EP4323139A1 - Outil de fraisage présentant au moins deux rayons - Google Patents

Outil de fraisage présentant au moins deux rayons

Info

Publication number
EP4323139A1
EP4323139A1 EP22714418.5A EP22714418A EP4323139A1 EP 4323139 A1 EP4323139 A1 EP 4323139A1 EP 22714418 A EP22714418 A EP 22714418A EP 4323139 A1 EP4323139 A1 EP 4323139A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting edge
rotation
radius
milling tool
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22714418.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Netzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hptec GmbH
Original Assignee
Hptec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hptec GmbH filed Critical Hptec GmbH
Publication of EP4323139A1 publication Critical patent/EP4323139A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
    • B23C2210/54—Configuration of the cutting part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
    • B23C2210/56—Supporting or guiding sections located on the periphery of the tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
    • B23C2220/52—Orbital drilling, i.e. use of a milling cutter moved in a spiral path to produce a hole
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2265/00—Details of general geometric configurations
    • B23C2265/08—Conical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a milling tool for milling workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a milling tool that constitutes an alternative to the prior art and at the same time can be used in general for a wide variety of technical applications.
  • the milling tool according to the invention for milling workpieces comprises first of all a base body and, on its head side, a milling head which has a radius cutting edge which describes a section in the shape of a circular arc.
  • the milling tool which can be rotated about an axis of rotation, has a prescribed direction of rotation for machining, in this case for the milling process, in which the cutting edges move towards the material of the workpiece during rotation.
  • the base body has a main feature, which is designed as a helical depression in relation to the rotational volume occupied by the rotating milling tool.
  • This main line is in turn provided with a cutting edge as the main cutting edge.
  • the material of the workpiece removed during the machining can optionally also be transported away via the helical indentation (as in the case of a conveyor helix).
  • the main feature has a smooth lateral surface arranged on the side facing away from the main cutting edge in the direction of rotation.
  • Plastics eg PMMA Light metals, such as aluminum, but also copper or brass
  • the milling head is now characterized according to the invention in that the radius cutting edge has at least two areas with mutually different radii. This means that a volume is occupied during this rotation, which (in some areas) corresponds to at least two hemispherical rotation volumes that overlap. This enables a particularly flexible use of the milling cutter. For example, it is easier to implement smaller or larger contact surfaces between the front of the tool and the workpiece, depending on the application.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the cutting effect is improved by an additional main cutting edge in the center of the tool.
  • the second main cutting edge can be straight.
  • the second main cutting edge can also run perpendicular to the axis of rotation. However, in a preferred embodiment, it can also run skew to the axis of rotation in a plane running perpendicularly to the axis of rotation. Due to the skewed offset of the second main cutting edge to the axis of rotation, the rotation occurs with an offset to the center of rotation, and the torque is slightly increased. The feed can thus be improved.
  • the second main cutting edge can run so wide that the second main cutting edge intersects or exceeds an axis that starts from the axis of rotation and runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation, which in turn runs perpendicular to the second main cutting edge.
  • one Cone formation in the area of the center can thus be prevented because a larger area is covered when cutting.
  • the second main cutting edge can advantageously form the tool tip in the feed direction.
  • the tool of the invention differs significantly from conventional ball nose or copy milling cutters, it is rather a cutting tool with (at least) two radii.
  • the intermediate area between the two angular segments of the radius cutting edge can also have a smooth transition between the two radii, which generally produces a smoother machined surface in the workpiece and generally lower tool resistance during machining.
  • the radius cutting edge merges into the main cutting edge.
  • the transition between the radius cutting edge and the main cutting edge can, but does not necessarily have to, be smooth.
  • the resistance during processing is reduced by the smooth progression, the processed surfaces can be smoother.
  • the second main cutting edge can also transition into the radius cutting edge, in particular with a smooth transition, but also, for example, slightly angled.
  • a milling tool with a lateral surface that runs parallel to the axis of rotation or a milling tool which the lateral surface is inclined to the axis of rotation.
  • the lateral surface can advantageously be cylindrical, as a result of which the machining resistance can be reduced.
  • the base body can therefore carry out flat machining parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the cross section or the cross-sectional area does not change in this embodiment.
  • this can in particular be provided conically with a cross-sectional area which decreases towards the milling head (or increases towards the shank). In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area thus becomes larger towards the side on which the tool is clamped in a tool holder of a machine tool.
  • the milling tool can be given greater stability.
  • a structural measure can be particularly advantageous if the milling head, i.e. the "tip" of the tool, is mainly used in the machining method intended for the milling tool, i.e. the milling head alone is in contact with the workpiece, even with harder materials of the workpiece smooth running of the well-stabilized milling tool and thus uniform, precise machining of the workpiece is made possible.
