EP4341629A1 - Brenner - Google Patents
BrennerInfo
- Publication number
- EP4341629A1 EP4341629A1 EP22729549.0A EP22729549A EP4341629A1 EP 4341629 A1 EP4341629 A1 EP 4341629A1 EP 22729549 A EP22729549 A EP 22729549A EP 4341629 A1 EP4341629 A1 EP 4341629A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- chamber
- nozzle
- mixing
- melting furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
- F23D14/105—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
- F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details
- F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/08—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces heated otherwise than by solid fuel mixed with charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
- F23D2203/002—Radiant burner mixing tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
- F23D2900/14021—Premixing burners with swirling or vortices creating means for fuel or air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
- F23D2900/14241—Post-mixing with swirling means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
- F27D2099/0045—Radiant burner
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a burner for a shaft melting furnace, in particular for a copper shaft melting furnace, and a shaft melting furnace, in particular a copper shaft melting furnace, comprising the at least one burner according to the invention.
- Burners for a shaft melting furnace are known in principle from the prior art.
- WO 90/02909 discloses a generic burner with a conical first chamber, an adjoining mixing chamber and a telescoping eyepiece, which extends axially through the burner.
- the burner known from WO 90/02909 has essentially complete combustion and a uniform flame composition, but on the one hand does not meet today's increased environmental requirements and on the other hand does not allow permanent flame monitoring.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a burner known from the prior art in such a way that its energy balance is improved.
- the object of the present invention is preferably to provide a burner which enables homogeneous mixing between an oxygen-containing gas and a fuel gas with a simultaneously lower pressure loss.
- the object is achieved by a burner having the features of claim 1.
- the burner according to the invention is intended for a shaft melting furnace, in particular for a copper shaft melting furnace, and comprises a first chamber with an inlet opening, via which an oxygen-containing gas, such as air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, can be fed to the burner, and an outlet opening, which is located on a located at the distal end of a tapered portion of the first chamber; and a second chamber connected to the conical portion of the first chamber and having a burner nozzle.
- an oxygen-containing gas such as air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen
- the burner has a fuel gas line which opens into the first chamber and via which a fuel gas can be supplied to the burner; and a mixing nozzle which is arranged in the outlet opening of the first chamber and has a mixing chamber, via which the oxygen-containing gas and the combustible gas can be mixed to form a combustible gas mixture.
- Gases containing hydrocarbons in particular methane or natural gas, hydrogen or mixtures thereof, are particularly suitable as fuel gases.
- the mixture for example one of natural gas or methane and hydrogen, is advantageously individually premixed in the range from 1 to 100% by volume, for example in a valve station, and then fed to the burner via the fuel gas line.
- One advantage of adding hydrogen to the hydrocarbon-containing gas is that it is possible to react flexibly to rising CO2 prices in the future. Provision is particularly preferably made here for the hydrogen to have been obtained by means of renewable energies.
- the fuel gas is premixed with the oxygen-containing gas.
- the premixed combustible gas mixture then flows through the mixing nozzle arranged in the outlet opening and is then homogeneously mixed in the mixing chamber, which advantageously has a specific mixing geometry.
- the entire mixing nozzle is designed in such a way that it causes a particularly low pressure loss of only 70 mbar. This ultimately achieves that the permanent pressure loss at the burner can be continuously kept to a minimum, as a result of which the burner has a better energy balance compared to burners known from the prior art.
- the fuel gas line opens into the conically tapering section of the first chamber, and particularly preferably comprises at least one or a plurality of nozzle openings, by means of which the fuel gas can be supplied at an angle of 30° to 60° in relation to a longitudinal axis of the burner to the oxygen-containing gas, which is essentially rectified as it flows through the first chamber through the conical section.
- the mixing nozzle causes a particularly low pressure loss, which has an advantageous energetic effect on the operation of the burner.
- the low pressure loss is achieved via the specific mixing geometry, which is advantageously formed by a plurality of blades arranged in the mixing chamber.
- the mixing chamber is ring-shaped and has an inner ring and an outer ring.
