EP4361060A1 - Système de transport et ensemble de transport - Google Patents

Système de transport et ensemble de transport Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4361060A1
EP4361060A1 EP23156773.6A EP23156773A EP4361060A1 EP 4361060 A1 EP4361060 A1 EP 4361060A1 EP 23156773 A EP23156773 A EP 23156773A EP 4361060 A1 EP4361060 A1 EP 4361060A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
depth
locking
transport system
fixing
fixing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23156773.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Arnold
Thomas Czernotzky
Michael Bissot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte GmbH
Original Assignee
Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte GmbH filed Critical Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte GmbH
Publication of EP4361060A1 publication Critical patent/EP4361060A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D25/02—Internal fittings
    • B65D25/10—Devices to locate articles in containers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45C—PURSES; LUGGAGE; HAND CARRIED BAGS
    • A45C11/00—Receptacles for purposes not provided for in groups A45C1/00-A45C9/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transport system for an at least substantially flat object, in particular a painting and/or a painting frame, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a transport arrangement according to claim 13.
  • the transport system according to the invention is designed to accommodate an at least substantially flat object.
  • an object can be a painting, a painting frame or a combination of these.
  • the transport system is significantly more extended in two spatial directions than in the third spatial direction, which also results in a substantially flat shape for the transport system.
  • the transport system has an external support frame that gives the system the necessary basic stability and serves to support the other components of the system.
  • the support frame can also be used to attach the transport system to an external object, for example to or in a transport box. This will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the transport system further comprises a mounting arrangement for mounting the object to be transported, wherein the mounting arrangement is intended to fix the object in all three spatial directions relative to the transport system.
  • the mounting arrangement comprises, on the one hand, a height fixing device by means of which the object can be fixed in a height direction.
  • a side fixing device serves to fix the object in a side direction that is perpendicular to the height direction. It is not absolutely necessary that the components of the height fixing device and the side fixing device that act on the object to be transported are arranged so that they run strictly perpendicular to one another.
  • the mode of operation of the height fixing device and the side fixing device with respect to acting force vectors is at least partially designed in such a way that a movement of the object to be transported in the height direction or the side direction is counteracted. It is therefore particularly possible for the height fixing device to suppress a movement of the object in the side direction at least to a certain extent. The same applies accordingly to the side fixing device.
  • the mounting arrangement further comprises a depth fixing device, by means of which the transport object can be fixed in a depth direction.
  • the depth direction is to be understood as the direction that runs perpendicular to the aforementioned lateral spatial directions in which the object has the greatest extent, i.e. height direction and side direction.
  • the three distinguished spatial directions height direction, side direction and depth direction are not to be understood as absolute, but rather relative to one another and to the transport system. It is therefore possible according to the invention to design the transport system in such a way that it accommodates a flat object in a lying position for transport. In this case, the "height direction" can also run parallel to the ground. In functional terms, this ultimately does not change the properties of the construction according to the invention.
  • the depth fixing device After the transport object has been picked up in the transport system, the depth fixing device is positioned in such a way that the object is contacted and its position in relation to the depth direction is fixed. To do this, the depth fixing device is secured against coming loose by means of a depth locking device in a fixing position. The depth locking device must first be released in order to enable the depth fixing device to move away from the object again.
  • a release device is provided for manually releasing the depth locking device, which can be actuated to release the depth locking device.
  • the release device has a plurality of safety devices. The safety devices work together in such a way that the release device can only be actuated if all safety devices are deactivated.
  • the safety devices can work independently of one another, i.e. they can each prevent the release device from being activated and can be deactivated independently of other safety devices in any order.
  • the safety devices are built on one another in such a way that the next safety device is only possible after the previous one has been deactivated.
  • the first safety device is overcome first, whereby a second safety device can be deactivated. This ultimately allows the third safety device to be deactivated or overcome, whereby the depth locking device is ultimately released and the depth fixing device can be moved from its fixing position.
  • deactivation of a safety device is not only to be understood as an intermittent switching between a secured and an unlocked state.
  • this also includes the movement of a component against a restoring force until a certain, preferably adjustable, threshold value is overcome.
  • the height fixing device is preferably assigned a height locking device.
  • the side fixing device is preferably assigned a side locking device.
  • the height or side fixing device is in particular mounted so that it can move and can be secured against further, in particular unintentional, movement at a specific location by means of a corresponding locking device.
  • the height fixing device is mounted on side parts of the support frame structure by means of movable tabs. Alternatively or additionally, mounting on a component separate from the support frame, which extends in particular in the vertical direction, is also possible. To achieve sufficient stability, the height fixing device is at least indirectly connected to the support frame. Alternatively or in addition to a tab, the height locking device can also be designed as a clamp, clip or the like, or as a hook, extension or the like for engagement in a complementary receptacle and/or guide groove, or can comprise corresponding components.
  • the height locking device also apply analogously to the preferred embodiment of a side locking device in the sense of the invention.
  • the side fixing device is mounted by means of a corresponding side locking device on a beam that can be displaced in the height direction and runs at least substantially horizontally, in such a way that the side fixing device can be displaced in the side direction.
  • a rider that is movably mounted on the crossbeam or horizontal beam can be used to support the side fixing device.
  • the structural alternatives to such a rider of the side locking device correspond to the options mentioned above with regard to the height fixing device or height locking device.
  • the horizontal beam can be part of the height fixing device, support it at least partially directly or indirectly, or represent the height fixing device as such.
  • the movable beam itself is preferably connected to the support frame, in particular to one or more side parts of the support frame, by means of tabs or the alternatives mentioned above, wherein the tabs of the beam are preferably assigned to the height locking device or to several height locking devices.
  • the height locking device and/or the side locking device are preferably based on the principle of corresponding openings or holes that are fixed to one another in the lateral direction by means of a continuous pin.
  • a first fixation in a lateral direction i.e. in the height direction or in the side direction
  • results from the guided, displaceable mounting of the height fixing device or the side fixing device for example by means of riders in the manner described above.
