and has a clamping groove 38A for this purpose.

In a door according to the invention, the inner cover layer 19 is fastened to the inner shell 11 of the leaf profile via a second retaining profile 39, the second Retaining profile 39 is glued to the inside of the inner cover layer 19 by means of an adhesive layer 40. The second retaining profile 39 is in this embodiment identical in construction to the first retaining profile 29 and also has a groove 39A running parallel to the inner cover layer 19 at its end facing the frame 1, whereby the groove 39A does not serve any function in the second retaining profile 39. At the other end of the second retaining profile 39, a web 41 can be seen, which has a widened portion 42 at its end. Fig. 2A It also emerges that the widened portion 42 of the web 41 serves to engage with a retaining clip 43 designed as a spring element. To secure the retaining clip 43 to the inner shell 11 of the sash profile, the latter has a retaining element 45 having a receiving groove 44 at its end facing away from the frame 1. The retaining clip 43 is arranged in the receiving groove 44 of the retaining element 45.

One can see in Fig. 2A It is clear that the holding element 45 is arranged in the area of the glass rebate 26. An arrangement of the second holding profile 39 at the level of the first holding profile 29 would result in the second holding profile 39 protruding into the area reserved for the corner connector 28. By shifting the second holding profile 39 in relation to the positioning of the first holding profile 29 in the direction of the glass rebate 26, the holding element 45 can be positioned such that it does not protrude into the area reserved for the corner connector 28. In addition, a support surface 46 can be created on the inner shell 11 of the sash profile. Between the support surface 46 and the inner cover layer 19, a circumferential sealing strip 47 is arranged, which enables an additional connection of the inner cover layer 19 to the inner shell 11 of the sash profile at a height corresponding to the first holding profile 29.

The door panel 17 of a door according to the invention also has, like the one in the Figures 1A and 1B The door shown has an insulating core 18. The insulating core 18 consists of an inner insulating core half 18A and an outer insulating core half 18B. The inner insulating core half 18A is connected to the inner cover layer 19 and the outer insulation core half 18B is attached to the outer cover layer 20. Both the inner insulation core half 18A and the outer insulation core half 18B are essentially cuboid-shaped. The outer insulation core half 18B is in two parts, with a first part 48 made of a deformation-compensating material, in particular a foam, and a second part 49 made of an insulating material, in particular a PU foam. The first part 48 is arranged on the inside of the outer cover layer 20 and functions as a warpage-inhibiting layer. This has the advantage that the longitudinal expansion of the outer cover layer 20 is not hindered by bonding to a relatively solid body, such as a body made of a PU foam, so that the outer cover layer 20 remains approximately straight even when expanded longitudinally.

A shoulder 50 is formed on the insulating core 18. The insulating core halves 18A, 18B are attached to one of their side surfaces on the inner and outer cover layers 19, 20, respectively. A parting plane 18C of the insulating core 18 lies between the outer and inner insulating core halves 18A, 18B. By setting an end of the inner insulating core half 18A, which is associated with the sash profile, back by an offset dimension V from an end of the outer insulating core half 18B, which is associated with the sash profile, the shoulder 50 is formed at the parting plane 18C of the insulating core 18. The offset dimension V corresponds to the extension of the retaining element 45 in the direction of the insulating core 18, so that the retaining element 45 can be arranged on the shoulder 50.

The area formed by the shoulder 50 can be reduced or enlarged by shifting the parting plane 18C toward the inner cover layer 19 or toward the outer cover layer 20. If the shoulder 50 is shifted toward the outer cover layer 20, the area provided for the holding element 45 becomes larger. If the parting plane 18C is shifted toward the inner cover layer 19, the area provided for the holding element 45 becomes smaller.

The shoulder 50 should be designed such that the retaining element 45 can be arranged on the shoulder 50 and a gap is formed between the retaining element 45 and the insulating core 18. The insulating core halves 18A, 18B are dimensioned such that a gap _G1 is formed between the end of the inner shell 11 of the sash profile facing away from the frame 1 and the outer insulating core half 18B, or between the end of the inner shell 11 of the sash profile facing away from the frame 1 and the inner insulating core half 18A. The gap _G1 has a width of ≤ 4 mm, in particular ≤ 3 mm, and particularly preferably ≤ 2 mm. Furthermore, the insulation core halves 18A, 18B are dimensioned such that a gap _G2 is formed between the end of the outer insulation core half 18B facing the inner cover layer 19 and the retaining element 45. The gap _G2 is designed to compensate for tolerances during assembly. The gap _G2 should be as narrow as possible so that it has only a minimal impact on the thermal insulation.

With appropriate dimensioning of the insulation core halves 18A, 18B, good thermal insulation can be achieved even without additional glazing rebate insulation.

