EP4364294A1 - Dispositif d'entrée pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant un dispositif de capteur capacitif et procédé de détection de l'actionnement d'une électrode de capteur d'un dispositif d'entrée correspondant - Google Patents

Dispositif d'entrée pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant un dispositif de capteur capacitif et procédé de détection de l'actionnement d'une électrode de capteur d'un dispositif d'entrée correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP4364294A1
EP4364294A1 EP22736257.1A EP22736257A EP4364294A1 EP 4364294 A1 EP4364294 A1 EP 4364294A1 EP 22736257 A EP22736257 A EP 22736257A EP 4364294 A1 EP4364294 A1 EP 4364294A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
sensor electrode
control
measuring device
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22736257.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Raphael MACK
Sascha Staude
Benjamin Dietz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
Original Assignee
Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH filed Critical Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
Publication of EP4364294A1 publication Critical patent/EP4364294A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945—Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/96071—Capacitive touch switches characterised by the detection principle
    • H03K2217/960725—Charge-transfer

Definitions

  • Input device for a motor vehicle with a capacitive sensor device and method for detecting the actuation of a sensor electrode of a corresponding input device
  • the invention relates to an input device for a motor vehicle with a capacitive sensor device.
  • the capacitive sensor device has a first sensor electrode, which forms a first sensor capacitance when a capacitively effective input means is present.
  • the capacitive sensor device has a reference capacitance and a resistor, the resistor being electrically connected to the first sensor electrode by its first connection and to the reference capacitance by its second connection.
  • a control and measuring device is provided with a first connection which is electrically connected to the first sensor electrode, so that a first electrical node is formed between the first connection of the control and measuring device, the first connection of the resistor and the first sensor electrode.
  • the control and measuring device also has a second connection that is electrically connected to the reference capacitance.
  • the control and measuring device is designed such that in a first operating state the first connection of the control and measuring device has a first electrical potential and the second connection of the control and measuring device has a second electrical potential.
  • the first connection of the control and measuring device in a second operating state, is designed as a measuring input; in particular, the first connection of the control and measuring device is connected internally to an analog-to-digital converter, and the second connection of the control and measuring device has a high-impedance input status.
  • the actuation of the first sensor electrode can be identified from the charge equalization between the first sensor electrode and the reference capacitance in the second operating state using the control and measuring device.
  • Input devices for a motor vehicle with a capacitive sensor device are already known from the prior art.
  • US Pat. No. 9,823,798 B2 discloses a capacitive sensor device with a sensor electrode and a reference capacitance, which are connected to one another via a resistor. Different potentials can be applied to the sensor electrode and the reference capacitance, and actuation of the sensor electrode can be recognized by means of charge equalization.
  • a disadvantage of the solutions from the prior art is that the control and measuring devices usually used have a large number of control and measuring connections and various external components for detecting the actuation of a sensor electrode. This makes the input devices complex and expensive, especially when a large number of sensor electrodes are used.
  • the input device is characterized in that the reference capacitance is a second sensor electrode for forming a second sensor capacitance in the presence of a capacitively effective input means and the actuation of the second sensor electrode based on the charge equalization between the first sensor electrode and the second sensor electrode in the second operating state by means of the control and measuring device can be identified.
  • the second sensor electrode thus replaces the otherwise separate reference capacitance, but without losing its function as a sensor electrode.
  • the second sensor electrode takes on the task of a reference capacitance in the event that the first sensor electrode is to be queried or vice versa.
  • interrogated means that one of the sensor electrodes is to be checked to determine whether it is actuated or not. It is therefore a matter of detecting the actuation of one of the sensor elements.
  • the input device according to the invention can advantageously be provided in a simpler and cheaper manner.
  • the sensor electrodes are preferably designed as conductive surfaces or plates and form a sensor capacitance in the presence of a capacitively effective input means, for example the hand or finger of a user of the input device in contact with earth or ground potential.
  • the sensor capacitance forms between the sensor electrode and the environment, including any existing capacitively effective input means.
  • the charge equalization in the second operating mode leads to a voltage that can be measured at the first electrical node, which can also be referred to as the charge equalization voltage.
  • This charge compensation voltage can be measured via the first connection of the control and measuring device and can be evaluated with regard to polarity and/or magnitude.
