EP2333404A1 - Light emitter with diffuser - Google Patents
Light emitter with diffuser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2333404A1 EP2333404A1 EP10193952A EP10193952A EP2333404A1 EP 2333404 A1 EP2333404 A1 EP 2333404A1 EP 10193952 A EP10193952 A EP 10193952A EP 10193952 A EP10193952 A EP 10193952A EP 2333404 A1 EP2333404 A1 EP 2333404A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lighting device
- light
- plate
- light source
- liquid crystals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
- F21V14/003—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by interposition of elements with electrically controlled variable light transmissivity, e.g. liquid crystal elements or electrochromic devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
- F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lighting device, in particular in the form of a beacon for TV studios, stages, etc.
- the lighting device comprises a light source.
- halogen lamps are used for such purposes, the lighting area being optionally restricted by means of diaphragms or lens systems.
- diffusers which can be selectively inserted into the illumination beam path and removed from it. Without a diffuser, the light from the object spotlight hits concentrated on a small section of the stage. If the diffuser is introduced into the beam path, the light is scattered in the most different directions, so that a planar illumination is generated. When changing between the two states, the diffuser is moved mechanically.
- the invention is based on the object to present such a lighting device that allows fast switching between different lighting conditions. Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the object is achieved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims.
- a plate-shaped element is arranged in the beam path of the light source.
- the plate-shaped member comprises two transparent plates enclosing a liquid crystal layer therebetween.
- the plate-shaped element can assume two states. In a first state, the liquid crystals are disordered. In a second state, the liquid crystals are aligned with each other. For switching between the states, an electric voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.
- a beacon refers to a high-intensity illumination device, with which an object can be illuminated from a distance.
- the light emanating from the illuminator can be adjusted so that it is concentrated on the object, while other areas are not illuminated.
- object radiators can be used in particular in TV studios, theaters, stages. Possible are also uses in the lighting of buildings, shop windows, showcases and the like.
- the liquid crystals in the plate-shaped element have the property that they are translucent only in certain directions.
- the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer are disordered, the light coming from the light source is scattered and directed in various directions. Even if the liquid crystals are disordered, a large part of the incident light may pass through the plate-shaped member. The exiting light is diffuse, the plate-shaped element thus acts like a frosted glass.
- the plate-shaped element in this state acts as a diffuser.
- the plate-shaped element in this state is transparent in the sense that one can recognize an object through the plate-shaped element. In this state of the plate-shaped element, therefore, the light from the light source is passed directly to the object.
- the liquid crystals are disordered in the initial state and they align after applying a voltage.
- the plate-shaped elements thus have an electrically adjustable transparency.
- the plate-like elements are known and commercially available.
- the plate-shaped elements according to the invention of so-called light locks, which are based on liquid crystals. Characteristic of light locks, like them for example, used in LCD displays is a state in which the light is not allowed to pass.
- the diffuser according to the invention it is possible to switch the lighting device almost instantaneously between a direct illumination and a diffuse illumination. In particular, it is no longer necessary to move the diffuser mechanically into or out of the beam path.
- the transparent plates of the plate-shaped elements are preferably arranged substantially parallel to each other.
- the plates may be made of glass or other material such as plastic.
- the material can be rigid or flexible. If the plates are flexible, the plate-shaped element as a whole is flexible. The plates can be even. Also possible are embodiments in which the plates are curved.
- the plate-shaped elements are often not very heat resistant.
- a light source that emits much heat such as an incandescent lamp or a halogen lamp
- An advantage is a light source that emits little heat, such as an LED.
- the diffuser can then be arranged at a small distance from the light source, for example less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm.
- the light source may include a plurality of LEDs.
- the LEDs can be arranged two-dimensionally, for example in the form of a matrix or honeycomb.
- cooling means for the plate-shaped elements may be provided.
- the LEDs preferably comprise a collimator optic arranged in front of the luminous substrate, so that the light is emitted in a narrow cone of rays.
- the collimator optics of the LED should be distinguished from other lenses that the illumination device may possibly have.
- an electrically conductive layer may be formed on each side of the liquid crystal layer.
- a voltage source can be provided between the two electrically conductive layers.
- a switch is arranged between the voltage source and the electrically conductive layers, with which the voltage can be switched on or off. By operating the switch, it is possible to switch between a state of the plate-shaped member in which the liquid crystals are disordered and a state in which the liquid crystals are aligned with each other.
- a voltage regulator is provided with which a plurality of different voltages can be applied between the electrically conductive layers.
- the voltage regulator may be configured to adjust DC voltage or AC voltage, the adjustment preferably can be steplessly.
- the term voltage regulator also encompasses devices which generate different voltage profiles, for example by generating a specific average voltage by rapid switching back and forth. Experiments have shown that rapidly changing voltages can cause a faster reaction of the liquid crystals.
- a particular object be permanently subject to direct illumination and that the illumination be varied only in the environment of the object. It may therefore be expedient if the plate-shaped elements only partially cover the light emitted by the light source. It can then be adjusted whether the permanent direct illumination is supplemented by further direct light or by diffused light.
- One application for this could be the lighting of a showcase, which is to be permanently illuminated directly, while in the environment different illuminations are desired, for example, depending on the additional incident daylight.
- the illumination device can be set up in such a way that even further properties of the light conducted onto the object can be influenced.
