EP4323600A1

EP4323600A1 - Displacement body and concrete shaping insert

Info

Publication number: EP4323600A1
Application number: EP22722764.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Anna HAMBURG
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-16
Filing date: 2022-04-13
Publication date: 2024-02-21
Also published as: WO2022219067A1; BR112023021103A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a displacement body which is configured to be arranged in formwork before a concreting operation. The displacement body has at least one first receiving device, which is configured to keep a rebar extending in a first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from an, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell. The displacement body also has at least one second receiving device, which is configured to keep a rebar extending in a second plane, which is parallel to and spaced apart from the first plane, at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell. The displacement body also has at least one third receiving device, which is configured to keep a rebar extending in a third plane, which is parallel to and spaced apart from the first and the second plane, at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell.

Description

Displacement bodies and concrete formations

The invention relates to a displacement body which is designed to be arranged in a formwork prior to a concreting process.

The invention also relates to a concrete molding insert with a plurality of displacement bodies.

When constructing concrete ceilings, in addition to reinforcement, displacement bodies are often arranged in the space surrounded by formwork†. This has the advantage that concrete can be saved and lighter concrete slabs can be produced.

EP 1 568 827 A1 proposes enclosing displacement bodies, e.g. in the form of plastic balls, in latticework that is open on one side, and then pressing these modules into a first or second layer of concrete, which can already contain a first reinforcement mat. The semi-finished product produced in this way is then covered with concrete during later completion.

DE 20 2006 002 540 U1 discloses a module for producing concrete parts, in particular semi-finished concrete products or concrete ceilings. The module has a large number of replaceable displacement bodies arranged next to one another in a longitudinal direction, preferably plastic hollow spheres, plastic balls or plastic half-shells, the large number of displacement bodies arranged next to one another being arranged captively in a latticework of rods. The module is intended to be pressed into a concrete layer, to be placed on a lower reinforcement or to be placed on a filigree slab. The latticework has a channel-like shape with a narrow channel base and a wide channel opening and can be stacked to save space if the displacement bodies are not inserted.

EP 2 075 387 A1 discloses a module for producing concrete parts, in particular semi-finished concrete products or relatively thin in-situ concrete slabs. That The module has a multiplicity of replaceable displacement bodies arranged next to one another in a longitudinal direction, with the multiplicity of displacement bodies arranged next to one another being arranged in a captive manner in a lattice work of rods. Each sinker is designed as an essentially oblate ellipsoid of revolution with two at least slightly flattened poles†.

EP 3 045 605 A1 discloses a module for the production of concrete parts using the in-situ concrete method or in a precast concrete plant, which comprises a row of several displacement bodies arranged next to one another in a horizontal longitudinal direction, which cannot be lost in a latticework of at least two individual lattices running in the longitudinal direction are held, the grid faces of which are oriented transversely to the horizontal†, each of the grids having at least a first and a second longitudinal bar which extend parallel in a spaced apart† longitudinal direction, and a plurality of spaced apart and transversely oriented transverse bars†, each having the Longitudinal fibers are connected. At least one of the displacement bodies has at least one first and at least one second half-mechanism on its outside for each lattice, which are designed and arranged relative to one another in such a way that both lattices can be separated by accommodating the first longitudinal bar in the first half-mechanism and accommodating the second Longitudinal rods in the second half device are fixed at least in a form-fitting and captive manner between the first and second retaining device and thereby hold all displacement bodies together.

The previously known concrete molding inserts usually have the disadvantage that they can be used specifically for a specific size range of a concrete part to be produced. To that extent it is necessary, for example, to keep smaller displacement bodies ready for the production of thin concrete slabs, while larger displacement bodies have to be kept ready for the production of thicker concrete slabs.

DE 20 2020 106 300 U1 proposes arranging displacement bodies vertically one above the other if a thicker concrete part, for example a thicker concrete slab, is to be produced. IT BO 20 120 296 A1 discloses cube-like moldings which are each composed of two box-like half parts. There are holders on the top and bottom into which iron rods† can be snapped.

WO 2018/161110 A1 discloses† a concrete molding that has holders† in order to connect probation bars arranged in two different planes parallel to one another.

WO 01/03898 A1 discloses a concrete molding which is composed of two box-shaped halves and has latching elements which are each designed to receive a probationary plate and at the same time to act as feet.

From KR 101 338 944 Bl a Befonformungskörper is known, which has a cup-shaped lower part with a wall made of hard foam†. An upper part is inserted into the lower part. The upper part has several fastening elements to optionally hook in either probationary bars parallel to one another or a probationary bar gripper.

It is the object of the present invention to specify a displacement body which can be adapted to different thicknesses of the phono component to be shaped.

The task is solved by a displacement body, which a. has at least one first receiving device, which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar running in a first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell, and b. at least one second receptacle adapted to receive a reinforcement fabric extending in a second plane parallel and spaced apart from the first plane to keep distance to the closed envelope and/or to the reference plane of the closed envelope, c. at least one third fixture† adapted to hold a rebar extending in a third plane parallel and spaced apart from the first and second planes at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell .

The displacement body according to the invention can advantageously be used in particular as part of a concrete molding insert, in which several displacement bodies are arranged between at least two rebars, each of the rebars being in at least one of the receiving devices of each displacement body at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed Shell of the displacement body is held. Such a concrete molding insert can advantageously be assembled on site from parts that are individually easy to transport and easy to handle.

To produce the concrete molding insert, in particular on the construction site, individual reinforcing rods in particular, which are not connected to other components or other reinforcing rods and which are preferably not part of a reinforced steel fabric and/or a welded reinforcing grid, can be used in a simple and flexible manner. According to an independent inventive concept, it can advantageously be provided that the reinforcing rods, which are preferably initially individual and not connected to other components, are connected to one another exclusively by means of several displacement bodies according to the invention in order to form a concrete molding insert together with the displacement body. To anchor the concrete molding insert within a formwork, the reinforcing rods used in the concrete molding insert can be connected to other reinforcements of the concrete part to be produced, for example by means of binding wire.

The invention ha† in particular the very special advantage that using the same displacement body BefonformungsINSERT with different effective heights, namely with different Vertical distances between the reinforcing bars, between which the displacement bodies are arranged, can be produced. In particular, by selecting and using a possible combination of receptacles of each displacer, the displacers and the rebars can be assembled into a concrete form insert with a greater effective height when a thicker concrete file (e.g. a thicker concrete slab) is to be cast while using the same displacers and the same rebars alternatively, if a thinner concrete slab (e.g., a thinner concrete slab) is to be cast†, they can also be assembled into a concrete former with a lower effective height by selecting and using a different combination of receiving devices of each displacement body. Intermediate stages are also possible, which is explained in detail further below. In particular, it is possible for a large number of different effective heights to be realizable with one and the same components.

