EP4269310A1 - Entraînement lisse pour un ascenseur - Google Patents

Entraînement lisse pour un ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4269310A1
EP4269310A1 EP22000107.7A EP22000107A EP4269310A1 EP 4269310 A1 EP4269310 A1 EP 4269310A1 EP 22000107 A EP22000107 A EP 22000107A EP 4269310 A1 EP4269310 A1 EP 4269310A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
shaft
toothed belt
drive
cabin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22000107.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erfindernennung liegt noch nicht vor Die
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thoma Aufzuege GmbH
Original Assignee
Thoma Aufzuege GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thoma Aufzuege GmbH filed Critical Thoma Aufzuege GmbH
Priority to EP22000107.7A priority Critical patent/EP4269310A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2023/000025 priority patent/WO2023208406A1/fr
Publication of EP4269310A1 publication Critical patent/EP4269310A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elevator and the drive therefor.
  • the drive is low-wear and allows the elevator to be controlled very smoothly and precisely.
  • the drive of an elevator i.e. the raising of the car, is usually carried out using steel cables and pulleys.
  • steel cables and pulleys As a rule, heavy counterweights are used.
  • Various motors are used, predominantly electric motors.
  • the US Patent 5,921,351 reveals a belt-driven elevator.
  • a large number of driven belts are provided because the belt drive includes several elements, with each element extending over the height of a floor.
  • the belts each have a rib pattern in which the ribs are oriented perpendicular to the drive direction. It is therefore a uniform wave pattern in the direction transverse to the direction of the belt drive.
  • Such a belt can have disadvantages in the precise guidance of elevators, especially if belts are to be guided over a large length in the shaft.
  • the present invention aims to circumvent such disadvantages in the prior art in a simple, economical manner and to provide an improved drive.
  • the invention relates to an elevator with a cabin and a drive unit.
  • This can be a passenger elevator or a freight elevator.
  • the drive unit ensures that the cabin is raised.
  • the cabin itself will typically be designed as a passenger cabin with side walls and also a cabin door.
  • the cabin could also be designed to be completely or partially open. It could also be a transport unit designed for loads.
  • the drive unit should be connected to the cabin via at least one toothed belt and be able to move it via this toothed belt.
  • the movement should at least include raising the cab.
  • the connection can be direct or indirect, but typically the drive unit is connected to a drive gear that moves the toothed belt.
  • the toothed belt should have a first pattern of parallel grooves and a second pattern of parallel grooves.
  • These grooves can be designed in a kind of wave shape with peaks and valleys, for example essentially sinusoidal.
  • the grooves can also follow a different pattern, such as a triangular pattern.
  • the timing belt can also have grooves with a square or rectangular cross section.
  • the grooves of the first pattern should have a first orientation. Orientation here means the direction of the wave, so to speak, i.e. an axis perpendicular to the parallel groove pattern.
  • the second pattern can be designed in the same way and therefore has a second orientation.
  • the timing belts have mirror axes perpendicular to this orientation, so a 180 degree rotation makes no difference.
  • orientation must be clearly defined within angles of less than 180 degrees.
  • the orientation can be determined by an imaginary direction of propagation of the waves perpendicular to the wave crest.
  • the first pattern and the second pattern should be oriented to one another in such a way that an angle between 20° and 160° lies between the first orientation and the second orientation.
  • a groove may be provided between the first pattern of parallel grooves and the second pattern of parallel grooves. This groove makes it easier to guide the timing belt; for example, a guide roller can dip into the groove. Furthermore, the provision of a groove has manufacturing advantages.
  • the drive unit can be designed in a manner usual for elevators. Theoretically, it can be powered by an internal combustion engine; an electric motor is usually used. This motor can transmit its power via a gearbox to the toothed belt or a corresponding drive wheel. It may also be possible, and is even encouraged by the present invention, to use a gearless drive motor.
  • timing belt does not sit ideally on a driven associated gear, high forces are required to correct the fit and even re-establish drive.
  • Such a timing belt can only be used to a limited extent together with a gearless motor.