- the mixing nozzle preferably has a first set of blades arranged radially on the outside and a second set of blades arranged radially on the inside, with the two sets of blades being arranged in opposite directions to one another, preferably in such a way that each blade of the first set is connected to three blades of the second set or each blade of the second set with three blades of the first set three forms shear planes.
- the burner also includes a monitoring device with a viewing axis extending through the first chamber, the mixing nozzle, the second chamber and the burner nozzle, via which the outlet area of the burner and the flame chamber of the shaft melting furnace are monitored by an operator or by means of a camera module can be used to react to disturbances in the combustion chamber.
- the observation device advantageously comprises a tube which extends axially through the first chamber, with a first end of the tube being arranged outside the burner and comprising a sight glass and/or a camera module, and a second end of the tube in a central opening of the mixing nozzle arranged, and is locked, for example, by means of a bayonet catch.
- a fuel gas line arranged coaxially around the tube of the observation device is particularly advantageous. It is therefore preferred in this context that the combustion gas line is arranged coaxially around the tube of the observation device and, at its end oriented towards the mixing nozzle, comprises a plurality of nozzle openings, which are particularly preferably arranged distributed over its circumference.
- Each of the plurality of nozzle openings is aligned at an angle of 40° to 50°, preferably at an angle of 45°, relative to the visible or longitudinal axis of the burner in order to achieve a particularly high first blend between the fuel gas flowing out of the nozzle openings and to achieve the oxygen-containing gas.
- the burner nozzle which advantageously comprises a plurality of guide vanes, is arranged at the end of the second chamber arranged axially opposite the mixing nozzle. These are arranged in a front area of the burner nozzle in the direction of flow.
- the guide vanes are designed and aligned with one another in such a way that the combustible gas mixture is driven to the center of the duct, which specifically generates turbulence in the center area and thus prevents free flow of the combustible gas mixture. While maintaining the line of sight at the same time, this has the effect that a homogeneous velocity profile is realized over the entire cross-section of the jet tube and the fuel gas mixture has reacted completely before it hits a melted material to be melted, so that there are no strands without reaction.
- the burner nozzle In the area at the rear in the direction of flow, the burner nozzle then has a conically tapering outlet opening, the edge of which, according to an advantageous embodiment variant, has a jagged structure, in particular one provided with recesses, via which turbulence can be generated in a targeted manner, which leads to the formation of a stable flame root leads.
- the burner is ignited by means of an ignition ionization candle which is arranged just behind the edge and is advantageously continuously monitored by means of an ionization monitor. For this it is necessary that the alarm wire is always positioned in the flame over the entire output range of the burner. Due to the formation of the stable flame root, this can be guaranteed at all times.
- the present invention also relates to a shaft melting furnace, in particular a copper shaft melting furnace, comprising at least one, more preferably a plurality of burners according to the invention.
- a shaft melting furnace in particular a copper shaft melting furnace
- at least one, preferably all of the burners according to the invention is or are arranged at an inclined angle relative to a horizontal line in a wall of the shaft melting furnace.
- FIG. 2 shows the embodiment variant of the burner according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a sectional view
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment variant of the mixing nozzle in a perspective view
- FIG. 5 shows the embodiment variant of the mixing nozzle shown in FIG. 4 in a sectional view
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment variant of the burner nozzle in a perspective representation
- FIG. 7 shows the embodiment variant of the burner nozzle shown in FIG. 6 in a sectional view
- FIGS. 6 and 7 shows the embodiment variant of the burner nozzle shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in a front view.
- FIG 1 a variant of the burner 1 according to the invention is shown in a perspective view, which can be used in principle in all metallurgical melting aggregates in which a visual Combustion chamber monitoring is required. However, it is preferably provided that the burner 1 is used in a copper shaft melting furnace (not shown) in which copper cathodes are melted down in order to recover copper.
- the burner 1 shown in the embodiment variant shown here comprises a first connector 2, via which an oxygen-containing gas, such as air, can be fed to the burner 1, and a second connector 3, via which a fuel gas can be fed to the burner 1.