The Fig. 2A The designs shown apply to the entire circumferential leaf profile of door leaf 2.

In Fig. 2B is a horizontal section of the door from Fig. 2A in the area of a screw-on door hinge 51, via which the frame 1 and the door leaf 2 are connected to one another. The screw-on door hinge 51 has a hinge flap 51A assigned to the frame 1 and a hinge flap 51B assigned to the door leaf 2. The hinge flap 51B assigned to the door leaf 2 is fastened to the door leaf 2 via a fastening screw 52 running through the support surface 46. By providing the sealing strip 47, which is designed according to a suitable thickness and width and is arranged between the inside of the inner cover layer 19 and the support surface 46, the risk of Deformation of the inner cover layer 19 is minimized when screwing the hinge flap 51B assigned to the door leaf 2.

In Fig. 2c is a horizontal section of the door from Fig. 2A in the area of a handle 53. In this area, at the end of the sash profile facing away from the frame 1, a strip for attaching the handle 53 is arranged. The strip is designed as an angle profile 54. By providing the angle profile 54, it is possible to attach the handle 53 directly to the outer cover layer 20 using a fastening screw (not shown in more detail). The angle profile 54 is not circumferential, but only formed in sections in the area provided for attaching the handle 53. This has a beneficial effect on the material requirements. Furthermore, with a corresponding design of the angle profile 54, a recess in the insulating core 18 only needs to be provided in certain sections, which in turn has a positive effect on the insulating properties of the door.

• Schritt a1: Die Halteklammern 33 werden in eine korrespondierende nicht näher bezeichnete Nut des Isolierstegs 34 eingesetzt.
• Schritt a2: Das erste Halteprofils 29 wird mit dem Flügelprofil durch Erzeugung einer kraftschlüssigen und formschlüssigen Verbindung nach dem Einschieben des Stegs 31 verrastet, wobei das verbreiterte Ende 32 ins Innere der Halteklammer 33 gepresst wird.
• Schritt a3: Hierbei wird zur Fixierung der äußeren Deckschicht 20 in ihrer mit dem Isoliersteg 34 verrrasteten Position ein Sicherungselement verwendet, welches im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2A bzw. Fig. 2B als Klipsprofil 35 ausgeführt ist, das den Klipsprofilsteg 35A, den Klemmsteg 35B und den Klipsprofilsteg 35C aufweist, wobei der obere Schenkel des Klipsprofils 35 in die Nut 29A des ersten Halteprofils 29, der Klipsprofilsteg 35A in die korrespondierende Nut 36 des Isolierstegs 34 und der Klipsprofilsteg 35C in die entsprechende Nut 37 des Isolierstegs 34 seitlich eingeschoben wird.
• Schritt a4: Auf den Klemmsteg 35B des Klipsprofils 35 wird die Dichtleiste 38 aufgepresst, welche dazu über die Klemmnut 38A verfügt.
• Schritt i1: Die Halteklammern 43 werden in die Aufnahmenut 44 des Halteelements 45 eingesetzt.
• Schritt i2: Das umlaufende Dichtband 47 wird auf die Auflagefläche 46 der Innenschale 11 des Flügelprofils aufgeklebt.
• Schritt i3: Das zweite Halteprofils 39 wird mit der Innenschale 11 des Flügelprofils durch Erzeugung einer kraftschlüssigen und formschlüssigen Verbindung nach dem Einschieben des Stegs 41 verrastet, wobei das verbreiterte Ende 42 ins Innere der Halteklammer 43 gepresst wird.

In Fig. 2D are the assembly steps of the clipped connection of the door leaf 2 from Fig. 2A with the necessary individual parts, shown in horizontal section. The assembly of the door leaf profile 2 and the door panel 17 is carried out in the following steps:

• Step a1: The retaining clips 33 are inserted into a corresponding groove (not further designated) of the insulating bar 34.
• Step a2: The first retaining profile 29 is locked to the sash profile by creating a force-locking and form-locking connection after inserting the web 31, whereby the widened end 32 is pressed into the interior of the retaining clip 33.
• Step a3: In this case, a securing element is used to fix the outer cover layer 20 in its locked position with the insulating web 34, which in the embodiment according to Fig. 2A or Fig. 2B designed as a clip profile 35, which the clip profile web 35A, the clamping web 35B and the clip profile web 35C, wherein the upper leg of the clip profile 35 is inserted laterally into the groove 29A of the first holding profile 29, the clip profile web 35A into the corresponding groove 36 of the insulating web 34 and the clip profile web 35C into the corresponding groove 37 of the insulating web 34.
• Step a4: The sealing strip 38 is pressed onto the clamping web 35B of the clip profile 35, which has the clamping groove 38A for this purpose.
• Step i1: The retaining clips 43 are inserted into the receiving groove 44 of the retaining element 45.
• Step i2: The circumferential sealing strip 47 is glued to the support surface 46 of the inner shell 11 of the sash profile.
• Step i3: The second retaining profile 39 is locked to the inner shell 11 of the sash profile by creating a force-locking and form-locking connection after inserting the web 41, whereby the widened end 42 is pressed into the interior of the retaining clip 43.

