Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
  • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
  • B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
  • B64C1/1476—Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
  • B64C1/1484—Windows
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
  • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
  • B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
  • B64C1/1476—Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
  • B64C1/1492—Structure and mounting of the transparent elements in the window or windscreen

Definitions

• the invention relates to multiple glazings of the type subjected to pressurization stresses and significant temperature differences on either side of the glazings, such as windows of aircraft passenger cabins.
• a large number of aircraft are pressurized to balance internal/external pressure, improve passenger comfort, especially during ascent and descent, and allow high altitude flight.
• the deformation of a porthole is linked both to this pressure and to the temperature gradient between an interior temperature of approximately 20°C and an exterior temperature of approximately -40°C, for example.
• a window is frequently composed of two slabs, an external one intended to be in contact with the outside atmosphere, an internal one intended to be in contact with the interior volume of the aircraft or any other mounting environment.
• the two slabs are frequently monolithic. They are substantially parallel, generally curved, spaced from each other, separated by an air gap, and embedded in a peripheral mounting joint, for example overmolded.
• a small-diameter through-hole can be made in the internal slab in order to equalize the pressure of the air gap separating the internal and external slabs with the cabin pressure.
• the outer slab Under the effect of large amplitude pressure and temperature variations, the outer slab is subjected to significant bending and mechanical stress.
• the inner slab In the event of loosening or breakage of the outer slab, the inner slab is able to seal the system against aircraft pressurization. The depressurization of the cabin then takes place very slowly, in a controlled manner, through the through hole, with the emission of a hissing sound. In this case, there are instructions for plugging this hole, for each window, for example by means of adhesive tape of the Scotch® type.
• the internal slab is called security (in English "failsafe").
• the outer slab may consist of laminated glazing, that is to say two transparent sheets of polymer material or mineral glass, bonded to each other by an intermediate adhesive layer.
• laminated glazing that is to say two transparent sheets of polymer material or mineral glass, bonded to each other by an intermediate adhesive layer.
• a multiple glazing comprising at least a first slab and a second slab separated by an air gap, a peripheral part of the multiple glazing being embedded in a mounting joint covering the main surface of the first slab opposite the second slab, over a certain distance from the edge of the multiple glazing, along a peripheral strip of the surface of the first slab, the mounting joint covering the edges of the first slab and the second slab and occupying a peripheral part of the air gap, between the two main surfaces facing the first slab and the second slab, characterized in that a reinforcing element and The seal is incorporated into the assembly joint by covering a peripheral part of the main surface of the first tile opposite the second tile, and resting on the edge of the second tile so as to limit the effect of bending of the first slab.
• the first slab is particularly intended to be mounted as an external slab within the meaning of the introduction of this application, and the second slab as an internal slab.
• the reinforcing and sealing element consists of a sufficiently rigid material capable of forming a barrier to humidity. This rigid element opposes the deformation by bending of the first slab by resting both on a peripheral part of the outer surface of the latter and on the edge of the second slab.
• the mounting gasket is made of silicone or the like.
• the reinforcing and sealing element is metallic such as stainless steel or aluminum, or composite such as thermosetting resin of the epoxy type or unsaturated polyester containing reinforcing fibers (fiberglass, carbon), or aramid fibers as marketed by the Du Pont de Nemours Company under the registered trademark Kevlar® or by the Teijin Company under the registered trademark Twaron®.
• the first slab is laminated glazing comprising a first acrylic or mineral glass sheet bonded to a second acrylic or mineral glass sheet by means of an intermediate adhesive layer of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
• TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
• An acrylic sheet is made in particular of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
• mineral glass is meant glass in particular soda-lime, aluminosilicate, borosilicate, float, if necessary hardened, heat-tempered or chemically reinforced.
• the peripheral part of the first slab covered by the mounting joint is thinned with respect to the central part of the first slab, to allow the mounting structure to cover the mounting joint while being flush ( designated in English by the term "flush") relative to the main surface of the first slab (external) opposite the second slab.
• the mounting structure referred to now may consist of a window presser, for example bolted to the mounting structure (cabin, bodywork, building, etc.), which covers the assembly joint by pinching and exerting pressure on the multiple glazing, so as to secure it.