- the fuel gas can include, for example, a hydrocarbon-containing gas such as natural gas or methane, hydrogen or a mixture thereof.
- the burner 1 comprises a first chamber 4, which has a conical section 5, a second chamber 6 with a burner nozzle 7 (see FIG. 2), and a radiant tube 8.
- the radiant tube 8 consists of silicon carbide.
- the burner 1 also has an observation device 9 and a camera module 10, via which the combustion chamber can be monitored visually. As can be seen from the representation in FIG.
- the volume flows and/or the composition of the oxygen-containing gas or the fuel gas mixture can be detected via the two measuring nozzles 11, 12.
- an ignition ionization candle 13 is arranged at the distal end of the second chamber 6, via which the combustible gas mixture in the burner nozzle 7 can be ignited and the flame can be monitored immediately thereafter.
- the burner 1 shown in FIG. 1 is designed for a throughput of 900 Nm3/h and has a pressure loss of only 90 mbar.
- the burner 1 In order to be able to install the burner 1 ergonomically, it has two lifting eyes 41 on the outside of the second chamber 6, which are located in the center of gravity and each include a slot to compensate for changes in the center of gravity that can result from additional attachments.
- the burner 1 can be fed with the oxygen-containing gas either from above, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, or from below. If it is advantageous to feed in the oxygen-containing gas from below, the burner 1 is rotated through 180°.
- the second socket 3, via which the fuel gas can be fed to the burner 1, can also be installed rotated by 90° steps, depending on the installation conditions, the effect of the burner 1 being unaffected by the axial structure.
- Figure 2 shows the embodiment variant of the burner 1 according to the invention shown in Figure 1 in a sectional view, but without the camera module 10.
- this illustration shows the first chamber 4 , which has an inlet opening 14 , via which the oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the first chamber 4 via the first connector 2 .
- the first chamber 4 comprises the conically tapering partial section 5, which has an outlet opening 16 arranged at its distal end.
- the second chamber 6 Connected to the conical section 5 of the first chamber 4 is the second chamber 6, which is formed from a hollow-cylindrical element, for example a tube, and has a first end 17 facing the conical section 5 and a second end 18 arranged axially opposite. on which the burner nozzle 7 is arranged.
- the burner nozzle 7 is produced from steel by means of an additive manufacturing process and is explained in more detail in FIGS.
- a mixing nozzle 19 with a mixing chamber 20 is arranged at the first end 17 of the second chamber 6 or in the outlet opening 16 of the first chamber 4, via which the oxygen-containing gas and the fuel gas can be mixed to form a fuel gas mixture.
- the fuel gas is introduced into the burner 1 via a fuel gas line 21 which opens into the first chamber 4 , in particular in the conically tapering section 5 of the first chamber 4 .
- the fuel gas line 21 in the embodiment variant shown here is arranged coaxially around a pipe 22 of the observation device 9 and has a plurality of nozzle openings 23 at its end oriented towards the mixing nozzle 19, which are arranged distributed over its circumference (see Figure 3).
- Each of the nozzle openings 23 is aligned at an angle of 40° to 50° with respect to a viewing axis 28 of the burner 1 in order to achieve a first blend between the fuel gas flowing out of the nozzle openings 23 and the oxygen-containing gas which flows through the first chamber 4 .
- the tube 22 of the observation device 9 which extends axially through the first chamber 4 , has a first end 24 . This is arranged outside of the burner 1 and includes a sight glass 25 or, alternatively, the camera module 10 (FIG. 1), via which the combustion chamber can be monitored visually.
- the tube 22 comprises a second end 26 which is arranged in a central opening 27 of the mixing nozzle 19 and is connected to it in a fixed position via a bayonet catch 29 (see FIG. 3).
- the mixing nozzle 19 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 with its specific mixing geometry, which in the present case, like the burner nozzle 7, has been produced by means of an additive manufacturing process, but in contrast to this, it is made of silicon carbide.
- the mixing nozzle 19 has a ring-shaped mixing chamber 20 which is delimited by an inner ring 30 and an outer ring 31 arranged radially opposite. Blades 32, 34 are arranged within the mixing chamber 19, via which the premixed combustible gas mixture can be mixed homogeneously by multiple intersections in the direction of flow.