  • the polarity and/or the magnitude of the charge equalization voltage is a measure of the actuation of the first and/or second sensor electrode.
  • a counter-electrode can also be provided.
  • a counter-electrode can also be designed, for example, as a conductive surface, plate or conductor track in the vicinity of the first and/or second sensor electrode. This has the advantage that the sensor capacitance is formed between the respective sensor electrode and the counter-electrode and the sensor capacitance is influenced by the capacitively effective input means. The change in sensor capacity affects the charge balance, so that actuation of the sensor electrode can be identified.
  • the control and measuring device is designed such that in the first operating state the first sensor electrode can be charged with a first potential with a first polarity and the second sensor electrode can be charged with a second potential with a second polarity, so that in the second operating state the actuation of the first or second sensor electrode can be distinguished from one another on the basis of the polarity and/or the amount of charge equalization.
  • This has the advantage that the sensor electrodes are each charged with a potential that is clearly distinguishable from the reference potential, preferably the ground potential, and the input device is therefore less susceptible to interference overall.
  • the input device according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the control and measuring device has a third connection which is connected to the first sensor electrode, the control and measuring device being designed in such a way that in the first operating state the third connection of the control - and measuring device has the first electrical potential and preferably the first connection of the control and measuring device has a high-impedance input state and that in the second operating state the third connection of the control and measuring device has a high-impedance input state.
  • This measure advantageously allows the first sensor electrode to be charged separately to the desired potential through the third connection, so that a measurement can be carried out in parallel via the first connection of the control and measuring device. In this way, for example, the charging behavior, that is to say the course of the charging voltage and/or the charging current over time, can be monitored.
  • the second and/or the third connection of the control and measuring device is a configurable input or output.
  • the configurable input or output is preferably a so-called GPIO port of a microcontroller.
  • GPIO ports or "General Purpose Input Output Port” are common configurable connections of a microcontroller that can function as an input or as an output.
  • these connections can also have a high-impedance input resistance. This state is also referred to as "high- impedance”. This has the advantage that the input device according to the invention can also be implemented with a standard microcontroller and can therefore be provided particularly cheaply.
  • the input device according to the invention can be designed such that a series resistor is provided between the first sensor electrode and the third connection of the control and measuring device and/or the second sensor electrode and the second connection of the control and measuring device.
  • the series resistor has the advantage that interference from the first and/or second sensor electrode in the direction of the connections of the control and measuring device is suppressed.
  • the input device according to the invention is designed to be more robust with respect to interference, such as interference voltages or interference currents.
  • a second resistor is provided between the first electrical node and the first sensor electrode.
  • the first electrical node is electrically decoupled from the first sensor electrode, so that the voltage occurring at the first electrical node during charge equalization is more robust with respect to changes at the first sensor electrode. Furthermore, the charging behavior over time at the first sensor electrode and the course over time of the charge equalization between the sensor electrodes are influenced by the second resistor, so that further evaluations of the course over time are advantageously possible.
  • the input device according to the invention can be designed in such a way that a second reference capacitance is provided at the first connection of the control and measurement device and the control and measurement device is designed in such a way that the second reference capacitance and the first or second electrode are in a third operating state can be charged with a first potential with a first polarity and the respective other electrode can be charged with a second potential with a second polarity and that in a fourth operating state the first connection of the control and measuring device is designed as a measuring input, in particular that the first connection of the Control and measurement device is internally connected to an analog-to-digital converter, and the second and third connection of the control and measurement device has a high-impedance input state, so that based on the charge balance between the second reference capacitance, the first or second n sensor electrode and the respective other sensor electrode, an actuation of one of the sensor electrodes, in particular the sensor electrode charged with the second potential in the third operating state, can be detected.
  • This measure can advantageously increase the accuracy of the input
  • the first and/or second sensor electrode has a first connection via which the first and/or second sensor electrode is electrically connected to the first electrical node and via this to the first connection of the control and measuring device.
  • the second resistor is preferably provided between the first connection of the first sensor electrode and the first electrical node
  • the first and/or second sensor electrode has a second connection via which the first and/or second sensor electrode is electrically connected to the second or third connection of the control and measuring device, the first or second series resistor preferably being between the second connection of the first and/or second sensor electrode and the second or third connection the control and measuring device is provided.
