EP4255879A1 - Procédé de préparation de frambinone - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation de frambinoneInfo
- Publication number
- EP4255879A1 EP4255879A1 EP21819879.4A EP21819879A EP4255879A1 EP 4255879 A1 EP4255879 A1 EP 4255879A1 EP 21819879 A EP21819879 A EP 21819879A EP 4255879 A1 EP4255879 A1 EP 4255879A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- equal
- frambinone
- compound
- phenol
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/367—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/204—Aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/37—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of >C—O—functional groups to >C=O groups
- C07C45/39—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of >C—O—functional groups to >C=O groups being a secondary hydroxyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/62—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
- C07C45/74—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups combined with dehydration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/353—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of frambinone comprising a step of condensation of phenol and glyoxylic acid.
- Frambinone or 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone, is the main aromatic compound of raspberries, but also present in cranberries or blackberries.
- Frambinone is used in perfumery, cosmetics or in the food industry to give a fruity smell.
- This natural aromatic compound can be extracted from fruits at the rate of 1 to 4 mg per kilogram of raspberry. Given the very low abundance of this aromatic compound in the fruit, synthetic processes have been developed, in particular:
- the present invention aims at the manufacture of frambinone by a new access route using non-toxic and less expensive starting materials.
- the method allows the manufacture of a new compound: natural frambinone, the method advantageously uses reagents of natural origin.
- the method advantageously uses milder operating conditions, in particular in terms of temperature or pressure, than the methods of the prior art.
- a first object of the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of frambinone comprising a stage (a) of condensation of phenol and glyoxylic acid.
- the present invention also relates to frambinone which can be obtained according to the method of the present invention.
- the present invention also relates to frambinone whose carbon content of biosourced origin is greater than or equal to 50% and strictly less than 100%.
- the present invention relates to frambinone whose 13 C isotopic deviation is between -27%o and -15%o, preferably whose carbon content of biosourced origin is greater than or equal to 50%.
- the present invention also relates to the use of frambinone according to the present invention as a flavor or perfume.
- the present invention relates to a composition comprising frambinone according to the present invention.
- biosourced origin refers to a product which is composed, entirely or mainly, of biological products, or renewable agricultural materials (including vegetable, animal and marine materials) or forestry.
- carbon of bio-based origin or “bio-based carbon” refers to carbons of renewable origin such as agricultural, plant, animal, fungal, micro-organisms, marine or forest living in a natural environment in balance with the atmosphere.
- Bio-based carbon content is typically assessed using carbon-14 dating (also called carbon dating or radiocarbon dating).
- biobased carbon content refers to the molar ratio of biobased carbon to total carbon of the compound or product.
- Bio-based carbon content can preferably be measured by a method of measuring the decay process of 14 C (carbon-14), in disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon (or 10 dpm/gC), by liquid scintillation counting , preferably according to the ASTM D6866-16 Standard Test Method. Said American standard ASTM D6866 test would be equivalent to ISO 16620-2. According to said ASTM D6866 standard, the test method can preferably use AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) techniques with IRMS 13 C (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry) to quantify the bio-based content of a given product.
- AMS Accelelerator Mass Spectrometry
- Hydrogen and carbon atoms naturally co-exist with their stable isotopes: deuterium and 13 C respectively.
- the quantity and the D/H and 13 C/ 12 C ratios are influenced by several factors such as, in particular, the environment for natural products.
- the isotopic fingerprint of a product gives information on the origin of the product in particular the natural or fossil origin.
- the 2 H-SNIF-NMR method measures the deuterium/hydrogen ratio of each site of a molecule.
- the 13 C-SNIF-NMR method measures the 13 C/ 12 C ratio of each site of a molecule.
- the D/H ratios are measured by comparison with tetramethylurea (TMU), the international reference standard.
- TMU tetramethylurea
- the measurements can be carried out in dioxane or in a dioxane/benzene mixture.
- the average 13 C isotopic deviation ( ⁇ 13 C) is measured by isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) compared to PDB (pee bee belemnite), the international reference standard.
- the process for preparing frambinone comprises a step (a) of condensation of phenol and glyoxylic acid and can be represented according to the following diagram:
- Step (a) of condensation of phenol and glyoxylic acid allows the formation of 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid (Compound I).
- Step (a) can be carried out according to any process for the condensation of an aromatic derivative with glyoxylic acid, in particular as described in particular in WO 09/077383 or WO 2015/071431.
- the phenol can be a biobased phenol or a non-biobased phenol.
- phenol having a biobased carbon content greater than 50% is also called “biobased phenol”.
- the biobased phenol according to the invention may have a biobased carbon content greater than 60%, preferably between 75% and 100%, more preferably between 90% and 100%, more preferably between 95% and 100%, more preferably between 98 % and 100%, and more preferably between 99% and 100%.
- Biobased phenol is a commercial product. It can be obtained in a natural way from natural resources such as lignin in particular by different methods, charcoal oil, from vegetable oil or saccharide residues.
