EP4355943A1 - Tissu ignifuge comprenant une alternative au coton - Google Patents
Tissu ignifuge comprenant une alternative au cotonInfo
- Publication number
- EP4355943A1 EP4355943A1 EP22729249.7A EP22729249A EP4355943A1 EP 4355943 A1 EP4355943 A1 EP 4355943A1 EP 22729249 A EP22729249 A EP 22729249A EP 4355943 A1 EP4355943 A1 EP 4355943A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- fibres
- lyocell
- treatment
- yarns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003440 anti-fibrillation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZEYUSQVGRCPBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound OCN1C(O)C(O)N(CO)C1=O ZEYUSQVGRCPBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009992 mercerising Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- FJQXCDYVZAHXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methadone hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(C)N(C)C)(C(=O)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 FJQXCDYVZAHXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- BSBSDQUZDZXGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cythioate Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 BSBSDQUZDZXGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CLNYPSIJBWKTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)C(C)P(O)(O)=O CLNYPSIJBWKTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDXHAEQXIBQUEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ropinirole hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.CCCN(CCC)CCC1=CC=CC2=C1CC(=O)N2 XDXHAEQXIBQUEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PPBYBJMAAYETEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;formaldehyde;urea Chemical compound C=C.O=C.NC(N)=O PPBYBJMAAYETEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLJCASIJYWQRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;prop-1-ene;urea Chemical compound O=C.CC=C.NC(N)=O CPLJCASIJYWQRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 flame-retardant compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013501 sustainable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/285—Phosphines; Phosphine oxides; Phosphine sulfides; Phosphinic or phosphinous acids or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/225—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
- D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/44—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen and phosphorus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
- D06M15/43—Amino-aldehyde resins modified by phosphorus compounds
- D06M15/431—Amino-aldehyde resins modified by phosphorus compounds by phosphines or phosphine oxides; by oxides or salts of the phosphonium radical
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/35—Abrasion, pilling or fibrillation resistance
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
- D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat and flame retardant fabric as well as a method of making the same.
- the fabric comprises a cellulose-based cotton alternative having heat and flame retardant properties.
- Said garments must pass minimum thermal performance requirements such as flame- and/or heat-retardance, resistance to molten metal, electric arc resistance, low percentage of (estimated) body burns in thermal manikin testing, limited after flame time and high resilience against combustion, as well as protection against radiant heat.
- the garment provides adequate comfort, for instance by allowing vapour to be transported away from the body and ensuring that the garment is not too stiff. Also the garment must be durable in the sense that the above disclosed parameters last at least for the intended or certified lifetime of the product. This may be defined by a number of wash cycles.
- the garment must be printable or dyeable with a durable result such that, for instance, the garment can be dyed to increase visibility.
- An often used standard for performance requirements for heat and flame retardant clothing made from flexible materials is ISO 11612.
- a known treatment for rendering cellulosic fibres or textile articles comprising cellulosic fibres flame retardant is the Proban® treatment.
- This treatment comprises padding a textile article with an aqueous solution comprising tetrakishydroxyalkylphosphonium (THP) salt which is pre-reacted with urea and pH adjusted to 5-8.
- THP does not react substantially with the cellulosic fibre, nor does it substantially react with the textile article comprising said fibre, but instead forms an enveloping network around and/or throughout the molecular structure of the cellulosic fibre.
- the Proban® treatment is a non-cellulose-reactive treatment which means that there is substantially no chemical reaction between the THP and the cellulosic fibre.
- Alternative non-cellulose-reactive treatments to Proban and THP may achieve the same effects.
- An alternative flame-retardant treatment is a treatment with a N-methylol phosphonate compound, such as N-methylol dialkyl phosphonopropionamide.
- a N-methylol phosphonate compound such as N-methylol dialkyl phosphonopropionamide.
- Commercially such treatments are offered under the brands Pyrovatex® CP and Aflammit® KWB.
- the flame-retardant compound is grafted onto the cellulose by a reaction on the C(6) hydroxyl group of the cellulose resulting in grafted protective phosphonopropionamide molecules on the outside of the cellulose fibre.
- This is therefore an example of a cellulose-reactive, phosphorous-comprising compound as there is a reaction between the cellulose and the phosphorous comprising compound.
- the Pyrovatex treatment thus has a fundamentally different chemistry and mechanism to the Proban process.
- fibres that are inherently flame retardant by their nature and do not require treatment in order to achieve this retardancy are inherently flame retardant by their nature and do not require treatment in order to achieve this retardancy.
- Such fibres including para- aramid and meta-aramid fibres, PPS, PBO and PBI may be referred to as flame resistant fibres.