  • the main cutting edge, apart from the additional, second main cutting edge, can also lie partially or completely on the lateral surface of a cylinder.
  • the surface of the rotation volume of the milling tool can be inclined to the axis of rotation.
  • the main cutting edge is regularly raised from the actual lateral surface, ie when the main cutting edge is radially spaced further away from the axis of rotation than the lateral surface and its outer contour thus determines the envelope, ie the rotation volume, during the rotation of the milling tool. Angles between 0° and a maximum of 20° can preferably be provided here as well.
  • a free space can be provided behind the radius cutting edge in the direction of rotation. This free surface can facilitate the material removal of the removed material from the workpiece and also reduce the resistance when the cutting edge penetrates the material. In principle, however, exactly one free area is sufficient. Additional clearances can also be provided in the direction of rotation to improve material transport. In particular, if the open area is still curved, the removal of material can be facilitated by guiding it along the curved surface.
  • a curved open space can replace a series of open spaces arranged one behind the other. In addition, it usually offers less mechanical resistance when machining or when transporting chips. If the surface is level, there may be more space available for removal. In the case of clearances, more space is always provided for material transport if their surfaces run closer to the axis of rotation, i.e. more material was removed from the tool when producing the clearances.
  • the clearances can run flat or with a curved surface; the curvature can in particular take place away from the surface. While a curved surface allows for a transition that is as even as possible, a flat surface of the free grinding can create as much space as possible for the material removal.
  • a flank or its contour lines can in principle run parallel to the radius cutting edge and/or to the main cutting edge.
  • the radius cutting edge can merge smoothly into the main cutting edge.
  • a smooth transition a continuous transition between machining by the milling head and further machining by the base body can also be achieved when the tool penetrates deep into the workpiece.
  • the milling head can also be separated from the base body by an undercut.
  • the milling head even if the milling tool penetrates beyond the milling head with the base body into the material, the part of the base body adjoining the milling head will initially not contribute to the machining.
  • Such an embodiment can be useful if, for example, the milling head is mainly used for processing. As a result, the processing resistance can also be kept low.
  • the base body can also be set off from the shank and/or the main cutting edge from the base body by means of an undercut.
  • a cylindrical section can adjoin the section of the base body which is cut conically in this way.
  • the main train can end in front of the cylindrical section or merge into the cylindrical section. Basically, if the main draw ends in front of this cylindrical section, it can merge into the tool holding section, the area of the shank.
  • the type of shaping depends in particular on the desired processing. If a part of the main train is also integrated into the cylindrical section, this part can also be used for machining. Overall, the tool can be kept slimmer in the cylindrical section.
  • Various further developments of the invention are conceivable with regard to the radius cutting edge.
  • the radius cutting edge can form the highest point in the feed direction, that is to say it can appear like a tip of the milling tool. Due to the fact that the radius cutting edge also forms the outer contour of the rotational volume from one side of the axis of rotation to the other in the area of the milling head, a spherical area can be cut out of the workpiece with even greater precision.
  • an additional main cutting edge is arranged in the center perpendicularly to the axis of rotation anyway, which enables a planar removal of material, good penetration into the workpiece material and thus an improved cutting effect. This can form the highest point in the feed direction.
  • a further variant relates to the arrangement of the radius cutting edge in a plan view of the milling head along the axis of rotation. If the radius cutting edge is offset relative to a plane containing the axis of rotation, it can also exert a greater force or torque on the material to be machined in areas close to the axis of rotation.
  • the middle section of the cutting edge around the axis of rotation in the area of the tip of the tool ensures that no elevation remains in the middle or in the center (pivot) of the machined workpiece.
  • the radius cutting edge can preferably be laterally offset counter to the feed direction with respect to an axis of symmetry of the surface of revolution occupied by the rotating milling tool.
  • the tenon can also already be eliminated by the second main cutting edge.
  • the milling tool is made of solid carbide, for example manufactured.
  • the milling tool may have a coating, such as a carbon coating such as diamond. This can improve chip formation and increase the stability of the tool.
  • Fig. 1 a side view of a milling tool according to
  • Fig. 2 a plan view along the axis of rotation on the
  • Figure 1 shows a milling tool 1 with a milling head 2, a base body 3 and a cylindrical section as a shank 4.
  • a radius cutting edge 5 which merges into a main cutting edge 6 of the main train in the area of the base body 3 .
  • Both the radius cutting edge 5 and the main cutting edge 6 are each accompanied by exactly one flank 7 which runs parallel to the respective cutting edges 5, 6.
  • the radius cutting edge 5 can be divided into two areas 5.1, 5.2, which have different radii of curvature from one another.
  • the radius in area 5.1 is smaller than that in area 5.2.
  • the transition between the two areas is continuous and flowing, without a break.
  • the tool 1 is additionally characterized in that a further main cutting edge 8 is provided, the plane running perpendicularly to the axis of rotation runs skewed to the axis of rotation A and for an additional, flat material removal and better feed with slightly increased torque in feed direction V.