  • the input device according to the invention has at least one further sensor electrode, preferably a multiplicity of further sensor electrodes, with a first connection which is electrically connected to the first electrical node via a further resistor and with a second connection of the at least one further Sensor electrode, which is electrically connected to a further connection of the control and measuring device via a further series resistor, and the control and measuring device is designed in such a way that in the third operating state the at least one further sensor electrode can be charged to the first potential or the second potential and in the fourth operating state, the further connection of the control and measuring device has a high-impedance input state, so that based on the charge equalization between the second reference capacitance and/or the sensor electrodes, one of the sensor elements is actuated electrodes, in particular the sensor electrode charged with the second potential in the third operating state.
  • the input device according to the invention can be expanded to include a large number of sensor electrodes, so that the functionality is advantageously improved.
  • the input device according to the invention can be expanded to include a large number
  • the sensor electrode to be queried that is to say the sensor electrode at which it is to be determined whether it was actuated by a user or not, is always charged with a different electrical potential than the other sensor electrodes. If a capacitively effective input means is present on or in the vicinity of the sensor electrode to be queried, the sensor capacitance of the relevant sensor electrode is increased. The consequence of this is that the relevant sensor electrode can absorb more charge and the influence of this sensor electrode during the subsequent charge equalization is also increased. This change in the charge balance then suggests an actuation of the corresponding sensor electrode.
  • the first and second sensor electrode has a first connection via which the first and/or second sensor electrode is connected to the first connection of the control and measuring device and to the second or third connection of the control and measuring device is electrically connected, with a second electrical node being provided between the first connection of the first sensor electrode and the third connection of the control and measuring device, which is preferably electrically connected to the first electrical node via the second resistor and/or between the first connection of the second sensor electrode and the second terminal of the control and measuring device, a third electrical node is provided, which is preferably electrically connected to the first electrical node via the first resistor, with the first or second series resistor preferably being connected between the first terminal uss is provided the first and / or second sensor electrode and the second or third electrical node.
  • the input device according to the invention is advantageously of particularly compact design without sacrificing functionality.
  • the input device has at least one further sensor electrode, preferably a large number of further sensor electrodes, with a first connection via which the at least further sensor electrode is connected to the first connection of the control and measuring device and with a further connection of the control - and measuring device is electrically connected, with a further electrical node being provided between the first connection of the further sensor electrode and the further connection of the control and measuring device, which is preferably electrically connected to the first electrical node via a further resistor, with preferably a further A series resistor is provided between the first connection of the further sensor electrode and the further electrical node, and the control and measuring device is designed in such a way that in the third operating state the at least one further sensor or electrode can be charged to the first potential or the second potential and in the fourth operating state the other connection of the control and measuring device has a high-impedance input state, so that based on the charge equalization between the second reference capacitance and the sensor electrodes, actuation of one of the sensor electrodes
  • the invention also relates to a method according to the invention for detecting the actuation of a sensor electrode of an input device according to claims 1 - 11, comprising the following steps:
  • an actuation of each of the sensor electrodes in an input device according to the invention can be recognized in an advantageous manner with less effort and these can be distinguished from one another.
  • all the sensor electrodes are evaluated one after the other and preferably continuously in order to detect an actuation of the respective sensor electrode. This has the advantage that the actuation of all sensor electrodes of the input device according to the invention can be detected and, moreover, also continuously, so that the detection of the actuation is more reliable.
  • the method according to the invention can alternatively or additionally be designed in such a way that the first potential has a positive polarity and the second potential has a negative polarity or vice versa.
  • This has the advantage that the sensor electrodes are each charged with a potential that is clearly distinguishable from the reference potential, preferably the ground potential, and the input device is therefore less susceptible to interference overall.
  • the first potential corresponds to the positive operating voltage of the input device and the second potential corresponds to the reference potential, preferably the ground potential, of the input device or vice versa.