When assembling door leaf 2, it is irrelevant whether the outer side (steps a1 to a4) or the inner side (steps i1 to i3) is assembled first.

For a better understanding, Fig. 2E The corner area of the door leaf is shown in perspective, analogous to the representation in Fig. 2D While the retaining clips 33, 43 are individually inserted into the corresponding groove of the insulating webs 34 or into the receiving grooves 44 of the holding elements 45, all other holding means, such as the first holding profiles 29, the second holding profiles 39, the insulating webs 34, the receiving grooves 44 of the holding elements 45, the clip profiles 35, the sealing strips 38 and the sealing strips 47 are designed according to the length of the respective inner shells 11 of the sash profile, wherein the first holding profiles 29 and the second retaining profiles 39 are not mitred. In Fig. 2F the corner area of the door leaf is made of Fig. 2E with a mounted inside in one of the Fig. 2E corresponding view and in Fig. 2G the corner area of the door leaf 2 Fig. 2E with a mounted exterior in one of the Fig. 2E corresponding view.

In Fig. 3 is a further embodiment of a door according to the invention in one of the Fig. 2A corresponding horizontal section. Fig. 3 The door shown has a flush interior and exterior, so that a system joint SF is visible on both the inside and the outside.

In Fig. 4 is a further embodiment of a door according to the invention in one of the Fig. 2A The door is shown in the corresponding horizontal section. Fig. 4 has a surface offset on the inside and outside. The frame 1 and the door leaf 2 are not aligned with each other on both the outside and the inside. This results in a surface offset on the outside, which is shown as reference symbol FV in the drawing. A rebate is formed on the inside of the door, which is shown as reference symbol AS in the drawing.

In Fig. 5 is a further embodiment of a door according to the invention in one of the Fig. 2A corresponding horizontal section. Fig. 5 The door shown has a flush outer side and an offset inner side.

List of reference symbols

1

frame

2

door leaf

3

door threshold

4

Inner shell of the frame 1

5

Outer shell of the frame 1

6A, 6B

Insulating bar

7

insulation

8

sealing strip

9

stop bar

10

outer stop seal

11

Inner shell of the wing profile

12

Outer shell of the wing profile

13A, 13B

Insulating bar

14

insulation

15

fold

16

inner stop seal

17

Door panel

18

Insulating core

18A

inner insulation core half of the insulation core 18

18B

outer insulation core half of the insulation core 18

18C

Separation plane of the insulation core 18

19

inner cover layer

20

outer cover layer

21

adhesive layer

22

adhesive layer

23

protective strip

24

Fitting rebate

25

sealing strip

26

Glass rebate

27

Glass rebate insulation

28

Corner connectors

29

first holding profile

29A

Groove of the first retaining profile 29

30

adhesive layer

31

Web of the first retaining profile 29

32

Widening of the bridge 31

33

retaining clip assigned to the outer cover layer 20

34

Insulating bar

35

Clip profile

35A, 35C

Clip profile bar

35B

clamping bar

36, 37

Groove of the insulating bar 34

38

sealing strip

38A

clamping groove

39

second retaining profile

39A

Groove of the second retaining profile 39

40

adhesive layer

41

Web of the second retaining profile 39

42

Widening of the bridge 41

43

retaining clip assigned to the inner cover layer 19

44

Receiving groove

45

Holding element

46

Support surface

47

sealing tape

48

first part of the outer insulation core half 18B of the insulation core 18

49

second part of the outer insulation core half 18B of the insulation core 18

50

Paragraph

51

Screw-on door hinge

51A

hinge flap assigned to the frame 1

51B

hinge flap assigned to door leaf 2

52

Fixing screw

53

Handle

54

Angle profile

AS

surcharge

FV

Surface offset

G1, G2

gap

V

Offset dimension

Claims (18)

