Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
  • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
  • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
  • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
  • B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
  • B63J2/14—Heating; Cooling of liquid-freight-carrying tanks
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
  • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
  • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
  • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
  • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
  • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
  • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
  • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
  • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
  • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
  • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
  • F25J1/0092—Mixtures of hydrocarbons comprising possibly also minor amounts of nitrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
  • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
  • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
  • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
  • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
  • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
  • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
  • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
  • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
  • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
  • F25J1/0294—Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
  • F25J1/0298—Safety aspects and control of the refrigerant compression system, e.g. anti-surge control
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0323—Valves
  • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
  • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
  • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
  • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
  • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
  • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
  • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
  • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
  • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
  • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
  • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
  • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
  • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
  • F17C2225/044—Localisation of the filling point in the gas at several points, e.g. with a device for recondensing gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
  • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
  • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
  • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
  • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
  • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
  • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
  • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
  • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
  • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
  • F17C2227/0358—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling by expansion
  • F17C2227/0362—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling by expansion in a turbine
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
  • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
  • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
  • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
  • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
  • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
  • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
  • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
  • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
  • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
  • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
  • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
  • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
  • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
  • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
  • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
  • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
  • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
  • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
  • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
  • F17C2270/0105—Ships
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/90—Mixing of components
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
  • F25J2235/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being (a mixture of) hydrocarbons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
  • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of floating structures for storing and/or transporting gas in the liquid state and relates more particularly to a gas supply and cooling system installed within such floating structures.
• a ship comprising a tank of gas in the liquid state intended to be delivered to a point of destination
• said ship may be able to use at least a part of said gas in the liquid state in order to powering at least one of its motors, via a gas supply system.
• it is necessary to keep the pressure within the tank at an acceptable level, in particular by keeping the gas cargo in the liquid state at an adequate temperature.
• One of the existing solutions is to set up a compression device making it possible both to compress the gas intended to supply the engine and to compress the refrigerant fluid in order to limit the number of compression devices, but the gas supplying the engine and the refrigerant fluid do not meet the same compression conditions to ensure their respective functions.
• the invention makes it possible to solve this problem by proposing a system for supplying and cooling gas for a floral work comprising at least one tank configured to contain the gas, the supply and cooling system comprising: at least one circuit of supply intended to be traversed by gas coming from the tank, comprising at least one compression device, the supply circuit being configured to connect the compression device to an upper part of the tank, and to supply gas to at least one gas-consuming device which equips the florranr work, at least one cooling circuit intended to be traversed by a refrigerant fluid, comprising at least one heat exchanger configured to participate in an internal pressure management of the tank, a heat exchanger internal st a turbocharger comprising a compression member disposed upstream of a first pass of the internal heat exchanger st a turbine disposed e downstream of the first pass of the internal heat exchanger, the compression member and the turbine being linked in rotation by a shaft, the cooling circuit being connected to the supply circuit on either side of the device compression device, characterized in that the compression device comprises at least
• the role of the cooling circuit is to cool the gas contained in the tank by managing the internal pressure of the tank.
• Such a supply and cooling system thus makes it possible to ensure the function of supplying the gas-consuming device and the function of managing the internal pressure in the tank, and this with the aid of a single compression.
• the fact that the compression stages of the compression device can be arranged in series or in parallel makes it possible to optimally compress any fluid circulating through the compression device, regardless of its nature and/or its destination.
• the compression stages of the compression device are arranged in series in order to favor the pressure of the gas at the flow rate passing through the compression device.
• the compression stages of the compression device are arranged in parallel in order to favor the flow of refrigerant fluid passing through the compression device at start-up. under pressure of said refrigerant fluid.
• the latter can partially vaporize within the tank, naturally or induced in order to supply the gas-consuming device.
• the gas in the vapor state can either be evacuated via the supply circuit, or be recondensed and sent to the tank, directly or indirectly via the cooling circuit.