- biochemical processes are known. Mention may be made, by way of example, of US 2013/0232852 which describes a process for the biorefining of lignin biomass. Mention may also be made of EP 2639295 which describes a biochemical process for the production of phenol from saccharides.
- biobased phenol Given the biosourced origin of phenol, it may contain certain impurities.
- the nature of the impurities contained in biobased phenol is different from those contained in phenol of fossil origin. Furthermore, these impurities may be specific depending on the origin of the phenol and its method of preparation.
- phenol of biobased origin has a purity greater than or equal to 99%.
- the content of total impurities in the biobased phenol is less than or equal to 1%, and greater than or equal to 0.5%.
- the content of each impurity in the biobased phenol is between 0.005 and 0.1%, preferably between 0.01 and 0.08%.
- the biosourced phenol has an average isotopic deviation ⁇ 13 C of between -33%o and -20%o, preferably between -30%o and -25%o, very preferably between -30%o and -27% y.
- the glyoxylic acid can be a bio-based glyoxylic acid or a non-bio-based glyoxylic acid.
- glyoxylic acid having a biobased carbon content greater than 50% is also called “biobased glyoxylic acid”.
- the biobased glyoxylic acid according to the invention may have a biobased carbon content greater than 60%, preferably between 75% and 100%, more preferably between 90% and 100%, more preferably between 95% and 100%, more preferably between 98% and 100%, and more preferably between 99% and 100%.
- Bio-based and non-bio-based glyoxylic acid can be purchased from several producers. Certain processes for the production of biobased glyoxylic acid are described in the prior art. In particular, different biochemical processes are available. For example, US 5219745 describes an industrially advantageous process for the biochemical production of glyoxylic acid.
- bio-based glyoxylic acid can be produced by well-known industrial methods (see for example “Glyoxylic Acid” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, G. MATTIODA and Y. CHRISTIDIS, Vol.17 p.89-92, 2012) from bio-based raw materials, such as bio-based ethanol, or bio-based glycerol or bio-based ethylene glycol.
- bio-based glyoxylic acid Given the biosourced origin of glyoxylic acid, it may contain certain impurities. The nature of the impurities contained in bio-based glyoxylic acid is different from those contained in fossil-based glyoxylic acid. Furthermore, these impurities may be specific depending on the origin of the glyoxylic acid and its preparation process.
- the biosourced glyoxylic acid used in the context of the present invention generally has an average 13 C isotopic deviation of between -33 and -7%o, preferably comprised between -31%o and -9%o, preferentially comprised between -30%o and -10%o, and very preferentially comprised between -31 and -25%o.
- the biosourced glyoxylic acid used in the context of the present invention generally has an average 13 C isotopic deviation of between -7 and -3%o, preferably between -6%o and -5% y.
- condensation reaction of phenol with glyoxylic acid allows the synthesis of the corresponding condensation product, which is a para-hydroxymandelic acid.
- This condensation step can give rise to certain impurities, namely an ortho-hydroxymandelic acid (Compound II) and a dimandelic derivative (Compound III).
- Other phenol impurities may react during the condensation step.
- the compound (I) obtained at the end of step (a) has a carbon content of biosourced origin greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 70%.
- the molar ratio between phenol and glyoxylic acid can be between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.2 and 2.2.
- the condensation reaction can be carried out in a cascade of stirred reactors. According to a variant, the reaction is carried out in a plug-flow reactor, optionally comprising a heat exchanger. Such an embodiment is for example described in application WO 09/077383.
- the condensation reaction between phenol and glyoxylic acid can be carried out in water, in the presence of an alkali metal, said reaction being carried out in a plug flow reaction. It can also be carried out in a tubular reactor.
- the condensation reaction can advantageously be catalyzed by a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, according to the reaction described in patent application EP 0 578 550.
- the phenol is reacted with glyoxylic acid in the presence of a base, preferably an inorganic base or an organic base, more preferably an alkali metal, and even more preferably in the presence NaOH, KOH, lime or K2CO3.
- a base preferably an inorganic base or an organic base, more preferably an alkali metal, and even more preferably in the presence NaOH, KOH, lime or K2CO3.
- sodium hydroxide may be preferred.
- the alkali metal hydroxide can be used in solution.
- the alkali metal hydroxide solution can have a concentration between 10% and 50% by weight.
- the quantity of alkali metal hydroxide introduced into the reaction medium takes into account the quantity necessary to salify the hydroxyl function of the phenol and the carboxylic function of the glyoxylic acid.
- the phenol is in the phenolate form and the condensation product is a mandelate compound.
- the amount of alkali metal hydroxide is between 80% and 120% of the
- the phenolate reacts with glyoxylic acid to form the corresponding para-mandelate.
- reaction steps for preparing the glyoxylate and the phenolate can be carried out according to two distinct steps.
- the glyoxylic acid is brought into direct contact with the phenolate in the presence of the base.
- a possible variant consists in carrying out the reaction in the presence of a catalyst of the dicarboxylic acid type, preferably oxalic acid, as described in international patent application WO 99/65853.
