EP4374406A1 - Disque de contact pour interrupteur à vide, interrupteur à vide et procédé de production d'un disque de contact - Google Patents

Disque de contact pour interrupteur à vide, interrupteur à vide et procédé de production d'un disque de contact

Info

Publication number
EP4374406A1
EP4374406A1 EP22786781.9A EP22786781A EP4374406A1 EP 4374406 A1 EP4374406 A1 EP 4374406A1 EP 22786781 A EP22786781 A EP 22786781A EP 4374406 A1 EP4374406 A1 EP 4374406A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
contact
vacuum switch
copper
contact disk
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22786781.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Brauner
Hermann BÖDINGER
Frank Graskowski
Carsten Schuh
Kira Berdien WÜSTENBERG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP4374406A1 publication Critical patent/EP4374406A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6642—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having cup-shaped contacts, the cylindrical wall of which being provided with inclined slits to form a coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6643—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new type of contact disk for vacuum switches, a vacuum switch with such a contact disk and a manufacturing method for a contact disk.
  • spiral and pot contacts Widely used designs are the spiral and pot contacts.
  • the required magnetic field is generated by the geometric design of the contact disk itself; which the contact disc is attached.
  • arcing events on the surface of a contact disk cause partial melting, in particular along the slot edges, as a result of which the slots become narrower with the number of switching operations and can ultimately be completely short-circuited.
  • a contact disk of a contact element for a vacuum switch which consists predominantly of a first conductive material or composite material and has a plurality of recesses distributed over the circumference of a second material with a lower conductivity than the first material or composite material, which during a switching process of the vacuum switch, the formation of a magnetic field and thus a movement of an arc that is produced on a predetermined path and/or a large-area propagation of the arc.
  • the shape of the slots not being limited to slots is, but allows a significantly greater variety of shapes, which in turn allows optimization of the magnetic field formation that can be achieved with the classic cutting or cutting processes are not feasible or only with great effort.
  • the present invention avoids or reduces the effect occurring in the prior art that the slits become narrower with the number of switching operations and finally can be completely short-circuited, since the slits are already filled with material and thus the accumulation of material is at least made more difficult.
  • Stainless steel or another metal with a significantly lower conductivity than copper is preferably used for the material let into the slots.
  • the conductivity of the second material is preferably less than one tenth of the conductivity of the first material.
  • ceramics, ceramic-metal composite materials (cermets) or plastics are used as the second material.
  • a contact disk according to the invention can be produced, for example, by additive manufacturing methods (3D printing), in particular by a 2-component 3D printing method.
  • 3D printing is that Contact disc including the recesses can be manufactured in one operation and complex slot shapes can be realized that can not be realized with conventional machining processes or only with great effort.
  • the present invention also relates to a vacuum switch with a vacuum chamber, within which two contact elements are arranged, with at least one of the contact elements having a contact disk according to the invention.
  • the voltage feed-in points and the electrical power fed in are preferably selected in such a way that the currents flowing through the powder(s) are approximately evenly distributed.
  • a copper powder or a mixture of copper particles and another conductive material such as chromium is preferably used as the (first) powder.
  • Stainless steel is preferably chosen as the second material.
  • Fig. 4 shows a spiral contact disk according to a second embodiment of the present invention schematically in a perspective view
  • Fig. 5 shows a vacuum switch according to an embodiment of the present invention schematically in a partial sectional view.
  • Fig. 3 shows an AMF contact disk 30 of an AMF contact element for a vacuum switch 100 consisting of a first conductive material or composite material.
  • the first conductive material is preferably copper.
  • the representation of the contact carrier has been omitted for the purpose of a clearer representation of the present invention.
  • the contact disk 30 or a contact disk area can be attached to the surface of a contact carrier or, in developments of the present invention, can be formed in one piece with the contact carrier, namely on the surface of the contact element, which is later to form the separable electrical connection of the vacuum switch.
  • Fig. 4 shows a spiral contact disk 40 of a contact element for a vacuum switch 100, also consisting of a first conductive material or composite material.
  • the first conductive material is in turn preferably copper.
  • the representation of the contact carrier was omitted for the purpose of a clearer representation of the present invention. It also applies to the spiral contact disk 40 that contact disk 40 or a contact disk area can be attached to the surface of a contact carrier or, in developments of the present invention, can be formed in one piece with the contact carrier, namely on the surface of the contact element, which is later to form the separable electrical connection of the vacuum switch.
  • the contact disk 40 has a plurality of indentations 41 distributed over the circumference, which run in a spiral shape and thus increase the length of the indentation compared to straight slots as shown in FIG. 3 increase .
  • a second material with lower electrical conductivity compared to the first material is embedded, again in such a way that the indentations (together with the geometry of the indentations or slots of the corresponding mating contact) allow the formation of a magnetic field and thus a movement of an emerging arc on a given one when current flows Train and / or cause a large-scale spread of the arc.
  • Fig. 5 shows a vacuum interrupter 100 with two contacts with contact carriers 32 , 42 on which contact disks 30 , 40 according to the present invention are applied.
  • two AMF contacts with contact discs 30 according to FIG. 3 shown in detail.
  • other contact wheel shapes designed in accordance with the present invention are used.
  • molded parts which largely correspond to their final shape, but protrude somewhat beyond the later circumference of the contact element, can be used in corresponding receptacles in the matrix.
  • the material of the molded parts that protrudes beyond the circumference can then also be removed in the course of the final surface treatment of the contact element.
  • Copper powder or a powder mixture of copper and chromium is filled into the gaps in the die and surrounding the molded parts and a uniaxial pressure is applied using a press ram. Electrical current preferably flows through the sample to be sintered in a type of series connection at the same time via the press ram and the die. The resulting Joule heating of the sample or of the die leads to a very rapid heating of the sample and thus enables the ef fi cient sintering of the material.
  • molded parts made of the first material can form the starting point, and a powder or pre-pressed green body made of the second material is introduced.
  • the die can have additional shaped bodies that influence the shape of the contact disk.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un disque de contact (30, 40) d'un élément de contact pour un interrupteur à vide (100), qui est constitué principalement d'un premier matériau ou matériau composite conducteur et comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'entrée (31, 41) répartis sur la circonférence et composé d'un second matériau ayant un niveau de conductivité inférieur par rapport au premier matériau ou matériau composite, qui, pendant un processus de commutation de l'interrupteur à vide (100), provoquent la formation d'un champ magnétique et, par conséquent, un mouvement d'un arc naissant sur un trajet prédéfini et/ou une propagation étendue de l'arc. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'un tel disque de contact.
EP22786781.9A 2021-09-23 2022-09-15 Disque de contact pour interrupteur à vide, interrupteur à vide et procédé de production d'un disque de contact Pending EP4374406A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021210643.9A DE102021210643A1 (de) 2021-09-23 2021-09-23 Kontaktscheibe für Vakuumschalter, Vakuumschalter sowie Herstellungsverfahren für eine Kontaktscheibe
PCT/EP2022/075616 WO2023046565A1 (fr) 2021-09-23 2022-09-15 Disque de contact pour interrupteur à vide, interrupteur à vide et procédé de production d'un disque de contact