• the compression device compresses the gas circulating in the supply circuit from the tank.
• the compressed gas can then circulate to the gas-consuming device to supply it, or circulate to the cooling circuit in order to act as a refrigerant.
• the refrigerant fluid can also be a third-party fluid only used as a refrigerant fluid. Such third party fluid can also be compressed by the compression device.
• the compression member and the turbine by their mechanical connection, are driven in rotation with each other.
• the turbine is driven in rotation and thus drives the shaft in rotation, which itself drives the compression member in rotation.
• the fluid refrigerant is therefore initially compressed by the compression member.
• the refrigerant then passes through the internal heat exchanger via the first pass and is then expanded while passing through the turbine.
• the refrigerant fluid then passes through the heat exchanger, which then makes it possible to manage the internal pressure of the tank. It is thus understood that the coolant circulating in the cooling circuit participates in the cooling of the gas in the liquid state contained in the tank via the heat exchanger.
• the control device allows the connection of the compression stages in series or in parallel depending on the nature of the fluid circulating through the compression device or depending on the need to which the power supply and cooling system must respond.
• control module comprises a main pipe passing through each of the compression stages of the compression device.
• the fluid compressed by the compression device circulates within the main pipe in order to pass through each of the compression stages.
• the control module comprises at least one peripheral pipe connected to the main pipe and at least one valve which controls the flow rate circulating on said peripheral pipe, the peripheral pipe bypassing a compression stage.
• Each compression stage is bypassed by a peripheral pipe in order to allow in particular the connection of the compression stages in parallel with respect to each other.
• the fluid thus circulates only partially within the main pipe and separates into as many fractions as there are compression stages, each of the fractions bypassing a compression stage while circulating within a peripheral pipe.
• the connection in series or in parallel is made by opening or closing the valves, authorizing access or not to the main pipe and/or to the peripheral pipes making it possible to bypass the compression stages.
• the internal heat exchanger comprises a first pass and a second pass exchanging heat with each other, the first pass being arranged upstream of the heat exchanger and the second pass being arranged downstream of the heat exchanger.
• the internal heat exchanger thus makes it possible to pre-cool the refrigerant fluid before it passes through the turbine.
• the refrigerant passes through the second pass of the internal heat exchanger to regulate the temperature within the cooling circuit.
• the compression device of the supply circuit is a first compression device, the supply and cooling system comprising a second compression device installed in parallel with the first compression device.
• Installing two compression devices in parallel allows, for example, the functions of the power and cooling system to be provided in the event that one of the compression devices fails.
• the fact of installing two compression devices also makes it possible to guarantee the supply of the gas-consuming device and the management of the internal pressure in the tank simultaneously, each of the compression devices being specific to each of the needs. Both compression devices can also be assigned to the same need.
• the second compression device comprises at least two compression stages, the control device being configured to connect the compression stages of the second compression device in series when the second compression device supplies the apparatus gas consumer and to connect the compression stages of the second compression device in parallel when the second compression device supplies the cooling circuit.
• the structure of the second compression device is identical to that of the first compression device.
• the second compression device is therefore also capable of supplying the gas-consuming device or the cooling circuit.
• the supply and cooling system comprises a gas circuit in the liquid state intended to be traversed by gas in the liquid state coming from the tank, and configured to take the gas from the liquid state contained in the tank, the heat exchanger effecting a heat exchange between the gas in the liquid state of the gas circuit in the liquid state and a refrigerant fluid circulating in the cooling circuit.
• a gas circuit in the liquid state intended to be traversed by gas in the liquid state coming from the tank, and configured to take the gas from the liquid state contained in the tank, the heat exchanger effecting a heat exchange between the gas in the liquid state of the gas circuit in the liquid state and a refrigerant fluid circulating in the cooling circuit.
• the gas circuit in the liquid state comprises a member for spraying the gas in the liquid state in the upper part of the vessel and an outlet orifice arranged in a lower part of the vessel.