- the quantity of catalyst used expressed by the ratio between the number of moles of catalyst and the number of moles of glyoxylic acid, can be advantageously chosen between 0.5% and 2.5% and preferably between 1% and 2% .
- the phenol and the alkaline agent are mixed together before the phenol is brought into contact with the glyoxylic acid.
- the method according to the invention may comprise a first step of bringing the phenol into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide in aqueous solution, followed by bringing the resulting solution into contact with glyoxylic acid.
- This embodiment advantageously makes it possible to better control the reaction temperature, because the salification reaction of glyoxylic acid is exothermic.
- the method according to the invention comprises in a first step bringing glyoxylic acid into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide in aqueous solution, followed by bringing the resulting solution into contact with phenol .
- the process according to the invention comprises, on the one hand, bringing the phenol into contact with the alkaline agent in aqueous solution, and, on the other hand, bringing the glyoxylic acid with the alkaline agent in aqueous solution, followed by bringing the two resulting solutions into contact.
- These optional steps of bringing glyoxylic acid into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide in aqueous solution and/or bringing phenol into contact with the alkaline agent can be carried out at a temperature between 10°C and 40°C , for example at 15°C or at 35°C.
- the reaction mixture obtained may have a viscosity at 20° C. of between 0.5 mPa.s and 50 mPa.s and more preferably between 1.5 mPa.s and 3 mPa.s. According to the invention, this mixture is introduced into at least one reactor, in which the condensation reaction takes place.
- the phenol is reacted with the glyoxylic acid in the absence of any added acid compound or base compound. This embodiment is further described in document WO 2015/071431.
- This condensation step can be carried out in an aqueous medium.
- the concentration of the phenol can preferably be between 0.5 and 1.5 mol/liter and more particularly approximately 1 mol/liter.
- Glyoxylic acid can be used in aqueous solution with a concentration ranging for example between 15% and 70% by weight. Commercial solutions are preferably used, the concentration of which is approximately 50% by weight.
- the phenol is reacted with glyoxylic acid without any solvent, and the glyoxylic acid is glyoxylic acid monohydrate.
- glyoxylic acid is glyoxylic acid monohydrate.
- the phenol is reacted with glyoxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst chosen from the group consisting of complexes of transition metals with oxygenated ligands.
- Said catalyst is preferably chosen from the group consisting of iron(II) acetate (Fe(OAc)2), iron(III) acetate (Fe(OAc)3), copper(II) acetate (Cu(OAc)2) , iron (II) acetylacetonate (Fe (acac) 2), iron (III) acetylacetonate (Fe (acac) 3), cupper (II) acetylacetonate (Cu (acac) 2), cupper (III) acetylacetonate (Cu (acac) )3), and a transition metal complex having a glyoxylate ligand.
- This embodiment is further described in document WO 2015/071431.
- the operating conditions of the reaction can be fixed according to the reagents and the type of reactor or sequence of reactor used.
- the reaction temperature can be between 10°C and 90°C. According to one embodiment, the reaction temperature can be between 10°C and 20°C. According to another embodiment, the temperature may be between 30°C and 40°C. In addition, the temperature may vary during the reaction. For example, the reaction can be carried out at a temperature between 10°C and 20°C for a certain time, and the temperature can then be raised to between 30°C and 50°C for a finishing phase.
- the reaction can be carried out at atmospheric pressure, optionally under a controlled atmosphere of inert gases, preferably nitrogen or, optionally, rare gases, in particular argon. Nitrogen is preferentially chosen.
- the total residence time of the reagents in continuous mode and the operating or cycle time in batch mode can vary widely, for example from a few minutes to several hours, or even several days, in particular depending on the operating conditions, in particular depending on the reaction temperature.
- the total residence time of the reagents can be between 10 hours and 100 hours.
- the total residence time of the reagents can be between 30 minutes and 30 hours.
- the condensation compound obtained can be separated from the reaction mixture by conventional separation techniques, in particular by crystallization or by extraction using an appropriate organic solvent.
- a neutralization step can be carried out.
- the reaction mixture obtained after the condensation reaction can be used in its existing form.
- the phenol generally being in excess relative to the glyoxylic acid, the unreacted phenol fraction is advantageously recovered from a recycling loop, for example by distillation of the water/phenol azeotrope. This excess reduces the likelihood of forming dimandelic acid type compounds (i.e. compounds resulting from the condensation of two molecules of glyoxylic acid with one molecule of guaiacol).
- Unreacted phenol can be recovered by acidification, as described in WO 2014/016146.
- the process for preparing frambinone may also comprise a step (b) of decarboxylating oxidation of the compound of formula (I) obtained at the end of step (a) to form a compound of formula (IV).
- Step (b) is a step in which compound (I) is oxidized to form compound (IV) according to the following scheme, carbon dioxide is released:
- the compounds (II) and (III) obtained at the end of step (a) can also be oxidized under the same conditions to form the compounds (V) and (VI).
