EP4319988A1 - Dreidimensionales objekt - Google Patents
Dreidimensionales objektInfo
- Publication number
- EP4319988A1 EP4319988A1 EP22731065.3A EP22731065A EP4319988A1 EP 4319988 A1 EP4319988 A1 EP 4319988A1 EP 22731065 A EP22731065 A EP 22731065A EP 4319988 A1 EP4319988 A1 EP 4319988A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- dimensional object
- segments
- inner structure
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a three-dimensional object comprising an inner structure and an outer wall.
- jewelry or decorative objects such as figures, statues, three-dimensional jewelry elements such as a relief inside a building or any outdoor objects are usually not solid for reasons of stability and weight. Rather, such three-dimensional objects have an inner structure that serves as a framework and an outer wall that essentially completely encloses the inner structure.
- the inner structure is formed, for example, by struts, support arms and the like, to which the outer wall is attached.
- an outer wall is cast in bronze and an inner structure consists of a large number of beams, supports, struts and the like, the arrangement and number of which is determined by the structural requirements.
- a decorative figure for decorating a room is made, for example, as hollow ceramics or in porcelain.
- Shelving systems that consist of panels that can be plugged into each other vertically and horizontally.
- the panels themselves are not rectangular, but rather have wavy profiles, for example, in order to give the shelf a spatially variable shape overall.
- a rear wall and in particular a closed front is not provided, so that the shelves can also be freely accessible as a room divider from both sides.
- DE 202015000476 U1 discloses a polyhedron structure.
- polygonal and flat wall panels are attached to a space frame as the inner structure in order to form an outer wall.
- the structure can, inter alia, have the shape of a tetrahedron.
- DE 10 2012 223 913 A1 discloses a high-strength ceramic lightweight structure that is used as a firing aid for shaped bodies in a firing process.
- the inner structure consists of slotted, unfired ceramic strips that can be covered with loose plates on the top and bottom.
- EP 2 565 130 A2 discloses an insert for transport and storage containers with a base plate and intersecting slotted partitions arranged thereon. Projecting lugs can be formed on the partition walls, which interact with corresponding recesses in the base plate.
- DE 197 39 253 A1 discloses a lightweight structure made of slotted strips that can be plugged into one another, wherein a plate can be arranged on the top and bottom, which can be arranged in the desired alignment by means of positioning elements and which can be welded to the strips, for example.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to create a three-dimensional object of the type mentioned at the outset that can have any desired shape and has sufficient stability with the lowest possible weight so that it can also be set up outdoors.
- a three-dimensional object that looks or is shaped in any way and also has any desired size comprises an inner structure and an outer wall that essentially completely encloses the inner structure and consists of individual segments that are fastened or arranged on the inner structure.
- the inner structure is formed by several plates that can be plugged into one another.
- the inner structure is formed by a large number of flat elements, which are preferably designed to be able to be plugged into one another without the use of tools.
- mutually corresponding recesses or lateral slots can be formed in the flat elements or the plates in order to be able to push the plates into one another.
- the plates that are plugged into one another preferably form a self-supporting inner structure of the three-dimensional object.
- the plates or flat elements are contoured on their respective outer circumferences in such a way that a desired shape of the three-dimensional object to be produced is obtained.
- the actual outer wall is then formed by the several segments that are permanently or detachably attached to the inner structure in any manner desired.
- the outer contour of the inserted plates determines the desired alignment of the respective preferably flat segments of the outer wall in order to obtain a three-dimensional object with the desired shape and preferably a substantially continuous outer wall when the outer wall is completely assembled.
- the individual segments are preferably designed as flat, angular surfaces with straight edges.
- the segments are triangular or designed as a higher-numbered polygon.
- a segment can also be equipped with one or more rounded, concave or convex edges if the shape of the three-dimensional object requires it.
- a segment could also deviate from the flat or planar form, for example forming a surface that is arched or curved as desired. It is essential that the edges of adjacent segments in each case lie directly against one another in order to form a substantially closed outer wall or surface of the three-dimensional object.
- the plates are connected to each other with connectors and screws connectable.
- the connectors can be designed as cubes made of metal, wood or plastic, which are arranged, for example, in a corner region of two plates that are plugged into one another.
- the material is preferably selected depending on and to match the material of the panels.
- the connectors may also be pre-attached to panels at desired locations to facilitate assembly of the internal structure. For example, they are stuck there.
- screws are then used, which pass through appropriately dimensioned and placed holes in the panels and are screwed into screw holes in the connectors.
