EP4323259A1 - Composant structural et véhicule - Google Patents

Composant structural et véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP4323259A1
EP4323259A1 EP22723356.6A EP22723356A EP4323259A1 EP 4323259 A1 EP4323259 A1 EP 4323259A1 EP 22723356 A EP22723356 A EP 22723356A EP 4323259 A1 EP4323259 A1 EP 4323259A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structural component
coolant
air
structural
component according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22723356.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Peter Dahm
Holger Seidlitz
Felix Kuke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet Cottbus Senftenberg Koerperschaft Des Oeffentlichen Rechts
Tgm Lightweight Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet Cottbus Senftenberg Koerperschaft Des Oeffentlichen Rechts
Tgm Lightweight Solutions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet Cottbus Senftenberg Koerperschaft Des Oeffentlichen Rechts, Tgm Lightweight Solutions GmbH filed Critical Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet Cottbus Senftenberg Koerperschaft Des Oeffentlichen Rechts
Publication of EP4323259A1 publication Critical patent/EP4323259A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/17—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted forming fluid or electrical conduit means or having other means to accommodate the transmission of a force or signal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F28D2021/0092—Radiators with particular location on vehicle, e.g. under floor or on roof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/06—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes composite, e.g. polymers with fillers or fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a structural component and a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle having one.
  • Effective cooling of a combustion engine is a prerequisite for high performance.
  • an increase in the cooling capacity is accompanied by a multiplication of the cooling elements and thus both with an increase in the weight of the vehicle and with an increased space requirement for the cooling elements in the engine compartment.
  • the materials currently used for current heat transfer systems are mainly stainless steel, aluminum and unreinforced plastics in order to ensure the required resistance to corrosion and media.
  • the materials currently used for current heat transfer systems are mainly stainless steel, aluminum and unreinforced plastics in order to ensure the required resistance to corrosion and media.
  • the object of the invention is now to provide a way of increasing the space available for a drive unit, in particular a motor, while increasing or at least maintaining the cooling capacity in such a way that no visible adjustments to the outer vehicle geometry are necessary.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a structural component for a vehicle, which has at least one shaping structural element, which has at least one closed coolant channel connected to the structural element in a form-fitting or material-locking manner for conducting a coolant fluid, as well as a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet for connecting the coolant channel to an external one Has coolant circuit.
  • the structural component according to the invention is set up to enable heat exchange between a surface and the coolant that is or can be guided in the coolant channel.
  • the structural component acts as a heat exchanger, or the heat exchanger is integrated into the structural component.
  • the structural component assumes at least part of the cooling capacity in a vehicle.
  • the cooling capacity at least achieves that of a conventional heat exchanger.
  • Structural components are therefore characterized by a particularly large surface-to-volume ratio.
  • the weight is reduced many times over. This is achieved in that the shaping outer surface has a very small wall thickness and stabilizing elements extend from this at a defined point.
  • the structural element is to be understood as meaning the shaping outer surface.
  • the coolant channel is designed as a stabilizing element of the structural component.
  • the coolant channel itself is therefore not to be arranged on an outer surface of the structural component.
  • the arrangement of the coolant channel does not determine the external geometry of the structural component.
  • no additional structures of the heat exchanger are preferably required.
  • the heat exchanger is integrated into the structural element in such a way that it uses the existing structure.
  • the structural element and/or the coolant channel has an area which has or consists of a polymer interspersed with carbon elements.
  • a polymer interspersed with carbon elements.
  • Such polymers are known, for example, from DE 102019 106387, DE 102018 102061 and DE 102017 108079 and are characterized by particularly high thermal conductivity.
  • the structural element dissipates heat from the coolant channel via the wall thickness and its entire outer surface, and the cooling fluid is thus cooled.