Each of the receiving devices is preferably arranged either above or below the closed shell of the displacement body. The background is that an arrangement of reinforcing bars in the middle between the top and bottom of the ceiling is statically ineffective or even largely useless. There is preferably at least a receiving device both above and below the closed shell of the displacement body.

The receiving devices can advantageously be designed to keep the reinforcing rods at a distance from the closed shell of the displacement body in the vertical direction. This is advantageous from a static point of view.

As already mentioned, the receiving devices are each designed to hold a rebar at (a non-zero) distance from the closed envelope. Preferably, the receiving devices are each designed to hold a rebar in such a way that the rebar does not lie directly against the closed shell. This is special (particularly with regard to the load-bearing capacity of the concrete component). Advantage that the rebars (apart from their immediate contact with the respective fixture, which is negligible) are completely surrounded by the concrete when filled with concrete and a good bond between steel and concrete is obtained everywhere, which would not be the case if a rebar would lie directly against the closed shell.

In addition, complete enclosing of the rebars with concrete (apart from their direct contact with the respective fixture, which is negligible) is also important in the event of a fire. In the event of a fire, the concrete acts as a protective shell, particularly with regard to cooling the reinforcing bars. In addition, the complete encapsulation of the rebars is also important as a protection against corrosion. It should be noted that cracks can form in concrete components, especially in concrete ceilings, through which moisture can penetrate. If the rebars are completely enclosed by concrete, the penetrating moisture only reaches a small section of the respective rebar. However, when the rebar rests on the hollow body†, moisture can seep between the rebar and the hollow body, reaching and damaging much larger areas of the rebar.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the receiving devices are each designed to hold a rebar at a distance from the closed shell that is at least half the size of the largest grain of the selected concrete granulation. For example, in the case of concrete with an aggregate of 0/32 grain size, the distance between the reinforcing bar and the closed shell is preferably at least 16 mm. This is important so that the stones can be distributed evenly in the concrete. Advantage is taken of the fact that the vast majority of stones in the aggregate are not spherical, but elongated and/or flat. Therefore, a stone can also move through the gap between the closed shell and the rebar, which is larger in one direction than the distance between the rebar and the closed shell, as long as the stone is smaller than the distance in another direction between the rebar and the closed shell (which is almost always the case). It was recognized that an even distribution of the stones in the concrete guaranteed† if the distance is at least half the size of the concrete grading above.

For example, the displacement body can have at least one first receiving device on the underside, which is designed to hold a lower reinforcing bar running in a first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane (which, for example, is the horizontal center plane of the can be closed shell) to hold the closed shell. The displacement body can have at least one second receiving device and at least one third receiving device on the upper side, the second receiving device being designed to hold an upper rebar running in a second plane which is parallel to and spaced from the first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or to the reference plane of the closed shell, and wherein the third receiving device is adapted to space a top rebar running in a third plane parallel and spaced from the first and second planes of the closed envelope and/or to the reference plane of the closed envelope. The user can now choose whether he wants to use the second or the third fixture on the top to hold the upper rebar. Through his selection, he determines the vertical distance between the upper and the lower reinforcing bar. For example, if there is also a fourth receiving device on the underside, which is designed to hold a rebar running in a fourth plane, which is parallel to and spaced from the first and second and third planes, at a distance from the closed envelope and/or to the reference plane of the closed envelope, there are also two options for the lower rebar with different vertical distances of the lower rebar to the closed envelope and/or to the reference plane. Altogether there are already in this example a large number of possible combinations to determine the distance between the planes of the lower and upper reinforcing bar and thus adapt the concrete molding insert to be produced to the thickness of the concrete part to be produced. Quite generally and detached from the above example, the displacement body can have at least a fourth receiving device which is designed to hold a reinforcement fabric running in a fourth plane, which is parallel to and spaced from the first and second and third planes, at a distance from the closed shell and/or to the reference plane of the closed shell. In the same way, the displacement body can have any number of further receiving devices (at least a fifth, a sixth, a seventh...) for holding the reinforcement fibers in different parallel planes that are spaced apart from one another.

The displacement body can in particular have a plurality of first receiving devices, each of which is designed to hold its own reinforcing bar running in the first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal,

reference plane of the closed shell.

Similarly, the displacement body can (alternatively or additionally) have a plurality of second receiving devices, each of which is designed to hold its own reinforcing bar running in the second plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell helped. In the same way, the displacement body can (alternatively or additionally) have several third receiving devices, each of which is designed to hold its own reinforcing bar running in the third plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal,

reference plane of the closed shell. The same applies analogously to any fourth, fifth, sixth (etc.) receiving devices.

In particular, for reasons of stability, it is advantageous if at least two lower reinforcement rods are held in the same horizontal plane. The use of two lower reinforcement threads in the same plane has the particularly advantageous effect that the displacement bodies are held securely with regard to their position and their orientation relative to the formwork and relative to one another. In addition, falling over is advantageous in this way displacement body avoided. In this case, those of the lower receiving devices for holding the two lower rebars can be selected particularly advantageously, when the two held lower rebars have the greater horizontal distance from one another when they are used. In this way, a particularly high degree of stability, in particular a particularly reliable position and orientation securing of the displacement bodies, is achieved.

According to an independent inventive idea, the displacement bodies according to the invention can also be used to produce a concrete molding insert in such a way that only receiving devices arranged below the closed shell are used to hold reinforcing bars, while otherwise no receiving devices, in particular no receiving devices arranged above the closed shell, for example used to hold rebars. Alternatively, according to a further independent idea of the invention, such displacement bodies can also be used which have receiving devices arranged exclusively below the closed shell for holding at least two reinforcing rods. With such a use of displacement bodies according to the invention or not according to the invention, it is advantageous for reasons of stability if at least two lower reinforcing rods are held horizontally in the same plane. As already mentioned above, the use of two lower reinforcing rods in the same horizontal plane has the particularly advantageous effect that the displacement bodies are held securely with regard to their position and their orientation relative to the formwork and relative to one another. In addition, falling over of the displacement body is advantageously avoided in this way. In this case, those of the receiving devices arranged below the closed shell for holding the two lower rebars can be selected particularly advantageously, when the two held lower rebars have the greater horizontal distance from one another when they are used. In this way, a particularly high degree of stability, in particular a particularly reliable position and orientation securing of the displacement bodies, is achieved. A concrete molding insert produced in this way preferably only has below the displacement body has at least two reinforcement threads. Such a molding insert can advantageously be used to produce a concrete slab, in particular a prestressed concrete slab, without reinforcing iron (apart from the lower reinforcing rods mentioned, which are held by the lower receiving devices of the displacement bodies). Particularly in the case of concrete ceilings in which no additional upper reinforcement is required†, the upper reinforcement rods of the concrete molding insert can be dispensed with according to the independent inventive idea†. The upper reinforcement bars of the concrete molding insert are statically superfluous for such a concrete slab, especially prestressed, and are also not required as a support for an additional upper reinforcement (also statically superfluous)†. Warping† on top rebars of the concrete form insert has† economic and environmental benefits, particularly as the production of 1kg of rebar emits approximately 10 times more carbon dioxide† than the production of 1kg of concrete. The displacement bodies according to the invention have the very special advantage that, according to the independent idea of the invention, they can also be used in a stable manner without upper reinforcements.