- These properties may be, for example, the color of the light or the color temperature.
- the light source can have a plurality of separate light regions which emit light with different properties.
- the light areas may be created by filters having different properties.
- a first light region of the light source can be warm-white and a second light region of the light source can be cold-white Emit light. It is also possible that the different light areas emit light in different colors.
- the diffuser can comprise a plurality of mutually separate sub-areas, which can be controlled separately from one another.
- the partial surfaces may be formed on a single plate-shaped element or on a plurality of plate-shaped elements.
- the partial areas can be assigned to the light areas.
- a partial surface of the diffuser is arranged in front of each light region.
- the properties of the light can now be influenced. For example, if the partial area arranged in front of the warm-white light area is in the clear state (liquid crystals aligned) and the partial area arranged in front of the cold-white light area is in the diffuse state (liquid crystals disordered), the object is primarily illuminated with warm white light. If the object is then to be illuminated cold-white, then a reverse control of the partial surfaces is required. If the voltage applied to the faces is changed simultaneously and in opposite directions, it is possible to switch between warm white light and cold white light without the brightness changing significantly. Also any intermediate states between warm-white light and cold-white light can be adjusted in this way. Corresponding transitions are possible between light of different colors.
- the illumination device therefore comprises an optical element, with which the light emerging from the partial surfaces can be superimposed.
- the illumination device can be equipped with further lens elements which are arranged in the beam path and influence the illuminated area.
- the electrically controllable plate-shaped elements can be arranged directly behind the LEDs, ie between the LEDs and the lens systems.
- the electrically controllable plate-shaped elements between the lenses or lens systems are arranged.
- the plate-shaped elements are arranged by the light source on the other side of the lens system.
- a suspension for the lighting device which makes it possible that the lighting device can be moved relative to a rigid structure.
- a rigid structure in this sense for example, a tripod is considered.
- the invention further relates to an arrangement comprising a lighting device according to the invention and a wall, wherein the lighting device is arranged such that the light emitted by the lighting device strikes the wall at an acute angle.
- a lighting device is arranged at a small distance from the plane of the wall, which illuminates obliquely on the wall.
- the illumination device according to the invention it becomes possible to vary between a concentrated illumination of a small area and a uniform illumination of a larger area.
- the lighting device can be adjusted so that even in the near range, the different colors of a multi-colored light source are not individually visible.
- An acute angle is understood in particular to mean an angle of less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °.
- the angle refers to the center beam of the illumination.
- the lighting device can be arranged on the same side of the wall on which the TV camera is arranged. The light is then reflected off the wall. The application is also possible with translucent walls. The lighting device is then placed on the other side of the wall and the light passes through the wall.
- FIG. 1 A lighting device 14 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 1 arranged on a tripod 15. Via a hinge 16, the lighting device 14 can be pivoted up and down, a hinge 17, the lighting device 14 can be rotated to the right and left.
- the illumination device 14 is set to provide concentrated illumination for an object 18 on a stage 19.
- the illumination device 14 comprises a light source 29 arranged in a housing 20.
- the light source 29 is composed of a plurality of light sources Fig. 5 shown LEDs 30 together.
- the LEDs 30 are arranged honeycomb-like side by side and aligned parallel to each other to the output of the housing 20.
- Each LED 30 includes a collimator optics so that the light is emitted in the form of a narrow cone.
- a diffuser 21 is arranged at the outlet of the housing 20.
- the light source 29 is a single powerful LED, for example with a power of more than 50 W.
- the diffuser 21 Contained in the diffuser 21 is a plurality of liquid crystals 22 which transmit light only in certain directions, respectively. Are the liquid crystals 22 as in Fig. 3A aligned with each other, they are all translucent in the same direction. When light that is in Fig. 3 indicated by arrows 24, impinges on the diffuser 22, the light can pass directly through the diffuser 22 in the appropriate direction. The diffuser 22 is then transparent. Are the liquid crystals 22 as in Fig. 3B disordered, the light is diffused in the diffuser 21 in all possible directions. Also in this state, the majority of the light on the other side of the diffuser 21 exits again, but in different directions. The effect of the diffuser 21 is similar to that of frosted glass.
- the diffuser in the lighting device 14 has the shape of a plate-shaped element 25.
- the plate-shaped element 25 comprises two glass plates 26, which are arranged at a small distance parallel to each other. Between them, the glass plates 26 enclose a layer of liquid crystals 22. Between the glass plates 26 and the liquid crystal layer, a conductive layer 27 is formed respectively. Via a controllable voltage source 28, a voltage between the conductive layers 27 can be applied. When no voltage is applied between the conductive layers 27, the liquid crystals 22 are disordered and incident light is scattered in various directions. By applying a voltage between the conductive layers 27, the liquid crystals 22 are aligned with each other. Incident light can pass straight through and the plate-shaped element 25 becomes transparent.
- the voltage source 28 is infinitely variable, so that a continuous transition of the liquid crystals 22 from the disordered state to the aligned state is possible.
- a voltage is applied to the diffuser 21 and the diffuser 21 is transparent.
- the light generated by the light source 29 passes straight through the diffuser 21 and impinges directly on the object 18 on the stage 19.
- This lighting condition is suitable, for example, to take close-up shots of the object 18.
- the stage 19 is uniformly illuminated with diffused light over a large area, so that good illumination is provided for overview photos.