  • a gearless motor has numerous advantages, in particular it is cheaper than a motor with a gearbox and takes up less space.
  • the use of the toothed belt according to the invention therefore favors the use of a gearless motor, especially for use in elevators where a noticeable or audible jerking in the drive can easily create a feeling of insecurity for elevator users.
  • the drive is expediently carried out via a first gear over which the toothed belt runs.
  • a gear is expediently arranged at the end of a shaft which is connected to the motor.
  • a direct connection is also possible. It is advantageous and the invention makes it possible not to use a deflection gear. This means you can get by without a gearbox at all. This saves space and costs.
  • the lightweight construction made possible by the invention can also be arranged below the shaft ceiling to save space.
  • the entire construction (particularly the drive motor and shaft) can be supported or supported entirely by two posts, in particular guide posts.
  • the drive is expediently also carried out via two gears, a first gear and a second gear, over which a toothed belt runs. Both gears can be connected directly to the drive motor via a shaft.
  • At least one deflection roller is provided on the elevator car. It is possible, for example, to fix the toothed belt at a fixed point above the car, for example at the upper end of the elevator shaft. From this point, the toothed belt can then be guided down to the deflection roller around the cabin and from this deflection roller it can be fed to a drive wheel that is also located at the top of the shaft. This allows a kind of pulley principle to be implemented, as only a pulling force that corresponds to half the cabin weight acts on the drive wheel.
  • a deflection roller can be provided in the upper area of the cabin and in the lower area of the cabin.
  • a driven gear can be guided at the upper end of the elevator shaft and a deflection gear can be guided at the lower end of the elevator shaft.
  • the drive wheel can also cause a downward pulling movement due to the deflection at the lower end of the elevator shaft.
  • the cabin is guided safely up and down overall.
  • one of the deflection rollers on the cabin can be used as explained to minimize the tensile forces on the drive unit and to implement a pulley principle.
  • An elevator is usually installed within an enclosed elevator shaft. The car is then guided inside this elevator shaft. It is advantageous if the drive unit is also provided within this shaft. This allows the length of the timing belt to be limited beyond what is unavoidable.
  • the toothed belt is guided directly, i.e. usually vertically, from the drive roller to a deflection roller on the cabin. It would be conceivable that there would be a further deflection, so that the tractive force would not go directly from the cabin to the drive roller. However, such a deflection potentially leads to additional stretching of the timing belt
  • the deflection itself means that the toothed belt is exposed to additional mechanical stress, which can change its structure and thus make it more difficult for the elevator to be guided effortlessly and precisely, especially over longer operating times.
  • a toothed belt is expediently made of plastic, completely or partially and preferably more than 50% of its weight. Fiber-reinforced plastic and layer structures, such as plastic deposited on a fiber web, are useful.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective overall view of an elevator that can be used in the context of the present invention.
  • the elevator includes the elevator shaft 10. This is preferably built over a rectangular base area, i.e. overall cuboid. A square base is also useful.
  • the elevator shaft can be offered by a building, for example cast from concrete, or it can be made independently of the building using its own components.
  • an elevator shaft can be made from posts and struts and inserted panels. Such panels can be made of plastic, metal or glass.
  • the elevator shaft can also be designed for retrofitting to an existing building.
  • the elevator shaft comprises a front wall 12, followed by a side wall 14, followed by the rear wall 16 and, opposite the side wall 14, the side wall 18. According to the shaft design, all side walls have a substantially rectangular flat shape. The side walls are built above the floor 20.
  • Access openings are provided in the side walls, namely the access opening 22 on a first level in the front wall 12.
  • the access opening 24 is arranged above this in the side wall 18.
  • the access opening 26 is provided as a further access opening on a higher floor in the front wall 12.
  • the access openings are typically each closed with shaft doors. All access openings can be provided on one side, for example all in the front wall 12, or the access openings can be provided in different side walls.
  • the elevator construction shown even allows access openings to be provided in all four shaft walls.
  • the shaft 10 is limited at the top by the ceiling 28. However, it would be conceivable, especially within the scope of the present invention, to provide a shaft without a cover.