  • FIG. 1a shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention
  • 1c shows a schematic representation of a signal curve in the first exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention when the first sensor electrode is actuated
  • 1d shows a schematic representation of a signal curve in the first exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention when the second sensor electrode is actuated
  • FIG. 2a shows a schematic representation of a second exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2b shows a schematic representation of a signal curve in the second exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention without actuation
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a third exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a fourth exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a sixth exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the seventh exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of an eighth exemplary embodiment of the input device according to the invention.
  • FIG. la shows schematically a first embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention with a capacitive sensor device (2).
  • the capacitive sensor device (2) has a first Sensor electrode (3) and a second sensor electrode (17), which are each in the form of a conductive flat element and each form a sensor capacitance (3', 17') with the environment.
  • a capacitive input means not shown here
  • the respective sensor capacitance (3', 17') changes.
  • the first sensor electrode (3) is electrically connected with its first connection (23) via a second resistor (21) to the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the second sensor electrode (17) is electrically connected with its second connection (29) via a series resistor (20) to the second connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the second sensor electrode (17) also has a first connection (24) which is electrically connected to the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9) via the first resistor (6).
  • a first electrical node (22) forms between the first and second resistors (6, 21) and the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the first and second resistors (6, 21) preferably have a value of 1 to 100 kOhm, in particular 10 kOhm.
  • the series resistor (20) preferably has a value of 0.1 to 10 kOhm, in particular 1 kOhm.
  • the control and measuring device (9) continuously checks whether or not there is a capacitively effective input means in the vicinity of and/or on one of the sensor electrodes (3, 17). Based on this evaluation or interrogation of the sensor electrodes (3, 17), the control and measuring device (9) concludes that the input device (1) has been actuated. For this purpose, the control and measuring device (9) according to FIG . As a result, the first sensor electrode (3) or its sensor capacitance (3') is essentially charged to the first potential (15) according to the charging curve at the first connection (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) according to FIG.
  • the second sensor electrode (17) or its sensor capacitance (17') can be connected via the second connection (11) to the Control and measuring device (9) are charged to a negative second potential (15) according to the charging curve at the second terminal (29) of the second sensor electrode (17).
  • both sensor capacitances (3', 17') can absorb the same amount of charge.
  • the first sensor capacitance (3') is essentially charged to the first positive potential (14).
  • the second sensor capacitance is charged to a potential which is determined by the voltage divider of the first resistor (6) and the series resistor (20). Accordingly, in this exemplary embodiment, the second sensor capacitance (17') is not charged exactly to the second negative potential (15), but rather to a third negative potential that differs from the second negative potential by only a few 100 mV, for example.
  • the two sensor capacitances (3', 17') of the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17) are essentially the same, these are calculated according to the discharge curves in Figure 1b for the connections (23, 29) of the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17 ) unloaded. Since the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17) are at the same potential in this operating state after charge equalization, the end state of the charge curves is from the first connection (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) and the second connection (29) of the second sensor electrode (17) according to Figure lb identical to the charge equalization voltage at the first electrical node. This relationship also applies to the following exemplary embodiments.
  • the polarity is at the first electrical node (22) the voltage resulting from the charge equalization is not zero, but is proportional to or corresponds to the potential difference between the first and second sensor capacitance (3', 17').
  • This so-called charge compensation voltage at the first electrical node (22) can be measured via the first connection (1) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the voltage at the first electrical node (22) is measured via an analog/digital converter in the control and measuring device (9) in the second operating state and/or thereafter. Since the measured charge equalization voltage is known in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • FIG. 1c shows the signal curves at the relevant connections of the input device (1) according to FIG. Due to the presence of the capacitively effective input means on the first sensor electrode (3), the relevant sensor capacitance (3') is increased compared to the sensor capacitance (17') of the second sensor electrode (17). As a result, the sensor capacitance (3') of the first sensor electrode (3) can absorb more charge than the sensor capacitance (17') of the second sensor electrode (17).
  • the control and measuring device (9) according to FIG. 1c applies a first positive potential (14) to the first connection (10) in a first operating state (12) and a second negative potential (15).
  • the first sensor electrode (3) is charged to the first potential (15) according to the charging curve at the first connection (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) according to FIG. Since the first sensor electrode (3) and the second sensor electrode (17) are decoupled from each other via the first resistor (6), the second sensor electrode (17) can be connected via the second connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • a negative third potential can be charged according to the charging curve at the second terminal (29) of the second sensor electrode (17).
