EP4278128A1

EP4278128A1 - Spotlight with alternating led lighting means

Info

Publication number: EP4278128A1
Application number: EP22707334.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rüdiger Lanz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-18
Filing date: 2022-01-17
Publication date: 2023-11-22
Also published as: WO2022152355A1; DE102021100917A1; DE102021100917B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a spotlight for generating a plurality of light- and/or projection effects for use in particular for event and stage technology. The aim of the invention is to provide an event lighting unit in which at least multiple LED light sources are arranged in the spotlight as light sources. According to the invention, this is achieved by means of multiple LED modules populated with different LEDs as a light source in order to generate light emissions of different colors, said LED modules being movably guided in or on the spotlight on at least one mounting plate. The LED modules with different color emissions are designed to be insertable into the light emission axis of the spotlight as needed by means of mechanical guide and/or support elements and at least one electric drive, wherein the respective LED module being operated releasably lies against a heat sink.

Description

Headlights with changing LED bulbs

The invention relates to a spotlight for generating a large number of light and/or projection effects for use in particular in event and stage technology and as an architectural spotlight.

In particular, the invention relates to moving lights as motor-driven, head-moving stage spotlights. In principle, the invention also relates to rigid headlights such as effect spotlights, spotlights, beams or scanners, which also have all light effects similar to those of moving heads or Moving lights can produce only that these lights can deflect the effect beams via mirrors or only emit one or more light beams in a fixed direction. In the following, the invention is described in the application in a moving light without being tied to it.

Known moving stage spotlights ( so-called moving lights or moving heads ) as well as fixed spotlights produce a variety of color and pattern light effects using gas discharge lamps as powerful light sources, which are achieved by color filters and punched metal screens ( so-called gobos ). , which are mounted on motorized moving discs and can thus be automatically shifted into the beam path. It is so- with also a large number of mixtures of the different color and pattern effects possible.

In the case of the light sources conventionally used, for example high-intensity discharge lamps of 150-2000 watts, it is imperative that these lamps be cooled because of the strong generation of heat. A regulated fan system is usually required for this, which, however, has the disadvantage that the dust and dirt particles sucked in with the fan air quickly lead to contamination inside the headlight, which requires time-consuming cleaning, especially of the optical components power .

In addition to the high energy requirement, it is also disadvantageous that the gas discharge lamps that are generally used have a short service life and also lose a lot of power over time, which is why these light sources have to be replaced at an early stage as a standard.

It is therefore obvious that there is also a need for the use of LED lamps in this area. The use of LED lamps or chips in the operation of moving lights has not yet been satisfactorily solved in the prior art, since it has not been possible to use LED chips to achieve the required light output for stage operation, flexibly operated architectural spotlights or fixed installations and at the same time to bring about the color variations in this way , as is expected in modern lighting concepts, for example at concerts or in architectural settings.

It is therefore common with moving lights that use an LED light source that emits pure white light, for example, that despite the LED technology, color changes are used to make color changes, which are moved into the light exit path of the light to stop the light for example white but blue shine . This therefore neglects the idea of using LEDs, since these can change color even without a color filter.

In practice, however, this is not easily possible, since the LED light outputs are then too weak. So an LED light source that is supposed to produce warm light and colored light at the same time does not suffice in terms of the light output that is required of such light sources in stage technology. In practice, therefore, people have given up working with LED chips in such lights and are using more powerful light sources again.

For the solution according to the invention, the new path is taken, not only to work with a single light source, for example an LED module, but to use different light sources, in particular LED modules, which are inserted, pushed or be rotated in and achieved in such a way that these LED modules are used as required for colored light. This has the advantage that not a single LED chip has to generate white and colored light with a loss of light output, but rather a whole series of LED modules, each with full power and, depending on the application, with only one color over the entire illuminated area of the LED chip can be used.

There are different constructive solutions for this technical solution. A first solution provides that the LED modules are similar to the usual color filters, effect filters, etc. incorporated into moving lights. uh . are arranged on a motor-rotatable carrier plate or a common carrier board, and then always the LED module is screwed into the optics, which is currently required in terms of color.