• the gas in liquid state can be projected in the form of a spray at the top of the tank.
• the spraying of gas in the cold liquid state at the level of the top of the tank via the spray device makes it possible to at least partially condense the gas in the vapor state present in the top of the tank.
• the condensation of the gas in the vapor state thus makes it possible to lower the pressure within the tank.
• the gas in the cooled liquid state can also return to the lower part of the tank.
• the supply and cooling system comprises a return line connected to the supply circuit downstream of the compression device and extending as far as the gas circuit in the liquid state, the supply and cooling system comprising a first heat exchanger effecting a heat exchange between the gas circulating in the return line and the gas circulating in the gas circuit in the liquid state. It may happen that the gas in the vapor state is sent to the device that consumes too much gas, or that the gas in the vapor state is present in too large a quantity in the top of the vessel for the cooling circuit to be able to completely condense the gas at the vapor state.
• the excess gas can for example be burned or released into the atmosphere.
• the return line offers an alternative to this loss, by circulating the excess gas to the gas circuit in the liquid state in order to return it to the tank.
• a heat exchange takes place between the gas circulating in the return line and the gas in the liquid state circulating in the gas circuit at the liquid state and having been cooled by passing through the heat exchanger.
• the heat exchanger thus acts as a condenser for the gas circulating in the return line. Once this heat exchange has taken place, the condensed gas returns to the tank via the outlet orifice, or can be sprayed via the spray device.
• the supply and cooling system comprises a second heat exchanger effecting a heat exchange between the gas flowing in the supply circuit upstream of the compression device, and the gas flowing in the line back upstream of the first heat exchanger.
• the gas circulating in the supply line leaving the tank, it is at a lower temperature than the gas circulating in the return line.
• the second heat exchanger thus makes it possible to pre-cool the gas circulating in the return line before it is condensed by then passing through the first heat exchanger.
• the heat exchanger is arranged at least partially at the top of the vessel, that is to say so as to extend therein.
• This is an alternative embodiment, devoid of the gas circuit in the liquid state.
• the heat exchanger instead of cooling the gas in the liquid state circulating in the gas circuit in the liquid state, the heat exchanger is placed directly at the top of the vessel and acts as a gas condenser at the vapor state present in the top of the tank.
• the heat exchanger can for example be a gravity condenser.
• the refrigerant circulates thus within a spiral and thus condenses the gas in the ambient vapor state from the top of the tank. Once condensed, the gas in liquid state joins the liquid part of the cargo.
• the invention also covers a method for managing a gas contained in a tank, implemented by a supply and cooling system according to any one of the preceding characteristics, comprising: a first step of determining a need supply of the gas-consuming device or a need to manage the pressure inside the tank, a second step of connection in series or in parallel of the compression stages of the compression device by the module of control according to the determined need.
• the first compression device the compression stages of which are connected in series, supplies the gas-consuming device while the second compression device, the compression stages of which are connected in parallel supplies the cooling circuit.
• the first compression device and the second compression device according to a second mode of operation, supply the gas-consuming device.
• the first compression device and the second compression device supply the cooling circuit.
• FIG. 1 is a general diagram of a first embodiment of a power supply and cooling system according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram representing the structure of a compression device present within the power supply and cooling system
• FIG. 5 is a general diagram of a second embodiment of the power supply and cooling system
• FIG. 6 is a diagram representing a first mode of operation of the second embodiment of the power supply and cooling system
• FIG. 7 is a diagram representing a second mode of operation of the second embodiment of the power supply and cooling system
• FIG. 8 is a diagram representing a third mode of operation of the second embodiment of the power supply and cooling system
• FIG. 9 is a general diagram of a third embodiment of the power and cooling system.
• FIG. 1 represents a supply and cooling device 1, which can be arranged within a floating structure capable of transporting and/or storing gas in liquid form, for example within a tank 2.
• This gas is for example natural gas.