  • the first and second connections (10, 11) of the control and measuring device (9) are switched to a high-impedance input state. Accordingly, there is no potential at the first and second connection (10, 11) of the control and measuring device (9). created. Due to the high-impedance input state of the first and second connection (10, 11), charge equalization now occurs via the first resistor (6).
  • the charges previously stored in the sensor capacitances (3', 17') of the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17) are equalized. Since the first sensor capacitance (3 ') of the first sensor electrode (3) is greater than the second sensor capacitance (17') of the second sensor electrode (17), the two sensor capacitances (3 ', 17') according to the discharge curves in Figure lc at the respective terminals (22, 29) discharged. In the process, the first sensor capacitance (3') discharges to a remaining positive voltage value. Due to the charge difference, the second sensor capacitance (17') discharges from the original negative potential down to the remaining positive voltage value of the first sensor electrode (3).
  • the first terminal (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) is electrically connected to the first electrical node (22) via the second resistor (21) and the first terminal (24) of the second sensor electrode (17) is electrically connected to the first electrical node (22) via the first resistor (6). is, remains at the first electrical node (22) a positive charge balance voltage (not shown here).
  • This positive charge compensation voltage can be measured via the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9). Since the measured charge equalization voltage in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • FIG. 1d shows the signal curves at the relevant connections of the input device (1) according to FIG. Due to the presence of the capacitively effective input means on the second sensor electrode (17), the relevant sensor capacitance (17') is increased compared to the sensor capacitance (3') of the first sensor electrode (3). As a result, the sensor capacitance (17') of the second sensor electrode (17) can absorb more charge than the sensor capacitance (3') of the first sensor electrode (3).
  • the control and measuring device (9) according to FIG. 1d applies a positive first to the first connection (10) in a first operating state (12). Potential (14) and to the second terminal (11) a negative second potential (15).
  • the first sensor electrode (3) is charged to the first potential (15) according to the charging curve at the first connection (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) according to FIG. Since the first sensor electrode (3) and the second sensor electrode (17) are decoupled from each other via the first resistor (6), the second sensor electrode (17) can be connected via the second connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • a negative second potential (15) can be charged according to the charging curve at the second terminal (29) of the second sensor electrode (17).
  • the charges previously stored in the sensor capacitances (3', 17') of the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17) are equalized. Since the second sensor capacitance (17 ') of the second sensor electrode (17) is greater than the first sensor capacitance (3') of the first sensor electrode (3), the two sensor capacitances (3 ', 17') according to the discharge curves in Figure ld to the respective terminals (22, 24) discharged. In the process, the second sensor capacitance (17') discharges to a remaining negative voltage value. Due to the charge difference, the first sensor capacitance (3') discharges from the original positive potential down to the remaining negative voltage value of the second sensor electrode (17).
  • the first terminal (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) is electrically connected to the first electrical node (22) via the second resistor (21) and the first terminal (24) of the second sensor electrode (17) is electrically connected to the first electrical node (22) via the first resistor (6). is left at the first electrical node (22) a negative charge balance voltage.
  • This negative charge compensation voltage can be measured via the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9). Since the measured charge equalization voltage in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. Completely analogous to this, in the exemplary embodiments described above, the first potential (14) could also be a first positive voltage value and the second potential (15) could be a second positive voltage value which is smaller than the first voltage value.
  • the actuation of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) would be recognizable from the resulting charge compensation voltage. Without actuation, the charge balancing voltage would have a value between the first and second voltage values.
  • the charge equalization voltage would have a value between the first voltage value and the value of the charge equalization voltage without actuation.
  • the second sensor electrode (17) is actuated, the charge equalization voltage would have a value between the second voltage value and the value of the charge equalization voltage without actuation.
  • FIG. 2a shows a second exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention, this exemplary embodiment being essentially based on the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the second sensor electrode (17) has only a first connection (24) via which the second sensor electrode (17) is connected to the second connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • a series resistor (20) is connected between the first connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9) and the first connection (24) of the second sensor electrode (17), which usually has a value between 0.1 and 10 kOhm, preferably one value of 1 kOhm.