- Other flame resistant fibres that are inherently flame retardant include fibres that are extruded from a fibre spin dope to which flame retardant additives have been added before spinning e.g as a masterbatch.
- the resulting fibres include FR Lyocell, Modacrylic, FR polyester and FR polyamide FR.
- flame retardant (FR) is used to refer to fibres that are treated to render them flame retardant as opposed to those with inherent flame retardant properties.
- lyocell One cotton alternative made from responsibly-sourced wood-chip cellulose is lyocell. This is a material similar to rayon but without the disadvantages of the viscose process. It also has a considerably lower , water footprint than cotton, using up to 95% less water. As yet however, it has not been possible to adequately substitute lyocell for cotton where flame retardancy is required in combination with durability and other workwear requirements. In particular, the tendency of lyocell to fibrillate has been seen as a major drawback.
- a flame retardant (FR) treated fabric comprising yarns formed from a mixture of natural and/or synthetic fibres, the fabric further comprising FR treated lyocell fibres, wherein the FR treatment is a non- cellulose-reactive FR treatment and the FR treated lyocell fibres are rendered low- fibrillating.
- FR treatment is a non- cellulose-reactive FR treatment and the FR treated lyocell fibres are rendered low- fibrillating.
- lyocell is used to denote artificial, cellulose- based cotton alternatives. In particular, these may denote cellulosic fibre obtained by an organic solvent spinning process although the present invention may also be applicable to some cellulosic fibres obtained by the viscose process.
- lyocell such as the Tencell ® product available from Lenzing AG is well known, other similar cellulose-based cotton alternatives are available and may be equally applicable.
- the lyocell may be present in the form of short staple fibres, long staple fibre or as filaments or ribbons.
- reference to natural and synthetic fibres is intended to exclude the lyocell fibres i.e. these are in addition to the lyocell.
- any amount of lyocell may be present. In particular, from 1 - 99 wt% lyocell may be present, preferably from 10- 70 wt %, more preferably from 15 - 50 wt % lyocell or from 20 to 35 wt% lyocell.
- lyocell is prone to fibrillation. It is also understood that lyocell has reduced tensile strength when it has absorbed water i.e. in the wet fabric state. As a result of investigation in the context of the present invention, it has also been revealed that the fibrillation is further exacerbated by carrying out THP type FR treatments. In the wet state, water can penetrate into the lyocell fibrillar bundles, causing exposure of fibrils at the fibre surface. The rate of fibrillation increases with increased pH and increased temperature as experienced during conventional FR treatments. Unlike cotton, lyocell does not naturally cross-link and it is therefore desirable to provide a finish that at least partially compensates for the increased fibrillation.
- fibrils are at least partially held together by hydrogen bonding between neighbouring fibrils.
- a reduction in the degree of hydrogen bonding e.g. in the presence of water or as a result of certain treatments can lead to increased fibrillation.
- An anti-fibrillation finish can be performed on the fabric by application of suitable additives.
- the additive is a substance that reacts with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose to stabilise the fibrils. This may be either by increasing the presence of hydrogen bonding or by the formation of covalent bonds, whereby improved cross- linking of the fibrils is achieved.
- Additives that cross-link by formation of covalent bonds to the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose material may be referred to as reactant resins, thermosetting resins or easy-care finishes.
- Reactant resins include ethylene urea formaldehyde, propylene urea formaldehyde, methylated uron formaldehyde and Dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) modified resin.
- DMDHEU Dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea
- low-fibrillating may be determined qualitatively, by the presence of cross-linking to the hydroxyl groups of the lyocell. Alternatively, it may be determined experimentally e.g. by the pilling, abrasion, colour retention or other tests defined below
- the natural fibres comprise FR cotton.
- the fabric may have the general feel of a cotton fabric whereby a portion of the cotton has been replaced by the lyocell alternative. Up to around 50% of the cotton may be replaced without significantly affecting the overall performance of the fabric. Nevertheless, the softness of the fabric increases significantly and is generally experienced as very comfortable in use.
- an amount of a stronger fibre such as a synthetic fibre may be required to offset the loss in certain properties or otherwise complement the lyocell.
- lyocell generally has slightly lower wet strength than cotton but is significantly reduced in strength after THP processing. Therefore polyester may be added to the fibre blend to compensate.
- the synthetic fibres comprise polyester.
- Other synthetic fibres such as polyamides oraramids may also be contemplated and it is not excluded that additional small volumes of high-performance synthetic fibres may be included.
- the synthetic fibres comprise recycled polyester.