  • the movement of the height fixing device or side fixing device is then only possible in a preferred dimension, i.e. in particular only in the height direction or in the side direction, and is ultimately also fixed in this by inserting the pin through the holes that are brought into overlap.
  • both the riders and the supporting structure on which the rider is mounted i.e. cross beams and/or side parts of the support frame, alternatively or additionally a slideably mounted beam, have corresponding holes.
  • a vertical bar that is displaceably mounted in particular in the lateral direction can also be provided.
  • Such a displaceable vertical bar preferably performs a corresponding function with respect to the lateral fixing device.
  • the movable beams can be connected to one another, for example by a cross connector or a rider designed as a cross connector, which can be moved in two spatial directions running perpendicular to one another, i.e. in particular vertical and lateral directions.
  • the movable beams for supporting the height fixing device or lateral fixing device can also be mounted independently of one another, in particular on the support frame. This results in numerous possible combinations of how the object to be transported can be fixed in vertical or lateral directions. This is particularly advantageous for transporting a large number of different objects, some of which have complex shapes and properties, using the same system according to the invention.
  • the height locking device and/or the side locking device is preferably designed for use with one or more ball locking pins and/or comprises at least one ball locking pin. This effectively prevents the locking pin designed as a ball locking pin from accidentally slipping out or being pulled out of the holes. This results in further increased transport safety.
  • the height locking device and/or the side locking device has a plurality of first receiving openings for receiving a locking bolt or locking pin, in particular a ball locking bolt.
  • a support element on which the height locking device or side locking device is mounted for example by means of a rider, has a plurality of second receiving openings.
  • the support element can be a cross beam or a side part of the support frame, as described above.
  • the term "support element" can also refer to a displaceably mounted horizontal beam and/or vertical beam.
  • the number of second receiving openings i.e. in particular the bores in the support element, is preferably greater than the number of first receiving openings, i.e. in particular the bores in the height locking device or side locking device, for example in a corresponding rider.
  • the distance, in particular the average distance, between two or more of the first receiving openings is in a certain ratio to the distance, in particular the average distance, between two or more of the second receiving openings.
  • This distance ratio is preferably dimensioned such that by moving the rider or the like, not only fixing positions can be assumed, the distance between which is predetermined and quantified by the distance between the second receiving openings, i.e. in particular the holes in the support element.
  • the minimum adjustable distance between the fixing positions is preferably less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, particularly preferably less than 2.5 mm, in particular approximately 2 mm.
  • the height locking device and/or the side locking device preferably have at least two, particularly preferably at least three, first receiving openings, in particular independently of one another.
  • first receiving openings in particular independently of one another.
  • an equidistant arrangement of the receiving openings is not necessarily necessary according to the invention. Different distances between adjacent receiving openings ultimately enable different ratios between the distances of the first receiving openings and the distances of the second receiving openings. This makes it possible in particular to achieve different fine gradations of the fixing positions to be achieved for the height fixing device and/or the side fixing device.
  • the transport system according to the invention has at least one, preferably two, more preferably four fixing angles, which serve to fix the object to be transported. This results in a receiving space for the transport object, which is limited by the angles in the corners. Due to the angular shape, such a fixing angle can serve to simultaneously fix the object in the vertical and lateral directions and thus simultaneously fulfills the functions of both the height fixing device and the lateral fixing device and can thus be part of these or as such at least partially form the height fixing device and/or the lateral fixing device.
  • a particularly compact design of the transport system according to the invention can be realized.
  • Such a fixing bracket can also comprise a height locking device and/or a side locking device or parts of these or be connected thereto.
  • the fixing bracket has, for example, a rider attached on one side, by means of which it can be displaceably mounted on or at a support element, for example a part of the support frame and/or a support element which is itself displaceably mounted, in particular in the height direction or in the side direction.
  • This type of construction allows a high degree of integration and thus also supports a compact and lightweight design of the system.
  • the height fixing device, the side fixing device and/or the depth fixing device preferably all of the three fixing devices mentioned, each have a contact surface which is at least partially equipped with padding.
  • padding can already be realized by an elastic and/or plastic or generally soft material in the area of the contact surface.
  • an additional material layer is also preferred, preferably made of or with an elastic material and/or in the form of a fluid-filled cushion, pillow or the like.
  • the filling of such a cushion can in particular be gaseous, liquid or gel-like. Alternatively or additionally, the filling can also contain a granular medium.
  • Possible embodiments according to the invention also include (not exclusively) gel cushions, air cushions and sand packages, for example.
  • the choice of padding depends on the application, with selection criteria including, for example, a maximum transport weight, increased vibration damping or a certain plastic deformability for the largest possible contact area with a complexly shaped object. It goes without saying that different types of padding can be provided on different contact surfaces of one and different fixing devices. Furthermore, different types of padding can also be combined in areas and/or layers on a common contact surface.
  • the depth fixing device is in particular designed to be removable from the rest of the transport system, ie preferably as a separate component.
  • the object to be transported can initially be introduced into the receiving space without hindrance and secured in the lateral spatial directions by means of the height fixing device and side fixing device.
  • the depth fixing device can then be used to finally fix the object in the depth direction.
  • the depth fixing device is preferably designed to be attached to the height fixing device and/or the side fixing device.
  • the depth locking device which holds the depth fixing device in a specific fixing position and secures it against spontaneous release, preferably comprises a locking means, in particular a row of teeth, a row of dimples or the like.
  • a locking means in particular a row of teeth, a row of dimples or the like.
  • one-sided locking means which allow movement in one direction from notch to notch with little resistance, but do not readily allow movement in the opposite direction, enable the depth fixing device to be easily inserted and/or moved into a position on the object to be transported.