- step (a) The impurities contained in the biobased phenol which may have reacted during step (a) are also likely to be oxidized under the conditions of step (b).
- the oxidation can be carried out under an oxidizing atmosphere, such as O2 or under air.
- the reaction medium is an alkaline aqueous medium, preferably an inorganic base and more preferably sodium or potassium hydroxide, so as to form the corresponding phenate, and to capture the released CO2, in carbonate form.
- the reaction can be carried out continuously or discontinuously, for example in a medium strongly diluted in water.
- a catalyst for this oxidation reaction can be chosen from catalysts comprising at least one metallic element chosen from the group formed by copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese and any mixture thereof.
- inorganic or organic copper compounds mention may in particular be made, as copper compounds, of cuprous and cupric bromide; cuprous iodide; cuprous and cupric chloride; basic cupric carbonate; cuprous and cupric nitrate; cuprous and cupric sulphate; cuprous sulfite; cuprous and cupric oxide; cupric hydroxide; cuprous and cupric acetate; and cupric trifluoromethyl sulfonate.
- nickel (II) halides such as nickel (II) chloride, bromide or iodide; nickel(II) sulfate; nickel(II) carbonate; nickel (II) hydroxide; salts of organic acids containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as in particular acetate or propionate; nickel (II) complexes, such as nickel (II) acetylacetonate, nickel (II) dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine) or nickel (II) dibromobis (bipyridine); and nickel(0) complexes, such as nickel(0)bis(cycloocta-1,5-diene) or nickel(0) bisdiphenylphosphinoethane.
- nickel (II) halides such as nickel (II) chloride, bromide or iodide
- nickel(II) sulfate nickel(II) carbonate
- nickel (II) hydroxide such as in particular acetate or prop
- cobalt-based compounds mention may in particular be made of cobalt (II) and (III) halides, such as cobalt (II) chloride, bromide or iodide or cobalt chloride, bromide or iodide (III); cobalt (II) sulfate and cobalt (III); cobalt(II) carbonate, basic cobalt(II) carbonate; cobalt(II) orthophosphate; cobalt(II) nitrate; cobalt (II) and cobalt (III) oxide; cobalt(II) hydroxide and cobalt
- cobalt (II) and (III) halides such as cobalt (II) chloride, bromide or iodide or cobalt chloride, bromide or iodide (III); cobalt (II) sulfate and cobalt (III); cobalt(II) carbonate, basic cobalt(II)
- salts of organic acids comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms such as in particular cobalt(II) and cobalt(III) acetate or cobalt(II) propionate; cobalt (II) complexes, such as hexaminecobalt (II) or (III) chloride, hexaminecobalt (II) or (III) sulfate, pentaminecobalt (III) chloride or triethylenediaminecobalt (III) chloride ).
- catalytic systems based on iron generally in the form of oxides, hydroxides or salts, such as chloride, bromide, iodide or fluoride of iron (II) and iron (III ); iron (II) and iron (III) sulfate; iron (II) and iron (III) nitrate; or iron(II) oxide and iron(III).
- the reaction can also use manganese-based catalytic systems such as manganese(II) carbonate, manganese(III) acetate.
- the oxidation reaction can be catalyzed, for example, by a catalytic system comprising two metallic elements chosen from the group formed by copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese and any mixture thereof.
- a catalytic system comprising two metallic elements chosen from the group formed by copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese and any mixture thereof.
- the teachings of WO 2008/148760 can be applied for the preparation of the compound
- the condensation compound (IV) obtained at the end of step (a) reacts with the base (preferably sodium hydroxide) so as to salify the phenate function of the condensation compound. Then, oxidation in an oxidizing medium (preferably in air) produces a compound of formula (IV) and CO2 (trapped in the form of carbonate). At the end of the oxidation reaction, a compound of formula (IV) is obtained in salified form, that is to say with a hydroxyl group in salified (ionic) form, and various impurities, including tars, are obtained.
- the acidification of the compound of formula (IV) in salified form in the reaction medium is carried out using a strong acid, for example sulfuric acid.
- the oxidation reaction can be carried out in the absence of any added acid compound or basic compound. This embodiment is further described in document WO 2015/071431.
- the compound (IV) obtained at the end of step (b) has a carbon content of biosourced origin greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 70%, preferably greater than or equal 75% and less than or equal to 100%.
- the process for preparing frambinone may comprise a step (c) of condensation of the compound of formula (IV), obtained at the end of step (b), with acetone to form a compound of formula (VII) .
- Step (c) is a condensation of the compound of formula (IV) obtained at the end of step (b) with acetone, followed by dehydration, to form a compound of formula (VII).
- the acetone used in step (c) is a biosourced acetone.
- the bio-based acetone has a bio-based carbon content of between 75% and 100%, more preferably between 90% and 100%, more preferably between 95% and 100%, more preferably between 98% and 100%, and more preferably between 99 % and 100%.