  • the internal scaffolding 30 is erected within the shaft 10. This consists of a first post 32, which is arranged in a shaft corner.
  • the second post 34 is arranged in the diagonally opposite shaft corner.
  • the two posts are connected by the cross brace 36, which runs diagonally in the upper area of the shaft. It can run directly below the ceiling 28.
  • the cross strut 36 can carry various components, symbolically shown here are drive rollers 38A and 38B, which are provided at the ends of the cross strut 36 adjacent to the posts 32 and 34.
  • the crossbar 36 can also carry a drive unit 40.
  • the drive unit 40 will generally comprise an electric motor which can drive the drive rollers 38 by suitable drive means, for example corresponding shafts.
  • Drive rollers are particularly suitable for driving toothed belts that can raise and lower an elevator car. This will be explained in more detail below.
  • Fig. 2 shows two practical drive options for an elevator car in a symbolic and simplified representation.
  • the elevator car 42 is equipped with a deflection roller 44 above its center.
  • An upper holder 46 (for example the crossbar or the shaft ceiling) carries a drive roller 38.
  • a winding or unwinding unit is provided, through which the toothed belt 50 can be rolled up or unrolled.
  • the toothed belt 50 is guided over the drive roller 38 and forms a positive connection with the roller.
  • the roller is expediently equipped with teeth for toothing of the timing belt corresponds. Accordingly, the timing belt can be rolled up or unrolled.
  • the toothed belt unrolls, the cabin 42 moves downward while sections of the toothed belt 50 are guided over the deflection roller 44.
  • the end of the toothed belt is firmly anchored to the upper holder 46.
  • the principle of a pulley system is used here.
  • the cab 42 will only move down half a meter. The same applies to the upward movement, so that the drive roller 38 only has to carry half the cabin load.
  • the use of the pulley principle means that a long toothed belt 50 has to be provided.
  • the cabin 42 would be held on guide devices, which are not shown here for the sake of simplicity.
  • Option (B) represents a more sophisticated but also more advantageous design for raising and lowering a cabin.
  • a significantly longer toothed belt must be provided for the same travel distance of the cabin.
  • a lower deflection roller 52 is attached in the lower area of the shaft, i.e. usually on the floor. Furthermore, a lower deflection roller 54 is attached in the lower area of the cabin.
  • the toothed belt 50 is guided from the lower anchor point 56 to the lower deflection roller 54 and then returned to the ground. There the toothed belt 50 is guided through the lower deflection roller 52 and to the drive roller 38 attached at the top. The toothed belt 50 is guided from this drive roller to the cabin 42 and is deflected there on the upper deflection roller 44.
  • the toothed belt finally ends at the upper anchor point 58, which can be attached to the shaft ceiling.
  • the length of the timing belt is not without problems. Regardless of the material from which the timing belt is made, a certain amount of expansion of the timing belt under tension cannot be avoided. Of course, the timing belt relaxes when the tension is reduced. The length of the timing belt can also change under the influence of temperature or humidity.
  • the height control of the cabin is no longer as precise as would be desirable. Furthermore, the engagement of the timing belt with the rollers suffers. Both the drive roller 38 and the idler rollers (in the example rollers 44, 52 and 54) will usually provide a toothed rolling surface to guide the belt well. However, if the belt expands, for example, safe intervention in such a rolling surface is no longer possible.
  • Timing belt can jump off a pulley. At the very least, it can lead to the height guidance being unreliable. It can also be that from a non-toothed position the toothed belt is suddenly brought back into engagement with one or all of the rollers due to force (for example when the cabin is raised). Such a sudden intervention results in increased wear. Furthermore, you can feel the jerking in the cabin, which does not give users the feeling that the elevator is operating safely.
  • Fig. 3 shows a top view of the drive side 60 of a toothed belt 50 according to the invention.
  • the first wave pattern 62 can be seen on the right side of the toothed belt. This consists of first wave troughs 64, of which the bottom two are highlighted with reference numbers. A wave crest extends behind each wave trough; two first wave crests 66 of the first wave pattern are also highlighted.