  • the depth locking device prevents any unwanted movement of the object in the depth direction without the user having to activate a manual lock. This makes handling when stowing the object to be transported considerably easier. In particular when transporting large-format or bulky objects in an upright position, a state is quickly reached in which the object can no longer tip over or slip out of the receiving space.
  • the depth fixing device can also be achieved by guiding the depth fixing device on a guide device and in particular only being displaceable in the depth direction.
  • the guide device thus prevents the depth fixing device from being accidentally displaced in the vertical direction and/or in the lateral direction.
  • the guide device can have, for example, a profile rail and/or a corresponding groove, joint or the like, which interacts with a complementary device in the form of a coupling means on the side of the depth fixing device, for example a pin, a receptacle and/or a complementary groove.
  • a single depth fixing device may be sufficient to secure the object to be transported against unwanted slipping in the depth direction
  • a plurality of depth fixing devices is preferred.
  • the depth fixing devices can in principle be designed individually differently, for example if different areas of the object to be transported have different geometric requirements.
  • a design of the system in which at least several, preferably all, depth fixing devices are designed in the same way is particularly advantageous with regard to simplified handling. It is therefore not necessary to rely on the Correct allocation of a depth fixing device to a specific position of use must be ensured. Rather, if a plurality of depth fixing devices are designed in a similar way and are particularly interchangeable, any available depth fixing device can be easily grasped and used.
  • any depth fixing device for example the closest one, can simply be grasped and used. This further increases the safety and simplicity of using the system.
  • the depth fixing device has a release device for releasing the depth locking device, wherein the release device is secured against unintentional release and thus the depth locking device is secured against unwanted release by means of a plurality of safety devices.
  • a particularly effective type of safety device acts in such a way that a movement of a component, for example a locking means, is blocked, through which the component would come out of engagement with a complementary component, whereby the depth fixing device could again move without restriction.
  • At least one of the securing devices operates according to a positive and/or a non-positive principle.
  • a positive locking With a positive locking, the movement of a component is prevented particularly effectively as long as the securing device is not deactivated, i.e. the positive locking element has been brought out of engagement with a complementary receptacle.
  • a non-positive locking device can be deactivated comparatively easily in handling, in particular with one hand, by overcoming the holding force if designed accordingly. It goes without saying that both a non-positive and a positive locking securing device can easily be designed for one-handed operation.
  • a force-locking design it can be designed in particular so that no components have to be moved out of the movement path first, but that only a certain opposing force and/or a certain static friction has to be overcome in order to move the component in question.
  • the force required for this is preferably dimensioned such that it can be easily applied by a user when the system is used consciously, but the forces typically occurring during transport due to vibrations and accelerations do not exceed the corresponding force.
  • the force can also be adjustable.
  • the safety devices of the transport system according to the invention comprise a sliding bolt, in particular one subjected to a restoring force, a locking extension and/or a magnetic lock.
  • a combination of several of the aforementioned designs of the safety device implements different operating principles, so that the probability of failure of all safety devices is greatly reduced.
  • the handling of the system is further facilitated if at least one, preferably several, preferably all, safety devices are designed as integral components of the release device or vice versa.
  • the blocking component is directly connected to the component or even formed in one piece that must be moved or actuated in functional connection with the release device in order to deactivate or overcome the safety device and/or to unlock the depth locking device.
  • This can be implemented, for example, in the form of a sliding bolt that is spring-loaded in the direction of a locking position, but also has an extension, a recessed grip or the like in order to be easily moved out of the locking position by a user against the force acting from the return spring.
  • an integral design in the sense of the invention can also be understood as a multifunctionality of the relevant components, for example simultaneously as a handle and operating element for a safety device or the release device.
  • a locking means for example in the form of one or more rows of locking steps, a row of teeth or the like, which cooperates with the depth locking device to hold the depth fixing device in a fixing position, is preferably part of a guide device and/or is assigned to the guide device.
  • the compactness of the construction is thereby greatly increased, since the guide device This ultimately ensures that the movement of the depth fixing device in the vertical and/or lateral direction is limited and that unwanted movement in the depth direction, i.e. unwanted release of the depth fixing device from the fixing position, is prevented.
  • the aforementioned components can be provided directly adjacent to one another.
  • the surface of the guide rail can also have a row of locking steps, drill holes or the like, at least in some areas.
  • a combined release device in which several of the safety devices can be deactivated in a common operating step or movement.
  • the handling of the release device is preferably provided in such a way that simultaneous operation, i.e. in particular deactivation, of the safety devices is possible with one hand.
  • the operating means of the safety devices and/or the release device are preferably arranged so close to one another that they can be reached and operated without a user having to put down or move their hand.
  • the depth fixing device in particular the depth locking device, has a pivotable handle element, wherein the handle element comprises at least one safety device and/or at least one safety device is assigned to the handle element. It is therefore particularly easy for a user to grip, move and position the depth fixing device and at the same time activate or deactivate the safety device coupled to the handle element.
  • the safety device can be activated or deactivated in particular by the pivoting movement of the handle element.
  • the handle element or its pivoting arrangement thus simultaneously represents an operating means for the corresponding safety device.
  • a safety lug, a locking extension or the like can be provided, which, by coupling with the pivoting movement of the handle element, engages or disengages with a complementary receptacle and accordingly blocks the movement of another component.
  • the transport system preferably has a damping device.
  • the damping device is designed in particular to act in several spatial directions, i.e. to dampen forces from different spatial directions. This means that, for example, vibrations that are generally unavoidable during transport do not lead to critical accelerations of the object. Accelerations of a surrounding carrier, for example a transport cover or transport box containing the transport system according to the invention, are slowed down and do not act on the object to be transported with the same amount and/or in the same direction. The object is thus effectively protected from excessive mechanical stress, for example due to bending, torsion or other deformation, which would otherwise lead to damage or, in extreme cases, destruction of the object.
  • the damping device can have one or more damping elements.