- Bio-based acetone is a commercial product. It can be obtained naturally from natural resources such as by fermentation of sugars from corn residues, residues from the sugar industry in particular. Several biochemical processes are known, as described in Jones, DT and Woods, D R. (1986) Microbiol. Rev. 50: 484-524, or EP 2875139. Given the biosourced origin of acetone and its production process, it may contain certain impurities, such as in particular methanol, isopropanol, aldehydes. These impurities can be specific depending on the origin of the acetone.
- the biosourced acetone used in the context of the present invention generally has an average 13 C isotopic deviation of between -10%o and -2%o, preferably of between -8%o and -4%o.
- biobased acetone The nature of the impurities contained in biobased acetone is different from those contained in acetone of fossil origin. Moreover, these impurities can be specific depending on the origin of the acetone and its preparation process. In general, acetone of biosourced origin has a purity greater than or equal to 99%. In general, the content of total impurities in biosourced acetone is less than or equal to 1%, and greater than or equal to 0.5%. Generally, the content of each impurity in bio-based acetone is between 0.005 and 0.1%, preferably between 0.01 and 0.08%.
- step (c) is carried out in the presence of at least 1 equivalent of acetone, preferably of at most 5 equivalents of acetone, for example 2 equivalents of acetone.
- Step (c) can be carried out in the presence of a base or an acid.
- step (c) is carried out in the presence of a base.
- the base can be present in a catalytic quantity.
- step (c) is carried out in the presence of 1 base equivalent.
- the quantity of bases is less than or equal to 2 equivalents.
- the base used can be an inorganic base, such as KOH, NaOH.
- the base can be in aqueous solution at a concentration of between 10% and 50% by weight, preferably between 15% and 25% by weight.
- the base used can also be a basic solid of an alkali metal, alkaline earth, rare earths or transition metals such as oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, or hydrooxycarbonates, preferably chosen from the group consisting of Li2 ⁇ , Na2O, Al2O3, K2O, CS2O, BaO, MgO, BaCCL, CeCh, La2O3.
- the base used can also be an anion exchange resin having basic properties.
- the reaction is maintained at a temperature comprised between 10°C and 60°C, preferably comprised between 20°C and 50°C, preferentially comprised between 25°C and 40°C.
- the reaction is generally carried out in a solvent, preferably chosen from water, acetone, alcohols, or mixtures thereof.
- the alcohol is chosen from methanol, ethanol, isopropanol. This embodiment is described in particular in document CN 1097729.
- step (c) is carried out in the presence of an acid.
- Step (c) can be carried out in a mixture comprising water, an alcohol, preferably ethanol, acetone and an acid or with an acid in catalytic quantity.
- the amount of acid is generally less than or equal to 1 equivalent, relative to the amount of compound of formula (IV), preferably less than or equal to 0.8 equivalents, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 equivalents.
- the amount of acid is greater than or equal to 0.01 equivalents, preferably greater than or equal to 0.1 equivalents.
- the solvent for step (c) can be chosen from water, acetone, alcohols, acetic acid or mixtures thereof.
- the reaction is carried out in a water/acid mixture, in general the volume of water relative to the volume of acid is between 1:1 and 5:1.
- the acid used can also be a resin cation exchanger with acidic properties.
- the reaction is maintained at a temperature comprised between 10°C and 60°C, preferably comprised between 20°C and 50°C, preferentially comprised between 25°C and 40°C.
- the acid is generally a strong acid, preferably the acid is chosen from acids having a pKa of less than or equal to 2, such as sulfuric acid, triflic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid.
- step (c) can be carried out in the presence of an amino acid, preferably chosen from proline, azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, 4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2- carboxylic acid, pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide, thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, 4-acetoxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.
- the amount of amino acid is generally between 15% by volume and 40% by volume.
- the solvent is generally a mixture of DMSO and acetone.
- the compound (VII) obtained at the end of step (c) has a carbon content of biosourced origin greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 70%, preferably greater than or equal to 75 % and less than or equal to 100%.
- the compound (VII) obtained at the end of step (c) is recovered in salified form.
- the process for preparing frambinone may comprise a stage (d) of hydrogenation of the compound of formula (VII) obtained at the end of stage (c), in protonated or salified form.
- Stage (d) is a stage of hydrogenation of the compound of formula (VII) obtained at the end of stage (d) to form frambinone (VIII). live. (Wine)
- step (d) is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent with or without heterogeneous catalysis.
- step (d) is carried out in the presence of a metal-based catalyst, preferably chosen from catalysts based on Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, Rh, such as Pd/C, Pt/Alumina or Raney Nickel.
- a metal-based catalyst preferably chosen from catalysts based on Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, Rh, such as Pd/C, Pt/Alumina or Raney Nickel.
- the amount of catalyst is generally greater than or equal to 0.1% by weight, preferably greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight, and less than or equal to 25% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 20% by weight.
- Stage (d) is generally carried out in the presence of a reducing agent
- the reducing agent can be chosen from dihydrogen, phosphite and hypophosphite derivatives such as than described in Org. Biomol. Chem., 2015, 13, 7879-7906.