• the gas in liquid form is stored in tank 2 at very low temperature.
• the gas in liquid form can partially evaporate at the level of a head 200 of the tank 2.
• the phenomenon of evaporation of the gas contributes to an increase in the pressure inside the tank 2.
• Such an increase in the internal pressure must be regulated, for example by evacuating from the tank 2 the gas in the vapor state having formed in the top 200 of the tank. It is also possible to recondense the gas having evaporated so that the latter returns to liquid form, which leads to a reduction in the internal pressure of tank 2.
• the supply and cooling system 1 comprises a supply circuit 3.
• This supply circuit 3 is configured to suck the evaporated gas having formed in the top 200 of the tank 2.
• the gas can subsequently be used as fuel for a first gas-consuming device 5 and/or a second gas-consuming device 6.
• the first gas-consuming device 5 can be an engine allowing the propulsion of the floating structure and the second gas-consuming device 6 can be an auxiliary motor responsible for supplying the floating structure with electricity.
• the supply circuit 3 comprises a compression device 10 ensuring the compression of the gas.
• the latter can then supply gas-consuming appliances. If the latter do not require a supply of energy via the gas, the latter can be eliminated, for example via a burner 7.
• the supply and cooling system also includes a cooling circuit 4.
• the cooling circuit 4 is configured, directly or indirectly, to participate in the pressure management of the tank 2.
• the cooling circuit 4 is configured to circulating a refrigerant fluid, which may for example be the gas sucked into the supply circuit 3, or else a third-party refrigerant fluid.
• the cooling circuit 4 is connected to the supply circuit 3, more particularly upstream and downstream of the compression device 10. The latter can thus participate in the circulation and compression of the refrigerant fluid.
• the compression device 10 can participate in the activity of the power supply circuit 3 or in the activity of the cooling circuit 4.
• the determination of such an activity can for example depend on the position of 'a first valve 41 disposed on the supply circuit 3 upstream of the compression device 10 st from the connection to the cooling circuit 4, of a second valve 42 disposed on the supply circuit 3 downstream of the compression device 10 st of the connection to the cooling circuit 4, of a third valve 43 disposed on the cooling circuit 4 downstream of the compression device 10 st of the connection to the supply circuit 3, st of a fourth valve 44 disposed on the cooling circuit 4 upstream of the compression device 10 and the connection to the power supply circuit 3.
• the compression device 10 is integrated into the power supply circuit 3 for the purpose of compress gas to power gas-consuming appliances.
• the compression device 10 is integrated into the cooling circuit 4 in order to compress the fluid refrigerant to take part in the management of the pressure of the tank 2.
• the cooling circuit 4 comprises a turbocharger 13, an internal heat exchanger 18 and a heat exchanger 17.
• the turbocharger 13 comprises a compression member 14 and a turbine 15 mechanically connected to each other by a shaft 16.
• the compression member 14 is arranged upstream of a first pass of the internal heat exchanger 18 while the turbine 15 is arranged downstream of the same first pass of the heat exchanger 18.
• the turbine 15 is placed in rotation, er thus drives the shaft 16, which itself drives the compression member 14.
• the refrigerant fluid is therefore initially compressed by the compression member 14 and then passes through the first pass of the heat exchanger. internal heat 18 then is subsequently released by the turbine 15.
• the expansion allows a decrease in the temperature of the refrigerant fluid which circulates through the heat exchanger 17, then through a second pass of the internal heat exchanger 18 . They therefore operates a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid circulating within the first pass of the heat exchanger internal heat 18 and the refrigerant fluid circulating within the second pass of the internal heat exchanger 18 in order to regulate the temperature of the refrigerant fluid circulating in the cooling circuit 4.
• the supply and cooling system 1 also comprises a gas circuit with liquid air 8, within which gas circulates in liquid form coming from the tank 2.
• the gas circuit with liquid air 8 allows the condensation gas is evaporated in the sky 200 of the tank 2 st thus participates in the management of the pressure of the tank.