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4374406A1 true EP4374406A1 (fr) 2024-05-29

Family

ID=83689282

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22786781.9A Pending EP4374406A1 (fr) 2021-09-23 2022-09-15 Disque de contact pour interrupteur à vide, interrupteur à vide et procédé de production d'un disque de contact

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4374406A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN117999624A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021210643A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023046565A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3302595A1 (de) 1983-01-27 1984-08-02 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE19612143B4 (de) * 1996-03-27 2005-05-04 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralkontaktstückes für eine Vakuumkammer und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP2989650B1 (fr) * 2013-06-20 2020-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'éléments de contacts de commutation électrique
DE102017214805A1 (de) 2017-08-24 2019-02-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Strombegrenzung mit einem Vakuumschalter
DE102018201301A1 (de) * 2018-01-29 2019-08-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktbauteils sowie Kontaktbauteil, Vakuumschaltröhre und Schaltanlage
DE102019216869B4 (de) 2019-10-31 2023-02-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktbolzen zum Abschirmen und Halten einer Kontaktscheibe, Vakuum-Schaltelement aufweisend eine Kontaktscheibe und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktbolzens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117999624A (zh) 2024-05-07
WO2023046565A1 (fr) 2023-03-30
DE102021210643A1 (de) 2023-03-23

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