For example, if it is to be a cold white light, the corresponding LED module with, for example, an LED assembly for light emission with a color temperature of 5700k (Kelvin) is turned into the light path by means of the rotating plate. Should it be an LED chip, for example a emits a turquoise color, it would be a specific colored LED chip that has an optimal arrangement of, for example, RGB LEDs to generate turquoise light.

In addition to this solution of moving the different LED modules via a rotating plate rotating in the light axis, where the axis of rotation runs parallel and slightly offset to the light axis, an alternative solution is to attach the light source as the rearmost element on the moving light, as is the case with conventional light source arrangements, and but to change the position of the light source by a shift mechanism. D. H . , here the light source is not rotated, but the LED modules are either pushed into the light axis or pushed out of it as individual circuit boards or on carrier plates via rail guides similar to the rail guides on slide projectors.

It is also relevant to the invention to use magnetic components to ensure that the LED modules, which have been pushed into the light path, are brought directly to the required heat sink via an electrically operated magnetic connection, so that the cooling of the LED can take place immediately with the light emission module takes place. This is an essential problem to be solved, since in the case of movable LED modules, these can only be permanently arranged on a respective heat sink with great design effort.

The LED modules must therefore be released from the magnetic connection to the heat sink via the solution according to the invention, in order to then be moved into the correct position, and at the same time the required LED module must be brought back into the light axis and via the magnetic connection to the heat sink. These lamp changes via the rotating plate or alternatively the shifting mechanism take place in milliseconds in order to have no visible interruptions in the light with the changing light and color effects, or alternatively in "siow motion" to create a slow, overlapping color change. A particular advantage over previous lighting technology, in addition to the basic advantages of LED technology in terms of lower energy consumption and longer lamp life, is that with conventional lighting technology, for example a 1000 watt bulb, a lot of heat is released, which in turn means that such lighting systems for example, in stage technology, k require large cooling capacities. As a result, this means that there is a lot of noise in the lighting area, a constant rushing noise from the electric fans that are required to cool the lights down so that they can be operated at all.

This is not the case with the solution according to the invention, since these can either be cooled passively, so that the LED modules only rest on the heat sinks for cooling and are not cooled by air at all, or minimal ventilation effort will be required, the acoustic is negligible or only of very minor importance and in this respect represents a major improvement over the previous solution.

Another positive aspect is that the lack of ventilation also prevents contamination of the equipment. With previous moving lights, the moving light itself also had to be cooled internally by a fan, so that of course a large number of impurities, dust and deposits accumulated relatively quickly inside the moving light, which of course greatly shortened the service life of the LED modules or even conventional lighting negative influence .

The invention is to be described in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a moving light 1 according to the prior art in one design

gas discharge lamp as illuminant 2; FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a moving light 1 with a single color LED chip as light source 2 in the prior art;

FIG. 3 shows an illuminant 2 embodied according to the invention as an LED wheel 13 with attached LED modules 12;

FIG. 4 side view of the LED wheel 13 according to the invention with heat sink 14 and axis of rotation 18;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic structure of a moving light 1 according to the invention with an LED wheel 13 as the light source 2;

FIG. 6 alternative light source 2 in the form of a guide frame 16 with carrier boards 15 with LED modules 12 that can be moved in the frame;

Figure 7 side view of the guide frame 16 for the LED carrier boards 15 with heat sink 14 arranged thereon and

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structure of a moving light 1 according to the invention with attached guide frame 16 for LED carrier boards 15 as light source 2 .

FIGS. 1 and 2 relate to the classic construction of a moving light, with lighting means 2 also being provided here, such as are already used in the prior art. D. H . FIGS. 1 and 2 both relate to solutions according to the state of the art and not to the subject of the invention.

A gas discharge lamp is used as the illuminant in FIG. This gas discharge lamp is still used as a powerful illuminant, as it has been used in stage technology for decades. The moving light 1 is shown here in a schematic view without housing only based on the relevant structural components.