  • the carbon elements, carbon particles, graphene and/or carbon fibers and/or nanotubes are particularly advantageous. These turned out to be particularly suitable for increasing the thermal conductivity and, depending on the design, also for strengthening the structural component. It was also shown that the heat conduction is further optimized if the carbon elements are specifically arranged in the material, that is, on the one hand, are in contact with one another and/or are aligned with one another and with the surface of the structural element. It is particularly preferred if the direction of extension of the fibers or tubes or of the particles which are in contact with one another are arranged at an angle in the range from 10 to 90°, in particular in the range from 30 to 90°. This increases the rapid dissipation of heat.
  • structural components are large, thin-walled parts. This means that the amounts of material are relatively small compared to the part surface.
  • the structural components also have thick-walled sections with accumulations of material. In relation to the mold surface, this creates areas that are thermally undercooled on the one hand and places that are thermally overloaded on the other.
  • Such accumulations of material are preferably provided on sections of the structural element which extend perpendicularly from an adjacent surface, ie a profile structure and/or a tapering of the surface results. With conventional materials, there is a risk of thermal bridges in these sections, which is reduced by the preferred orientation of the carbon elements of the structural component according to the invention, in particular in the preferred embodiment.
  • the structural element has one, preferably a plurality of through openings.
  • adjacent walls of the passage openings have a distance in the range of 0.5 to 10 cm, preferably 1 to 5 cm. The distance is proportional to the laminarity of a fluid flowing through the channel.
  • the passage openings preferably have a honeycomb, round, elliptical, meandering or other regular cross section.
  • Such through-openings can, for example, be designed to carry fluid and therefore, when used as intended, a coolant or air can flow through them.
  • the structural component in particular the shaping surface and/or a stabilizing element, forms an open or closed air duct for directed air flow, at least in regions.
  • the area of the structural element forming the air duct or adjoining it has the carbon elements.
  • the heat-exchanging unit has a larger volume flow with a partially increased flow rate.
  • the resulting air flow enables an additional coolant reduction.
  • the structure enables turbulent flows on the walls of the through openings and their end sections, which largely leads to an increase in the molecular contacts on the surface and thus to higher heat transfer.
  • the air flowing out of the air duct is guided in such a way that lift and downforce effects can be achieved in a targeted manner, which, for example, increase the performance of sports cars or positively influence the flight characteristics of an aircraft.
  • an air duct is to be understood as an element that directs and limits an air flow, which has an air inlet through which the air flows into the air duct and an air outlet arranged downstream, as well as a plurality of walls which limit the sides of the duct.
  • the air flow guided in the duct is laminar and/or turbulent.
  • a closed air duct of a vehicle is, for example, delimited on all sides by one or more components and leads, for example, outside air to a cooler arranged inside, for example in the engine compartment or in the area of a side sill.
  • Open air ducts are open on at least one side of the duct, ie have no wall there. Such open air ducts are arranged, for example, at the rear of a vehicle or on the top or bottom of wings.
  • branches of the structural elements in the form of lamellae, honeycombs, fins or rods extend into or through the air duct in relation to its cross section.
  • the arrangement of the further structural elements leads to a significant increase in stability, particularly when the branches extend through the air duct, ie connect two opposing walls of the air duct. This is particularly advantageous for the configuration of the structural component according to the invention as an active or crash-loaded structural component.
  • branches are designed in such a way that they extend not only over the cross section but over the entire length of the air duct, they form a plurality of open or closed sub-ducts in the air duct and thereby increase the heat-exchanging surface of the structural element and, if necessary, the flow rate. If, on the other hand, they are only arranged in one section relative to the length of the air duct, they act as disruptors and primarily influence the type of air flow.
  • the wall in the area of the passage openings has a wall thickness in the range from 0.5 to 30 mm, preferably in the range from 1 to 10 mm.