  • the first resistor (6) is electrically connected with its second terminal (8) to a second electrical node (30) between the series resistor (20) and the control and measuring device (9).
  • the second resistor (21) is preferably also designed as a series resistor and also has a value between 0.1 and 10 kOhm, preferably a value of 1 kOhm.
  • An additional reference capacitance can preferably also be provided at the first or second electrical node (22, 30) (not shown here).
  • the detection of an actuation of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) of the input device (1) takes place according to the same principle as in the first exemplary embodiment, in which, in contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the first sensor capacitance (3' ) is essentially charged to the first positive potential (14) and the second sensor capacitance (17') to the second negative potential. If the first and second potentials (14, 15) are identical in magnitude but with different polarity, as shown in FIG State a charge balancing voltage, which essentially corresponds to zero volts.
  • Alternative potentials for charging the first and second sensor capacitances such as operating voltage and ground potential, are also possible in this exemplary embodiment, analogously to the first exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention.
  • the third embodiment is essentially based on the first embodiment, with the second resistor (21) being omitted here.
  • the first sensor electrode (3) is charged directly by the control and measuring device (9) via its first connection (10). This shortens the charging time for the first sensor electrode (3), so that it can be charged faster or the charging times can be adjusted if the sensor electrodes are of different sizes.
  • the second sensor electrode (17) is charged according to the same principle as in the first embodiment.
  • the detection of an actuation of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) of the input device (1) takes place according to the same principle as in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • One of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) is charged, for example, with a positive first potential (14) and the other sensor electrode (3, 17) with a second negative potential.
  • the charge equalization voltage remaining at the first electrical node (22) is evaluated. If in this example the charge compensation voltage is equal to the differential potential of the sensor capacitances (3', 17') in the known non-actuated state, the control and measuring device (9) recognizes that none of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) has been actuated.
  • the control and measuring device (9) recognizes that the first sensor electrode (3) has been actuated. In the event that the charge equalization voltage is negative, the control and measurement device (9) recognizes that the second sensor electrode (17) has been actuated.
  • two positive or two negative potentials (14, 15) can also be used, or in each case in combination with the ground potential. The actuation is then also detected based on the different charge equalization voltages.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention.
  • This fourth exemplary embodiment is essentially based on the third exemplary embodiment, with the first sensor electrode (3) now likewise having a second connection (28).
  • This second connection (28) is the first sensor electrode (3) with a third connection (18) of the control and Measuring device (9) connected.
  • a series resistor (19) is provided between the second connection (28) of the first sensor electrode (3) and the third connection (18) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • This series resistor serves (19) on the one hand to suppress interference and on the other hand also influences the time constant when charging the first sensor electrode (3), since the first sensor electrode (3) in this fourth exemplary embodiment is connected via the third connection (18) of the control and measuring device ( 9) being charged.
  • the actuation of one of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) of the input device is detected according to the same principle as in the first or second exemplary embodiment.
  • the first sensor electrode (3) is charged via the third connection (18) of the control and measuring device (9), for example with a positive first potential (14).
  • the second sensor electrode (17) is charged with a second negative potential via the second connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the charge equalization voltage remaining at the first electrical node (22) is evaluated via the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9). If the charge compensation voltage is zero volts in this example, the control and measurement device (9) recognizes that none of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) have been actuated.
  • the control and measuring device (9) recognizes that the first sensor electrode (3) has been actuated. In the event that the charge equalization voltage is negative, the control and measurement device (9) recognizes that the second sensor electrode (17) has been actuated. Alternatively, two positive or two negative potentials (14, 15) can also be used. The actuation is then also detected based on the different charge equalization voltages.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention, which is essentially based on the fourth exemplary embodiment.
  • the input device (1) according to FIG. 4 also has a second resistor (21) between the first connection (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) and the first electrical node (22).
  • the first sensor electrode (3) is decoupled from the first electrical node (22) by the second resistor (21).
  • the input device (1) has a second reference capacitance (27) at the first electrical node (22).
  • the detection of an actuation of one of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) of the input device (1) takes place according to the same principle as in the first or second exemplary embodiment.
  • a first potential is used to interrogate the first sensor electrode (3).