There is a distribution of lenses, arranged one behind the other in the light axis 4, which are relevant for the emission of the light. The lenses 5 and 8 are two fixed bundle lenses, with the first fixed bundle lens 5 being assigned directly to the light source 2 and contributing to the light emitted by the light source 2 being bundled as fully as possible and emitted approximately in parallel. It is relevant for this that this lens 5 is located close to the illuminant 2 . Figures 1 and 2 are only to be understood as examples. The light emission 4 leads through the lenses 5 to 8 to the light exit from the moving light 1 .

The second lens is a focus lens 6 , which is arranged after the first effect wheels 3 and causes the focussing of the light so that it can be displaced parallel to the light axis 4 . Finally, here, for example, a zoom lens 7 is also arranged in front of the concluding, second, fixed focusing lens 8 in order to be able to adjust the light effects as desired in their representation on the stage.

In addition, the light axis 4 can be rotated u. a. Effect discs 3 arranged. A plurality of discs 3 , 10 and 11 are arranged here, which are mounted on the housing of the moving light (not shown) via rotary axes 9 and can generally be rotated by an electric motor. D. H . , the axes of rotation 9 run parallel to the light axis 4 of the moving light 1, whereby the axes of rotation 9 ensure that the effect range of the wheels 3, 10 and 11 that is relevant for the light projection can each be rotated into the light axis 4 and rotated out of it again.

On the one hand, a distinction is made here between the so-called gobo and effect wheels 3 , which are arranged between the first fixed focusing lens 5 and the focus lens 6 . Here, for example, punched out are provided that cause a certain shape of the light emission. Since this arrangement of the effect wheels 3 is not the subject matter of the invention, this is only explained for general understanding and in this respect is also not explained exhaustively at this point.

Furthermore, for Figure 1, d. H . for a moving light 1 with pure white light from the light source 2, on the one hand, a color filter 11 on an axis of rotation 9, which is used to emit light of a specific, defined color. D. H . , on this wheel there are filters of very different colors, which are then screwed into the light beam as required, so that the moving light 1 projects this color onto the stage accordingly.

Furthermore, a further effect wheel 10 is provided with so-called shutters, frost filters and/or prisms, which can also be pivoted into the light axis 4 via a rotary axis 9 for lighting purposes.

It is indicated here in the drawing that, ideally, common rotary axes 9 can be used for different effect wheels 3 or also color filters 11, but this is only to be understood as an example and is not mandatory. D. H . It is also possible for each effect wheel 3 or color filter 11 and the like to have its own axis of rotation 9 with its own electromotive drive as part of the moving light 1 .

According to the prior art, FIG. 2 differs from FIG. 1 only in that we do not have a classic gas discharge lamp as the illuminant 2 here, as is the case in FIG 2 an LED illuminant chip 12 is used. Attempts have already been made in the prior art to use an LED illuminant chip 12 to ensure that no additional color filters 11 have to be rotated into the light axis 4 . Color filters 11 have the negative effect that they always take away light intensity and in this respect a stronger light source 2 is necessary to decorate despite the color filter 11 a sufficient light intensity on the stage to proj i.

However, it has been shown in practice that the use of colored LED chips 12 is disadvantageous in that high light outputs are also required here in order to generate different colors with the LED chip 12 and there is therefore also the problem that these LED chips 12 must be run at high power, thereby reducing the service life and the effort to dissipate the resulting heat is also considerable. Therefore, the trend has gone back from colored LED chips 12 as light sources back to purely white LED light sources 12, with color filters 11 having to be used as effect wheels again because only one LED chip 12 with white light emission is used.

The aim of the present invention is to circumvent the prior art just described by means of innovative new solutions in relation to the lighting means 2 that can be used in moving lights 1 . Therefore, the designs of the following Figures 3 to 8 that have now been explained present solutions in which light sources 2 are designed as LED modules 12 and at the same time can supply a moving light 1 with different color emissions without the moving light 1 having a color filter 11, which is problematic for the light intensity must use .

For this purpose, the inventive idea is basically that we use a light source 2 that includes several LED modules 12 that have different types of color emissions by default. The great advantageous effect here is that in this way it is avoided that one tries to generate all the colors for the moving light 1 with an LED illuminant 2 as in FIG. From a purely technical point of view, this is easily possible with an LED chip, but the losses in terms of light output are so high that these LED chips would have to be operated with such high power that the advantages that the LED -Technique at this point offers regarding the lengthy Downtimes and lower energy consumption do not occur.