  • the damping device as such and/or at least one damping element is preferably designed to be interchangeable. This makes it easy to adapt the damping behavior to different masses of different objects to be transported. In particular, by adapting the ratio of the damping capacity of the damping device to the total mass of the transport system with the transport object, resonance behavior can also be prevented at certain vibration frequencies, which can ultimately lead to particularly high vibration amplitudes and thus a strong mechanical load on the object and the transport system as such.
  • the object to be transported, but also the mechanics of the transport system as such, are additionally protected from excessive mechanical stress if the support frame and/or the components connected to the support frame, for example movable, transverse or vertical beams, are made of consist of a vibration-absorbing material or have such a vibration-absorbing material. Ash wood has proven to be particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • a reinforcing device and/or a material reinforcement in particular of the support frame, is preferably provided. This additionally increases the mechanical stability against deformation and the stability against external forces caused by vibrations or the like.
  • a transport arrangement also has its own inventive significance, wherein the transport arrangement comprises a transport box for accommodating a transport system and is combined according to the invention with a transport system in one of the embodiments described above.
  • the transport system is introduced into the transport box and is preferably connected to it in a fixed or detachable manner.
  • the aforementioned combination of a transport box with the transport system according to the invention can, on the one hand, provide a complete, integral transport solution for sensitive flat objects, for example paintings and/or painting frames.
  • the mechanical properties and the choice of material of the box on the one hand and the transport system on the other hand can be ideally coordinated with one another during production in order to achieve an optimal compromise between a lightweight construction, a high degree of protection for the object being transported and very simple handling of the system for the user.
  • the transport box can also have a reinforcement device and/or a material reinforcement in one or more contact areas where the transport system is in contact with the transport box and/or is connected. This further increases the mechanical stability. In particular, if the transport system as such is to be moved before the transport object is removed from the transport box, this handling step is made easier by reducing the weight if corresponding reinforcement devices are provided exclusively or at least partially on the side of the outer transport box.
  • the transport box can also have thermal and/or acoustic, i.e. in particular vibration-damping, insulation, which further increases the protection for the object inside.
  • the insulation can be provided over the entire surface, for example in the walls of the box, or it can only cover certain, particularly critical areas.
  • the transport box is preferably designed so that the interior is as dark as possible when closed. This keeps harmful UV components of the ambient light away from the transported object for the most part. Thermal radiation, which can also cause considerable damage to works of art if the intensity is too high or the exposure time is too long, can also be effectively excluded in this way. This also makes it easier to keep the temperature in the interior of the transport box as constant as possible and in particular to prevent it from heating up too much.
  • a coating can also be provided on the inner surface of the transport box, at least in some areas, which absorbs light to a high degree.
  • dark textile materials such as velvet are particularly suitable for reducing reflections of incoming light.
  • a roughened surface with a low degree of reflection in the interior is generally particularly advantageous for darkening.
  • the interior of the transport box can be insulated against moisture penetration.
  • a waterproof and/or water vapor-impermeable seal can be used for this purpose.
  • a moisture-binding material such as silica, is used. This has the advantage that even in the case of fluctuating temperatures in the interior of the box, the humidity is kept largely constant and, in particular, condensation does not occur on the transported object.
  • the insulation is designed to absorb and bind moisture and, in the case of low relative humidity in the interior, to release water vapor again, so that a constant humidity is maintained in the area surrounding the transported object.
  • a transport system 1 which is designed for receiving and transporting an at least substantially flat object 2.
  • the object 2 can be in particular a painting and/or a painting frame, but also in principle any other type of flat body, for example a window, a mirror, a panel or a table top.
  • the transport system 1 and the object 2 are mainly extended in two lateral spatial directions, namely a height direction and a side direction, which in the present case run perpendicular to each other and each in the image plane. Again perpendicular to the two aforementioned lateral spatial directions, there is a depth direction into the image plane.
  • a flat object 2 in the sense of the invention is therefore an object, which is comparatively extensive in one or two of the lateral spatial directions, while its extent in the depth direction is significantly smaller.
  • item 2 does not have to be as in the simplified representation of the Fig.1 have a substantially rectangular shape, but can also have a basic shape that differs from this in the sense of the invention.
  • the transport system 1 has a correspondingly adapted design for this purpose, if required, in particular with regard to the basic shape and/or the components described below for fixing the object 2.
  • the transport system 1 has a support frame 3, which provides the system with basic stability as an external support structure and also serves to be connected to or supported by an external carrier, in the present example a transport box 4.
  • the support frame 3 preferably has an at least substantially rectangular shape and has two side parts 5 and an upper and a lower crossbeam 6, wherein the adjacent side parts 5 and crossbeams 6 are connected to one another preferably at a right angle.
  • the support frame 3 carries a holding arrangement 7, which ultimately serves to hold the object 2.
  • a receiving area 8 is formed by the holding arrangement 7.
  • the object 2 is ultimately fixed in the receiving area 8 by various components or assemblies.
  • the fixation preferably takes place in all three mutually perpendicular spatial directions, ie height direction, side direction and depth direction.
  • a height fixing device 9 is used to fix the object 2 in a height direction
  • a side fixing device 10 is used to fix the object in a side direction perpendicular to the height direction
  • a depth fixing device 11 is used to fix the object in a depth direction perpendicular to the height direction and the side direction.
  • the height fixing device 9 comprises several components that ultimately work together to fix the object 2 in the height direction, i.e. to block its movement in the height direction.
  • the height fixing device 9 is formed by several components of the transport system 1. Specifically, a displaceably mounted horizontal beam 12 is provided, which in turn is displaceably mounted on the side parts 5 of the support frame 3 by means of tabs 13. Fixing angles 14 are also arranged on the horizontal beam 12, each of which has first contact surfaces 15 with which they can contact the object 2 in order to clamp it. In a corresponding manner, two further fixing angles 14 are also arranged on the lower crossbeam 6 of the support frame 3, which contact the object 2 from the underside.