- Fig. 6 shows a front view of an alternative embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention 14.
- the light source 29 is divided into four separate light regions 31. In each light region 31, twelve LEDs 30 are arranged in matrix form. Two obliquely opposite light areas 31 are equipped with LEDs 30 which emit cold white light. The LEDs 30 of the other two light areas 31 emit warm white light.
- the plate-shaped element 25 of the diffuser 21 has four partial surfaces 32 on which a voltage can be applied independently of one another.
- a cross section through the corresponding plate-shaped element is in Fig. 7 shown.
- the conductive layer 27 is interrupted according to the partial surfaces 32.
- a voltage source 28 is provided, so that an independent control of the partial areas 32 is possible.
- Fig. 7 is at the lower part surface 32 to a voltage and not on the upper part surface 32.
- Each of the partial surfaces 32 of the diffuser 21 is assigned to a light region 31 and positioned in front of the relevant light region 31.
- the warm-white light and the cold-white light can be directed or scattered directly on the object.
- suitable control of the partial surfaces 32 as a continuous change in the color temperature of the illumination is possible. In particular, this change is possible without at the same time the brightness changes significantly.
- the light areas 31 are equipped with LEDs 30 of different color, it is possible in a corresponding manner, to achieve continuous transitions in the color of the lighting.
- LEDs 30 instead of LEDs 30 with different colors, the same color LEDs can be used and the light can be influenced by appropriate filters.
- the plate-shaped element 25 covers only a part of the LEDs 30.
- the centrally arranged LEDs 30 always radiate directly onto the object. Only with the LEDs 30 at the edge can be set whether they should illuminate the object directly or whether the light should be scattered.
- Fig. 9 there are two lens systems indicated schematically at 5, with which the illumination angle can be changed by displacing these lens systems or by shifting parts of the lens systems relative to one another.
- the plate 21 can be selected again between direct illumination by the LEDs of the lighting device 1 and a diffuse illumination.
- the light source 29 is composed of a red LED 33, a green LED 34 and a blue LED 35, which are each equipped with a Kolllimatoroptik.
- a single controllable diffuser 21 is arranged in front of each LED. Via mirrors 36 and the dichroic mirrors 37, the light is superimposed into a concentric light beam. If all diffusers 21 are in the same state, the superimposed light beam is white. If, for example, the light of the red LED 33 is scattered more strongly, the result is an image as shown in FIG Fig. 10 indicated at 38. It forms a corona of red light, while the intensity of the red light in the center is reduced.
- Fig. 11 shows a TV studio with a table 38 and a chair 39, on which, for example, a newscaster can sit.
- the background for the images taken with a TV camera 40 forms a wall 41.
- a lighting device 14 according to the invention is arranged, which illuminates the wall 41 at an acute angle. By adjusting the diffuser 21, the intensity and the area distribution of the illumination can be set so that the desired image is created for the TV camera.
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- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung, insbesondere in Form eines Leuchtstrahlers für TV-Studios, Bühnen etc. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung umfasst eine Lichtquelle.The invention relates to a lighting device, in particular in the form of a beacon for TV studios, stages, etc. The lighting device comprises a light source.
An solche Leuchtstrahler werden heute hohe Anforderungen gestellt. Denkt man beispielsweise an den Einsatz von Objektstrahlern in TV-Studios, so ist es erforderlich, dass bestimmte Bereiche mit großer Helligkeit ausgeleuchtet werden, während andere Bereiche im Dunkeln bleiben sollen. Je nach Art der gewünschten TV-Aufnahme sind zudem unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften des ausgestrahlten Lichts erwünscht. Für eine Detailaufnahme von einem kleinen Ausschnitt der Bühne soll das Licht möglichst konzentriert auf diesen Ausschnitt treffen. Bei einer Übersichtsaufnahme von der Bühne insgesamt hingegen ist eine flächige Ausleuchtung erforderlich.At such Leuchtstrahler high demands are made today. For example, considering the use of object spotlights in TV studios, it is necessary to illuminate certain areas with high brightness while leaving other areas in the dark. Depending on the nature of the desired TV recording also different characteristics of the emitted light are desired. For a detailed view of a small section of the stage, the light should hit this detail as concentrated as possible. On the other hand, in the case of an overview shot of the stage as a whole, a planar illumination is required.