In Figure 3, therefore, as a first solution for such a light source, a carrier board disc 15 for an LED wheel 13 is disclosed, which, analogous to the example effect wheels 3 used, has an LED wheel axis of rotation 18 around which the LED wheel rotates 13 can rotate rotatably in the light axis 4 . In this respect, it is possible in this way in the exemplary representation to arrange six LED modules 12 in a circle on the carrier board disc 15 of the LED wheel 13, which can be turned into the light axis 4 of the moving light 1 depending on the required color tone.

The LED wheel 13 is thus rotated by an electric motor and the LED chip 12 required for the respective color of a light choreography is positioned in the light axis 4 , with the invention providing here that a heat sink 14 arranged behind the LED wheel 13 When an LED module 12 is reached in the specified position of the light axis 4, it is brought to this heat sink magnetically or by an electric motor, so that contact with the heat sink 14 is established via the corresponding carrier circuit board disk 15 immediately when the emission position of the LED modules 12 is reached.

On the one hand, one possible design is that the heat is transferred from the LED module 12 via the carrier board 15 to the heat sink 14, or that the heat sink 14 is brought into direct contact with the LED module 12, for example by a design of the carrier board disc 15 that allows the LED illuminant chips 12 to be fully embedded in this circuit board disc 15 or a configuration of this carrier plate disc 15 as a frame in which the LED illuminant chips 12 are inserted in such a way that they are in direct contact with the heat sink 14, for example can be made by a magnetic connection. The essential advantageous effect here is that it is not an LED module 12 that has to be able to generate all the required colors in such a way that the moving light 1 can be used sensibly in stage technology in light choreographies, as is the case in the prior art This required color spectrum can be distributed to six different LED modules 12 shown here as an example, which have different structural properties and in this respect can also have different hues, color warmth and colors in addition to pure white. For example, a corresponding LED wheel 13 can have LED modules 12 with different color temperatures from white to RGB LEDs or single-color LEDs. The designs shown as examples in the drawing do not cover all variations, since the number of flexible LED modules 12 can also be selected to be smaller or larger, depending on the application-related requirements, and can be implemented constructively.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, on the one hand, the LED wheel 13 is shown in a side view with a heat sink 14 arranged at the rear. It can be seen here that the heat sink 14 remains static and stationary behind the light axis 4, whereas the LED wheel 13 rotates the required LED module 12 into the position of the light axis 4 in fractions of a second. This takes place in fractions of a second, which is why the light choreography does not have any negative effects on the viewer. It is also provided according to the invention to be able to approach the alternating sensitive LED modules 12 in such a way that a smooth light transition is achieved, i.e. the rotating LED module 12 already emits light during this process, if this is necessary for the lighting design is .

It is also clear from FIG. 5 that this incorporation of the illuminant 2 into the construction of a moving light 1 is inventively advantageously solved, since this LED wheel 13 is integrated in such a way that it is analogous to the other gobo and effect wheels, for example 3 can be placed and thus the previous basic structure of the Housing a moving lights 1 is included in the construction. In this respect, this arrangement makes it possible to work with a previously existing moving light 1 and to supplement it constructively with an LED wheel 13 for this use. It is also possible to share the LED wheel axis of rotation 18 for the LED wheel 13 and effect wheels 3, for which purpose the LED wheel axis of rotation 18 is divided into sections which are designed to be rotatable by an electric motor independently of one another or together. In this way, for example, a common electric motor can be used.

Finally, an alternative design for this basic inventive idea of using a plurality of LED modules 12 in a moving light 1 in FIGS. 6 to 8 is to be explained below. A rotary movement of the LED modules 12 in the light axis 4 is not shown, but it is provided that a guide frame 16 is arranged as the light source 2 on the moving light 1, in which the LED modules 12 arranged on carrier boards 19 are guided in a displaceable manner, i.e. H . It can be achieved, for example, via a tongue and groove guide 21, the displaceability of the carrier boards 19 with the LED modules 12 arranged thereon.