  • the lower part of the height fixing device 9 i.e. in the present case the lower fixing angles 14, could also be arranged on a displaceably mounted horizontal beam 12.
  • the upper parts of the height fixing device 9 can also be arranged on the upper cross beam 6 of the support frame 3.
  • the first contact surface 15 in the present case has a padding 16.
  • the padding 16 can be made of an elastic and/or an at least partially plastically deformable material or can have such a material.
  • padding variants in the form of a fluid-filled cushion or the like are possible, with an air cushion, a gel cushion and/or a granulate-filled cushion being preferred.
  • a foam plate is particularly preferably used. Corresponding foam materials are available in different thicknesses and firmnesses or with different elasticity at a comparatively low cost.
  • a combination of different types of padding 16 within the scope of the transport system 1 according to the invention can also be provided in certain application situations, with padding variants being able to differ between different contact surfaces and also being able to be combined on a common surface, for example arranged in layers and/or being able to be of different types in certain areas.
  • a padding 16 can also have a certain surface relief for better attachment to the object 2.
  • the side fixing device 10 in the present case is also composed of a plurality of interacting components.
  • the fixing angles 14 are mounted on the horizontal beam 12, which can be moved in the height direction, or on a cross beam 6 of the support frame 3, so that they can be moved in the lateral direction, each of them by means of a corresponding rider 13.
  • the fixing angles 14 For contacting and thus for clamping the object 2 in the lateral direction, the fixing angles 14 have second contact surfaces 17, analogous to the first contact surfaces 15, which also preferably have or carry padding 16 in order not to come into direct contact with the object 2.
  • the above also applies to the preferred design of the padding 16 in the case of the side fixing device 10.
  • the fixing of the height fixing device 9 or the side fixing device 10 in a specific fixing position is effected in each case by a corresponding height locking device 18 or side locking device 19.
  • the height locking device 18 results from an interaction of the riders 13 of the height-adjustable horizontal beam 12 and the side parts 5 of the support frame 3 such that the rider 13 has a series of first receiving openings 20 in the form of through holes and corresponding second receiving openings, also in the form of through holes, in particular with at least substantially the same diameter as the first receiving openings 20, are provided in the side part 5.
  • a first receiving opening 20 and a second receiving opening 21 are now brought into overlap with one another by moving the horizontal bar 12 in such a way that a pin-shaped element, in the present case in the form of a ball locking pin 22, can be pushed through the resulting channel through the rider 13 and the side part 5 of the support frame 3, as shown in the representation cut along section plane A according to Fig.2 shown.
  • a ball locking pin 22 a simple pin, another type of locking pin and/or a locking split pin can also be used in a corresponding manner.
  • the height locking device 18 and/or the side locking device 19 can be designed, as in the present example, to fix the height fixing device 9 or the side fixing device 10 in fixing positions that are spaced closer to each other than the minimum distance between two adjacent first receiving openings 20 or second receiving openings 21.
  • both the rider 13 and the supporting elements i.e. in the present case the side parts 5 and the lower crossbeam 6 of the support frame 3 as well as the displaceably mounted horizontal beam 12, each have a plurality of first receiving openings 20 and second receiving openings 21, in particular arranged in a row.
  • the distance, in particular the average distance, between two adjacent first receiving openings 20 differs from the distance, in particular the average distance, between two adjacent second receiving openings 21.
  • the rider 13 is positioned in such a way that one of its first receiving openings 20 is brought into overlap with an underlying second receiving opening 21 of the supporting element, a correspondingly complete overlap of the adjacent first receiving openings 20 with the underlying second receiving openings 21 is preferably not given.
  • the ratio of the distance between the first receiving openings 20 and the distance between the second receiving openings 21 is preferably not an integer, since in this case an overlapping position of adjacent first receiving openings 20 with second receiving openings 21 located underneath would always result (or vice versa), whereby one or more second (or first) receiving openings would possibly be skipped.
  • a non-integer ratio it is possible to move the slider 13 or a corresponding element with which the height fixing device 9 or the side fixing device 10 is mounted only so far that a different first receiving opening 20 than before overlaps with a different second receiving opening 20.
  • the previously used first receiving opening 20 is then in particular no longer overlapped with one of the second receiving openings 21.
  • the number of first receiving openings 20 and the selection of a specific distance ratio of the first receiving openings 20 to the second receiving openings 21 according to the principle of a vernier caliper can achieve an almost arbitrarily fine quantization of the fixing positions to be achieved, i.e. the positions in which the height locking device 18 and/or the side locking device 19 can fix the mechanism.
  • the minimum adjustable distance between two adjacent fixing positions is preferably less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, particularly preferably less than 2.5 mm, in particular 2 mm, even if the minimum distance between two adjacent first receiving openings 20 and/or second receiving openings 21 should be significantly larger due to the material or manufacturing process.
  • Different pairs of adjacent first receiving openings 20 and/or adjacent second receiving openings 21 can also each have different distances from one another.
  • the quantization of the fixing positions to be achieved can be designed to be particularly fine-grained or complex, depending on the application.
  • the relative arrangement of the first receiving openings 20 and the second receiving openings 21 is shown as a cross-sectional illustration by way of example in Fig.2 shown.
  • the lowest first receiving opening 20 of the slider 13 in the illustration overlaps with a second receiving opening 21 of the side part 5 of the support frame 3 in such a way that a continuous channel is created.
  • the slider 13 is blocked against further displacement by means of a ball locking pin 22 inserted into the channel.
  • the ball locking pin 22 can have a commercially available design with one or more radially projecting locking elements 23 at an end of the ball locking pin 22 that projects beyond the rear opening and a push button 24 arranged at the opposite end, by the actuation of which an internal mechanism of the ball locking pin 22, not shown in detail here, causes a radial retraction of the locking elements 23, so that the ball locking pin 22 can be pulled out of the channel.
  • the support frame 3 preferably consists of a vibration-absorbing material or has such a material.
  • Ash wood for example, is particularly suitable here.