Nach klassischer Vorgehensweise werden für solche Zwecke starke Halogenstrahler verwendet, wobei der Leuchtbereich gegebenenfalls mittels Blenden oder Linsensystemen eingeschränkt wird. Für den Wechsel zwischen konzentrierter Beleuchtung und Flächenbeleuchtung werden Diffusoren eingesetzt, die wahlweise in den Beleuchtungsstrahlengang eingebracht bzw. aus diesem entfernt werden können. Ohne Diffusor trifft das Licht von dem Objektstrahler konzentriert auf einen kleinen Ausschnitt der Bühne. Wird der Diffusor in den Strahlengang eingebracht, wird das Licht in die unterschiedlichsten Richtungen gestreut, so dass eine flächige Beleuchtung erzeugt wird. Beim Wechsel zwischen den beiden Zuständen wird der Diffusor mechanisch bewegt.According to the classical procedure, strong halogen lamps are used for such purposes, the lighting area being optionally restricted by means of diaphragms or lens systems. For the change between concentrated lighting and surface lighting diffusers are used, which can be selectively inserted into the illumination beam path and removed from it. Without a diffuser, the light from the object spotlight hits concentrated on a small section of the stage. If the diffuser is introduced into the beam path, the light is scattered in the most different directions, so that a planar illumination is generated. When changing between the two states, the diffuser is moved mechanically.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine derartige Beleuchtungsvorrichtung vorzustellen, die schnelle Wechsel zwischen verschiedenen Beleuchtungszuständen ermöglicht. Ausgehend vom eingangs genannten Stand der Technik wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen finden sich in den Unteransprüchen.The invention is based on the object to present such a lighting device that allows fast switching between different lighting conditions. Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the object is achieved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß ist in dem Strahlengang der Lichtquelle ein plattenförmiges Element angeordnet. Das plattenförmige Element umfasst zwei durchsichtige Platten, die eine Flüssigkristallschicht zwischen sich einschließen. Das plattenförmige Element kann zwei Zustände einnehmen. In einem ersten Zustand sind die Flüssigkristalle ungeordnet. In einem zweiten Zustand sind die Flüssigkristalle miteinander ausgerichtet. Zum Wechseln zwischen den Zuständen wird eine elektrische Spannung an die Flüssigkristallschicht angelegt.According to the invention, a plate-shaped element is arranged in the beam path of the light source. The plate-shaped member comprises two transparent plates enclosing a liquid crystal layer therebetween. The plate-shaped element can assume two states. In a first state, the liquid crystals are disordered. In a second state, the liquid crystals are aligned with each other. For switching between the states, an electric voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.
Ein Leuchtstrahler bezeichnet eine lichtstarke Beleuchtungseinrichtung, mit der ein Objekt aus einer Entfernung angestrahlt werden kann. Das von dem Leuchtstrahler ausgehende Licht kann so eingestellt werden, dass es auf das Objekt konzentriert ist, während andere Bereiche nicht angestrahlt werden. Solche Objektstrahler können insbesondere in TV-Studios, Theatern, Bühnen eingesetzt werden. Möglich sind auch Verwendungen bei der Beleuchtung von Gebäuden, Schaufenstern, Vitrinen und ähnlichem.A beacon refers to a high-intensity illumination device, with which an object can be illuminated from a distance. The light emanating from the illuminator can be adjusted so that it is concentrated on the object, while other areas are not illuminated. Such object radiators can be used in particular in TV studios, theaters, stages. Possible are also uses in the lighting of buildings, shop windows, showcases and the like.
Die Flüssigkristalle in dem plattenförmigen Element haben die Eigenschaft, dass sie jeweils nur in bestimmten Richtungen lichtdurchlässig sind. Wenn die Flüssigkristalle in der Flüssigkristallschicht ungeordnet sind, wird das von der Lichtquelle kommende Licht gestreut und in die unterschiedlichsten Richtungen geleitet. Auch wenn die Flüssigkristalle ungeordnet sind, kann ein großer Teil des auftreffenden Lichts durch das plattenförmige Element hindurchtreten. Das austretende Licht ist diffus, das plattenförmige Element wirkt also nach Art einer Milchglasscheibe. In der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung wirkt das plattenförmige Element in diesem Zustand als Diffusor.The liquid crystals in the plate-shaped element have the property that they are translucent only in certain directions. When the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer are disordered, the light coming from the light source is scattered and directed in various directions. Even if the liquid crystals are disordered, a large part of the incident light may pass through the plate-shaped member. The exiting light is diffuse, the plate-shaped element thus acts like a frosted glass. In the lighting device according to the invention, the plate-shaped element in this state acts as a diffuser.
Sind die Flüssigkristalle in der Flüssigkristallschicht miteinander ausgerichtet, kann das von der Lichtquelle ausgehende Licht direkt durch das plattenförmige Element hindurchtreten. Das plattenförmige Element ist in diesem Zustand durchsichtig in dem Sinne, dass man ein Objekt durch das plattenförmige Element hindurch erkennen kann. In diesem Zustand des plattenförmigen Elements wird also das Licht von der Lichtquelle direkt auf das Objekt geleitet. Regelmäßig sind die Flüssigkristalle im Ausgangszustand ungeordnet und sie richten sich nach Anlegen einer Spannung aus. Die plattenförmigen Elemente haben damit eine elektrisch einstellbare Transparenz. Die plattenförmigen Elemente als solche sind bekannt und im Handel erhältlich. Zu unterscheiden sind die erfindungsgemäßen plattenförmigen Elemente von so genannten Lichtschleusen, die auf Flüssigkristallen basieren. Kennzeichnend für Lichtschleusen, wie sie beispielsweise in LCD-Anzeigen verwendet werden, ist ein Zustand, in dem das Licht gar nicht durchgelassen wird.When the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer are aligned with each other, the light emitted from the light source can pass directly through the plate-shaped member. The plate-shaped element in this state is transparent in the sense that one can recognize an object through the plate-shaped element. In this state of the plate-shaped element, therefore, the light from the light source is passed directly to the object. Regularly, the liquid crystals are disordered in the initial state and they align after applying a voltage. The plate-shaped elements thus have an electrically adjustable transparency. As such, the plate-like elements are known and commercially available. To distinguish are the plate-shaped elements according to the invention of so-called light locks, which are based on liquid crystals. Characteristic of light locks, like them for example, used in LCD displays is a state in which the light is not allowed to pass.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Diffusor wird es möglich, die Beleuchtungseinrichtung nahezu verzögerungsfrei zwischen einer direkten Beleuchtung und einer diffusen Beleuchtung umzuschalten. Insbesondere ist es nicht mehr erforderlich, den Diffusor mechanisch in den Strahlengang hinein bzw. aus diesem heraus zu bewegen.With the diffuser according to the invention it is possible to switch the lighting device almost instantaneously between a direct illumination and a diffuse illumination. In particular, it is no longer necessary to move the diffuser mechanically into or out of the beam path.