  • the structural component is advantageously designed for air discharge, air forwarding and/or air ducting, in particular as an air baffle, spoiler, floor baffle, monocoque, crash element, side member, side skirts, air intake unit, in particular radiator grille or as part of one of the aforementioned and/or part of a body, a car body structure , a chassis structure, an aircraft fuselage, an aircraft wing or a rocket stage. It was found that in these configurations the structural component can take over the function of a conventional cooler and can even surpass the cooling capacity that can be provided by such a cooler. As a result, the engine output can be further increased with the same engine compartment size and reduced weight.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle having a cooling circuit, an air flow duct and a structural component according to the invention, the coolant duct being connected to the cooling circuit in a fluid-conducting manner or being part of the cooling circuit.
  • a cooler having cooling ribs through which fluid flows is replaced by the structural component.
  • the weight of the vehicle as well as the engine compartment occupied by the heat exchanger is significantly reduced with at least the same cooling capacity and the power can therefore be increased by a drive unit, in particular by an internal combustion engine, with the external vehicle geometry remaining the same.
  • Figure 1 a perspective cross-sectional drawing of a detail of a structural component according to the invention in the area of an air duct in a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 a sectional drawing of a section of a structural component according to the invention in the area of an air duct in a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 a schematic detailed drawing of a section of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional drawing of a detail of a structural component 10 according to the invention in a perspective view.
  • the structural component 10 has a structural element 1, which is in branched in the embodiment shown in such a way that a plurality of honeycomb-shaped channels 5a is formed, of which a closed honeycomb is shown in the detail shown.
  • the channels 5a preferably have a diameter in the range from 0.2 mm to 200 mm. The larger the diameter of the channels 5a, the larger the volume flow flowing in them and the larger the proportion of laminar flow.
  • the branches 1a of the structural element 1 extend to the left, so that the branches 1a form a closed channel 5a.
  • the closed duct 5a can serve to guide an air flow L.
  • the structural component 10 has a coolant channel 3 .
  • the coolant channel 3 is designed as a closed channel for conducting a fluid, for example a liquid or gaseous coolant.
  • the coolant channel 3 runs transversely to the flow direction of the air flow L, so that a flow direction of a fluid flow F runs transversely to the flow direction of the air flow.
  • the structural component has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet (both not shown), both of which are connected to the coolant channel 3 in a fluid-conducting manner.
  • the structural component 10 has in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) 3 and is manufactured, in particular in the section shown.
  • CFRP fiber-reinforced plastic
  • the structural component 10 also has carbon elements 3a.
  • These carbon elements 3a as particles, or preferably in the form of short fibers, with a length of up to 1 mm and a thickness in the range of 5-6 pm, long and / or continuous fibers with a length of 1 mm and a thickness also in range of 5-6 pm, carbon nanotubes with a diameter from 0.4 nm, or carbon particles with particle sizes in the range of 10-70 pm.
  • metal powder which preferably has a particle diameter of more than 15 ⁇ m or, in the case of a diameter of less than 15 ⁇ m, has been processed into filaments by means of compounding.
  • the carbon elements 3a are preferably aligned in polymer 3 essentially transversely to the material thickness of the polymer 3 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a structural component 10 according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment. Shown is the cross section of an air duct 5, which is provided, for example, in a motor vehicle for guiding outside air into the engine compartment.
  • the structural component 10 has a structural element 1 delimiting the air duct 5 on three sides. On a surface of the structural element 1 facing the interior of the air duct 5, fin-shaped branches 1a of the structural element 1 extend into the air duct 5 and form open ducts 5b.
  • the fins pierce the structural element so that they also emerge from the structural element 1 on a surface of the structural element 1 that is remote from the air duct 5 .
  • the fin-shaped branches 1a are reinforced in the area of the puncture point to stabilize the fins, ie they have an accumulation 4 of material.
  • the structural component 10 has a coolant duct 2 which adjoins the structural element 1 and is connected to the cooling duct 2 in a form-fitting and/or material-locking manner in the embodiment shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detailed drawing of the embodiment of the structural component 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2. This shows in particular the orientation of the carbon elements 3a.