- One preferred source of recycled polyester is Repreve ® from Unifi Inc, which is a mechanically recycled polyester. Chemically recycled polyester may also be used. Recycled polyester has many appealing advantages such as having energy consumption reduction by 45% in comparison to virgin polyester; water consumption reduction nearly 20% in comparison to virgin polyester; and greenhouse gas emission reduction of over 30% in comparison to virgin polyester.
- Recycled polyester has excellent strength properties and adds durability, although it does not respond to many FR treatments.
- the synthetic fibres may be present in various forms including short staple fibres, long staple fibres and filaments.
- a woven fabric is preferred.
- the woven fabric may have any appropriate construction, being formed from warp and weft yarns in a chosen weave or pattern. The yarns in both the warp and the weft may all be the same or may be different in terms of their composition, weight etc.
- Each yarn may be a spun yarn.
- a spun yarn is understood to comprise an intimate blend of the constituent fibres.
- a number of ends of yarns may be twisted together to form a ply.
- a ply may also be formed by twisting a spun fibre with one or more filaments.
- the lyocell fibres may be present in the warp yarns only.
- the lyocell may be reinforced by the presence of synthetic fibres also blended into the warp yarn.
- the warp yarns comprise lyocell fibres, synthetic fibres and natural fibres.
- the blend may thus be of lyocell, cotton and polyester staple fibres, which together make up at least 95% of the warp.
- as much as 50% of the warp yarn may comprise lyocell with equal amounts of cotton and polyester accounting for the remainder.
- they may preferably be present in the warp in a wt % ratio of around 50/25/25 respectively.
- an increase in usage of lyocell requires a commensurate increase in the amount of stronger synthetic fibre required for compensating for loss in strength of the lyocell (especially after being subjected to FR treatment).
- the synthetic fibre is then present in the yarn direction corresponding to the increased lyocell.
- the total amount of the synthetic fibre that can be introduced will depend on the degree of FR treatment of the natural fibre and the lyocell. For reasons that are explained further below, a limited degree of FR treatment may be preferred in order to avoid excess fibrillation. As such, the overall amount of non-FR synthetic fibre that can be present in the mix may be limited. For this reason, the above 50/25/25 mix in the warp has been found rather suitable and obvious variants thereof will achieve the same advantageous effect.
- polyester up to 50 wt% polyester may be present in the overall fabric.
- other fibres such as polyamide, up to 20 wt% may be present.
- Alternative fibre proportions that remain below the upper limits for compatibility with THP FR treatment, may be chosen depending on the end-use and also fall within the scope of the current application. For example, to provide desired strength to softness to colour retention ratios, or to contain greater amounts of green fibres.
- the weft yarn may comprise a preponderance of natural fibres, preferably between 70 wt % and 95 wt % of natural fibres, in particular cotton.
- the fabric may be woven as a twill weave, preferably a 2/1 twill. Satin weaves may also be used, where it is desired to provide a particular drape or ensure that certain yarns are exclusively provided to one face or the other.
- the fabric may also be a double-cloth having distinct properties of the respective front and back cloths, a two faced fabric, or a fabric with two identical faces.
- the fabric comprises an anti fibrillation finish to prevent the lyocell from fibrillating.
- lyocell does not naturally cross-link and it is therefore desirable to provide a finish that at least partially compensated for the increased fibrillation.
- the non-fibrillating finish is detrimental to the application of the flame retardant treatment to the lyocell fibres.
- the anti-fibrillating resin finish may be applied subsequently to the FR treatment. It has however also been found that the FR treatment may itself have a subsequent negative effect on the anti-fibrillating finishing process. This is believed to be due to steric hindrance of the hydroxyl groups as a result of the THP treatment. According to an aspect of the invention the degree of FR treatment is kept to a minimum. In this context, the amount of phosphor in the final fabric may be kept to below 2.5 wt%, preferably below 2.4 wt % or even below 2.2 wt %.
- the fabric further comprises a water and/or oil repellent finish.
- Suitable finishes include conventional PFAS (perfluorinated alkylated substances) finishes such as PTFE, Teflon® and the like.
- PFAS perfluorinated alkylated substances
- the fabric of the current disclosure may also be made with a PFAS-free finish, thereby being further eco- friendly.
- the fabric may also include other fibres or yarns for specific technical purposes.
- antistatic fibres may be included either as fibres in the blend or as separate antistatic yarns or filaments.
- the fabric may comprise antistatic fibres or filaments in an amount of between 0.2 wt % and 3 wt %. In the case that antistatic staple filaments are used, an amount of as much as 5 wt% may be required, depending on whether the antistatic fibres are distributed or localised.