Die durchsichtigen Platten der plattenförmigen Elemente sind vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander angeordnet. Die Platten können aus Glas oder einem anderen Material, wie beispielsweise Kunststoff bestehen. Das Material kann starr oder flexibel sein. Wenn die Platten flexibel sind, ist auch das plattenförmige Element insgesamt flexibel. Die Platten können eben sein. Möglich sind auch Ausführungsformen, bei denen die Platten gewölbt sind.The transparent plates of the plate-shaped elements are preferably arranged substantially parallel to each other. The plates may be made of glass or other material such as plastic. The material can be rigid or flexible. If the plates are flexible, the plate-shaped element as a whole is flexible. The plates can be even. Also possible are embodiments in which the plates are curved.
Die plattenförmigen Elemente sind häufig nicht sehr hitzebeständig. Wenn eine Lichtquelle verwendet wird, die viel Wärme abstrahlt, wie beispielsweise eine Glühlampe oder eine Halogenlampe, muss zwischen dem Diffusor und der Lichtquelle einiger Abstand gegeben sein, damit der Diffusor nicht durch die Hitze beschädigt wird. Von Vorteil ist eine Lichtquelle, die nur wenig Wärme abstrahlt, wie beispielsweise eine LED. Der Diffusor kann dann in einem geringen Abstand zu der Lichtquelle angeordnet werden, beispielsweise weniger als 20 cm, vorzugsweise weniger als 10 cm. Die Lichtquelle kann eine Mehrzahl von LEDs umfassen. Die LEDs können zweidimensional angeordnet sein, beispielsweise matrixförmig oder bienenwabenartig.The plate-shaped elements are often not very heat resistant. When using a light source that emits much heat, such as an incandescent lamp or a halogen lamp, there must be some clearance between the diffuser and the light source so that the diffuser is not damaged by the heat. An advantage is a light source that emits little heat, such as an LED. The diffuser can then be arranged at a small distance from the light source, for example less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm. The light source may include a plurality of LEDs. The LEDs can be arranged two-dimensionally, for example in the form of a matrix or honeycomb.
Um das Risiko von Hitzeschäden weiter zu vermindern, können Kühleinrichtungen für die plattenförmigen Elemente vorgesehen sein.In order to further reduce the risk of heat damage, cooling means for the plate-shaped elements may be provided.
Die LED umfassen vorzugsweise eine vor dem leuchtenden Substrat angeordnete Kollimatoroptik, so dass das Licht in einem engen Strahlenkegel ausgesandt wird. Die Kollimatoroptik der LED ist zu unterscheiden, von weiteren Linsen, die die Beleuchtungseinrichtung gegebenenfalls aufweisen kann.The LEDs preferably comprise a collimator optic arranged in front of the luminous substrate, so that the light is emitted in a narrow cone of rays. The collimator optics of the LED should be distinguished from other lenses that the illumination device may possibly have.
Um die Flüssigkristalle einer elektrischen Spannung auszusetzen, kann zu beiden Seiten der Flüssigkristallschicht jeweils eine elektrisch leitende Schicht ausgebildet sein. Zwischen den beiden elektrisch leitenden Schichten kann einer Spannungsquelle vorgesehen sein. Im einfachsten Fall ist zwischen der Spannungsquelle und den elektrisch leitenden Schichten ein Schalter angeordnet, mit dem die Spannung eingeschaltet bzw. ausgeschaltet werden kann. Durch Betätigen des Schalters kann gewechselt werden zwischen einem Zustand des plattenförmigen Elements, in dem die Flüssigkristalle ungeordnet sind, und einem Zustand, in dem die Flüssigkristalle zueinander ausgerichtet sind. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist ein Spannungsregler vorgesehen, mit dem eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Spannungen zwischen den elektrisch leitenden Schichten angelegt werden kann. Es ist dann möglich, in mehreren Stufen oder sogar kontinuierlich zwischen einem vollständig ungeordneten und einem vollständig ausgerichteten Zustand der Flüssigkristalle zu wechseln. Für den Diffusor besteht dadurch die Möglichkeit von Zwischenzuständen zwischen dem ganz durchsichtigen und dem ganz diffusen Zustand. Der Spannungsregler kann dazu ausgelegt sein, Gleichspannung oder Wechselspannung einzustellen, wobei die Einstellung vorzugsweise stufenlos erfolgen kann. Der Begriff Spannungsregler umfasst auch Einrichtungen, die andersartige Spannungsverläufe erzeugen, beispielsweise indem durch schnelles Hin- und Herschalten eine bestimmte Durchschnittsspannung erzeugt wird. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass schnell wechselnde Spannungen eine schnellere Reaktion der Flüssigkristalle bewirken können.In order to expose the liquid crystals to an electrical voltage, an electrically conductive layer may be formed on each side of the liquid crystal layer. Between the two electrically conductive layers, a voltage source can be provided. In the simplest case, a switch is arranged between the voltage source and the electrically conductive layers, with which the voltage can be switched on or off. By operating the switch, it is possible to switch between a state of the plate-shaped member in which the liquid crystals are disordered and a state in which the liquid crystals are aligned with each other. In an advantageous embodiment, a voltage regulator is provided with which a plurality of different voltages can be applied between the electrically conductive layers. It is then possible to switch in several stages or even continuously between a completely disordered and a fully aligned state of the liquid crystals. For the diffuser this gives rise to the possibility of intermediate states between the very transparent and the very diffuse state. The voltage regulator may be configured to adjust DC voltage or AC voltage, the adjustment preferably can be steplessly. The term voltage regulator also encompasses devices which generate different voltage profiles, for example by generating a specific average voltage by rapid switching back and forth. Experiments have shown that rapidly changing voltages can cause a faster reaction of the liquid crystals.