- Other additional mechanical, magnetic or other connecting devices, detachable or non-detachable, are also possible for connecting the plates inserted into one another, for example the plates can also be glued and/or welded to one another.
- an outer segment has a multi-layer structure with a middle layer which, for example, has a high degree of rigidity, adjacent thereto a lightweight layer in order to obtain a sufficient thickness of the segment and on the outside a particularly weather-resistant or scratch-resistant layer to protect the three-dimensional object and a thin covering layer towards the inside.
- the materials of the individual layers can be chosen arbitrarily, for example foamed plastics for a light, voluminous layer, wood, metal or a hard plastic for a stable, load-bearing layer and, for example, foils or the like for weather protection.
- Two, three, four or more layers can also be provided depending on, for example, the static requirements or a desired weather resistance.
- any three-dimensional objects can be created within the scope of the invention.
- Conceivable are, inter alia, animal or human figures, any decorative objects, reliefs on a wall or a ceiling and, with a suitable choice of transparent material and a light source inside the object, a lighting fixture, especially outdoors.
- the three-dimensional object can also be designed in the manner of a tube or hemisphere in order to be inside under other things to offer covered seating.
- the three-dimensional object can also be walked on as a whole. This means that the three-dimensional object or several assembled three-dimensional objects enclose a space like a sauna and the space is accessible through a door, for example.
- any materials that have sufficient stability or rigidity to build the three-dimensional object in the desired size can be used as materials for the plates and/or segments. Proposed are, inter alia, wood, plastic, metal and combinations or composite materials thereof, recycling materials, transparent or opaque materials such as glass and various plastics, coated materials or materials covered with leather or fabric, foam materials and the like.
- the plates and segments can then be sawn and milled out of a large sheet of the desired material, for example using a CNC-controlled machine tool, in order to obtain the correspondingly contoured blanks of the individual components.
- the surface of the outer wall can be designed, for example, in one or more colors in order to obtain a desired appearance of the three-dimensional object.
- paints, lacquers, coatings or the like can be applied to the individual segments of the outer wall or form an outer layer of the respective segment.
- the surface can also be reflective or mirrored.
- the segments can also be designed with a desired feel with a rough, corrugated or otherwise structured surface.
- the three-dimensional object can be designed, at least in sections, for the reproduction of information.
- one or more segments are designed as a display or screen, preferably with LEDs or OLEDS for displaying information such as the arrival of a tram, the route to the exit or for displaying news or any films or images.
- the segments can be detached or firmly attached to the inner structure in any desired manner.
- the segments can be glued or screwed to the internal structure.
- a detachable latching for example with a clip system and/or attachment with magnets, is also possible.
- the three-dimensional object is to be set up outdoors, it is preferably designed to be watertight and weatherproof.
- the entire object advantageously consists of recycled or at least easily recyclable material.
- the entire object can also be painted later or it can be used at least in sections with a suitable surface as a projection surface for a beamer or the like.
- the entire surface can be covered with a waterproof plastic film, for example.
- the panels of the internal structure are each oriented horizontally or vertically.
- a number of vertically spaced plates, preferably equidistant, as well as a number of horizontally spaced plates, preferably equidistant are obtained in order to ensure as stable an internal structure as possible.
- this facilitates the assembly of the three-dimensional object.
- the plates or flat elements can also be oriented in any way in space. This can be necessary, for example, in the case of an external shape of the object for which a vertical or horizontal alignment of the panels would be disadvantageous, for example for static reasons.
- the plates can also be arranged pointing radially outwards from an approximate center of the three-dimensional object, which can be statically advantageous particularly in the case of rounded three-dimensional objects or parts thereof.
- the connectors are designed as cubes or cuboids.
- the outer wall or the Shape of the three-dimensional object is calculated overall in a low-poly process.
- the surface of any object is approximated by a network of points or faceted into flat surfaces.
- triangular surfaces result.
- Such a surface is then realized by a segment of the outer wall.
- Polygons with a higher number can also be used, but stretched or compressed triangles are particularly suitable for conveying the three-dimensional impression of the object.
- segments which, when put together, result in the outer wall of the three-dimensional object a coarser or more refined approximation of, for example, a real object can be obtained.
- the low-poly process is known, for example, for creating computer graphics and animated films, but can be applied to a three-dimensional surface accordingly.
- the appropriately designed computer program can also calculate the associated inner structure with the plates inserted into one another. The plates are contoured according to the surface shape and the number and the mutual distances are chosen accordingly in order to be able to fasten and support the segments of the outer wall placed thereon.