The reference plane mentioned above can be any desired, in particular horizontal, plane with a fixed spatial reference to the displacement body. For example, the reference plane can be the, in particular horizontal, center plane of the closed shell. The reference plane can in particular also be the connection plane in which two (preferably identical) displacement body parts are connected to one another, from which the displacement body is composed. If the displacement body is composed of two identical displacement body parts, in particular shell-shaped parts, the above-mentioned connecting plane is preferably identical to the central plane of the closed shell. The planes mentioned above (first, second, third and fourth plane), in which a rebar can be kept at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell, are preferably planes which are horizontal and/or extend outside the closed envelope.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the displacement body is off composed of a first displacement body part and a second displacement body part. The first displacement body part and the second displacement body part can advantageously be shaped in such a way that they can be connected to one another and together form the closed shell in the connected state. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous from a logistical point of view, because the displacement body parts can be transported in a particularly space-saving manner, particularly if they are designed to be stackable one inside the other. In particular, the first displacement body part and the second displacement body part can be of the same design, which is also advantageous from a logistical point of view.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the first displacement body part has a first connection device and that the second displacement body part has a second connection device, the first connection device and the second connection device interacting to connect the first displacement body part and the second displacement body part.

Preferably, the first connection device and the second connection device are of the same design†. For example, the first connecting device and the second connecting device can each have at least one latching element†.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the first displacement body part and the second displacement body part are each shell-shaped and can be connected to one another by performing a connecting movement perpendicular to the plane of the shell opening by means of the connecting devices. Such an embodiment permits a simple, preferably tool-free, production of a displacement body according to the invention on the construction site.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment and according to an independent inventive idea, which can also be realized independently of the features mentioned in claim 1, the first displacement body part has an at least partially circumferential edge Seal nut† engages a spring of the second displacer file†. Alternatively or additionally, it can advantageously be provided that the second displacement body part has a sealing groove that runs at least partially around the edge and into which a spring of the first displacement body part engages. Such an embodiment is particularly well protected against leaks. In particular, leaks are also avoided when the displacement body parts (e.g. designed as plastic injection molded parts) are permanently or temporarily deformed, for example as a result of improper storage and/or improper transport. Such deformations can lead to problems with conventional displacement body parts because the displacement body parts do not lie sufficiently tightly against one another, so that liquid concrete can penetrate into the interior.

In an advantageous embodiment, in which the first and the second displacement body part can be of the same design, the first displacement body part has a first sealing nut† running around half the edge, in which a second spring of the second displacement body part running around half the edge engages†. Similarly, the second displacement body part has a second sealing nut† running around half of the edge, in which a first spring of the first displacement body part running around half the edge engages†.

Preferably, at least two of the first, second and third (and possibly further) receiving devices are located on different sides of the closed cover. As already mentioned, at least one first receiving device can be arranged on the underside of the closed shell, for example, while at least one second receiving device is arranged on the upper side of the closed shell. Alternatively or additionally, it can be realized that at least two of the first, second and third (and optionally further) planes are located on different sides of the closed shell and/or the reference plane.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least two of the receiving devices are located on an underside of the closed shell. In particular, if several identical (in particular several first and/or several second and/or several third and/or several fourth) receiving devices are arranged on the underside of the closed shell, it is possible to use at least two reinforcement fibers in the same (first or second or drift or fourth) level, which results in a high level of stability and stability of the shaping insert to be shaped ha†.

With regard to good stability, several of the receiving devices arranged on the underside of the closed shell can be designed as feet.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the receiving devices is designed to hold a rebar immobile both, preferably all around, in the radial direction (relative to the rebar) and in the axial direction (relative to the rebar). In this way it is advantageously achieved† that the displacement body remains in the intended position before and during concreting, in particular relative to other displacement bodies of the concrete molding insert and/or relative to the formwork†.

A receiving device can have a number of different functional elements, in particular for producing a frictional connection and/or for producing a form-fitting connection and/or for clamping and/or gripping and/or positioning a reinforcing bar.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the receiving devices has a groove into which a probation bar can be positively inserted. In particular, it can advantageously be provided that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two grooves which are arranged in such a way that one (and the same) probation bar can be inserted in both grooves with a positive fit.

As an alternative or in addition, at least one of the receiving devices can have a hook which is designed to attach a probation flag embrace. For example, the hook can be designed as a snap hook and/or snap hook. The hook can, for example, be designed in such a way and in particular arranged at an angle different from 90 degrees to the desired final alignment of the rebar such that an elastically movable part of the hook is pushed to the side by the rebar when a rebar is inserted and then, due to its elasticity, over the rebar springs back to its original position so that the rebar is held by the hook. In particular, the angle can be 45 degrees.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two, in particular identical, hooks which are designed and arranged to encompass the same probation bar. In particular, the hooks can be aligned opposite one another, which ensures that the reinforcing bar is held particularly securely and reliably. Each of the hooks can be constructed as described above.

Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the receiving devices can have a clamping gap†. A clamping gap† is particularly advantageous for securing a rebar in the axial direction. The clamping gap can be formed, for example, between two clamping edges that are not parallel to one another. In particular, the clamping gap† can be formed between two cones or truncated cones. In an advantageous embodiment, there is preferably a pair of conical pins projecting perpendicularly from the closed shell which clamp the rebar between them. In particular, it can advantageously be provided that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two clamping gaps, which are arranged in such a way that one (and the same) probation bar can be positively inserted into both clamping gaps and is held by both clamping gaps.

In an embodiment that can be replaced in a particularly versatile manner, the displacement body has at least two receiving devices, in particular on the same side, one of the receiving devices being designed, in particular exclusively, for a probation rod oriented along a first direction, and wherein the other receiving device is designed, in particular exclusively, to receive a probationary bar oriented in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Such an embodiment makes it possible, for example, to fix an upper probation bar, for example with a second receiving device, (in the vertical projection) perpendicularly to a lower probation bar, which is held by means of a first receiving device, on the displacement body. In addition, for example, a third receiving device can be present on the upper side, which can be used as an alternative to the second receiving device for the upper rebar and which holds the upper rebar in a different plane to achieve a different vertical spacing from the lower rebar. The third receiving device can be configured to hold the upper rebar parallel to the lower rebar.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided quite generally that the displacement body, in particular on the same side, has at least two receiving devices†, with one of the receiving devices being designed, in particular exclusively, to receive a probation bar, which is aligned along one direction, and wherein the other receiving device is designed, in particular exclusively, to receive a probationary bar that is oriented in the same direction.