  • (14) to the third connection (18) of the control and measuring device (9) so that the sensor capacitance (3') of the first sensor electrode (3) is charged via the series resistor (19).
  • the second and third connections (11, 18) of the control and measuring device (9) are switched to a high-impedance input state.
  • the first connection (19) of the control and measuring device (9) is also set to the high-impedance input state and/or is preferably designed as a measuring input.
  • the charge equalization voltage that occurs at the first electrical node (22) is measured via the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • control and measuring device (9) uses the value of the charge equalization voltage to determine whether or not one of the sensor electrodes (3, 17) has been actuated.
  • a residual positive charge balance voltage would be indicative of actuation of the first sensing electrode (3).
  • the second reference capacitance (27) can be omitted in this embodiment.
  • the electrical node (22 ) adjusting charge compensation voltage in the cases of non-actuation of both sensor electrodes (3, 17) or the actuation of the second sensor electrode (17) always negative.
  • an actuation of the first sensor electrode (3) can be clearly distinguished from the other actuation states by the control and measuring device (9). The same applies if only the second sensor electrode (17) is charged to a distinguishable potential with respect to the first sensor electrode (3) and the second reference capacitance (27).
  • FIG. 6 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention.
  • This exemplary embodiment essentially corresponds to the fifth exemplary embodiment, with the input device (1) being expanded to include a further sensor electrode (32).
  • the further sensor electrode (32) has a first connection (33) and a second connection (35).
  • the second terminal (35) of the further sensor electrode (32) is electrically connected to a further terminal (37) of the control and measuring device (9) via a further series resistor (36).
  • the further series resistor (36) preferably has a value between 0.1 and 10 kOhm, in particular 1 kOhm.
  • the first connection (33) of the further sensor electrode (32) is connected to the first electrical node (22) via a further resistor (34).
  • the further resistor (34) preferably has a value between 1 and 100 kOhm, in particular 10 kOhm.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 illustrates how the input device (1) according to FIG. 4 can be expanded by further sensor electrodes (32).
  • the operation of the input device (1) is completely analogous to the fifth embodiment.
  • the additional sensor electrode (32) is charged to the respective potential via the additional series resistor (36) from the additional connection (37) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the subsequent charge equalization at the first electrical node (22) takes place via the additional resistor (34).
  • FIG. 7 shows a seventh exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention.
  • the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17) are each electrically connected to a terminal (18, 11) of the control and measuring device (9) via a series resistor (19, 20).
  • the series resistors (19, 20) preferably have a value of 0.1 to 10 kOhm, in particular 4.7 kOhm.
  • the first series resistor (19) is provided between the first connection (23) of the first sensor electrode (3) and a second electrical node (30).
  • the second electrical node (30) is connected to the third connection (18) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the second series resistor (20) is provided between the first connection (24) of the second sensor electrode (17) and a third electrical node (31).
  • the third electrical node (31) is connected to the second connection (11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the control and measuring device (9) also has a first connection (10) on which a second reference capacitance (29) is provided.
  • the second reference capacitance preferably has a value of 1 pF to 150 pF, this range of values also applying analogously to the other exemplary embodiments, if applicable. Alternatively, this second reference capacitance (29) can also be omitted.
  • the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9) is connected to a first electrical node (22).
  • the first electrical node (22) is electrically connected to the third electrical node (31) via a first resistor (6) and to the second electrical node (30) via a second electrical resistor (21).
  • the first and second resistors (6, 21) preferably have a value of 1 to 100 kOhm, in particular 4.7 kOhm.
  • a positive first potential ( 14) and a negative second potential (15) is applied to the first and second terminals (10, 11) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • the first sensor capacitance (3') is at least partially charged to the positive first potential (14) and the second reference capacitance (29) and the second sensor capacitance (17') are at least partially charged to the second negative potential (15).
  • the second and third connections (11, 18) of the control and measuring device (9) are put into a high-impedance input state.
  • the first connection (10) of the control and measuring device (9) is also implemented in a high-impedance input state and/or as a measuring input. As a result, there is now a charge equalization between the first and second sensor electrodes (3, 17) and the second reference capacitance (9).
  • the control and measuring device (9) also compares the measured charge equalization voltage Reference values to decide whether the respectively queried sensor electrode (3, 17) was actuated or not.