• the gas in the liquid state of the tank 2 is sucked within the gas circuit in the liquid state 8 by means of a pump 19.
• the gas in the liquid state then circulates until it passes through the exchanger of heat 17. It is thus understood that the heat exchange operated within the heat exchanger 17 is carried out between the refrigerant fluid circulating in the cooling circuit 4 and the gas with the liquid erar circulating in the gas circuit to the liquid erar 8.
• the gas to the liquid erar thus exits cooled from the heat exchanger 17.
• the liquid-erar gas can return to the lower part of the tank 2 via an outlet orifice 21.
• a connected operation participates in lowering the average temperature of the tank 2, which causes a drop in pressure saturation of tank 2 and thus a drop in pressure in tank 2.
• the cooled liquid-erar gas can also be sprayed in the form of a spray in the top 200 of the tank 2.
• the liquid-erar gas circuit comprises a spraying member 20 which sprays the gas in liquid era.
• the spraying of the gas to the liquid erar makes it possible to condense the evaporated gas in the top 200 of the tank 2.
• the condensation of the gas thus reduces the quantity of evaporated gas, which therefore leads to a drop in the internal pressure of the tank 2.
• the gas circuit to the liquid erar 8 comprises an additional valve 51.
• FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an internal structure of the compression device 10.
• the compression of fluid within the compression device can be done in various ways, depending on the need to be met by the supply and cooling system.
• the fluid is compressed within the device compression 10 by a plurality of compression stages.
• the compression device 10 comprises a first compression stage 30 and a second compression stage 31. Each compression stage is followed by a cooler 35.
• the compression device 10 may comprise more than two compression stages.
• the compression stages can be connected together in series or in parallel.
• a connection is made through a control module 9.
• the control module 9 comprises a main pipe 32 which extends from one end to the other of the compression device 10.
• the first compression stage 30 st the second compression stage 31 are both arranged on the main pipe 32.
• the control module 9 also comprises a first peripheral pipe
• the first peripheral pipe 33 connected to the main pipe 32 via a first connection disposed upstream of the first compression stage 30 and via a second connection disposed downstream of the coolant 35 of the first compression stage 30.
• the first peripheral pipe 33 is therefore configured to circulate gas which bypasses the first compression stage 30.
• the first peripheral pipe comprises a first valve 36.
• the control module 9 also comprises a second peripheral pipe
• the second peripheral pipe 34 is therefore configured to circulate gas therein which bypasses the first compression stage 30.
• FIG. 3 represents a first arrangement of compression stages of the compression device 10.
• the solid lines of the pipes of the control module 9 correspond to pipes where a fluid circulates therein, while the dotted pipes correspond to pipes where the fluid does not circulate.
• the compression stages are connected in series with respect to each other.
• the series connection of the compression stages is implemented by the control module 9 when the gas flowing through the compression device 10 is intended to supply the gas-consuming appliances represented in FIG. 1.
• the gas pressure must be given priority over the flow rate.
• the gas must therefore be compressed by all of the compression stages, and a connection of the compression stages in series is more suitable.
• the first valve 36 When the compression stages are connected in series, the first valve 36 is closed. The gas therefore circulates only within the main pipe 32 and is compressed by the first compression stage 30, then passes through the cooler 35 of the first compression stage 30. The gas then joins the second valve 37 which maintains the circulation of the gas within the main pipe 32 so that the gas is compressed by the second compression stage 31, then passes through the cooler 35 of the second compression stage 31 before leaving the compression device 10.
• Figure 4 shows a second arrangement of compression stages of the compression device 10.
• the compression stages are arranged in parallel with respect to each other. The parallel arrangement is indicated when the compression device 10 compresses the refrigerant intended to circulate within the cooling circuit, in order to favor the flow of refrigerant over its pressure.
• the control module 9 opens the first valve 36 arranged on the first peripheral pipe 33.