• the second slab is monolithic, acrylic. It is intended to be in contact with the interior volume of the mounting structure (aircraft cabin, etc.). As indicated above, it is called “failsafe” because it is designed to seal the enclosure under pressurization conditions and outside and inside temperature differences, instead of the first slab. , in case of breakage or loosening of the latter.
• the part of the edge of the first slab connecting the thinned peripheral part of the first slab to the main surface of the first slab opposite the second slab has a shape on which a correspondingly shaped fold of the 'reinforcement and sealing element is placed in interlocking, coincident, so as to ensure maintenance of the first slab.
• This particular maintenance of the part of the thickness of the first slab furthest from the second slab, that is to say the closest to the external surface of the multiple glazing, is advantageously combined with the opposition to the deformation by bending of the first slab exerted by the support of the reinforcing element both on a peripheral part of the outer surface of the first slab and on the edge of the second slab, in accordance with the invention.
• This particular support also opposes the deformation by bending of the first slab and its loosening.
• said shape and said fold then extend over the entire periphery of the multiple glazing continuously, or have a width of between 2 and 50 mm and are 3 to 50 in number over the entire periphery of the glazing. multiple.
• said shape consists of a chamfer on the edge of the first slab, held by a fold in the reinforcing and sealing element.
• said shape consists of a square profile protuberance of part of the edge of the first slab, maintained by a fold in the form of a hook of the reinforcing and sealing element.
• the invention also relates to the application of a multiple glazing described above, in the wall of a volume subjected to pressurization stresses, in particular as side or front glazing of an air vehicle, in particular as a window. of plane.
• This concerns commercial aircraft, business jets, and any other aircraft subject to cabin pressurization.
• FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first porthole of the state of the art
• FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second prior art window and its mounting environment
• FIG. 3 is a cross section of a multiple glazing of the invention and its mounting environment
• FIG. 4 is a cross section of a first embodiment of a preferred variant of the multiple glazing of the invention and its mounting environment;
• FIG. 5 is a cross-section of a second embodiment of a preferred variant of the multiple glazing of the invention and its mounting environment.
• a medium-haul commercial aircraft passenger cabin window consists of a first outer slab 1 of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a second internal slab 3 of PMMA.
• the two slabs 1 and 3 are parallel, embedded in a silicone mounting joint 4, which keeps them at a distance from each other so as to form an air gap 2.
• a peripheral part of the first slab 1 has a thinning.
• the mounting joint 4 covers this thinned peripheral part of the first slab 1, so that the part of the mounting joint 4 distal to the second slab 3 forms a bowl (offset) with the central part of the main surface of the first slab 1 opposite the second slab 3.
• the porthole of Figure 2 has a mounting gasket 4 with such a bowl in the outer surface area of the multiple glazing, this bowl receiving a window press 100 whose outer surface is flush with that of the central part of the first slab 1.
• the ice press 100 is bolted to the cabin of the aircraft, thus carrying out the fixing of the multiple (double) glazing by exerting a certain pressure thereon.
• the first slab 1 here consists of a laminated glazing of a first sheet of chemically reinforced aluminosilicate glass 11, bonded to a second sheet of PMMA 13 via a layer 12 of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
• TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
• a reinforcing and sealing element 5 is incorporated in the assembly joint 4 by covering a peripheral part of the main surface of the first slab 11, 12, 13 opposite the second slab 3, and resting on the edge of the second slab 3 so as to limit the bending effect of the first slab 1.
• the reinforcing and sealing element 5 is made of stainless steel.
• the first sheet of glass 11 of the first slab is chamfered, allowing a fold 6 of the reinforcing and sealing element 5 of corresponding shape to contribute to the retention of the first slab, by reducing the risk of it coming off.
• the latter 5 prevents moisture from penetrating at the edge of the laminated structure 11, 12, 13 of the first slab 1, and thus reduces or eliminates any risk of bubbling at the intermediate adhesive layer 12 of TPU , delamination and breakage of the laminate.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=76283870

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2021
  • 2021-03-16 FR FR2102610A patent/FR3120849B1/fr active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-02-11 US US18/550,858 patent/US20240166327A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-02-11 CN CN202280021615.5A patent/CN117015501A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-02-11 EP EP22707811.0A patent/EP4308452A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-02-11 WO PCT/FR2022/050246 patent/WO2022195188A1/fr active Application Filing

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