  • the first wave pattern 62 has a total first orientation 68. This is the direction perpendicular to the wave crests, which can be thought of as the direction of propagation of the waves.
  • the toothed belt has a center line 70.
  • the second wave pattern 72 extends to the left of the center line.
  • This second wave pattern 72 includes second wave troughs 74, the first two of which are again highlighted with reference numbers.
  • the wave troughs are followed by second wave crests, again there are two wave crests with reference number 76 highlighted.
  • the second wave pattern 72 has a second orientation 78 overall.
  • the second orientation 78 deviates from the first orientation. Both orientations form an acute angle to each other.
  • This angle ⁇ (alpha) has a size of approximately 60 degrees.
  • toothed belts 50 in which a groove is provided in the area of the center line 70, so that the first wave crests 66 are spaced from the second wave crests 76 in the area of the groove.
  • Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section through the shaft 90 of an elevator according to the invention. The view is from above onto the shaft floor 92.
  • the shaft is surrounded by the first shaft wall 94 and the adjacent second shaft wall 96. Opposite the first shaft wall 94 lies the third shaft wall 98 and the first shaft door 100. Opposite the second shaft wall 96 are the fourth shaft wall 102 and the second shaft door 104.
  • the shaft is designed overall with a frame, so it is suitable, for example, for retrofitting an elevator and is supported by corner posts.
  • the corner posts 106A, 106B, 106C and 106D can be seen.
  • Guide posts are provided in two diametrically opposite corners, which can be connected to the corner posts using connecting elements.
  • the connecting element 108 connects the guide post 110 to the corner post 106D.
  • Opposite is the guide post 112, which is connected to the corner post 106B with the connecting element 114.
  • the guide posts 110 and 112 form the inner structure and correspond to the posts 32 and 34 in the schematic representation of the Fig. 1 .
  • the guide posts here are designed as T-beams. You can not only carry a cross brace in their upper area, but also serve to guide the cabin along their length. Accordingly, the base of the T-beam points towards the inside of the shaft.
  • the view goes to the drive elements in the upper shaft area.
  • the shaft 80 can be seen there, which drives the first drive wheel 82 and the second drive wheel 84.
  • a drive motor 86 for driving the shaft is shown schematically.
  • a gear 88 is also shown schematically, but this can also be omitted in the context of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Elevator Door Apparatuses (AREA)
EP22000107.7A 2022-04-25 2022-04-25 Entraînement lisse pour un ascenseur Pending EP4269310A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22000107.7A EP4269310A1 (fr) 2022-04-25 2022-04-25 Entraînement lisse pour un ascenseur
PCT/EP2023/000025 WO2023208406A1 (fr) 2022-04-25 2023-04-20 Entraînement à fonctionnement sans à-coups pour ascenseur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22000107.7A EP4269310A1 (fr) 2022-04-25 2022-04-25 Entraînement lisse pour un ascenseur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4269310A1 true EP4269310A1 (fr) 2023-11-01

Family

ID=81389066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22000107.7A Pending EP4269310A1 (fr) 2022-04-25 2022-04-25 Entraînement lisse pour un ascenseur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4269310A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023208406A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5921351A (en) 1997-04-29 1999-07-13 Otis Elevator Company Modular drive mechanism for a passenger conveyor
EP2567924A1 (fr) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-13 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain S.L. Ascenseur sans contrepoids avec une courroie crantée et une poulie
EP2567925A1 (fr) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-13 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain S.L. Ascenseur avec courroie crantée et poulie et avec contrepoids

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5921351A (en) 1997-04-29 1999-07-13 Otis Elevator Company Modular drive mechanism for a passenger conveyor
EP2567924A1 (fr) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-13 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain S.L. Ascenseur sans contrepoids avec une courroie crantée et une poulie
EP2567925A1 (fr) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-13 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain S.L. Ascenseur avec courroie crantée et poulie et avec contrepoids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2023208406A1 (fr) 2023-11-02

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