  • the second main cutting edge 8 was chosen so wide that it intersects or exceeds the radius of an axis M running perpendicular to the axis of rotation and running perpendicular to the second main cutting edge 8 (cf. also FIG. 2). A cone formation in the area of the center can thus be prevented because a larger area is covered when cutting.
  • the additional second main cutting edge 8 forms the tool tip in the feed direction.
  • the second main cutting edge 8 merges into the radius cutting edge 5 .
  • the milling tool 1 thus has less friction in the region adjacent to the radius cutting edge 5 when it comes into contact with a workpiece in the region of the milling head 2 .
  • the outer surface 12 In the direction of rotation R behind the radius blade 5 and the flank 7 is the outer surface 12, which is smooth.
  • the lateral surface 12 is set back behind the cutting edges 5, 6 in terms of its distance from the axis of rotation A, i.e. it is closer to the axis of rotation A than the cutting edges 5, 6.
  • the rotational volume 13 is therefore defined in terms of its outer limits or its surface by the course of the cutting edges 5, 6 determined.
  • an area can therefore be removed from the workpiece to be machined, which is also composed of two different, overlapping hemispheres; however, the transition between them is fluid.
  • the outer edge 14 of the lateral surface 12 runs inclined to the axis of rotation A, the cross-sectional area of the milling tool 1 , as can also be seen from the body of the rotary volume 13 , increasing towards the shank 4 .
  • the shaft 4 is also offset from the rest of the base body 3 by a conically extending base 4a.
  • the main line or the main cutting edge 6 does not run through the entire base body 3, but ends at point B.
  • the remaining area of the base body 3, which lies below the point B towards the shaft 4, is designed to be smooth.
  • the main line or the main cutting edge 6 ends in Figure 1 above point B towards the milling head 2 or in the part of the base body 3 facing away from the shank 4.
  • the main train has a recess 15 below the cutting edge 6, which is used to remove removed chips or removed material from the workpiece to be machined.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same milling tool 1 in a top view looking along the axis of rotation A, specifically against the feed direction V.
  • the radius cutting edge 5 first strikes the workpiece.
  • the flank 7 then follows, and then the three clearances 9, 10, 11.
  • Two axes M, N which each intersect the axis of rotation A, run perpendicular to the axis of rotation A.
  • the axes M and N are in turn perpendicular to each other.
  • the axes M, N each form axes of symmetry.
  • the radius cutting edge 5 is offset laterally (to the left in Figure 2) to the central axis M, so that a greater force or torque can be exerted on the workpiece, since the offset to the Central axis M or to the axis of rotation A, a larger lever can act.
  • the highest point H in the feed direction V is reached by the circular arc-shaped radius cutting edge at the point of intersection with the central axis N; then the radius cutting edge 5 runs counter to the feed direction V towards the clearance 11 . Due to this arrangement, the central axis M is only cut by the radius cutting edge 5 at point K in the further course towards the transition into the main cutting edge 6 .
  • the course of the main cutting edge 6 is slightly separated from the base body 3 by an undercut in the end area of the main line discontinued. In this way, the actual cutting area is even more distinct or spatially separated from the remaining area of the milling tool 1 .
  • the radius cutting edge is composed of at least two arcuate sections with at least a first and a second radius, with the first radius being different from the second radius, so that the milling head starts to rotate Volume occupies, which is formed from at least two portions of spheres, each with the first or second radius.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil de fraisage (1) pour le fraisage et/ou le perçage de pièces en remplacement d'une large gamme d'applications techniques, comprenant une tête de fraisage (2) qui présente un dispositif de coupe de rayon (5), et comprenant un corps principal (3), qui a une caractéristique principale sous la forme d'une dépression hélicoïdale qui forme une hélice de transporteur, la caractéristique principale étant pourvue d'un dispositif de coupe principal (6) sous la forme d'un bord de coupe, l'élément principal présentant une surface latérale lisse (12) disposée sur le côté opposé au dispositif de coupe principal (6) dans le sens de rotation (R), et le dispositif de coupe de rayon (5) est composé d'au moins deux parties en forme d'arc de cercle (5.1, 5.2) ayant au moins un premier et un second rayon, le premier rayon étant différent du second rayon, de telle sorte que la tête de fraisage (2) en rotation occupe un volume constitué d'au moins deux parties de sphères ayant le premier ou le second rayon.
EP22714418.5A 2021-04-16 2022-03-14 Outil de fraisage présentant au moins deux rayons Pending EP4323139A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202021102047.4U DE202021102047U1 (de) 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Fräswerkzeug mit mindestens zwei Radien
PCT/EP2022/056439 WO2022218625A1 (fr) 2021-04-16 2022-03-14 Outil de fraisage présentant au moins deux rayons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4323139A1 true EP4323139A1 (fr) 2024-02-21

Family

ID=75896718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22714418.5A Pending EP4323139A1 (fr) 2021-04-16 2022-03-14 Outil de fraisage présentant au moins deux rayons

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4323139A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3216845A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202021102047U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022218625A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0683928B2 (ja) * 1988-10-14 1994-10-26 株式会社日進工具製作所 ボールエンドミル
JPH11156621A (ja) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-15 Hitachi Tool Eng Ltd 円弧刃エンドミル
GB9916752D0 (en) * 1999-07-17 1999-09-15 Technicut Limited Milling cutter
US6684742B1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2004-02-03 Keith Alan White Machining apparatuses and methods of use
DE202017101382U1 (de) 2017-03-10 2017-03-30 Hptec Gmbh Fräswerkzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022218625A1 (fr) 2022-10-20
DE202021102047U1 (de) 2021-04-26
CA3216845A1 (fr) 2022-10-20

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