- An exemplary fabric according to the invention may comprise in the warp: 40 - 60 wt %, preferably around 50 wt % lyocell,
- the fabric is desirably durable to laundering at least 50x according to ISO
- the fabric should preferably also exhibit fabric abrasion resistance to more than 15 000 cycles, preferably more than 20 000 cycles according to the Martindale Method and fulfilling ISO 12947-2 for an applied force of 12KPa.
- the non-cellulose-reactive treatment may be any suitable such treatment, preferably based on a THP salt such as the Proban ® treatment.
- the invention also relates to a method of producing a heat and flame retardant fabric comprising a mixture of natural and/or synthetic fibres and lyocell fibres having accessible hydroxyl groups, the method comprising first subjecting the fabric to a non-cellulose-reactive FR treatment and subsequently finishing the fabric by application of a resin to stabilise fibrillation of the lyocell.
- the term ‘accessible hydroxyl groups’ is intended to refer to the fact that the lyocell fibres are not treated with an anti-fibrillation additive such as a cross-linking resin. According to the present invention, it has been shown that the presence of such additives prior to the FR treatment can reduce the efficacy of the treatment. For this reason, it is desirable that the FR treatment is carried out on fabric where the lyocell fibres provided in the yarns are not yet stabilised against fibrillation by a treatment that can occupy the hydroxyl groups.
- the fabric Prior to the FR treatment, the fabric may be pre-treated by one or more of processes selected from the group: desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerising, dying, including reactive and non-reactive dyes.
- the fabric may be any suitable fabric, including a woven or a knitted fabric and the method may include first constructing the fabric from the individual yarns, prior to carrying out the FR treatment.
- Constructing the fabric may comprise weaving the yarns with a warp and a weft, preferably in a twill weave.
- the lyocell is present in the yarns in the warp direction only.
- Finishing the fabric by application of a resin may comprise the use of any appropriate chemistry for preventing fibrillation.
- the resin is a substance that reacts with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose to stabilise the fibrils.
- Such resins may be referred to as reactant resins, thermosetting resins or easy-care finishes.
- Reactant resins include ethylene urea formaldehyde, propylene urea formaldehyde, methylated uron formaldehyde and Dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) modified resin.
- DMDHEU Dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea
- the finishing step may be completed by cross-linking of the resin, e.g. by the application of heat.
- Finishing may further comprise a water and/or oil repellent treatment, preferably provided in a separate step after the application of the resin to prevent fibrillation.
- Both treatments may be applied together although for existing treatments, it has been found that better effectivity is achieved by first performing the anti-fibrillation finish and subsequently applying the water/oil repellent finish.
- Heat treatment may take place for both treatments together but preferably, the anti-fibrillation resin is cross-linked by heat treatment prior to commencing the water/oil repellent finish.
- Suitable oil and/or water repellent finishes include conventional PFAS (perfluorinated alkylated substances) finishes such as PTFE, Teflon® and the like.
- the fabric of the current disclosure may also be made with a PFAS- free finish, thereby being further eco-friendly
- the invention also relates to a garment manufactured by a method as described above or hereinafter.
- Flame retardant is hereby defined in this application to mean flame- and/or heat-retardance conferred by a treatment to the filament, fibre, yarn or fabric. This may provide a fabric with low percentage of (estimated) body burns in thermal manikin testing, limited after-flame time and highly resilient against combustion, as well as protective against radiant heat, resistances to electric arcs and molten metal. For example as meet the performance requirements for flame retardant clothing made from flexible materials of ISO 11612. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
- One or two FR treatment steps can be performed involving impregnation of the fabric and ammonia curing.
- the staple fibres which are formed into the yarns include cotton, Lyocell and recycled polyester.
- Cotton is a natural fibre that provides comfort and better moisture management than synthetic fibres. Cotton is the traditionally used fibre for FR-treated fabrics.
- Lyocell is a synthetic cellulosic fibre.
- Other alternative cellulose based cotton alternatives exist such as LivaecoTM, Birla ModalTM, Birla ExcelTM, Birla ViscoseTM and Birla SpunshadesTM provided by Birla Cellulose.
- Lyocell is an industrial and launderable fibre which loses strength in the wet state. Lyocell in fact has a strength similar to cotton in the wet state and is more sustainable than cotton. Compared to cotton, the water usage of Lyocell is 95% less than of cotton. Lyocell is more comfortable than cotton with better moisture management and is generally smoother to the skin.
- polyester can be mechanically or chemically recycled. Polyester is used in the FR-treated fabric to increase durability as it a relatively stronger material, however it is also heavier than cellulose based fabrics. Polyester cannot be made flame retardant with Proban chemistry. Mechanical recycled polyester can be used to improve sustainability. Use of recycled polyester provides an energy consumption reduction by 45% in comparison to use of virgin polyester, and has a water consumption reduction of nearly 20% in comparison to virgin polyester. The greenhouse gas emissions are reduced over 30% in comparison to virgin Polyester.