Here, Figures 6 to 8 show a design in which an electric motor rotationally moved sliding spindle or. a threaded spindle 17 is displaceably guided on four support plates 19 arranged crosswise to one another in the crosswise running guide frame 16 . D. H . , the arrangement has a central LED module 12 . 5 , which is arranged in the guide frame 16 so that it can be displaced both horizontally and vertically in both displacement axes. This central LED module 12 . 5 is, however, only of this LED module 12 . 5 surrounding additional LED modules 12 . 1 to 12 . 4 moves, which can be pushed into the central light emission position or out of it again via the slide spindle 17, for example.

It is therefore in the case of the slide spindle 17 designed in this exemplary representation as an electric motor operated device only to the linear displacement of the outer LED modules 12 . 1 to 12 . 4 to the central position and the return from the central light emission position to the lateral position lying out of the light emission axis.

In the solution presented as an example, this results in an arrangement of five LED modules 12 . 1 to 12 . 5 . , which can be used analogously to the application described above .

It is clear in FIG. 7 that behind the central field of the guide frame 16 there is a cooling body 14 which cools the respective LED carrier circuit board 19 which is currently in the light emission in the light beam axis 4 . D. H . Similar to the LED wheel 13, an LED carrier board 19 is also pushed into the light emission axis 4 and then brought into direct contact with the heat sink 14, for example via an electromotive movement or via a magnetic connection, which causes heat to be transferred from the LED module 12 the heat sink 14 allows.

Here, too, it is provided either to effect heat dissipation via the carrier board 19 from the LED module 12 to the heat sink 14 or alternatively to effect a direct connection between the heat sink 14 and the LED module 12 by this LED module 12 in the carrier board 19 is arranged like a frame.

It is clear that the number of LED modules 12 used in this exemplary representation with five LED modules 12 . 1 to 12 . 5 does not represent a final representation of the invention. It would also be possible here, for example, to increase the number of possible LED modules 12 to nine by further arranging LED modules 12, in that each axis of the guide frame 16 arranged in the shape of a cross is not just a moveable one, as is shown here in the figure Support board 19, but rather two support boards 19 arranged one behind the other are displaceably guided. So would come one already has a possible arrangement of nine LED modules

12 , which can be pushed into the light axis 4 via the guide frame 16 .

There would also be the possibility of arranging four guide axes on eight guide axes in a star shape, which means that a larger number of carrier boards can also be pushed into the light axis in this way. It is relevant that we have at least one guide axis in the guide frame 16, on which the carrier boards 19 can be moved. An arrangement of five LED circuit boards, as shown here in the drawing, would also be possible with only one axis of the guide frame 16 running horizontally or vertically, for example, by arranging the central LED module 12 on the side. 5 each two further LED modules 12 . 1 to 12 . 4 are arranged.

Also with regard to the movement of the LED boards, alternatives to an electromotive in a hydraulically or pneumatically operated displacement mechanism can be seen. Relevant here are the sizes and areas of application of the headlights for which the LED circuit boards are to be changed and which can make different drives advantageous.

In this respect, it should be made clear that this is merely an exemplary design and not a design that represents final constructive solutions.

In addition, other alternatives are also conceivable and covered by the protection of the application, which have neither an LED wheel 13 nor a guide frame 16, but instead arrange LED modules 12 on individually assigned carrier bodies, which are then moved into the light axis 4. In this way, for example, a circular arrangement of individual carrier elements for LED modules 12 would also be conceivable, which bring about a single movement in the light emission axis 4 . Since then each of these carrier boards would have to be associated with a separate, usually electromotive arrangement, the design effort would be higher at this point, which is why an arrangement of multiple LED modules 12 is preferable on a common carrier body.

However, a solution that is not shown in the drawing would also be conceivable here, in which the LED modules 12 are arranged on a common carrier board 19, but this is not pivoted about an axis of rotation 18 into the light axis, as is shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is shown, but the carrier board is displaced via a guiding robot, which enables precise positioning of the LED chips arranged on the carrier body or a common carrier board in the light axis without a rotary axis or guide rails, with at least one corresponding guide arm on this carrier plate or board for this purpose attacks, which guides them with the LED modules 12 arranged thereon into the desired position in the light axis.