Gelegentlich ist es gewünscht, dass ein bestimmtes Objekt permanent einer direkten Beleuchtung unterliegt und die Beleuchtung nur in der Umgebung des Objekts variiert wird. Es kann deswegen zweckmäßig sein, wenn die plattenförmigen Elemente das von der Lichtquelle ausgehende Licht nur teilweise abdecken. Es kann dann eingestellt werden, ob die permanente direkte Beleuchtung mit weiterem direktem Licht oder mit diffusem Licht ergänzt wird. Ein Anwendungsfall dafür könnte die Beleuchtung einer Vitrine sein, die permanent direkt angestrahlt werden soll, während in der Umgebung unterschiedliche Beleuchtungen gewünscht sind, beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit vom zusätzlich einfallenden Tageslicht.Occasionally, it is desired that a particular object be permanently subject to direct illumination and that the illumination be varied only in the environment of the object. It may therefore be expedient if the plate-shaped elements only partially cover the light emitted by the light source. It can then be adjusted whether the permanent direct illumination is supplemented by further direct light or by diffused light. One application for this could be the lighting of a showcase, which is to be permanently illuminated directly, while in the environment different illuminations are desired, for example, depending on the additional incident daylight.
Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann so eingerichtet sein, dass noch weitere Eigenschaften des auf das Objekt geleiteten Lichts beeinflusst werden können. Diese Eigenschaften können beispielsweise die Farbe des Lichts oder die Farbtemperatur sein. Dazu kann die Lichtquelle mehrere voneinander getrennte Lichtbereiche aufweisen, die Licht mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften ausstrahlen. Gegebenenfalls können die Lichtbereiche durch Filter mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften erzeugt werden. Beispielsweise kann ein erster Lichtbereich der Lichtquelle warm-weißes und ein zweiter Lichtbereich der Lichtquelle kalt-weißes Licht ausstrahlen. Möglich ist es auch, dass die verschiedenen Lichtbereiche Licht in unterschiedlichen Farben auszusenden. Um die Eigenschaften des Lichts beeinflussen zu können, kann der Diffusor eine Mehrzahl voneinander getrennter Teilflächen umfassen, die separat voneinander angesteuert werden können. Die Teilflächen an einem einzelnen plattenförmigen Element oder an einer Mehrzahl von plattenförmigen Elementen ausgebildet sein. Die Teilflächen können den Lichtbereichen zugeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise ist vor jedem Lichtbereich eine Teilfläche des Diffusors angeordnet.The illumination device according to the invention can be set up in such a way that even further properties of the light conducted onto the object can be influenced. These properties may be, for example, the color of the light or the color temperature. For this purpose, the light source can have a plurality of separate light regions which emit light with different properties. Optionally, the light areas may be created by filters having different properties. For example, a first light region of the light source can be warm-white and a second light region of the light source can be cold-white Emit light. It is also possible that the different light areas emit light in different colors. In order to be able to influence the properties of the light, the diffuser can comprise a plurality of mutually separate sub-areas, which can be controlled separately from one another. The partial surfaces may be formed on a single plate-shaped element or on a plurality of plate-shaped elements. The partial areas can be assigned to the light areas. Preferably, a partial surface of the diffuser is arranged in front of each light region.
Durch getrennte Ansteuerung der Teilflächen des Diffusors können nun die Eigenschaften des Lichts beeinflusst werden. Ist beispielsweise die vor dem warm-weißen Lichtbereich angeordnete Teilfläche im klaren Zustand (Flüssigkristalle ausgerichtet) und die vor dem kalt-weißen Lichtbereich angeordnete Teilfläche im diffusen Zustand (Flüssigkristalle ungeordnet), so wird das Objekt in erster Linie mit warm-weißem Licht beleuchtet. Soll das Objekt dann kalt-weiß beleuchtet werden, so ist eine umgekehrte Ansteuerung der Teilflächen erforderlich. Wird die an den Teilflächen anliegende Spannung gleichzeitig und gegenläufig verändert, so kann zwischen warm-weißem Licht und kalt-weißem Licht gewechselt werden, ohne dass die Helligkeit sich wesentlich ändert. Auch beliebige Zwischenzustände zwischen warm-weißem Licht und kalt-weißem Licht können auf diese Weise eingestellt werden. Entsprechende Übergänge sind möglich zwischen Licht unterschiedlicher Farbe.By separate control of the partial surfaces of the diffuser, the properties of the light can now be influenced. For example, if the partial area arranged in front of the warm-white light area is in the clear state (liquid crystals aligned) and the partial area arranged in front of the cold-white light area is in the diffuse state (liquid crystals disordered), the object is primarily illuminated with warm white light. If the object is then to be illuminated cold-white, then a reverse control of the partial surfaces is required. If the voltage applied to the faces is changed simultaneously and in opposite directions, it is possible to switch between warm white light and cold white light without the brightness changing significantly. Also any intermediate states between warm-white light and cold-white light can be adjusted in this way. Corresponding transitions are possible between light of different colors.