- Negastat filament 17% Negastat filament
- the EC9600 fabric is woven in a 2/1 twill weave with the above warp and weft yarns.
- An anti-static yarn is included at a spacing of every 1 :20 in the weft direction.
- the overall weight percentages of the respective fibres in the final fabric are:
- Amount of THP is measured by P, N analysis with the following results:
- Fabric is after FR-treatment still vulnerable to fibrillation. Finishing the fabric after FR-treatment with a suitable resin prevents fibrillation of lyocell in the product.
- the resin is applied in a foulard process and the application process includes water removal by pressing and heating, followed by thermal treatment for cross linking the resin.
- non-fibrillating as used herein will be understood to mean substantially non-fibrillating, and to be exchangeable with low-fibrillating.
- the application of a non-fibrillation resin provides a fabric having a reduced fibrillation compared to that in its virgin state.
- a second finish is required to make the fabric water-and/or oil repellent finish through fluorocarbon resin (FC) to meet ISO 13034.
- FC fluorocarbon resin
- the resin and the FC may be combined in one bath or, to improve the fibrillation and prevent loss of colour, the resin and FC finish may be applied after each other in a 2-step process.
- This 2- step process reduces the fibrillation after laundering. Further improvement is to cross-link the resin first before applying the FC finish.
- the final product has the following advantages:
- the technical specifications of the fabric of the invention are comparable and commensurate with the standard FR fabric and an alternative inherently flame retardant fabric known as Modal/TencelTM in terms of properties.
- the improved FR fabric of the invention further has improved comfort and reduced carbon footprint. Comparison of the technical specifications is as follows:
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
La présente divulgation concerne un tissu ignifugé (FR), comprenant des fils formés à partir d'un mélange de fibres naturelles et/ou synthétiques, le tissu comprenant en outre des fibres lyocell ignifugées (FR), le traitement d'ignifugation étant un traitement d'ignifugation non réactif à la cellulose et les fibres lyocell ignifugées sont rendues peu fibrillaires, par exemple, au moins certains des groupes hydroxyle étant réticulés avec une résine réactive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2028484A NL2028484B1 (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2021-06-18 | Flame Retardant Fabric Comprising Cotton Alternative |
PCT/EP2022/066529 WO2022263615A1 (fr) | 2021-06-18 | 2022-06-16 | Tissu ignifuge comprenant une alternative au coton |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4355943A1 true EP4355943A1 (fr) | 2024-04-24 |
Family
ID=77838903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP22729249.7A Pending EP4355943A1 (fr) | 2021-06-18 | 2022-06-16 | Tissu ignifuge comprenant une alternative au coton |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4355943A1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20240046483A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN117730179A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2022292113A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112023026230A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3223279A1 (fr) |
NL (1) | NL2028484B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022263615A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3816068A (en) | 1971-07-12 | 1974-06-11 | Burlington Industries Inc | Flame retardant for cellulosic fabrics |
GB9421424D0 (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1994-12-07 | Albright & Wilson | Flame-retardent and fabric-softening treatment of textile materials |
AT513761A1 (de) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Nicht fibrillierendes, schwer entflammbares cellulosisches Flächengebilde, seine Verwendung und Verfahren für seine Herstellung |
WO2019101852A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | Ten Cate Protect Bv | Procédé de fabrication d'un article textile ignifugé |
-
2021
- 2021-06-18 NL NL2028484A patent/NL2028484B1/en active
-
2022
- 2022-06-16 EP EP22729249.7A patent/EP4355943A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-06-16 CN CN202280043495.9A patent/CN117730179A/zh active Pending
- 2022-06-16 CA CA3223279A patent/CA3223279A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-06-16 KR KR1020247001896A patent/KR20240046483A/ko unknown
- 2022-06-16 BR BR112023026230A patent/BR112023026230A2/pt unknown
- 2022-06-16 AU AU2022292113A patent/AU2022292113A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-16 WO PCT/EP2022/066529 patent/WO2022263615A1/fr active Application Filing
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Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112023026230A2 (pt) | 2024-03-05 |
AU2022292113A1 (en) | 2024-01-04 |
KR20240046483A (ko) | 2024-04-09 |
CA3223279A1 (fr) | 2022-12-22 |
CN117730179A (zh) | 2024-03-19 |
NL2028484B1 (en) | 2022-12-27 |
WO2022263615A1 (fr) | 2022-12-22 |
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