- the arrangement of the nested panels of the inner structure is also selected for sufficient stability.
- the calculated data of the panels and segments can be transmitted as a data set to a machine tool, which saws and/or mills out the individual components accordingly.
- locking projections are formed on the plates and corresponding locking recesses are formed on the segments.
- web-like latching projections can be formed on the outward-pointing edges of the plates of the inner structure, and corresponding ones can be formed on the segments of the outer wall that are to be arranged on the corresponding plates slotted recesses. These can each already be shaped during the manufacture of the plates and segments.
- the latching projections on the plates then point outwards and the segments are then placed with their latching recesses with a precise fit and in the correct position on the latching projections. An additional locking of the individual components of the three-dimensional object with one another is thus obtained and its stability is increased.
- the locking projections on the plates that point outwards can also be referred to as pins.
- Different latching projections, for example on a plate, and the associated latching recesses on the segments can each have different and arbitrary shapes.
- a round peg-shaped latching projection engages in a corresponding circular recess in a segment
- an elongated web-like latching projection engages in a slot-like recess.
- the multiple locking projections on different plates, which are covered on the outside by a single segment can be distributed and shaped on the plates in such a way that the segment can only be placed on unequivocally, since otherwise the locking projections and the corresponding locking recesses would not fit into one another . Incorrect assembly of the object is thus avoided.
- latching projections and latching recesses can also be formed on the other components or latching projections and/or latching recesses are formed on plates and segments.
- the latching projections can each have an opening that is positioned in such a way that the opening is still open when the segment is applied and a fastening means for fixing the segment is additionally introduced through the opening.
- the plates have a single-layer or multi-layer structure, which preferably corresponds to the structure of the segments.
- a plurality of segments are designed in one piece with one another and can be pivoted relative to one another. That means that several adjacent segments are formed in one piece with each other. At the edges between adjacent segments, which were calculated, for example, using the low-poly method, a corresponding material weakening is then introduced during production in order to be able to pivot or fold adjacent segments relative to one another at this material weakening in the manner of a joint. Thus several segments can be positioned and fastened together at a desired location.
- the plates which are assembled to form the inner structure, are at least partially designed as web-like frames.
- a plate does not necessarily have to be designed continuously, but can only be designed as a web or frame which, however, preferably runs continuously around the contour of the inner structure at the edge.
- the plate therefore has a central recess, so that its own weight and thus that of the entire structure is considerably reduced.
- several spaced plates, which are aligned parallel to each other can be designed as web-like frames or essentially all plates in order to obtain such a hollow and lightweight inner structure, provided the statics of the three-dimensional object allows this.
- an intermediate layer in particular made of aluminum, is arranged between the inner structure and a segment of the outer wall.
- an aluminum sheet, aluminum foil or the like can be arranged, which corresponds to the actual segment of the outer wall in terms of its areal dimensions.
- This intermediate layer can be glued onto the inner structure, for example.
- This intermediate layer can also have the corresponding locking recesses in the form of openings through which locking projections on the outwardly pointing edges of the inner structure pass in order to then engage in corresponding locking recesses in the associated segment of the outer wall.
- this intermediate layer can then also be glued or connected in some other way to the actual segment.
- a segment of the outer wall comprises polished stainless steel.
- This polished stainless steel for example in the form of a correspondingly shaped tabular blank, forms the outermost, outward-facing layer of the segment if this has a multi-layer structure.
- the polished stainless steel does not corrode and acts as a mirror, so that even with appropriate lighting, the object has a new appearance, depending on the viewing angle.
- FIG. 1 two views of an inner structure
- FIG. 2 another inner structure with an outer wall
- FIG. 3 two further views of an inner structure with an outer wall
- Figure 4 a cross section through a three-dimensional object in side view and top view
- FIG. 5 a further embodiment of the internal structure
- FIG. 6 a further embodiment of the three-dimensional object
- FIG. 7 a further three-dimensional object.
- FIG. 1 shows the inner structure 2 of a three-dimensional object 1 in two perspective views.
- the inner structure 2 comprises a plurality of panels 5a, 5b, 5c, ..., each of which can be plugged into one another.
- Plate 5a, 5b, 5c, ... extend.
- the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, ... are here respectively arranged horizontally and vertically and spaced essentially equidistantly.
- On the edges 11 of the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, ... locking projections 8 are preferably integrally formed in the form of elongated webs.