Of particular advantage is a concrete molding insert with several displacement bodies according to the invention, which are arranged between at least two rebars, each of the rebars being held in one of the receiving devices at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell. In particular, the concrete molding insert can be designed in such a way that different combinations of receiving devices, by means of which the reinforcing bars are kept at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell, can be selected and used, with different combinations for different Distances, especially vertical distances, the levels, especially vertical planes, result in which the Reinforcing bars are arranged.

Of particular advantage is a concrete molding insert that is designed to be arranged in a formwork before a befoning process, containing at least one displacement body that is arranged or can be arranged between two horizontally running reinforcement threads, which is held at a distance directly from receiving devices of the displacement body with the displacement body having a plurality of receiving devices which are arranged and/or designed in such a way that different vertical distances between the reinforcing bars can be implemented.

In an embodiment of the concrete molding insert that is particularly advantageous in terms of stability and material costs, at least one of the displacement bodies has exactly three reinforcing bars fixed to it, with preferably two reinforcing bars, in particular parallel to one another, on the undersides of the displacement bodies and one reinforcing bar the tops of the sinkers is held.

In very general terms, it can advantageously be provided that at least two reinforcing rods, in particular parallel to one another, are arranged on one side, in particular on the underside. In particular, it can also advantageously be provided that exactly one reinforcing bar is arranged on the other side, in particular on the upper side.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment and according to an independent inventive idea, which can also be implemented independently of the features mentioned in claim 1, the displacement bodies are designed as connecting elements which connect the reinforcing bars, in particular directly, to one another. With regard to the lowest possible material expenditure and ease of handling, it can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner that the displacement bodies are the only connecting elements that connect the reinforcing rods, in particular directly, to one another. In particular, it can be advantageously provided that at least one displacement body of the concrete molding insert as Connecting element† which connects two reinforcing bars which are arranged in different mutually parallel, in particular horizontal, planes.

An embodiment of the concrete molding insert is particularly advantageous in which individual reinforcing rods are connected to one another by means of the displacement bodies, which are not part of a reinforcing mat made of reinforcing rods welded to one another. In particular, it can advantageously be provided that at least one displacement body of the concrete molding insert connects at least two reinforcing rods with one another, which are arranged in different parallel, in particular horizontal, planes and which are arranged orthogonally to one another in the projection onto one of the planes. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided that at least one displacement body of the concrete molding insert connects two mutually parallel reinforcing bars which are arranged in different mutually parallel, in particular horizontal planes.

In this way, concrete molding inserts that are largely arbitrarily shaped and adapted to the respective spatial requirements can be produced, in particular on the construction site. In particular, not only concrete molding inserts can be produced in which all displacement bodies are arranged linearly in a row. Rather, for example, an angled concrete molding insert and/or a concrete molding insert which has a plurality of displacement bodies in each case† in two dimensions and extends over a larger area, for example the entire ceiling area in a building under construction,†. Such a concrete molding insert can be individually adapted to the shape and size of the concrete component to be produced, in particular a concrete slab, in a particularly advantageous manner construction site can take place.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that at least one displacement body of the concrete molding insert has at least one lower and connects at least one upper rebar which is orthogonal to each other in the projection, in particular on a plane which is parallel to both rebars and/or which is a horizontal plane. This can be realized in that the lower rebar is fixed to a lower receiving device of the displacement body, particularly advantageously by a snap-in connection, while an upper rebar in the projection orthogonal to the lower rebar is fixed to an upper receiving device of the displacement body , particularly advantageously by means of a snap-in connection.

Of particular advantage is a method for producing a concrete molding insert, in particular according to the invention, in which several displacement bodies according to the invention are arranged between at least two reinforcing bars, with those of the receiving devices for receiving the reinforcing bars being selected that have one for the respective application (in particular the Concrete part) desired distance between the planes, especially horizontal planes, allow the rebars.

Also of particular advantage is a method for producing a concrete component, in particular a concrete slab, in which at least one concrete molding insert according to the invention is arranged in a formwork, in particular fastened, and the formwork is filled with liquid concrete in one or more steps.

A concrete component, in particular a concrete surface, which contains at least one displacement body according to the invention and/or a concrete molding insert according to the invention† is particularly advantageous.

According to an independent idea of the invention, a concrete molding insert is particularly advantageous according to the aspects mentioned below, each of which can be realized alone or in combination with at least one of the features described above or in the claims. 1. Concrete molding insert, which is designed to be arranged in a formwork before a befoning process, with several displacement bodies, characterized by several individual reinforcement layers, which are arranged in at least two different parallel, in particular horizontal, planes, the displacement bodies being designed as connecting elements are and wherein the individual Bewehrungssfäbe of the different levels are connected to each other by means of the displacement body.

2. Forming insert according to aspect 1, characterized in that at least one displacement body of the forming insert connects at least two reinforcement fibers with one another, which are arranged in different parallel, in particular horizontal, planes and which are arranged orthogonally to one another in the projection onto one of the planes.

3. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one displacement body of the concrete molding insert connects two mutually parallel reinforcing rods which are arranged in different mutually parallel, in particular horizontal planes.

4. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the displacement bodies, preferably all displacement bodies, have a closed shell, wherein a. at least one first receiving device, which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar running in a first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell, and b. at least one second receiving device, which is designed to hold a rebar running in a second plane, which is parallel to and spaced from the first plane, at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell, c. at least one third receiving device adapted to hold a rebar extending in a third plane parallel and spaced apart from the first and second planes, spaced from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell to keep.

5. Concrete forming insert according to aspect 4, characterized by at least a fourth receiving device adapted to hold a reinforcing bar spaced from the closed one and extending in a fourth plane parallel to and spaced from the first and second and third planes Cover and / or to keep the reference plane of the closed shell.

6. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the displacement bodies is composed of a first displacement body part and a second displacement body part.

7. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 6, characterized in that the first displacement body part has a first connecting device and that the second displacement body part has a second

Connecting device comprising†, wherein the first connecting device and the second connecting device cooperate and connect the first displacer part and the second displacer part.

8. The concrete molding insert according to aspect 7, characterized in that the first connection device and the second connection device are of the same design.

9. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 7 or 8, characterized in that the first connecting device and the second

Connecting device each have at least one Rastelemen†.

10. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 6 to 9, characterized in that the first displacement body part and the second displacement body part are each shell-shaped and can be or are connected to one another by performing a connecting movement perpendicular to the plane of the shell opening by means of the connecting devices. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 6 to 10, characterized in that the first displacement body part has a sealing groove that runs at least partially around the edge and into which a spring of the second displacement body part engages and/or that the second displacement body part has a sealing groove that runs at least partially around the edge. exhibit† which is engaged by a spring of the first displacer part†. Concrete molding insert according to one of the aspects 6 to 11, characterized in that the first displacement body part has a first sealing nut† running around half the edge, in which a second spring of the second displacement body part running around half the edge engages†, and in that the second Displacement body part has a second sealing nut running around half of the edge, in which a first spring of the first displacement body part running around half of the edge engages. Concrete molding pad according to any one of aspects 4 to 12, characterized in that at least two of the receiving devices are located on different sides of the closed shell. Concrete molding insert according to any one of aspects 4 to 13, characterized in that at least two of the planes are on different sides of the closed shell and/or the reference plane. Concrete molding pad according to any one of aspects 4 to 14, characterized in that at least two of the receiving devices are located on an underside of the closed shell. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 15, characterized in that several of the receiving devices arranged on the underside of the closed shell are designed as feet. Concrete molding insert according to one of the aspects 4 to 16, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has a groove into which a reinforcement bar can be inserted in a form-fitting manner. Concrete molding insert according to any one of aspects 4 to 17, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two grooves which are arranged in such a way that a probation bar can be inserted in both grooves with a positive fit.

19. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 4 to 18, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has a hook which is designed to grip around a probation bar.

20. Concrete molding insert according to one of the aspects 4 to 19, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two hooks which are designed and arranged to grip around the same reinforcement bar.

21. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 19 or 20, characterized in that the hook is designed as a snap hook and/or locking hook or that the hooks are designed as snap hooks and/or locking hooks.

22. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 4 to 21, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has a clamping gap.

23. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 22, characterized in that the clamping gap is formed between two clamping edges that are not parallel to one another.

24. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 22 or 23, characterized in that the clamping gap is formed between two cones or truncated cones.

25. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 4 to 24, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two clamping gaps which are arranged in such a way that a probation bar can be inserted in both clamping gaps with a positive fit.

26. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 25, characterized in that at least one of the displacement bodies, in particular on the same side, has at least two receiving devices†, one of the

Recording devices, in particular exclusively, trained for this† is to receive a probationary bar oriented† along a first direction and wherein the other receiving device is adapted, in particular exclusively, to receive a probationary bar oriented in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

27. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 26, characterized in that at least one of the displacement bodies, in particular on the same base, has at least two receiving devices, one of the receiving devices being designed, in particular exclusively, to receive a probation rod which is along oriented† in one direction, and wherein the other receiving device is adapted, in particular exclusively, to receive a probationary bar oriented† in the same direction. 28. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 4 to 27, characterized in that at least one of the displacement bodies has different combinations of receiving devices, by means of which the reinforcing bars are held at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell , can be selected and used, with different distances, in particular vertical distances, of the planes, in particular vertical planes, resulting for different combinations, in which the rebars are arranged. 29. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 28, characterized in that at least one of the displacement bodies, in particular on the underside, has at least two reinforcing bars arranged parallel to one another on one side.

30. Concrete molding insert according to aspect 29, characterized in that exactly one reinforcing bar is arranged on another side of the displacement body, in particular on the upper side.

31. Concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 30, characterized in that the individual reinforcing bars of different levels are connected to one another exclusively by means of the displacement bodies and/or that the displacement bodies are the only connecting elements that connect the reinforcement rods to one another. 32. Concrete forming insert according to any one of aspects 1 to 31, characterized in that none of the reinforcing bars is welded to any other of the reinforcing bars and/or that the individual reinforcing bars are not welded to the other reinforcing bars and/or that the individual reinforcing bars are not part of a rebar and/or that the individual rebars are not welded to other rebars to form a rebar grid and/or are not part of a, in particular welded, construction fabric.

33. A method for producing a concrete molding insert according to any one of aspects 1 to 32, characterized in that individual

Reinforcing bars, which preferably have no material connection and in particular no welded connection, are arranged in at least two different levels and, in particular exclusively, are connected to one another by means of displacement bodies. 34. A method for producing a concrete component, in particular one

Concrete ceiling, characterized in that at least one concrete molding insert according to one of aspects 1 to 32 is arranged, in particular fastened, in a formwork and that the formwork is filled with liquid concrete in one or more steps. 35. Concrete component, in particular concrete cover, containing at least one

A molding insert according to any one of aspects 1 to 32.

The subject of the invention is shown schematically and by way of example in the drawing and is described below with reference to the figures, elements which are the same or have the same effect are usually provided with the same reference symbols, even in different exemplary embodiments. show: Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a first

Embodiment of an inventive

displacement body, Fig. 2 to 6 schematically the first embodiment of a displacement body according to the invention with reinforcement threads held in different planes,

7 shows a schematic view from above of a second exemplary embodiment of one according to the invention

displacement body,

8 is a schematic bottom view of the second embodiment of one according to the invention

displacement body,

Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of the second embodiment looking in direction B-B, Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the second embodiment looking in direction A-A,

Fig. 11 is a schematic top view of the second embodiment of a device according to the invention

displacement body with a first constellation of held reinforcement threads,

12 is a schematic bottom view of the second embodiment of one according to the invention

displacement body with the first constellation of held reinforcement threads,

13 shows a schematic side view looking in direction BB of the second exemplary embodiment with the first constellation of held reinforcement threads looking in direction BB, Figure 14 shows schematically a top view of the second

Embodiment of an inventive

displacement body with a second constellation of held reinforcement threads,

Figure 15 is a schematic bottom view of the second

Embodiment of an inventive

displacement body with the second constellation of held reinforcement threads,

Fig. 16 shows a schematic side view looking in direction B-B of the second embodiment with the second constellation of held reinforcement threads looking in direction B-B,

Figure 17 is a schematic top view of the second

Embodiment of an inventive

displacement body with a drifting constellation of held reinforcement threads,

Figure 18 is a schematic bottom view of the second

Embodiment of an inventive

displacement body with the drifting constellation of held reinforcement threads,

Fig. 19 is a schematic side view looking in direction B-B of the second embodiment with the third constellation of held reinforcement threads looking in direction B-B, Fig. 20 is a schematic side view looking in direction A-A of the second embodiment with the third constellation of held reinforcement threads,

21 shows a schematic detail view of an exemplary embodiment of a receiving device according to the invention displacement body,

22 shows a schematic detailed view of a third exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention

displacement body.

23 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a displacement body according to the invention, FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a shaping insert according to the invention,

25 shows a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of a molding insert according to the invention,

26 shows a detailed view of the second exemplary embodiment of a shaping insert according to the invention,

27 shows a view of a third exemplary embodiment of a molding insert according to the invention,

28 is a view of a fourth embodiment of a concrete molding insert according to the invention, FIG. 29 is a view of a fifth embodiment of a concrete molding insert according to the invention, and

30 is a view of a sixth embodiment of a concrete form insert according to the invention.