• the refrigerant fluid circulates within the main pipe 32 st separates into two fractions.
• a first fraction continues its circulation in the main pipe 32 and is compressed by the first compression stage 30 then passes through the cooler 35 of the first compression stage 30.
• a second fraction circulates within the first peripheral pipe 33 and bypasses the first compression stage 30. The second fraction then joins the main pipe 32 and is compressed by the second compression stage 31 and is cooled by the cooler 35 of the second compression stage 31.
• the first fraction of refrigerant fluid reaches the second valve 37 which directs the refrigerant fluid towards the second peripheral pipe 34 and thus bypasses the second compression stage 31.
• the two refrigerant fluid fractions were each compressed by a compression stage.
• the parallel connection of the compression stages ensures a higher fluid flow than a series connection.
• FIG. 5 represents a second embodiment of the supply and cooling system 1.
• This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it comprises a first compression device 11 and a second compression device 12
• the first compression device 11 is installed at the level of the supply circuit 3 while the second compression device 12 is installed within the cooling circuit 4.
• the function of the two compression devices is not however defined by their location, as will be described in detail later.
• the presence of two compression devices also makes it possible to set up redundancy within the power supply and cooling system 1. Thus, for example, if one of the compression devices breaks down, the other compression device can still perform its function and keep the power supply and cooling system 1 operational.
• the supply circuit 3 and the cooling circuit 4 both comprise a plurality of valves allowing access to each of the circuits to each of the compression devices so that the latter can both meet the gas supply needs of the appliances. gas consumers or, if necessary, supply of coolant to the cooling circuit.
• the second embodiment of the power and cooling system 1 comprises a fifth valve 45, a sixth valve 46, a seventh valve 47, an eighth valve 48, a ninth valve 49 and a tenth valve 50.
• the fifth valve 45 and the sixth valve 46 allow the connection of the first compression device 11 to the cooling circuit 4 or else the connection of the second compression device 12 to the power supply circuit 3 depending on the configuration of the power supply system. cooling 1.
• the seventh valve 47 and the eighth valve 48 are installed on either side of the first compression device 11 to isolate the latter when they are in the closed position. Closing these valves is useful in the event of a breakdown of the first compression device 11.
• the ninth valve 49 and the tenth valve 50 make it possible to isolate the second compression device 12 from the rest of the power supply system and from cooling 1.
• the supply and cooling system 1 also comprises a return line 60 connected to the supply circuit 3, upstream from the second gas-consuming device 6 and from the burner 7.
• the return line 60 makes it possible to recirculate the excess gas circulating within the alimenrarion line 3 rd not necessary for the consumption of gas-consuming appliances.
• the gas circulates in the return line in order to return to tank 2.
• the supply and cooling system 1 comprises a first heat exchanger 61 and a second heat exchanger 62.
• the first heat exchanger 61 operates a heat exchange between the gas circulating in the return line 60 stores the cooled liquid gas circulating in the liquid gas circuit 8, within which a branch can be arranged to pass through the first heat exchanger 61 and thus recondenses the gas circulating in the return line 60.
• the second heat exchanger 62 is arranged upstream of the first heat exchanger 61 st operates a heat exchange between the gas flowing in the line of return the gas from the supply circuit 3 to the outlet of the tank 2.
• the gas leaving the tank 2 necessarily being at a lower temperature, this makes it possible to cool the gas circulating in the return line 60.
• Said gas is thus pre-cooled initially by crossing the second heat exchanger 62, then is recondensed by crossing the first heat exchanger 61.
• the recondensed gas joins the gas circuit in the liquid state 8 then the tank 2 via the outlet orifice 21 or by being projected via the spray device 20.
• Figures 6, 7 and 8 represent the second embodiment of the power supply and cooling system 1 according to three different operating modes. For each of these modes of operation, the two devices meet the need for supplying the gas-consuming devices and/or the need for supplying the cooling circuit 4.