  • FIG. 8 shows an eighth exemplary embodiment of the input device (1) according to the invention, which is essentially based on the seventh exemplary embodiment.
  • the input device (1) has a further sensor electrode (32) which is connected to a further connection (37) of the control and measuring device (9) via the further series resistor (36).
  • This further series resistor (36) preferably also has a value between 0.1 and 10 kOhm, in particular 1 kOhm.
  • a third electrical node (31) is provided between the additional series resistor (36) and the additional connection (37) of the control and measuring device (9).
  • This third electrical node (31) is electrically connected to the first electrical node (22) via a further resistor (34).
  • This further resistor (34) preferably has a value of 1 to 100 kOhm, in particular 4.7 kOhm or 10 kOhm.
  • This exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 reveals how the input device (1) according to the invention can be expanded to include further sensor electrodes (32).
  • the input device (1) is operated in a completely analogous manner to the previous exemplary embodiment.
  • the further sensor electrode (32) is charged to the first or second potential (14, 15) via the further connection (37) of the control and measuring device (9) in the third operating state.
  • the charge equalization takes place via the additional resistor (34) and the control and measuring device (9) can evaluate the charge equalization voltage occurring at the first electrical node (22).

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  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'entrée (1) pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant un dispositif de capteur capacitif (2). Le dispositif de capteur capacitif (2) comporte une première électrode de capteur (3), qui forme un premier condensateur de capteur (3') lorsqu'un moyen d'entrée capacitif est présent. Le dispositif de capteur capacitif (2) comprend également un condensateur de référence (17') et une résistance (6). Une première borne de la résistance (6) est électriquement connectée à la première électrode de capteur (3), et une deuxième borne de la résistance (6) est électriquement connectée au condensateur de référence (17). En outre, l'invention concerne un appareil de commande et de mesure (9) qui charge les condensateurs à des potentiels différents (14, 15) pour inférer un actionnement du dispositif d'entrée (1) sur la base de l'égalisation de charge. Le condensateur de référence (17') est réalisé par une deuxième électrode de capteur (17) pour former une deuxième capacité de capteur (17'). Lorsqu'un moyen d'entrée capacitif est présent, l'actionnement de la deuxième électrode de capteur (17) peut être détecté au moyen de l'appareil de commande et de mesure (9) sur la base de l'égalisation de charge entre la première électrode de capteur (3) et la deuxième électrode de capteur (17). L'invention permet ainsi une conception avantageuse, simple et compacte.
EP22736257.1A 2021-07-01 2022-06-27 Dispositif d'entrée pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant un dispositif de capteur capacitif et procédé de détection de l'actionnement d'une électrode de capteur d'un dispositif d'entrée correspondant Pending EP4364294A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021117002.8A DE102021117002A1 (de) 2021-07-01 2021-07-01 Eingabevorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer kapazitiven Sensorvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erkennung der Betätigung einer Sensorelektrode einer entsprechenden Eingabevorrichtung
PCT/EP2022/067473 WO2023274903A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2022-06-27 Dispositif d'entrée pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant un dispositif de capteur capacitif et procédé de détection de l'actionnement d'une électrode de capteur d'un dispositif d'entrée correspondant

Publications (1)

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EP4364294A1 true EP4364294A1 (fr) 2024-05-08

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EP22736257.1A Pending EP4364294A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2022-06-27 Dispositif d'entrée pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant un dispositif de capteur capacitif et procédé de détection de l'actionnement d'une électrode de capteur d'un dispositif d'entrée correspondant

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EP (1) EP4364294A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021117002A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023274903A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2280483A1 (fr) * 2005-06-03 2011-02-02 Synaptics, Incorporated Procedes et systemes pour le blindage d'un capteur a capacite de transfert de charge pour la detection de proximite
US9823798B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2017-11-21 Nxp Usa, Inc. Capacitive sensor device and method of operation
FR3077449B1 (fr) * 2018-01-29 2021-01-08 Continental Automotive France Procede et dispositif de detection de presence a multiples zones de detection pour vehicule automobile
DE102019135103A1 (de) 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Kapazitive Sensorvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer kapazitiven Sensorvorrichtung

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