- the latching projections 8 are, for example, already sawn or milled out with the manufacture of the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, ... as well as the slots 10.
- the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, ... consist of any material and can have a single or multi-layer structure. It is preferred that the inner structure 2 composed of the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . receive.
- the connectors 6 for example made of metal, wood or hard plastic, are preferably cuboid or cube-shaped and are arranged in a corner region of two plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . .
- the connectors 6 can, for example, be screwed or glued at a desired location. Screw holes 12 into which screws 7 can be screwed are formed in the connectors 6 .
- Corresponding bores 13 are made in the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, .
- any other detachable or permanent connection devices for the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . . can also be provided for stiffening the inner structure 2.
- FIG. 2a a further internal structure 2 made of plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . . inserted into one another is shown in perspective.
- the edges 11 of the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . . do not run in a straight line but are contoured.
- the edges 11 can be rounded, concave, convex or kinked several times in order to obtain a desired shape of the three-dimensional object 1 .
- the segments 4 of the outer wall 3 of the three-dimensional object 1 are then placed on these edges 11, as can be seen from FIG. 2b.
- each slot-shaped locking recesses 9 are formed, which of the corresponding locking projections 8 on the edges 11 of Plates 5a, 5b, 5c, ... are penetrated in the assembled state.
- the latching recesses 9 can also simply be in the form of internal depressions or recesses in the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . . in order not to damage the surface of the outer wall 3 or the segments 4.
- locking recesses 9 and locking projections 8 can each also be provided on the other components or mixed on both.
- the three segments 4a, 4b, 4c or even more segments 4 can also be formed in one piece with one another.
- a material weakening is formed between adjacent segments, for example 4a, 4b, on which two adjacent segments 4a, 4b can be pivoted or folded relative to one another.
- the several segments 4a, 4b, 4c can be produced together and placed and fastened on the inner structure 2 at the desired location.
- FIG. 3a a three-dimensional object 1 with an inner structure 2 made up of a plurality of plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . .
- Web-like latching projections 8 are formed on the outwardly pointing edges 11 of the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . These engage in slot-like locking recesses 9 in the segments 4a, 4b, 4c of the outer wall 3 or pass through them.
- the segments 4a, 4b, 4c are each formed here with five layers, but they can also have one, two, three, four or more layers depending on the requirements of the three-dimensional object 1.
- a middle stiff or rigid segment layer 4b3 for adequate stability provided.
- a segment layer 4b2 and 4b4 made of a light and bulky material such as a foamed plastic are arranged on the inside and outside, in order to give the segment 4 a sufficient thickness.
- Segment layers 4b1 and 4b5 serve as cover layers, which can also be designed as a plastic film, for example, in order to obtain a weather-resistant segment 4 on the outside.
- the latching recesses 9 in a segment 4 can also be formed in, for example, only one, two or three segment layers 4b1, 4b2 and 4b3. Thus, the latching projections 8 do not fully penetrate the segment 4, as shown in particular in FIG.
- Such a multi-layer segment 4 can also be referred to as a sandwich or sandwich element of the outer wall of the three-dimensional object 1 .
- FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional object 1 with an inner structure 2 and an outer wall 3 made up of several segments 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in cross section in top view in FIG. 4a and in cross section in side view in FIG. 4b.
- the slots 10 can be seen on the plate 5a of the inner structure 2, which extend from an edge 11 to about half the width or depth of the plate 5a.
- the web-shaped latching projections 8 are preferably integrally formed on the edges 11 of the plates 5 and engage in slot-shaped latching recesses 9, for example in the segments 4a, 4c.
- the locking recesses 9 are formed at such a depth that in a five-layer segment 4a, 4c the locking recess 9 is only formed in the inner three layers and not in the two outer layers, the layers being structured according to FIG. 3, for example.
- the three-dimensional object 1 or its outer wall 3 has a smooth surface and can be watertight and weatherproof, for example.
- the locking projections 6 and the corresponding locking recesses 10 can each have different shapes, such as square, rectangular, round or oval, among others.
- the segments 4 can only be placed on the inner structure 2 in a one-to-one manner. Otherwise they would not fit into each other.
- FIG. 4b shows the equidistant distances between the plates 5a, 5b, 5c, . . . which give the inner structure 2 the desired stability.
- the plates 5 and segments 4 can each have a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- the materials of the plates 5 and segments 4 can be wood, metal or plastic, for example, or combinations or composite materials thereof.