Weitere optische Effekte lassen sich erreichen, wenn das aus den Teilflächen des Diffusors austretende Licht anschließend konzentrisch überlagert wird. Dadurch wird es beispielsweise möglich, aus dem Licht einer roten, einer grünen und einer blauen LED einen weißen Lichtstrahl zu erzeugen. Wird bei einer Farbe durch Ändern der Spannung an dem plattenförmigen Element von direkter Beleuchtung auf diffuse Beleuchtung umgeschaltet, bildet sich um das Zentrum herum eine Korona der betreffenden Farbe, während die Farbe im Zentrum nur noch in geringerer Intensität vorhanden ist. Ein solcher Effekt ist bei bestimmten TV-Aufnahmen erwünscht. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung deswegen ein optisches Element, mit dem das aus den Teilflächen austretende Licht überlagert werden kann.Further optical effects can be achieved if the light emerging from the partial surfaces of the diffuser is then superimposed concentrically. It will For example, it is possible to generate a white light beam from the light of a red, a green and a blue LED. If a color is switched from direct illumination to diffuse illumination by changing the voltage on the plate-shaped element, a corona of the relevant color is formed around the center, while the color in the center is present only to a lesser intensity. Such an effect is desirable for certain TV recordings. In an advantageous embodiment, the illumination device according to the invention therefore comprises an optical element, with which the light emerging from the partial surfaces can be superimposed.
Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann mit weiteren Linsenelementen ausgerüstet sein, die im Strahlengang angeordnet sind und den ausgeleuchteten Bereich beeinflussen. Damit kann der Beleuchtungswinkel oder das Beleuchtungsfeld variiert und auf den tatsächlichen Bedarf eingestellt werden, siehe
Insbesondere in TV-Studios und auf Bühnen ist es häufig gefordert, dass die Beleuchtung bewegten Objekten folgen kann. Es kann dazu eine Aufhängung für die Beleuchtungseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die es ermöglicht, dass die Beleuchtungseinrichtung relativ zu einer starren Struktur bewegt werden kann. Als starre Struktur in diesem Sinne wird beispielsweise ein Stativ angesehen.Especially in TV studios and on stages it is often required that the lighting can follow moving objects. It can be provided for this purpose a suspension for the lighting device, which makes it possible that the lighting device can be moved relative to a rigid structure. As a rigid structure in this sense, for example, a tripod is considered.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Anordnung aus einer erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung und einer Wand, wobei die Beleuchtungseinrichtung so angeordnet ist, dass das von der Beleuchtungseinrichtung ausgehende Licht unter einem spitzen Winkel auf die Wand trifft. Dies ist insbesondere der Fall bei Wänden, die in TV-Studios als Hintergrund dienen. Dabei ist in geringem Abstand zur Ebene der Wand eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung angeordnet, die schräg auf die Wand leuchtet. Für die TV-Aufnahmen ist es wichtig, dass der Bereich, der in der Aufnahme zu sehen ist, gleichmäßig beleuchtet wird. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung wird es möglich, zwischen einer konzentrierten Beleuchtung einer kleinen Fläche und einer gleichmäßigen Beleuchtung einer größeren Fläche zu variieren. Außerdem kann die Beleuchtungseinrichtung so eingestellt werden, dass auch im Nahbereich die verschiedenen Farben einer mehrfarbigen Lichtquelle nicht einzeln sichtbar sind.The invention further relates to an arrangement comprising a lighting device according to the invention and a wall, wherein the lighting device is arranged such that the light emitted by the lighting device strikes the wall at an acute angle. This is particularly the case with walls that serve as a background in TV studios. In this case, a lighting device is arranged at a small distance from the plane of the wall, which illuminates obliquely on the wall. For the TV recordings, it is important that the area that can be seen in the recording, evenly lit. With the illumination device according to the invention, it becomes possible to vary between a concentrated illumination of a small area and a uniform illumination of a larger area. In addition, the lighting device can be adjusted so that even in the near range, the different colors of a multi-colored light source are not individually visible.