1 shows a schematic side view of a first exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 1 according to the invention with a closed shell 2. For the sake of clarity, no reinforcement colors are drawn in FIG. On the other hand, Figures 2 to 4 show an example of the displacement body 1 with different constellations of Reinforcing bars, which in this embodiment run perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, not all possible constellations being shown.

The displacement body 1 has two first receiving devices 3 on its upper side, which are designed to hold a reinforcing bar running in a first plane 4 at a distance (of, for example, 20 mm) from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal , reference plane 5 of the closed shell 2 to keep.

The displacement body 1 also has a second receiving device 6 on its upper side, which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar at a distance in a second plane 7, which is parallel and spaced from the first plane 4 (and perpendicular to the plane of the drawing). (of, for example, 15 mm) to the closed shell 2 and / or to the

Maintain reference plane 5 of the closed envelope.

The displacement body 1 has on its underside two third receiving devices 8 which are designed to each have a reinforcing bar running at a distance in a third plane 9 which is parallel to the first plane 4 and the second plane 7 and spaced apart (For example, 20 mm) to the closed shell 2 and / or to the

Reference level 5 of the closed shell 2 to keep.

The displacement body 1 also has on its underside a fourth receiving device 10 which is designed to hold a device in a fourth plane 11 which is parallel to and spaced from the first plane 4 and the second plane 7 and the third plane 9, running rebar at a distance (of, for example, 15 mm) to keep the closed shell 2 and / or to the reference plane 5 of the closed shell 2.

Figure 2 shows the first embodiment in a first possible constellation of held rebars 12, 13. In this constellation, two lower rebars 12 are held by the third receiving devices 8 on the underside, while an upper rebar 13 is on the top is held by the second receiving device 6. The longitudinal extension directions of the probationary rods 12, 13 run perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The second level 7, in which the upper probationary area 13 is arranged, and the third level 9, in which the lower probationary area 12 is arranged, are at a first distance 14 from one another.

Figure 3 shows the first embodiment in a second possible constellation of held probation bars 12, 13. In this constellation, two lower probation bars 12 are held by the third receiving devices 8 on the underside, while on the upper side two upper probation bars 13 are held by the first receiving devices 3 are held. The longitudinal extension directions of the probation bars 12, 13 are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The first level 4, in which the upper reinforcement bars 13 are arranged, and the third level 9, in which the lower reinforcement bars 12 are arranged, are at a second distance 15 from one another, which is greater than the first distance 14.

Figure 4 shows the first embodiment in a third possible constellation of held rebars 12, 13. In this constellation, a lower rebar 12 is held by the fourth receiving device 10 on the underside, while on the upper side an upper rebar 13 is held by the second receiving device 6 is held. The longitudinal extension directions of the probation bars 12, 13 are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The second level 7, in which the upper reinforcement bar 13 is arranged, and the fourth level 11, in which the lower reinforcement bar 12 is arranged, have a third distance 16 from one another, which is smaller than the first distance 14 and the second distance 16 .

Figure 5 shows the first embodiment in a fourth possible constellation of held rebars 12, 13. In this constellation, two lower rebars 12 are held by the third receiving devices 8 on the underside, while on the top a single upper rebar 13 is held by one of the first Recording devices 3 is held. In this respect, there is an asymmetrical arrangement of the upper reinforcing bar 13 on the upper side. The longitudinal directions of the probation bars 12, 13 are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The first level 4, in which the upper reinforcement bars 13 are arranged, and the third level 9, in which the lower reinforcement bars 12 are arranged, are at a second distance 15 from one another, which is greater than the first distance 14.

Figure 6 shows the first embodiment in a fifth possible constellation of held probation bars 12, 13. In this constellation, a single lower probation bar 12 is held by one of the third receiving devices 8 on the underside, while on the upper side two upper probation bars 13 are held by the first receiving devices 3 are held. In that regard, there is an asymmetrical arrangement of the lower reinforcing bar 12 on the underside. The longitudinal extension directions of the probation bars 12, 13 are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The first level 4, in which the upper reinforcement bars 13 are arranged, and the third level 9, in which the lower reinforcement bars 12 are arranged, are at a second distance 15 from one another, which is greater than the first distance 14.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view from above of a second exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention.

The displacement body 1 has three first receiving devices 3 on its upper side, which are designed to hold an upper reinforcing bar 13 running in a first plane 4 at a distance from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane 5 of the closed shell 2 to hold. Two of the first fixtures 3 are adapted to each hold an upper rebar 13 oriented in direction B-B. Another of the first fixtures 3 is adapted to hold an upper reinforcing bar 13 oriented in the direction A-A.

The displacement body 1 has three second receiving devices 6 on its upper side, which are designed to hold an upper reinforcing bar 13 running in a second plane 7 at a distance from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane 5 of the closed shell 2 to hold. Two of the first Receiving devices 3 are designed to support an upper reinforcement strip 13 oriented in the direction AA. Another of the first receiving devices 3 is designed to support an upper reinforcement strip 13 oriented in the BB direction.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic view from below of the second exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention.

The displacement body 1 has three drifts on its underside

Recording devices 8 which are designed to help a lower reinforcement fabric 12 running in a third plane 9 at a distance from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane 5 of the closed shell 2. Two of the drifts

Receiving devices 3 are designed to support each lower reinforcement strip 12 oriented in direction B-B. Another of the third receptacles 8 is adapted to support an upper armor web 12 oriented in the A-A direction.

The displacement body 1 has three fourths on its underside

Recording devices 10, which are designed to support a lower reinforcement fabric 12 running in a fourth plane 11 at a distance from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane 5 of the closed shell 2. Two of the fourth

Receptacles 10 are configured to support each lower reinforcement strip 12 oriented in direction A-A. Another of the fourth receptacles 10 is adapted to support a lower reinforcement fabric 12 oriented in the B-B direction.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic side view of the second exemplary embodiment looking in direction B-B, only the receiving devices for holding the reinforcement threads 12, 13 aligned in direction B-B being shown for the sake of better clarity.

Fig.10 shows a schematic side view of the second exemplary embodiment, looking in the direction AA, with only the Receiving devices for holding the reinforcement rods 12, 13 oriented in direction AA are shown.

Fig. 11 shows schematically a top view of the second

Exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention with a first constellation of assisted reinforcement threads 12, 13.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic view of the second from below

Embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention with the first constellation of held rebars 12, 13. Two lower rebars 12 are held by the third receiving devices 8 on the underside.

Fig. 13 schematically shows a side view looking in direction B-B of the second embodiment with the first constellation of held

Rebars 12, 13. It can be seen that the upper and lower rebars 12,13 are in the second level 7 and in the third level 9 and have a first spacing 14 from one another.