- the segments 4 and plates 5 can also be made transparent or opaque, at least in sections, in order to obtain a lighting fixture for an open space, for example, with one or more light sources inside the three-dimensional object 1 .
- the outer wall 3 of the three-dimensional object 1 can be painted in any way or provided with logos.
- One or more segments 4 can also be designed as a display, screen or projection surface. In particular, the entire three-dimensional object 1 is designed to be waterproof and weatherproof for outdoor use.
- the internal structure 2 of a further three-dimensional object 1 is shown in perspective in FIG.
- the inner structure 2 comprises a plurality of plates 5a, 5b .
- These plates 5a, 5b,... can be connected to further components of the internal structure 2 by means of slots 10 and connectors 6 as described above.
- These other components are designed here, among other things, as web-like frames 14a, 14b, 14c, ..., which can even continuously run around the inner structure in a ring shape or, as shown here, with several edge-side web-like frames 14d, 14e, 1fe, ...
- these web-like ribs 14 have a central recess in order to reduce the overall weight of the inner structure 2 .
- stiffening and continuous plates 5c, 5d, . . . can also be provided.
- FIG. 2 A further configuration of the inner structure 2 is shown in FIG. This is composed entirely of web-like frames 14a, 14b, . . . which are perpendicular to one another here.
- the inner structure 2 is quasi-hollow. Thus, in particular, the total weight of the inner structure 2 is significantly reduced.
- the inner structure 2 is approximately cylindrical in shape. It goes without saying that with sufficient stability any shapes are possible in principle.
- the ribs 14 and plates 5 can be aligned relative to one another in any desired manner to form an internal structure.
- the frames can also be 14 and plates 5 can be of any three-dimensional shape, for example as curved surfaces or the like.
- FIG. 7 depicts an arbitrary three-dimensional object 1 with an inner structure 2 and an outer wall 3 that is not yet complete.
- a segment 4a of the outer wall 3 is still missing and is shown in cross section on the left in FIG.
- the segment 4a has a three-layer structure.
- the innermost layer 4a3 when assembled is, for example, an aluminum panel with corresponding locking recesses 10 or openings for the locking projections 9 of the inner structure 2.
- the middle layer 4a2 is an adhesive layer, for example in the form of a double-sided adhesive film or other adhesive.
- the outermost layer 4a1 is preferably formed by polished stainless steel, in particular in the form of a corresponding tabular blank. A reflective and weather-resistant surface of the three-dimensional object 1 is thus obtained.
- An intermediate layer 15 is additionally provided between the segment 4 and the inner structure 2 .
- This can also be formed by an aluminum panel in which, in particular, openings for the latching projections 9 on the inner structure 2 are provided. All components can preferably be glued together or connected using clamp/plug systems.
Landscapes
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021108728.7A DE102021108728A1 (de) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Dreidimensionales Objekt |
| PCT/EP2022/058613 WO2022214388A1 (de) | 2021-04-08 | 2022-03-31 | Dreidimensionales objekt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4319988A1 true EP4319988A1 (de) | 2024-02-14 |
Family
ID=82100666
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22731065.3A Pending EP4319988A1 (de) | 2021-04-08 | 2022-03-31 | Dreidimensionales objekt |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4319988A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021108728A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022214388A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1963677A (en) * | 1933-03-16 | 1934-06-19 | Hazel Atlas Glass Co | Cardboard box |
| US2055339A (en) * | 1933-04-01 | 1936-09-22 | Gen Electric | Fabricated structure |
| DE19739253A1 (de) | 1997-09-08 | 1999-03-11 | Matthias Haag | Leichtbauweise mit Gittern |
| CH705452A2 (de) | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-15 | Utz Georg Holding Ag | Einsatz für einen Transport- und Lagerbehälter. |
| DE102012223913B4 (de) | 2012-12-20 | 2015-05-13 | WZR ceramic solutions GmbH | Grünkörper, Verfahren zur Herstellung des Grünkörpers und aus dem Grünkörper gebrannter keramischer Formkörper |
| DE202015000476U1 (de) | 2015-01-20 | 2015-03-10 | Horst Mallmann | Polyeder-Bauwerk aus vieleckigen Flächenmodulen |
-
2021
- 2021-04-08 DE DE102021108728.7A patent/DE102021108728A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-03-31 EP EP22731065.3A patent/EP4319988A1/de active Pending
- 2022-03-31 WO PCT/EP2022/058613 patent/WO2022214388A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022214388A1 (de) | 2022-10-13 |
| DE102021108728A1 (de) | 2022-10-13 |
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