EP4326473A1 - Konvektionskühler für wire arc additiv manufacturing - Google Patents
Konvektionskühler für wire arc additiv manufacturingInfo
- Publication number
- EP4326473A1 EP4326473A1 EP22719220.0A EP22719220A EP4326473A1 EP 4326473 A1 EP4326473 A1 EP 4326473A1 EP 22719220 A EP22719220 A EP 22719220A EP 4326473 A1 EP4326473 A1 EP 4326473A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling system
- component
- cooling fluid
- convection cooler
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
- B23K9/325—Devices for supplying or evacuating shielding gas
- B23K9/326—Purge gas rings, i.e. devices for supplying or evacuating shielding gas inside of hollow or tubular articles, e.g. pipes, vessels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
- F28D7/1669—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
- F28D7/1676—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/003—Cooling means for welding or cutting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cooling system for the targeted dissipation of thermal energy, which is introduced into a component to be manufactured in the course of a Wire Are Additive Manufacturing welding process WAAM.
- welding pauses are currently implemented in the welding process, which requires a sequential work process (welding - pause/cooling - welding) with correspondingly long running times.
- the relevant parameters in the welding process with regard to temperature management are, in addition to the component preheating that may be required, in particular the interpass temperature and the cooling rate of the deposited weld metal.
- the component temperature and thus the interpass temperature can only be influenced by additional pause times added to the welding process, whereby active cooling by means of gaseous fluids can also take place within the welding pause.
- a component is only cooled by interaction with the atmosphere surrounding the component (heat radiation) and an optional application of cooling air during the pauses as well as the cooling effect of the massive machine table coupled via the component tension (heat conduction). Heat dissipation is only defined by the heat capacity and the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the component.
- the invention is based on a problem of specifying a Wire Are Additive Manufacturing welding process WAAM in which
- the welded structures can, as far as possible, be processed and used in the manufactured state.
- the invention makes use of the knowledge that if the component overheats, undesirable structural effects such as coarse grain formation due to over-molding or columnar grains aligned axially in accordance with the main direction of heat dissipation, so-called dendritic structures, occur; here, the invention involves a targeted influencing of the structure of the structure in the component through actively influenced heat dissipation from the additively manufactured component.
- the actively influenced heat dissipation from the additively manufactured component includes influencing the heat stored in the component in a targeted manner with regard to its direction and speed.
- the invention makes use of the knowledge that zone A adjacent to the substrate in FIG dendritic structures. This is due to the fact that the machine table 7 located underneath causes “passive” cooling through heat conduction, in the present case up to an installation height of approximately 3 cm. With an installation height above this 3 cm, in zone B, this cooling effect no longer influences the structure.
- the invention makes use of the knowledge that by actively influencing the heat dissipation from the additively manufactured component in the welding process, the microstructure and the material properties correlating therewith can be specifically influenced.
- the invention brings in-situ cooling during the ongoing welding process in the machine configuration.
- the invention advantageously brings about variable heat transfer by means of spraying a cooling fluid, supplying a liquid cooling fluid or a combination of both.
- FIG. 2 shows a convection cooler according to the invention
- 3 shows a WAAM welding arrangement using the convection cooler according to the invention with gaseous or spray-form cooling fluid
- FIG. 4 shows a WAAM welding arrangement using the inventive convection cooler with liquid cooling fluid.
- Zone 1 shows the macro section of a component 2, the welded structure of which is conventionally manufactured by means of Wire Are Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) in the welding build-up direction upwards.
- Zone A is almost free of dendritic structures.
- Zone B shows the grown stalk grains, equiaxial in the main direction of heat flow.
- the convection cooler is used to allow the energy (Q closed, torch) / which the welding process (1) enters into the component (2) to flow away in a controlled manner.
- This consists of an upper part (4), a lower part (6) and a middle part (5).
- a cooling fluid e.g. air
- a cooling fluid is fed into the central part (8in), which exits from the opening for the cooling fluid (10) in the lower part (6) and is removed again (8out) after it has been heated (entering the upper part (4)).
- Brush seals (3) are used so that the welding process - with the associated protective gas flow - is not adversely affected.