- the reducing agent can be chosen from HCO 2 (NH 4 ), NaH 2 PO 2 , Na 2 HPO 3 , HCO 2 H.
- the amount of reducing agent is generally greater than or equal to 1 equivalent relative to the amount of compound of formula (VII), preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 equivalents, and less than or equal to 10 equivalents, preferably less than or equal to 7 equivalents, very preferably less than or equal to 5 equivalents.
- the solvent can be chosen from the group consisting of water, alcohols, or acetic acid and their mixtures, in particular the solvent can be water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol , acetic acid or mixtures thereof.
- step (d) can be carried out in the presence of a base, preferably a strong base, very preferably a non-nucleophilic strong base.
- a base preferably a strong base, very preferably a non-nucleophilic strong base.
- the base can be chosen from tertiary amines, such as triethylamine.
- Step (d) is generally carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to 25°C, preferably greater than or equal to 30°C, preferably greater than 40°C, very preferably greater than 50°C.
- the temperature of step (d) is less than or equal to 190°C, preferably less than or equal to 175°C, very preferably less than or equal to 150°C.
- step (d) is carried out at a temperature of between 25°C and 100°C.
- Step (d) can be carried out at atmospheric pressure, alternatively step (d) can be carried out under autogenous pressure.
- step (d) can be carried out by biochemical transformation, in particular transformation of the compound of formula (VII) into frambinone of formula (VIII) can be carried out via a microorganism having an ene activity -reductase, as described in particular in GB2416769 or in Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic (1998), 4(5-6), 289-293.
- steps (c) and (d) can be carried out without isolation of the compound of formula (VII).
- steps (c) and (d) can be carried out according to a “one-pot” process.
- steps (c) and (d) can be carried out without isolation of the compound of formula (VII) and can be carried out by heterogeneous catalysis, in particular in the presence of a resin, preferably an acid resin. This embodiment is described in particular in ACS Omega 2020, 5, 14291-14296.
- steps (c) and (d) can be carried out without isolation of the compound of formula (VII) and can be carried out by acid catalysis, in the presence of a reducing agent and a metal-based catalyst.
- the metal-based catalyst is chosen from catalysts based on Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, Rh, such as Pd/C or Raney Nickel.
- the reducing agent is generally chosen from NaHzPCh, HCO2H, NaHPCb.
- the catalyst is generally a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid.
- the solvent can be chosen from the group consisting of water, alcohols, or acetic acid and their mixtures, in particular the solvent can be water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol , acetic acid or mixtures thereof.
- the compound (VIII) obtained at the end of step (d) has a carbon content of biosourced origin greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 70%, preferably greater than or equal to 75 % and less than or equal to 100%.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of frambinone from 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and acetone.
- the preparation process can be represented by the following diagram:
- 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol is a commercial product, in particular the commercial product can be adapted for use in the food industry.
- 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol can be of biobased or non-biobased origin.
- 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol can also be obtained by reduction of the aldehyde (IV) obtained at the end of step (b).
- the 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol has a carbon content of biosourced origin greater than or equal to 60%, preferably greater than or equal to 70%, preferably greater than or equal to 75% and less than or equal to 100%.
- the acetone can be of biobased origin, as described previously in step (c).
- the condensation reaction of the compound of formula (IX) and acetone is carried out in a basic medium.
- the base used can be a base chosen from NaOH, KOH, K3PO4.
- the amount of base is generally greater than or equal to 1 equivalent, preferably greater than or equal to 1.1 equivalents, preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 equivalents relative to the compound of formula (IX).
- the amount of base is less than or equal to 5 equivalents, preferably less than or equal to 4, very preferably less than or equal to 3 equivalent equivalents with respect to the compound of formula (IX).
- the condensation reaction of the compound of formula (IX) and acetone is carried out in the presence of a metal-based catalyst, preferably chosen from catalysts based on Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, Rh, such as Pd/C or Raney Nickel.
- a metal-based catalyst preferably chosen from catalysts based on Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, Rh, such as Pd/C or Raney Nickel.
- the amount of catalyst is generally greater than or equal to 0.1% by weight, preferably greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight, and less than or equal to 25% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 20% by weight.
- the solvent can be chosen from the group consisting of water, alcohols, acetone, dioxane and their mixtures, in particular the solvent can be water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, dioxane or mixtures thereof.
- a third aspect of the present invention refers to a frambinone capable of being obtained according to the process of the invention, in particular to a biosourced frambinone capable of being obtained by the process of the invention.
- the compound (VIII) obtained at the end of the condensation step of the compound of formula (IX) and acetone has a carbon content of biosourced origin greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to to 70%, preferably greater than or equal to 75% and less than or equal to 100%.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention covers a frambinone whose carbon content of biosourced origin is greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 75% and strictly less than 100%.
- the present invention also covers a frambinone characterized in that the average isotopic deviation 13 C is between -27%o and -15%o, preferably between -23%o and -15%o, preferably between -22%o o and -15%o, preferably between -23%o and -18%o, preferably between -22%o and -18%o, very preferably between -21%o and -19%o.