Fig. 14 schematically shows a top view of the second

Embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention with a second constellation of held rebars 12, 13. On the

On the upper side, two upper reinforcing bars 13 oriented in direction B-B are held by the first fixtures 3.

Fig. 15 schematically shows a bottom view of the second

Embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention with the second constellation of held rebars 12, 13. On the

Two lower probation bars 12 are held by the third receiving devices 8 on the underside.

FIG. 16 schematically shows a side view looking in direction BB of the second exemplary embodiment with the second constellation of held Reinforcement bars 12, 13. It can be seen that the upper and lower reinforcement bars 12,13 are in the first level 4 and in the third level 9 and have a second distance 15 from one another, which is greater than the first distance 14.

Fig. 17 shows schematically a top view of the second

Exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention with a third constellation of held rebars 12, 13. On the upper side, a single upper rebar 13, which is aligned in the direction B-B, is held by the second receiving device 6.

Fig. 18 shows schematically a bottom view of the second

Embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention mi† the third constellation of held rebars 12, 13. On the underside, two lower probation bars 12 are held by the third receiving devices 8.

Fig. 19 schematically shows a side view looking in the direction B-B of the second exemplary embodiment with the third constellation of held

Reinforcement bars 12, 13. It can be seen that the upper and lower

Probationary tests 12, 13 are located in the second plane 7 and in the fourth plane 11 and have a drift distance 16 from one another which is smaller than the first distance 14 and smaller than the second distance 15.

Fig. 20 schematically shows a side view looking in the direction A-A of the second exemplary embodiment with the third constellation of held

Reinforcement bars 12, 13. It can also be seen in this figure that the upper and lower reinforcement bars 12, 13 are in the second level 7 and in the fourth level 11 and have a third distance 16 from one another, which is smaller than the first distance 14 and is smaller than the second distance 15.

21 shows a schematic detailed view of an exemplary embodiment of a receiving device 17 of a displacement body 2 according to the invention, which can be, for example, a first receiving device 3, a second receiving device 6, etc. The receiving device 17 has several different functional elements for producing frictional connections and form-fitting connections with a reinforcing bar 12, 13. However, it is possible that another possible receiving device may have completely or partially different functional elements and/or a different combination of these functional elements (or some of these functional elements) with other functional elements†.

The receiving device 17 has a groove 18 into which a probation rod 12, 13 (shown in broken lines in the figure) can be inserted in a form-fitting manner.

The receiving device 17 also has a hook 19 which is designed to engage around a probation bar 12, 13 and which is designed as a snap hook. The hook 18 is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees to the direction of longitudinal extent of the reinforcing bar 12, 13 to be held. An elastically movable upper part 20 of the hook is pressed when inserting a rebar 12, 13 of the rebar 12, 13 to the side and then jumps back into its original position due to its elasticity over the rebar 12, 13, so that the

Rebar 12, 13 is surrounded by the hook 19 and is held.

The receiving device 17 also has a clamping gap 21 . The clamping gap 21 is formed between two truncated cones 22 which protrude from the closed shell 2 .

Fig. 22 shows a detailed view of a third exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 2 according to the invention with a first receiving device 3 which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar 12, 13 running in a first plane 4 at a distance (of, for example, 20 mm) from the closed shell 2. and with a second receiving device 6 which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar 12, 13 running in a second plane 7 at a distance (of, for example, 15 mm) from the closed shell 2. 23 shows a perspective view of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a displacement body 1 according to the invention. The displacement body 1 is composed of a first displacement body part 23 and a second displacement body part 24 . The first displacement body part 23 and the second displacement body part 24 have the same design and are connected to one another in a latching manner by means of first and second connecting devices 25, 26.

The displacement body 1 has three first receiving devices 3 on its upper side, which are designed to each have an upper reinforcing bar 13 running in a first plane 4 at a distance from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal,

Reference level 5 of the closed shell 2 to keep.

The displacement body 1 also has three second receiving devices 6 on its upper side, which are designed to each have an upper reinforcing bar 13 running in a second plane 7 at a distance from the closed shell 2 and/or from a, in particular horizontal,

Reference level 5 of the closed shell 2 to keep.

The receiving devices 3, 6 have a plurality of grooves 18 into which a probation rod 12, 13 can be inserted in a form-fitting manner. The receiving devices 3, 6 also have hooks 19 which are designed to grip around a probation rod 12, 13 in each case. In this embodiment, each of the hooks 19 belongs to two of the receiving devices 3, 6. The receiving devices 3, 6 also have a plurality of clamping gaps 21 which are each formed between two truncated cones 22 which protrude from the closed shell 2.

24 shows a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention, which has a plurality of displacement bodies 1 arranged in a row. The displacement bodies 1 of the concrete molding insert 27 act as connecting elements which connect four reinforcing bars 12, 13 which are arranged in different horizontal planes. Specifically, the lower reinforcing rods 12 are fixed to the displacement body 1 by means of third receiving devices 8, while the upper reinforcement rods 13 are fixed by means of the first receiving devices 3 of the displacement body 1 †.

25 shows a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention, which has a plurality of displacement bodies 1 arranged in a row. In this embodiment, lower reinforcing bars 12 are fixed to the displacement body 1 by means of third receiving devices 8, while an upper reinforcing bar 13 is fixed to the displacement body 1 by means of second receiving devices 6, whereby a smaller distance between the planes of the upper and lower reinforcing bars 12, 13 is realized. than in the first exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention.

26 shows a detailed view of the second exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention.

Fig. 27 shows a view from above of a third exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention, in which each displacement body 1 is connected with two lower reinforcing bars 12 and with an upper reinforcing bar 13, the lower reinforcing bars 12 being projected onto a horizontal Plane orthogonal to the upper rebars 13 are arranged†.

Fig. 28 shows a view from above of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention, in which each displacement body 1 is connected with two lower reinforcing bars 12 and with two upper reinforcing bars 13, the lower reinforcing bars 12 being projected onto a horizontal Plane orthogonal to the upper rebars 13 are arranged†.

Fig. 29 shows a view from above of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention, in which each displacement body 1 is connected with a lower reinforcing bar 12 and with an upper reinforcing bar 13, the lower reinforcing bars 12 being projected onto a horizontal Plane orthogonal to the top rebars 13 are arranged†.

30 shows a view from above of a sixth exemplary embodiment of a concrete molding insert 27 according to the invention, in which each displacement body 1 has two lower reinforcing bars 12 and one upper reinforcing bar

13 is connected, the lower reinforcing bars 12 being arranged orthogonally to the upper reinforcing bars 13 in the projection onto a horizontal plane. The exemplary embodiments of the concrete molding inserts 27, in particular the sixth exemplary embodiment, show that the displacement bodies 1 according to the invention together with individual reinforcing rods 12, 13, which are preferably not directly connected to other reinforcing rods, in particular welded, and which in particular are not part a welded reinforcement mat, can form concrete molding inserts 27 that are largely arbitrarily shaped and adapted to the respective spatial requirements.