- the mixing chamber 20 includes a first set radially outward arranged vanes 32 carried by the outer ring 31 and a second set of radially inwardly arranged vanes 34 arranged opposite to the first set and carried by the inner ring 30.
- the blades 32, 34 of the two sets are arranged relative to one another in the circumferential direction such that each blade 32 of the first set with three blades 34 of the second set or each blade 34 of the second set with three blades 32 of the first set has three shear planes trains.
- each of the plurality of vanes 32, 34 has a slightly curved shape in cross section.
- the burner nozzle 7 is shown in different representations.
- This consists essentially of a hollow-cylindrical element and has a plurality of guide vanes 36 in a front region, via which the combustible gas mixture can first be guided through a central channel 37 formed between the guide vanes 36 (FIG. 8).
- a central channel 37 formed between the guide vanes 36 (FIG. 8).
- the burner nozzle 7 has a conically tapering outlet opening 38 whose surrounding end face or edge 39 has a structure provided with recesses 40 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021204972.9A DE102021204972A1 (de) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Brenner |
| PCT/EP2022/063200 WO2022243248A1 (de) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-05-16 | Brenner |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4341629A1 true EP4341629A1 (de) | 2024-03-27 |
| EP4341629B1 EP4341629B1 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
| EP4341629C0 EP4341629C0 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
Family
ID=82019355
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22729549.0A Active EP4341629B1 (de) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-05-16 | Brenner |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240255139A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4341629B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN117355716A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021204972A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES3025158T3 (de) |
| PL (1) | PL4341629T3 (de) |
| UA (1) | UA130393C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022243248A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023109687A1 (de) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-10-02 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Verfahren und System zum Betreiben und/oder zur Dekarbonisierung eines insbesondere industriellen Produktionsprozesses |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1503817A (en) * | 1922-07-14 | 1924-08-05 | Thomas S Compere | Oil burner |
| BE633958A (de) * | 1962-06-22 | |||
| LU60094A1 (de) * | 1969-12-24 | 1971-08-17 | ||
| US4536152A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1985-08-20 | Asarco Incorporated | High-velocity gas burners |
| WO1990002909A1 (en) | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-22 | Asarco Incorporated | Method and burner for melting copper |
| US7488171B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2009-02-10 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Gas micro burner |
| GB2397643A (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-07-28 | Alstom | A combustion chamber burner including a corrugated burner outlet |
| US20070175297A1 (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-02 | Hugens John R | Launder burner |
| CN203517793U (zh) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-04-02 | 昆明电研新能源科技开发有限公司 | 生物质热燃气用引射式燃烧器 |
| ES2686522T3 (es) * | 2014-06-12 | 2018-10-18 | Siti - B&T Group S.P.A. | Horno industrial provisto con un quemador |
| CN105972596B (zh) * | 2016-07-06 | 2019-03-08 | 王鸿川 | 低氮燃烧器 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-17 DE DE102021204972.9A patent/DE102021204972A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-16 CN CN202280035299.7A patent/CN117355716A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-16 UA UAA202305258A patent/UA130393C2/uk unknown
- 2022-05-16 ES ES22729549T patent/ES3025158T3/es active Active
- 2022-05-16 PL PL22729549.0T patent/PL4341629T3/pl unknown
- 2022-05-16 EP EP22729549.0A patent/EP4341629B1/de active Active
- 2022-05-16 US US18/561,245 patent/US20240255139A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-16 WO PCT/EP2022/063200 patent/WO2022243248A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117355716A (zh) | 2024-01-05 |
| ES3025158T3 (en) | 2025-06-06 |
| EP4341629B1 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
| PL4341629T3 (pl) | 2025-03-31 |
| WO2022243248A1 (de) | 2022-11-24 |
| US20240255139A1 (en) | 2024-08-01 |
| UA130393C2 (uk) | 2026-02-04 |
| EP4341629C0 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
| DE102021204972A1 (de) | 2022-11-17 |
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