• the solid lines represent pipes where a fluid circulates therein while the dotted lines represent pipes where no fluid circulates.
• FIG. 6 therefore represents a first mode of operation of the supply and cooling system 1.
• the first compression device 11 is connected to the supply circuit 3 in order to supply the gas-consuming devices and the second compression device 12 is connected to the cooling circuit 4 in order to supply the latter.
• the compression stages of the first compression device 11 are therefore arranged in series as shown in Figure 3, while the compression stages of the second compression device 12 are arranged in parallel as shown in Figure 4.
• the fifth valve 45 and the sixth valve 46 are closed in order to isolate the supply circuit 3 and the first compression device 11 from the cooling circuit 4 and from the second compression device 12.
• FIG. 7 represents a second mode of operation of the power supply and cooling system 1.
• the first compression device 11 and the second compression device 12 are connected to the power supply circuit 3 in order to supply gas-consuming appliances.
• the floors compression device of the first compression device 11 and of the second compression device 12 are therefore both arranged in series as shown in FIG. 3.
• the fifth valve 45 and the sixth valve 46 are open in order to connect the second compression device 12 to the supply circuit 3
• the third valve 43 and the fourth valve 44 are closed in order to isolate the cooling circuit 4 from the rest of the supply and cooling system 1.
• liquid-erar gas circulating in the liquid-erar gas circuit 8 is not cooled due to the lack of cooling circuit 4, the liquid-erar gas can however circulate therein in order to to condense the gas possibly circulating in the return line 60.
• FIG. 8 represents a third mode of operation of the power supply and cooling system 1.
• the first compression device 11 and the second compression device 12 are connected to the cooling circuit 4 in order to supply this one.
• the compression stages of the first compression device 11 and of the second compression device 12 are therefore both arranged in parallel as shown in FIG. 4.
• the fifth valve 45 and the sixth valve 46 are open in order to connect the first compression device compression 11 to the cooling circuit 4, and the first valve 41 and the second valve 42 are closed in order to isolate the supply circuit 3 from the rest of the supply and cooling system 1.
• FIG. 9 represents a third embodiment of the supply and cooling system 1. This third embodiment does not include either the gas circuit at the liquid state described previously, nor the return line of the second embodiment.
• the difference of this third embodiment lies in the positioning of the heat exchanger 17 which here is directly placed at least partially within the tank 2.
• the heat exchanger 17 therefore participates directly in the management of the pressure of the tank, er not indirectly by cooling the gas circuit to liquid erar as for the previous embodiments.
• the heat exchanger 17 therefore comprises only a single pass through which the refrigerant fluid passes.
• the pass may consist of a spiral lead so that the path of refrigerant fluid within the heat exchanger 17 is longer.
• the heat exchanger 17 therefore cools the top 200 of tank 2.
• the gas evaporated in the top 200 of tank 2 is therefore condensed near the heat exchanger 17, and then falls back into tank 2.
• the heat exchanger 17 therefore acts here as a gravity condenser.
• the invenrion connects that it has just been described, achieves the goal that it appears to be fixed, and makes it possible to propose a supply and cooling system for floating structures comprising at least one compression device before meet various needs depending on the connection of its compression stages.
• Variants not described here could be implemented without departing from the context of the invention, since, in accordance with the invention, they include a power supply and cooling system in accordance with the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

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• 2020
  • 2020-12-18 FR FR2013752A patent/FR3118103B1/fr active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-12-13 CN CN202180085396.2A patent/CN116710695A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-12-13 JP JP2023537050A patent/JP2023553727A/ja active Pending
  • 2021-12-13 KR KR1020237024383A patent/KR20230117451A/ko unknown
  • 2021-12-13 EP EP21851667.2A patent/EP4264114A1/fr active Pending
  • 2021-12-13 WO PCT/FR2021/052291 patent/WO2022129755A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2021-12-13 US US18/257,345 patent/US20240101241A1/en active Pending

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