Reference character list:

1 displacement body

2 closed case

3 first recording device

4 first level

5 reference plane

6 second recording device

7 second level

8 drift pick-up device

9 third level

10 fourth recording device

11 fourth level

12 lower reinforcement sab

13 upper reinforcement sab

14 first distance

15 second distance

16 third distance

17 recording device

18 numbers

19 hooks

20 upper part of the hook 19

21 Pinch Gap†

22 truncated cone

23 First displacer part

24 Second displacer part

25 connecting device

26 connecting device

27 concrete molding insert

Claims

patent claims

1. A sinker with a closed shell, which is designed to be placed in a formwork prior to a concreting operation, which a. has at least one first receiving device, which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar running in a first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from a, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell, and b. at least one second receiving device which is designed to hold a rebar running in a second plane which is parallel and spaced from the first plane at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell, c. at least one third receiving device adapted to hold a rebar extending in a third plane parallel and spaced apart from the first and second planes, spaced from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell to keep.

2. Displacement body according to claim 1, characterized by at least a fourth receiving device which is designed to hold a reinforcing bar running in a fourth plane which is parallel and spaced from the first and the second and the third plane at a distance from the closed Cover and / or to keep the reference plane of the closed shell.

3. displacement body according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the displacement body is composed of a first displacement body part and a second displacement body part.

4. Displacement body according to claim 3, characterized in that the first displacement body part has a first connecting device. and that the second displacer part has a second

5. Displacement body according to claim 4, characterized in that the first connecting device and the second connecting device are of the same design.

6. displacement body according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the first connecting device and the second

Connecting device each have at least one Rastelemen†.

7. Displacement body according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the first displacement body part and the second displacement body part are each shell-shaped and can be or are connected to one another by performing a connecting movement perpendicular to the plane of the shell opening by means of the connecting devices.

8. Displacement body according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the first displacement body part has a sealing groove at least partially surrounding the edge, in which a spring of the second displacement body part engages and/or that the second displacement body part has a sealing groove at least partially on the edge Circumferential seal groove† in which a spring of the first

displacer part engaging†.

9. Displacement body according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the first displacement body part has a first sealing nut running around half of the edge, into which a second spring of the second displacement body part running around half of the edge engages, and that the second displacement body part has a second sealing nut† running around half the edge, in which a first spring of the first displacement body part running around half the edge engages†.

10. displacement body according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that there are at least two of the receiving devices on different soaps of the closed shell.

1 1. displacement body according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that there are at least two of the planes on different levels of the closed shell and / or the reference plane.

12. displacement body according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that there are at least two of the receiving devices on an underside of the closed shell.

13. Displacement body according to claim 12, characterized in that several of the receiving devices arranged on the underside of the closed envelope are designed as finger feet.

14. Displacement body according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has a groove into which a probation rod can be inserted in a form-fitting manner.

15. Displacement body according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two grooves which are arranged in such a way that one (and the same) probation rod can be positively inserted into both grooves.

16. Displacement body according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has a hook which is designed to engage around a probation bar.

17. Displacement body according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two hooks which are designed and arranged to encompass the same probation bar.

18. Displacement body according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the hook is designed as a snap hook and/or latching hook or that the hooks are designed as snap hooks and/or latching hooks.

19. Displacement body according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has a clamping gap.

20. Displacement body according to claim 19, characterized in that the clamping gap is formed between two clamping cannons which are not parallel to one another.

21. Displacement body according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the clamping gap is formed between two cones or cone sockets.

22. Displacement body according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that at least one of the receiving devices has at least two clamping gaps which are arranged in such a way that one (and the same) probation rod can be positively inserted into both clamping gaps.

23. Displacement body according to one of Claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the displacement body has at least two receiving devices, in particular on the same side, one of the receiving devices being designed, in particular exclusively, to receive a probation rod which extends along a first direction oriented†, and wherein the other receiving device, in particular exclusively, is adapted to receive a probationary bar oriented† in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

24. Displacement body according to one of Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the displacement body has at least two receiving devices, in particular on the same side, one of the receiving devices being designed, in particular exclusively, to receive a probation rod which is aligned along one direction †, and wherein the other receiving device, in particular exclusively, is adapted to receive a probation bar oriented† in the same direction.

25. Concrete molding insert mi† several displacement bodies according to any one of claims 1 to 24, between at least two rebars are arranged†, each of the rebars being held in one of the receiving devices at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the reference plane of the closed shell.

26. Forming insert according to claim 25, characterized in that different combinations of receiving devices, by means of which the reinforcement rods are kept at a distance from the closed shell and/or from the, in particular horizontal, reference plane of the closed shell, can be selected and used, with different Combinations of different distances, in particular verfical distances, result in the planes, in particular vertical planes, in which the reinforcement threads are arranged.

27. Concrete molding insert according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that on one side, in particular on the underside, at least two reinforcing rods, in particular parallel to one another, are arranged.

28. Concrete molding insert according to claim 27, characterized in that exactly one reinforcing bar is arranged on another side, in particular on the upper side.

29. Concrete molding insert according to one of claims 25 to 28, characterized in that the displacement bodies are designed as connecting elements which connect the reinforcing rods to one another, in particular directly.

30. Concrete molding insert according to claim 29, characterized in that the displacement bodies are the only connecting elements that connect the reinforcing bars to one another, in particular directly.

31. Concrete molding insert, in particular according to one of claims 25 to 30, which is designed to be arranged in a formwork before a concreting process, containing at least one displacement body, which is or can be arranged between two horizontally running reinforcing rods, which directly are kept at a distance from receiving devices of the displacement body, the displacement body having several Recording devices exhibit† which are arranged and/or designed in such a way that different vertical distances between the reinforcing bars can be realized

32. A method for producing a concrete molding insert, in particular a concrete molding insert according to one of claims 25 to 31, characterized in that several displacement bodies according to one of claims 1 to 24 are arranged between at least two reinforcing bars, with those of the receiving devices for receiving the reinforcing bars being selected. are a distance between the levels desired for the respective application, in particular

Horizontal planes that allow reinforcing bars.

33. Method for producing a concrete component, in particular a concrete surface, characterized in that at least one concrete molding insert according to one of claims 25 to 31 and/or at least one according to the method according to claim 31 is produced

Befonforming insert arranged in a formwork, in particular fastened, and that the formwork is filled with liquid concrete in one or more steps.

34. Concrete component, in particular concrete surface, containing at least one displacement body according to one of claims 1 to 24 or a concrete molding insert according to one of claims 25 to 31.