- the energy extraction through the table cooling (Qab, table) ” via the substrate (7) - is extended with the convection cooler - independent of height - by an outflowing heat flow ⁇ Qab, convexion)
- the invention essentially brings about a targeted increase in free convection on the component surface.
- the geometry simulates a kind of chimney draft and makes the heat dissipation controllable by recording and controlling individual parameters such as temperatures and volume flows of the heat transfer fluid/cooling fluid.
- the positioning of the convection cooler can be related to the component (i.e. stationary or “growing” with the printed geometry) or flexible (i.e. attached to the welding torch). With the flexible method, the function of the targeted extraction of the welding fumes through the convection cooler can be increased. follow, which in turn can be attached at the level of the welding torch 1.
- the injection of the heat transfer fluid, but also the cooling fluid can be carried out here, for example, by means of flexible articulated coolant hoses in the feed (8in), in order to avoid collisions with the components causing irreversible damage.
- the geometry can be designed.
- the heat transfer fluid is conducted via the connection (8) into the central part (5), where it enters the installation space, namely the recess volume 12, which is separated by a bellows (9), and atomizes via the upper part (4). becomes.
- Spray mist, evaporation and turbulent air currents are shielded by attached brush seals (3) and removed from the installation space by an optional suction device (8out) above the heat transfer fluid injection. After absorbing the internal energy on the hot component surface, the medium can be discharged via openings (8) on the substrate (7).
- the heat transfer fluid as described at the outset, is used for spray cooling and, in addition, heat is dissipated via a variable liquid level located in the bellows (9).
- the openings/ Ports (8) used to supply and drain a heat transfer fluid from a pump driven circuit.
- connection (8out) is used to connect to a vacuum system for extracting any evaporation that occurs.
- the structure according to the invention can also be used to preheat or reduce the cooling gradient that is physically predetermined by the welding structure by appropriately preheating the heat transfer medium/cooling fluid be used.
- WAAM Wire Are Additive Manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021205815.9A DE102021205815A1 (de) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Konvektionskühler für Wire Arc Additiv Manufacturing |
| PCT/EP2022/057677 WO2022258237A1 (de) | 2021-06-09 | 2022-03-23 | Konvektionskühler für wire arc additiv manufacturing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4326473A1 true EP4326473A1 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
Family
ID=81389176
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22719220.0A Withdrawn EP4326473A1 (de) | 2021-06-09 | 2022-03-23 | Konvektionskühler für wire arc additiv manufacturing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4326473A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021205815A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022258237A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1119768A (ja) | 1997-07-02 | 1999-01-26 | Hitachi Ltd | ガスタービン動翼の溶接補修方法及び装置 |
| DE102015117238A1 (de) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-13 | GEFERTEC GmbH | Bearbeitungsmodul für eine Vorrichtung zur additiven Fertigung |
| DE102016105162A1 (de) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-09-21 | GEFERTEC GmbH | Verfahren und Anlage zur additiven Fertigung metallischer Formkörper |
| CN106670623B (zh) | 2017-03-23 | 2019-02-22 | 湘潭大学 | 一种主动控制电弧增材制造层间温度的装置 |
| CN108436229B (zh) | 2018-03-16 | 2019-08-09 | 福州大学 | 一种用于电弧增材制造的局部冷却装置及其冷却方法 |
| DE102018002815A1 (de) | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-10 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Homogene Kühlung für Schweißverfahren, insbesondere WAAM |
| CN110450416A (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-15 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 一种针对pla耗材的fdm3d打印机模型冷却装置 |
| CN110899934A (zh) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-24 | 广东省焊接技术研究所(广东省中乌研究院) | 一种电弧增材制造用温度调节装置及调节方法 |
| CN111266705A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-12 | 南京理工大学 | 一种控制熔化极电弧增材直壁体侧壁成形的装置 |
| CN112059379A (zh) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-11 | 佛山宇仁智能科技有限公司 | 一种用于气体保护增材的在线冷却毛刷 |
-
2021
- 2021-06-09 DE DE102021205815.9A patent/DE102021205815A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2022
- 2022-03-23 EP EP22719220.0A patent/EP4326473A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-03-23 WO PCT/EP2022/057677 patent/WO2022258237A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022258237A1 (de) | 2022-12-15 |
| DE102021205815A1 (de) | 2022-12-15 |
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