- the frambinone of the present invention has a carbon content of biobased origin greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 75%.
- the frambinone of the present invention has a carbon content of biosourced origin less than or equal to 110%, preferably less than or equal to 105%, preferentially less than or equal to 103%, preferentially less than or equal to 100% and very preferably strictly less than 100%.
- all the carbon atoms of the frambinone according to the present invention are of biobased origin, in particular the 10 carbon atoms of the frambinone of the present invention are of biobased origin.
- Preferably 9 carbon atoms of frambinone are of biosourced origin, preferably 8 carbon atoms, preferably 7 carbon atoms, preferably 6 carbon atoms are of biosourced origin.
- frambinone may have a (D/H) 3 /(D/H) 2 ratio of less than or equal to 1.10, preferably less than or equal to 1.00, very preferably less than or equal to 0.90 and very preferably less than or equal to 0.80.
- frambinone may have a (D/H) 3 /(D/H) 2 ratio greater than or equal to 0.10, preferably greater than or equal to 0.20 very preferably greater than or equal to 0.30 and very preferably greater than or equal to 0.40.
- frambinone may have a (D/H)S/(D/H)4 ratio of less than or equal to 1.10, preferably less than or equal to 10, very preferably less than or equal to 0.90 and very preferably less than or equal to 0.85.
- frambinone may have a ratio (D/H)S/(D/H)4 greater than or equal to 0.10, preferably greater than or equal to 0.20 very preferably greater than or equal to 0.30 and very preferably greater than or equal to 0.40.
- the frambinone of the present invention has a (D/H) 3 /(D/H) 2 ratio of less than or equal to 1.10, preferably less than or equal to 1.00, very preferably less than or equal to 0.90 and very preferably less than or equal to 0.80 and a ratio (D/H)S/(D/H)4 less than or equal to 1.10, preferably less than or equal to 10, very preferably less than or equal to 0.90 and very preferably less than or equal to 0.85.
- frambinone has a (D/H) 3 /(D/H) 2 ratio greater than or equal to 0.10, preferably greater than or equal to 0.20, very preferably greater than or equal to 0.30 and very preferably greater than or equal to 0.40 and a ratio (D/H)s/(D/H)4 greater than or equal to 0.10, preferably greater than or equal to 0.20 very preferably greater than or equal to 0.30 and very preferably greater than or equal to 0.40.
- the organoleptic properties of a flavoring substance can depend on the presence and the quantity of certain impurities. This is why the manufacturing process is essential for the flavor of the final compound.
- the frambinone of the present invention exhibits satisfactory organoleptic properties. It should be noted that the organoleptic profile of the frambinone of the present invention is equivalent to the organoleptic profile of the frambinone extracted from fruits.
- the present invention covers the use of frambinone according to the present invention or of frambinone obtained according to the process of the invention as flavoring or perfume.
- the present invention also covers a composition comprising frambinone according to the invention preferably chosen from the group consisting of food products, beverages, cosmetic formulations, pharmaceutical formulations and perfumes.
- Example 1 Phenol is condensed with a 50% by weight solution of glyoxylic acid at 30° C. in the presence of NaOH. The compound of formula (I) was obtained with a yield of 60%.
- the compound of formula (I) obtained in Example 1 is oxidized in the presence of a metal catalyst (metal content 8% by weight) and heated to 75° C. with bubbling of air under pressure. Autogenous (6-8bars) in an alkaline aqueous medium.
- the compound of formula (IV) is obtained after acidification with ELSCM with a yield of 95%.
- Example 2 The compound of formula (IV) obtained in Example 2 is condensed with acetone (4 equivalents) in acetic acid, in the presence of sulfuric acid (0.5 equivalent) at 50°C.
- the compound of formula (VII) is obtained with a selectivity of 87%.
- Example 2 The compound of formula (IV) obtained in Example 2 is condensed with acetone (8.6 equivalents), in the presence of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide (2.2 equivalents) at 20°C.
- the compound of formula (VII) is obtained with a selectivity of 94%.
- Example 2 The compound of formula (IV) obtained in Example 2 is condensed with acetone (4 equivalents), in the presence of glycine (0.3 equivalent) and NaHCOs (0.1 equivalent) in DMSO at 58°C.
- the compound of formula (VII) is obtained with a selectivity of 83%.
- Example 3 The compound of formula (VII) obtained in Example 3 is reduced in the presence of NaEhPC EbO (4 equivalents), Pd/C (20% by weight) in a solvent composed of water and ethanol (mixture 1: 1).
- the frambinone of formula (VII) is obtained with a selectivity of 81%.
- Example 4b The compound of formula (VII) obtained in Example 3 is reduced in the presence of Na HPCL, 5 H2O (4 equivalents), Pd/C (20% by weight) in a solvent composed of water and ethanol ( 1:1 mixture). The frambinone of formula (VII) is obtained with a selectivity of 91%.