Unter einem spitzen Winkel wird insbesondere ein Winkel von weniger als 20°, vorzugsweise weniger als 10° verstanden. Die Winkelangabe bezieht sich auf den Zentrumsstrahl der Beleuchtung. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann auf derselben Seite der Wand angeordnet sein, auf der auch die TV-Kamera angeordnet ist. Das Licht wird dann von der Wand reflektiert. Möglich ist auch die Anwendung bei transluzenten Wänden. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung ist dann auf der anderen Seite der Wand angeordnet und das Licht tritt durch die Wand hindurch.An acute angle is understood in particular to mean an angle of less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °. The angle refers to the center beam of the illumination. The lighting device can be arranged on the same side of the wall on which the TV camera is arranged. The light is then reflected off the wall. The application is also possible with translucent walls. The lighting device is then placed on the other side of the wall and the light passes through the wall.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen beispielhaft beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung in Verwendung;
- Fig. 2:
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung;
- Fig. 3:
- eine schematische Darstellung der Funktionsweise eines Diffusors;
- Fig. 4:
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Diffusors;
- Fig. 5:
- die Beleuchtungseinrichtung aus
Fig. 2 in einer Ansicht von vorne; - Fig. 6:
- die Ansicht gemäß
Fig. 5 bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung; - Fig. 7:
- die Ansicht gemäß
Fig. 4 bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung; - Fig. 8:
- die Ansicht gemäß
Fig. 4 bei noch einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung; - Fig. 9:
- eine schematische Darstellung einer alternativen Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 10:
- eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung; und
- Fig. 11:
- eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung.
- Fig. 1:
- a lighting device according to the invention in use;
- Fig. 2:
- a schematic representation of a lighting device according to the invention;
- 3:
- a schematic representation of the operation of a diffuser;
- 4:
- a schematic representation of a diffuser;
- Fig. 5:
- the lighting device off
Fig. 2 in a view from the front; - Fig. 6:
- the view according to
Fig. 5 in another embodiment of the invention; - Fig. 7:
- the view according to
Fig. 4 in another embodiment of the invention; - Fig. 8:
- the view according to
Fig. 4 in still another embodiment of the invention; - Fig. 9:
- a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment;
- Fig. 10:
- another embodiment of the invention; and
- Fig. 11:
- an embodiment of an inventive arrangement.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung 14 ist in
Gemäß
Die Wirkungsweise des Diffusors 21 wird nachfolgend anhand von
Gemäß
In
Das plattenförmige Element 25 des Diffusors 21 weist vier Teilflächen 32 auf, an denen unabhängig voneinander eine Spannung angelegt werden kann. Ein Querschnitt durch das entsprechende plattenförmige Element ist in
Jede der Teilflächen 32 des Diffusors 21 ist einem Lichtbereich 31 zugeordnet und vor dem betreffenden Lichtbereich 31 positioniert. Durch Anlegen einer Spannung an die Teilflächen 32 können das warm-weiße Licht und das kalt-weiße Licht direkt auf das Objekt gerichtet werden oder gestreut werden. Durch geeignete Ansteuerung der Teilflächen 32 ist so eine kontinuierliche Veränderung der Farbtemperatur der Beleuchtung möglich. Insbesondere ist diese Änderung möglich, ohne dass sich zugleich die Helligkeit wesentlich ändert.Each of the
Sind die Lichtbereiche 31 mit LEDs 30 unterschiedlicher Farbe ausgerüstet, ist es auf entsprechende Weise möglich, kontinuierliche Übergänge in der Farbe der Beleuchtung zu erreichen. Anstatt LEDs 30 mit unterschiedlichen Farben können auch gleichfarbige LEDs verwendet werden und das Licht durch entsprechende Filter beeinflusst werden.If the
Bei der Ausführungsform der
Bei der Ausführungsform der
In
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202009016729U DE202009016729U1 (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2009-12-09 | Lighting device with at least one LED |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2333404A1 true EP2333404A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
Family
ID=43532711
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EP10193952A Withdrawn EP2333404A1 (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2010-12-07 | Light emitter with diffuser |
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US (1) | US8727552B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2333404A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202009016729U1 (en) |
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US9894257B2 (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-02-13 | Apple Inc. | Light source module with adjustable diffusion |
CN207096634U (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-03-13 | 广州市浩洋电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent linear atomization light guide body of stage lamp and stage lamp |
DE102019118714B3 (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-07 | Stefan Karle | Softbox for spotlight gates |
DE102019125266A1 (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-25 | OSRAM CONTINENTAL GmbH | Optical arrangement, vehicle, vehicle light and procedure |
CN113555490A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-26 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Light emitting device |
US11698183B1 (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2023-07-11 | Foshan Yifeng Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Stage light with electronically adjustable lighting effects |
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WO1999009351A1 (en) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-02-25 | Strand Lighting Limited | Liquid crystal shutter for a lighting fixture |
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DE10135387A1 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-13 | Baier Karl | Mask for motor vehicle headlight, has light impermeable mask panel which transmits light when subjected to electric current |
KR100712766B1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2007-05-02 | 미츠비시 레이온 가부시키가이샤 | Light source apparatus |
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- 2009-12-09 DE DE202009016729U patent/DE202009016729U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2010
- 2010-12-07 EP EP10193952A patent/EP2333404A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-09 US US12/964,493 patent/US8727552B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20030035290A1 (en) * | 1991-04-30 | 2003-02-20 | Bornhorst James M. | High intensity lighting projectors |
WO1999009351A1 (en) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-02-25 | Strand Lighting Limited | Liquid crystal shutter for a lighting fixture |
WO2005101445A1 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electrically controllable color conversion cell |
WO2007057830A1 (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-05-24 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Optical system |
DE202007008430U1 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-10-16 | Heise, Sebastian | lighting device |
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US20110170296A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
DE202009016729U1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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