1. Door, in particular front door, having a circumferential frame (1) as a carrier profile and at least one door leaf (2) with a circumferential leaf profile, wherein the at least one door leaf (2) has a door panel (17) and wherein the door leaf (2) has on its outer side an outer cover layer (20) which is detachably fastened to the leaf profile and covers the leaf, wherein a first retaining profile (29), which is firmly connected to the outer cover layer (20), serves to connect the leaf profile and the outer cover layer (20), and wherein the first retaining profile (29) has at least one web (31), the end of which is provided with at least one widening (32) or circumferential taper in each case, which can be latched to the leaf profile via at least one clamping element associated with the outer cover layer (20), the door leaf (2) having on its inner side an inner cover layer (19) which is detachably fastened to the leaf profile and covers the leaf, a second retaining profile (39), which is firmly connected to the inner cover layer (19), serves to connect the leaf profile and the inner cover layer (19), and wherein the second retaining profile (39) has at least one web (41), the end of each of which is provided with at least one widening (42) or circumferential taper, which can be latched to the leaf profile via at least one clamping element associated with the inner cover layer (19),
   characterized in that
   the leaf profile has a retaining element (45) with a retaining groove (44) at its end facing away from the frame (1) and that the at least one clamping element associated with the inner cover layer (19) is arranged in the retaining groove (44).
2. Door according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the outer cover layer (20) is fixed in its latched position on the door leaf (2) by a positive-locking securing of the first retaining profile (29) by means of at least one circumferential securing element.
3. Door according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the first retaining profile (29) is bonded to the outer cover layer (20) and/or the second retaining profile (39) is bonded to the inner cover layer (19).
4. Door according to claim 3,
   characterized in that
   a suitable adhesive (30, 40) or an adhesive tape is used to adhere the first and/or the second retaining profile (29, 39).
5. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the leaf profile has a bearing surface (46) at its end directed towards the inner cover layer (19).
6. Door according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   a sealing strip (47) is arranged between the bearing surface (46) and the inner cover layer (19), which sealing strip is designed in particular to be circumferential.
7. Door according to claim 5 or 6,
   characterized in that
   the frame (1) and the door leaf (2) are connected to one another via at least one screw-on door hinge (51), in particular at least two screw-on door hinges (51), wherein the at least one screw-on door hinge (51) has a hinge flap (51A) associated with the frame (1) and a hinge flap (51B) associated with the door leaf (2), wherein the hinge tab (51B) associated with the door leaf (2) is fastened to the door leaf (2) via a fastening means extending through the bearing surface (46) of the leaf profile, in particular via a fastening screw (52) extending through the bearing surface (46) of the leaf profile.
8. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the door panel (17) has an outer insulating core half (18B) fastened to the outer cover layer (20) and an inner insulating core half (18A) fastened to the inner cover layer (19), the insulating core halves (18A, 18B) being substantially cuboid in shape, wherein an end of the inner insulating core half (18A) associated with the leaf profile projects back by an offset dimension (V) from an end of the outer insulating core half (18B) associated with the leaf profile, and wherein the offset dimension (V) corresponds to the extension of the retaining element (45) in the direction of the insulating core (18).
9. Door according to claim 8,
   characterized in that
   a gap G₁ is formed between the end of the leaf profile facing away from the frame (1) and the outer insulating core half (18B) or between the end of the leaf profile facing away from the frame (1) and the inner insulating core half (18A), wherein the gap G₁ has a width of ≤ 4 mm, in particular of ≤ 3 mm and particularly preferably of ≤ 2 mm.
10. Door according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in that
    a gap G₂ is formed between the end of the outer insulating core half (18B) directed towards the inner cover layer (19) and the retaining element (45), the gap G₂ being designed for tolerance compensation during assembly.
11. Door according to any one of claims 8 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the outer insulating core half (18B) is formed in two parts, a first part (48) being formed from a deformation-compensating material, in particular from a foam, and a second part (49) being formed from an insulating material, in particular from a PU foam, the first part (48) being arranged in particular on the inside of the outer cover layer (20).
12. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    a strip for fastening a handle (53) or a handle bar is arranged at the end of the leaf profile facing away from the frame (1), the strip being designed in particular as an angled profile (54) and particularly preferably in sections in an area provided for fastening the handle (53) or the handle bar.
13. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the door is formed on its outer side flush with a system joint (SF) between the frame (1) and the outer cover layer (20).
14. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the door has an offset surface on its outer side.
15. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the door is formed flush on its inner side with a system joint (SF) between the frame (1) and the inner cover layer (19).
16. Door according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the door is designed to open inwards.
17. A method of manufacturing a door leaf for a door according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
    characterized with the following steps:

    - Inserting the clamping elements assigned to the outer (20) and inner cover layer (19),

    - Glue the sealing tape (47) to the bearing surface (46) of the leaf profile,

    - Locking of the first and second retaining profiles (29, 39) with the respective clamping elements and

    - Sliding in the securing element to fix the outer cover layer (20) in its latched position.
18. Method according to claim 17,
    characterized in that
    a sealing strip (8) is arranged on the securing element.

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