- Example 4c The compound of formula (VII) obtained in Example 3 is reduced in the presence of HCO2H (4 equivalents), Pd/C (20% by weight) in a solvent composed of water and ethanol (mixture 1 : 1). The frambinone of formula (VII) is obtained with a selectivity of 78%.
- the frambinone obtained of formula (VII) has 10 carbon atoms of biosourced origin and an isotopic deviation of between -22%o and -18%o.
- the organoleptic profile of the frambinone of the present invention is equivalent to the organoleptic profile of the frambinone extracted from fruits.
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- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2012448A FR3116819B1 (fr) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Procédé de préparation de frambinone |
| PCT/EP2021/083815 WO2022117670A1 (fr) | 2020-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Procédé de préparation de frambinone |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP4255879A1 true EP4255879A1 (fr) | 2023-10-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP21819879.4A Pending EP4255879A1 (fr) | 2020-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Procédé de préparation de frambinone |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230416182A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4255879A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116615407A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2021391841B2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3116819B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022117670A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1227595A (fr) | 1958-07-03 | 1960-08-22 | Dragoco Gerberding Co Gmbh | Procédé de préparation de 1-(4-hydroxyphényl)-butanone-3 et parfum contenant ledit produit |
| FR2221433A1 (en) | 1972-09-15 | 1974-10-11 | Shell Int Research | Hydroxy phenyl substd ketones - useful as flavourings and aromatising agents |
| JPH01242549A (ja) | 1988-03-24 | 1989-09-27 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 4−(4−ヒドロキシフエニル)−2−ブタノンの製造方法 |
| US5219745A (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1993-06-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Production of glyoxylic acid from glycolic acid |
| FR2693458B1 (fr) | 1992-07-10 | 1994-12-09 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procédé de para-hydroxyalkylation de composés aromatiques hydroxylés. |
| CN1036455C (zh) | 1993-12-18 | 1997-11-19 | 江阴市顾山香料厂 | 对羟基苯基丁酮的合成方法 |
| FR2779718B1 (fr) | 1998-06-16 | 2000-12-29 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Procede de preparation de composes p-hydroxymandeliques eventuellement substitues et derives |
| GB2416769A (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-08 | Danisco | Biosynthesis of raspberry ketone |
| FR2917085B1 (fr) | 2007-06-06 | 2009-07-17 | Rhodia Recherches & Tech | Procede de preparation d'un aldehyde hydroxyaromatique. |
| FR2925047B1 (fr) | 2007-12-18 | 2010-01-01 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de preparation de composes p-hydroxymandeliques eventuellement substitues et derives. |
| US8471068B2 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2013-06-25 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Process for the preparation of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-one using solid acid clay catalyst |
| EP2639295B1 (fr) | 2010-11-10 | 2017-06-28 | Green Phenol Development Co., Ltd. | Transformant de bactérie corynéforme ainsi que procédé de fabrication de phénol mettant en oeuvre ce transformant |
| CN102372617A (zh) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-03-14 | 山东新和成药业有限公司 | 一种香料覆盆子酮的制备方法 |
| US20130232852A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-12 | Thesis Chemistry, Llc | Method for tiered production of biobased chemicals and biofuels from lignin |
| GB2505638B (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2016-01-06 | Green Biologics Ltd | Continuous culture |
| FR2993881B1 (fr) | 2012-07-26 | 2014-08-15 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de preparation d'alkoxyphenol et d'alkoxyhydroxybenzaldehyde |
| FR3013351B1 (fr) | 2013-11-15 | 2016-01-01 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de preparation de compose aromatique mandelique et de compose aldehyde aromatique |
| CN104193607B (zh) | 2014-09-10 | 2016-01-20 | 曹仪山 | 一种覆盆子酮的合成方法 |
| CN104355977B (zh) | 2014-11-06 | 2016-03-02 | 南京林业大学 | 一种覆盆子酮的合成工艺 |
| CN104496778B (zh) | 2014-12-11 | 2017-06-16 | 南京林业大学 | 一种固体酸碱催化合成覆盆子酮的方法 |
| CN108530280A (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-14 | 浙江工业大学 | 酸性固载化离子液体催化合成覆盆子酮的方法 |
| CN109251138A (zh) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-22 | 广州中大南沙科技创新产业园有限公司 | 一种全天然碳源覆盆子酮的制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-01 FR FR2012448A patent/FR3116819B1/fr active Active
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2021
- 2021-12-01 US US18/252,823 patent/US20230416182A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-01 AU AU2021391841A patent/AU2021391841B2/en active Active
- 2021-12-01 WO PCT/EP2021/083815 patent/WO2022117670A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-12-01 EP EP21819879.4A patent/EP4255879A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-01 CN CN202180081216.3A patent/CN116615407A/zh active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2021391841A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
| CN116615407A (zh) | 2023-08-18 |
| FR3116819A1 (fr) | 2022-06-03 |
| FR3116819B1 (fr) | 2023-11-17 |
| US20230416182A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
| WO2022117670A1 (fr) | 2022-06-09 |
| AU2021391841B2 (en) | 2026-04-02 |
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