A combination of the two solutions shown in the drawing is also provided here by a common carrier for different LED modules 12, which, however, is not moved in rotation but rather acts on the arms, which, by linear displacements in several axes, arrange the different LED chips 12 in the Cause light axis 4.

The assembly of the LED modules (12) that can be alternatively inserted into the light axis (4) can have the following light emissions in an exemplary design:

1. LED module (12) daylight white (8000k)

2. LED module (12) cool white (5700k)

3. LED module (12) warm white (2600k)

4. LED module (12) Amber hue

5. LED module (12) Red hue

6. LED module (12) Blue tint

7. LED module (12) Green hue

8. LED module (12) RGB colors

9. LED module (12) RGBW colors

10. LED module (12) RGBAW colors Several moving lights used in a stage technique can include these LED modules (12) or can also have complementary configurations with these LED modules (12).

Claims

Headlight for generating light and/or projection effects for use in event and stage technology or architectural lighting, with at least several LED light sources being arranged as light sources in the headlight, characterized in that

- as LED light sources, several LED modules (12) with different LED equipment for generating differently colored light emission of the LED modules (12) are movably guided on at least one carrier board in or on the headlight,

- wherein by means of mechanical guide and/or support elements and at least one electrical drive, these LED modules (12) of different color emission are designed to be insertable as required into the light emission axis (4) of the headlight,

- Wherein the LED module (12) that is in operation is in releasable contact with a heat sink. Headlamp for generating light and/or projection effects according to Claim 1, characterized in that the LED modules (12) located in the light axis rest on the heat sink (14) by means of a detachable electromagnetic connection. Headlamp for generating light and/or projection effects according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the different LED configurations of the LED modules (12) have the light emission daylight white (8000k), cold white (5700k), warm white (2600k), Amber Hue, Red Hue, Blue Hue, Green Hue, RGB Colors, RGBW Colors, and RGBAW Colors. Headlamp for generating light and/or projection effects according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

- the mechanical guide element for the LED modules (12) is an LED wheel (13) rotating about an LED wheel axis of rotation (18) arranged parallel to the light emission axis (4) of the headlight,

- the LED wheel (13) being mounted on or in the headlight as a mounting plate (15) carrying a plurality of mounting boards or as a common mounting board carrying the various LED modules (12),

- on which several LED modules (12) of different colored light emission are arranged next to each other,

- The LED module (12) required in each case being positioned by the carrier plate (15) in the light axis (4) of the headlight and in a contact position with a heat sink (14). 19 headlights for generating light and / or projection effects according to claim 4, characterized in that

- the axis of rotation (18) of the carrier plate (15) or common carrier board also serves as a common axis of rotation (18) for effect wheels (3),

- For which the axis of rotation (18) is divided into sections which are designed to be rotatable by an electric motor independently of one another or together. Headlight for generating light and / or projection effects according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that

- the LED modules (12) arranged on several carrier boards are arranged countersunk in receptacles in the carrier plate (15),

- whereby the carrier boards of the light axis (4) located LED modules (12) rest directly on the heat sink (14). Headlamp for generating light and/or projection effects according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

- As a mechanical guide element, the LED modules (12) are linearly guided on carrier elements or carrier boards via rail guides

- And with an electric motor, hydraulically or pneumatically operated displacement mechanism in the light axis (4) of the headlight are designed to be displaceable. 20 headlights for generating light and / or projection effects according to claim 7, characterized in that the rail guides in a guide frame (16) are arranged in a cross shape or star shape around the light axis (4). Headlamp for generating light and/or projection effects according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the displacement mechanism has threaded spindles (17) on the carrier plates (19) which are moved in rotation by an electric motor. Headlight for generating light and/or projection effects according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a plurality of LED modules (12) with different LED equipment are arranged on a common carrier circuit board or carrier plate (15) and are guided by means of at least one articulated guide arm in the light emission axis (4) of the headlight can be inserted.