  • other materials for example metals, in particular light metals, plastics, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastics and/or other composite materials as well as any combination of materials can also be used.
  • materials that are suitable for use in 3D printing for example PET, PLA and/or ABS, can be used to quickly and easily produce various components, so that the overall construction can be adapted quickly and inexpensively to different application situations. This applies in particular to those Components that must be manufactured individually depending on the shape of the object 2 to be transported in order to ensure a good fit of the transport system 1.
  • the transport system 1 in the embodiment shown here has a damping device 25 with a plurality of damper elements 26.
  • An exemplary arrangement of the damper elements 26 is shown in the cross-sectional illustration according to Fig.3 shown.
  • the damper elements 26 are aligned in different ways depending on their position relative to the support frame 3 or in relation to the overall extent of the transport system 1.
  • two damper elements 26 in the form of cylindrical buffers are aligned in such a way that when the transport system 1 is transported upright, the damper elements 26 are each compressed in the axial direction as a result of gravity. Shocks of the entire package in the vertical direction or corresponding vibrations, ie in particular sudden and/or periodic accelerations of the package in the vertical direction, are thus mitigated by the lower damper elements 26.
  • damper elements 26 also of a cylindrical structure, are arranged in such a way that they are axially compressed in the depth direction when the package is accelerated transversely, so that corresponding accelerations are only transmitted to the support frame 3 or, as a result, to the object 2 to a lesser extent.
  • damper elements 26 a larger or smaller number of vibration dampers or damper elements 26 and a different positioning and/or orientation of the damper elements 26 depending on the application as well as a nature of the damper elements 26 that differs from the exemplary representation, in particular with regard to size, natural resonance frequency and/or shape, for example ring-shaped and/or cuboid-shaped, can also be provided.
  • suitable damper elements 26 with polyurethane, for example, being preferred in view of its low density and high mechanical stability.
  • additional damping can also be achieved in the lateral direction in particular by appropriately arranged damper elements 26.
  • At least part of the damping device 25 or individual or all damping elements 26 are preferably designed to be exchangeable with little effort.
  • the damping device 25 can be adapted in particular to objects 2 with different weights without having to completely redesign essential parts of the transport system 1.
  • the damper elements 26 are designed in such a way that they do not only have a damping effect in one spatial direction.
  • the cylindrical damper elements 26 are not only able to be axially compressed or stretched, for example. Rather, they have an elastic material such that they can also be deformed in accordance with the forces that occur and thus dampen them against the support frame 3 or the object 2. With a view to a design that is as light as possible, it is then possible to equip the damping device 25 with a comparatively small number of damper elements 26 and still ensure sufficient damping behavior in all spatial directions.
  • the damper elements 26 of the damping device 25 are coupled to reinforcing devices 27.
  • the reinforcing devices 27 serve in particular to increase the stability in those areas of the transport system 1 or the support frame 3 which are used for coupling to an external carrier, for example a transport box 4.
  • the damper elements 26 can be arranged in particular between the support frame 3 and the reinforcing device 27 or can be indirectly coupled to the support frame 3 via the reinforcing device 27 and exert their damping effect against an external transport box 4 or the like.
  • the depth fixing devices 11 shown each comprise a support plate 28 which has a padding 16 on the surface facing the object 2.
  • the preferred design variants described above in relation to the height fixing device 9 or side fixing device 10 are also applicable.
  • the support plate 28 has an at least essentially triangular basic shape. It can therefore be positioned in a fixing angle 14 in a simple manner and with little play.
  • the triangular shape prevents the support plate 28 from extending unnecessarily in the direction of the receiving area 8, i.e. away from the fixing angle 14. This saves additional material and thus transport weight.
  • a depth fixing device 11 can also be arranged at other positions relative to the object 2 than in Fig.1 shown.
  • the depth fixing devices 11 are preferably, as shown in the present embodiment, limited in their freedom of movement to the depth direction and thus protected against displacement in the vertical direction and/or lateral direction. In particular, an unintentional release from their fixing position in which they fix the object 2 in the depth direction is thus effectively prevented.
  • a guide device 29 with one guide rail per lateral spatial direction is provided on the side of the fixing angle 14.
  • the depth fixing device 11 has corresponding coupling means 30 in the form of grooves complementary to the guide rails.
  • the depth fixing devices 11 of the transport system 1 of Fig.1 are each designed to be similar to one another and are therefore particularly interchangeable.
  • the depth fixing devices 11 are designed to be detachable or removable from the rest of the transport system 1. They can therefore be manufactured and stored as separate components. In this way, a system of several depth fixing devices 11 of different designs can be kept ready, which can be selected and used in a modular manner depending on the application.
  • the depth fixing device 11 is secured against unwanted movement, in particular against pulling out of a fixing position, by means of a depth locking device 31 in the depth direction.
  • a preferred embodiment of the depth locking device 31 is shown by way of example in the Fig. 4A and 4B shown. In the illustration from Fig. 4B opposite Fig. 4A a cover plate 32 is removed to make the underlying components easier to see.
  • the depth locking device 31 blocks the movement of the depth locking device 11 in a form-fitting manner. Alternatively or additionally, however, this can also be done in particular according to a force-fitting or friction-fitting principle.
  • the depth locking device 31 has a locking means 33, preferably in the form of a row of teeth, in particular with an asymmetrical tooth profile.
  • a single locking lug can also be provided.
  • a row of several locking teeth has a higher level of security against failure of the locking effect due to the redundancy of the locking connection.
  • the locking means 33 engages in a complementary locking means 34 in the form of a row of locking steps, a toothed rail or the like.
  • the locking means 34 can basically have a shape that is the same or similar to the locking means 33, for example in the form of teeth with an asymmetrical structure, but can also be different in shape, size and orientation. Due to the interaction of the locking means 33 and the locking means 34, the movement of the depth fixing device 11 in the direction away from the object 2 is preferably completely blocked, while a movement in the opposite direction, i.e. towards the object 2, is only opposed by a certain resistance.