  • the carbon elements 3a preferably extend in the direction of extension in the area of the fins, while in the area of the structural element and a wall of the coolant channel 2 they are aligned essentially transversely to the direction of extension of the structural element 1 or of the coolant channel 2, in particular at an angle in the range of 10 -50° to these.
  • the carbon elements 3a are preferably aligned at an angle of 40-50°, in particular at an angle of 45° to the direction of extension of the gate element 3 and to the direction of extension of the respective branch 3a or the respective fin 3a.
  • the structural component 10 described has the function of ensuring the most efficient possible heat transfer from a fluid flow F to an air flow L.
  • the lightest possible materials are used, in particular fiber-reinforced polymers 3, whose conductivity is increased by thermally conductive carbon elements 3a.
  • the thermal conductivity is further increased by the orientation of the carbon elements 3a, since the thermal conductivity of the carbon elements 3a is increased in the direction in which the carbon elements 3 extend, the thermal conductivity of the structural element 1 and thus the efficiency of the entire structural component also increases if the carbon elements 3A are arranged essentially transversely to the Extension direction of the structural element 1 run.
  • Structural element la branches of the structural element, honeycomb/fin-shaped

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Le but de l'invention est de procurer une possibilité d'augmenter l'espace disponible pour une unité d'entraînement, notamment un moteur, en cas d'augmentation ou à la rigueur de conservation de la puissance de refroidissement de manière à rendre superflue toute adaptation visible de la géométrie extérieure du véhicule. A cet effet, l'invention propose un composant structural (10) d'un véhicule, qui présente au moins un élément structural (1) de mise au galbe, au moins un conduit à réfrigérant (2) fermé permettant d'acheminer un fluide réfrigérant, ainsi qu'une entrée de fluide réfrigérant et une sortie de fluide réfrigérant permettant de relier le conduit à fluide réfrigérant (3) à un circuit de fluide réfrigérant externe, l'élément structural (1) et/ou le conduit à fluide réfrigérant comportant au moins des zones qui présentent un polymère parsemé d'éléments carbone ou sont constituées d'un tel polymère.
EP22723356.6A 2021-04-16 2022-04-13 Composant structural et véhicule Pending EP4323259A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021109621.9A DE102021109621A1 (de) 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Strukturbauteil und Fahrzeug
PCT/EP2022/059946 WO2022219081A1 (fr) 2021-04-16 2022-04-13 Composant structural et véhicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4323259A1 true EP4323259A1 (fr) 2024-02-21

Family

ID=81653643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22723356.6A Pending EP4323259A1 (fr) 2021-04-16 2022-04-13 Composant structural et véhicule

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4323259A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021109621A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022219081A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5644617B2 (fr) 1972-05-04 1981-10-21
US20070261816A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-11-15 Warren Charles J Hood mounted heat exchanger
DE102008029455A1 (de) 2008-06-20 2009-12-24 Mahle International Gmbh Wärmeübertrager
JP4905509B2 (ja) 2009-06-26 2012-03-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両用自動変速機の油圧制御装置
FR3041422B1 (fr) * 2015-09-17 2017-12-01 Novares France Dispositif pour moteur comprenant un carter d’huile et un echangeur thermique
EP3109037A1 (fr) * 2016-01-22 2016-12-28 Technoform Tailored Solutions Holding GmbH Tubes en plastique pour échangeurs de chaleur, procédé de fabrication et utilisation associés
JP6532047B2 (ja) * 2016-04-11 2019-06-19 積水ポリマテック株式会社 熱伝導性シート
DE102017108079B4 (de) 2017-04-13 2022-09-01 Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg Kohlenstofffaser-verstärkte Kunststoffplatte, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Plattenwärmeübertrager
DE102018102061B3 (de) 2018-01-30 2019-03-14 Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg Extrusionsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung vonkohlefaserverstärkten Kunststoffhalbzeugen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102021109621A1 (de) 2022-10-20
WO2022219081A1 (fr) 2022-10-20

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