  • the resistance to movement in the depth direction can preferably be selected or adjusted by the interacting locking means 33 and/or locking means 34. This is done in particular via the angle of the inclined surfaces of a row of teeth or row of locking steps, i.e. generally by selecting the nature of the teeth.
  • the embodiment shown thus has the advantage that the depth fixing device 11 can be pushed in without great effort until it rests against the object 2 when inserted to fix the object 2, without special care having to be taken to ensure that the depth fixing device 11 itself is fixed in a certain fixing position, i.e. in particular when in contact with the object 2 or when a certain contact pressure is reached against the object 2, and is secured against being released again.
  • a plurality of locking means 34 or a locking means 34 having several rows of locking steps, toothed rails or the like is provided for each depth locking device 31.
  • the rows of locking steps are arranged at a right angle to one another and positioned at the point where the first contact surface 15 and the second contact surface 17 of a fixing angle 14 meet.
  • the locking means 33 is preferably designed to interact simultaneously with several, preferably all, complementary locking means 34 or locking means components assigned to it.
  • the teeth of the locking means can be provided, for example, on several outer surfaces of a component of the depth locking device 31 that run at an angle to one another and/or are curved.
  • the guide device 29 is assigned to the locking means 34 in such a way that a profile rail runs adjacent to the row of locking steps into which the row of teeth of the depth locking device 31 engages.
  • the row of teeth as locking means 33 is accordingly also arranged adjacent to a coupling means 30 in the form of a groove running in the depth direction.
  • the guide device 29 can also be coupled to the locking means 34 or have the locking means 34 or vice versa.
  • the profile rail can have a row of locking steps or the like on one or more of its surfaces. The same applies to the locking means 33 and the coupling means 30 of the depth locking device 31 or depth fixing device 11. The degree of integration of the depth locking device 31 can thus be further increased, so that a particularly compact design of the depth fixing device 11 and the transport system 1 as a whole is supported.
  • the locking means 33 is arranged at a front end of a sliding bolt 35.
  • the locking means 33 can be attached as a separate component or can be formed in one piece, in particular as a toothing, with the sliding bolt 35 and/or another part of the depth locking device 31.
  • a knob 36 is provided in the present case, which can be moved by a user with the finger, preferably the thumb, so that the sliding bolt 35 is moved in its longitudinal direction, i.e. in particular out of its locking position.
  • the locking means 33 comes out of engagement with the complementary locking means 34, i.e. the locking effect of the depth locking device 31 is canceled.
  • the sliding bolt 35 in particular together with the knob 36, represents a release device for the depth locking device 31.
  • the sliding bolt 35 can also have another device which facilitates the movement of the sliding bolt 35 in the form of a relief as a starting point for a finger. This includes, for example, a finger recess, a roughened surface or the like.
  • the sliding bolt 35 is subjected to a restoring force which counteracts an independent movement of the sliding bolt 35 from a blocking locking position in which the depth fixing device 11 is fixed in the depth direction by the depth locking device 31.
  • the restoring force is thus in particular part of a safety device of the release device or is caused by a corresponding safety device.
  • a safety device in the sense of the present invention prevents an independent and unintentional release of the depth locking device 31 and thus the loss of the fixing effect of the depth fixing device 11.
  • Such a safety device must therefore first be deactivated or overcome by the user in order to actuate the release device and thus enable the blocking effect of the depth locking device 31 to be canceled.
  • the depth locking device 31 has a plurality of such safety devices, each of which is assigned to the release device.
  • the redundant design in this respect is therefore not susceptible to a total failure if a single safety device is accidentally deactivated.
  • the depth locking device 31 can only be released when all of the safety devices provided have been deactivated or overcome.
  • the safety devices can act in parallel and, in particular, independently of one another. Alternatively or additionally, a cascaded arrangement of all or at least some of the safety devices can also be provided. In the latter case, the deactivation of a safety device is therefore first required before a downstream safety device can be deactivated.
  • the safety devices in the sense of the present invention can act in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner.
  • the movement of a blocking component out of the path of movement of another component is particularly necessary in order to deactivate the safety device.
  • a safety device can be designed in such a way that a restoring force must be overcome in order to deactivate the safety device permanently or temporarily, i.e. only while a counterforce exceeding the restoring force acts.
  • deactivation or overcoming of a security device within the meaning of the invention is understood to mean the permanent or temporary transfer of the security device from a locked state to an open state. This is particularly associated with one or more components being moved from a locked position to an unlocked position.
  • the restoring force can be as in Fig. 4B shown by means of a return spring 37, in particular a helical spring, leaf spring and/or spiral spring.
  • a return spring 37 in particular a helical spring, leaf spring and/or spiral spring.
  • another means can also be provided for this purpose, for example a block made of an elastically deformable material, in particular a plastic, a compressible gas volume and/or an arrangement of magnets each with opposite polarity.
  • the depth locking device 31 has a particularly pivotable handle element 38.
  • a securing device for the release device is also coupled to the handle element 38.
  • the handle element 38 has a locking extension 40 in the area of one or more pivot bearings 39, which is designed to engage in a complementary recess 41, for example a groove, of the sliding bolt 35.
  • the handle element 38 is shown in a partially pivoted state, which corresponds to a half-secured state of the depth locking device 31 corresponds.
  • the locking extension 40 projects into the recess 41 and thus prevents the longitudinal displacement of the sliding bolt 35, even if a counterforce exceeding the restoring force is exerted on the sliding bolt 35 via the knob 36 against the restoring spring 37. If the handle element 38 is pivoted in the direction of a position protruding from the cover plate 32, the locking extension 40 is moved out of the recess 41, in particular pivoted out or pulled out, so that a movement of the sliding bolt 35 is made possible.
  • the pivot angle at which the locking extension 40 completely emerges from the recess 41 and thus the safety device is deactivated can be selected differently. In particular, this is only the case at a comparatively large pivot angle compared to the fully pivoted position, i.e. in particular between the handle element 38 and the cover plate 32.
  • the angle is preferably at least 45°, preferably at least 60°, more preferably at least 70°, particularly preferably about 90°.
  • the magnetic closure 42 comprises at least one magnet 43, which interacts in an attractive manner with a ferromagnetic component, for example a screw, screw rivet, a metal surface or the like.
  • two complementary magnets 43 are provided, which are arranged in such a way that they lie against one another or at least occupy a very small distance from one another when the handle element 38 is pivoted. In this position, there is a comparatively large force of attraction between the different poles of the magnets 43 facing one another. This force of attraction must first be overcome in order to release the handle element 38 from the locking position on the cover plate 32 and pivot it into the protruding unlocking position.
  • the magnets 43 are designed in particular as permanent magnets, preferably comprising neodymium. Alternatively or additionally, however, a design with electromagnets or a combined embodiment can also be provided.
  • a total of three successive safety devices are provided, each of which is operated in a specific sequence must be overcome or deactivated in order to ultimately release the depth locking device 31 by means of the release device and to be able to move the depth fixing device 11.
  • a magnetic force of the magnetic lock 42 (first securing device) must first be overcome in order to pivot the handle element 38 away from the cover plate 32 and thus move the locking extension 40 out of the recess 41 of the sliding bolt 35 (second securing device).
  • the restoring force of the restoring spring 37 (third securing device) must then also be overcome in order to ultimately move the sliding bolt 35 so that the locking means 33 comes out of engagement with the complementary locking means 34, so that the depth locking device 31 is released and the depth fixing device can be released or moved away from the object 2 in the depth direction.
  • the embodiment shown here as an example also shows the preferred design of the depth locking device 31, in which the release device can be operated together with the safety devices with one hand. It is therefore comparatively easy for a user to deactivate the safety devices in the required sequence in a movement, while the safety devices remain locked individually and in particular in combination with a high degree of security during the transport of the object 2 due to vibrations or other accelerations, without deactivating themselves.
  • the safety devices are functionally integrally connected to the release device, i.e. components assigned to a safety device are also part of the release device and/or are operatively connected to the release device and/or are arranged in spatial proximity to components of the release device in such a way that they can be reached or operated without a user having to change their grip or otherwise significantly reposition their hand, so that the corresponding safety device can be deactivated.
  • the depth locking device 31 preferably consists of a plastic material, in particular PLA, or has such a material.
  • the material of the depth locking device 31 or one or more components of the depth locking device 31 is also preferably suitable for being processed using a 3D printing process.
  • the depth locking device 31 as a whole or its relevant parts can thus be produced flexibly and quickly in small to large quantities with little effort. Furthermore, it is possible to react spontaneously to different application situations and to adapt the transport system 1 according to the invention to the corresponding requirements.
  • the transport system 1 and the surrounding transport box 4 together form a transport arrangement 44 according to the invention.
  • the transport system 1 is arranged at least substantially within the transport box 4 and is preferably connected to it, in particular screwed and/or glued, or clamped or jammed in the transport box 4.
  • the body of the transport box 4 can basically be made of different materials or have different, in particular multiple materials.
  • extremely light Kiri wood can be used, which is very suitable for the production of strips and similar components due to its material properties.
  • An outer shell of the transport box 4 can also be constructed, for example, from stable, but as light as possible plywood panels, in particular made of poplar wood or with a poplar wood content.
  • the transport box 4 can also have one or more reinforced areas.
  • reinforcement devices 27 can also be provided there and/or the areas in question have an increased material thickness.
  • An alternative material with higher strength or structural stability, toughness and/or an elastic material can also be used in the relevant places. This takes place in particular in the form of a lining of the transport box 4 and/or in that the material in question forms the reinforced area of the transport box 4 itself.
  • the transport box (4) is in particular equipped with an insulating layer, which is not described in detail in Fig.1
  • This can be a thermal and/or acoustic, ie particularly vibration-damping, insulation.
  • the insulation can be designed to reduce the illuminance in the interior and/or to regulate the relative humidity.
  • a Appropriate insulating material can be integrated into the wall of the outer shell and/or attached to surfaces on the inside and/or outside. Renewable raw materials, such as hemp, jute or combinations of these, are particularly suitable as insulating material.
  • other insulating materials can also be used, such as foam bodies, particularly made of polystyrene or polyurethane, and/or vacuum insulation panels (VIPs).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
EP23156773.6A 2022-10-31 2023-02-15 Système de transport et ensemble de transport Pending EP4361060A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22204831 2022-10-31

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EP4361060A1 true EP4361060A1 (fr) 2024-05-01

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EP (1) EP4361060A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1653657A (en) * 1925-02-28 1927-12-27 Pretsch Elise Bed table
GB620177A (en) * 1946-11-28 1949-03-21 Ronald David Hallett Improvements in adjustable props
CN208022111U (zh) * 2018-02-06 2018-10-30 南昌工学院 一种绘画类艺术品专用包装箱
DE202020103635U1 (de) * 2020-05-18 2020-07-03 Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte Gmbh Haltesystem und Transportsystem
EP3988472A1 (fr) * 2020-10-23 2022-04-27 Turtle B.V. Support pour uvre d'art

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1653657A (en) * 1925-02-28 1927-12-27 Pretsch Elise Bed table
GB620177A (en) * 1946-11-28 1949-03-21 Ronald David Hallett Improvements in adjustable props
CN208022111U (zh) * 2018-02-06 2018-10-30 南昌工学院 一种绘画类艺术品专用包装箱
DE202020103635U1 (de) * 2020-05-18 2020-07-03 Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte Gmbh Haltesystem und Transportsystem
EP3988472A1 (fr) * 2020-10-23 2022-04-27 Turtle B.V. Support pour uvre d'art

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