EP4249345A1 - Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils - Google Patents

Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4249345A1
EP4249345A1 EP22163470.2A EP22163470A EP4249345A1 EP 4249345 A1 EP4249345 A1 EP 4249345A1 EP 22163470 A EP22163470 A EP 22163470A EP 4249345 A1 EP4249345 A1 EP 4249345A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
field element
changeover
wire interface
monitoring
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22163470.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Alex Zurfluh
Patricius Johann GSCHWEND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gts Schweiz Ag
Original Assignee
Gts Schweiz Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gts Schweiz Ag filed Critical Gts Schweiz Ag
Priority to EP22163470.2A priority Critical patent/EP4249345A1/fr
Publication of EP4249345A1 publication Critical patent/EP4249345A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/06—Electric devices for operating points or scotch-blocks, e.g. using electromotive driving means
    • B61L5/062—Wiring diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/10—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points
    • B61L5/102—Controlling electrically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/10—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points
    • B61L5/107—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points electrical control of points position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L7/00—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks
    • B61L7/06—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks using electrical transmission
    • B61L7/08—Circuitry
    • B61L7/081—Direct line wire control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for operating a field element in a railway system, the device having a four-wire interface to the field element.
  • the invention also relates to a field element that is suitable for operation with such a device and to a railway system that has such a device and a field element.
  • railway technical systems can have a variety of motor-driven field elements such as switches, barriers or gauge changing systems.
  • the field elements are located in an outdoor system, while the components for controlling and monitoring the field elements are located in an indoor system.
  • a switch drive with a drive motor is used.
  • the drive motor is traditionally operated with a three-phase alternating voltage.
  • FIG. 1A A switch 11 with a switch drive 12 and push rod 13 is schematically illustrated in its left end position L, in which Fig. 1B in its right end position R.
  • the terms “left” and “right” refer to the position in relation to the direction of travel F in which the switch forms a branch.
  • the switch drive 12 is electrically controlled and monitored by a control and monitoring device in the indoor system that is spatially separate from the switch.
  • the control and monitoring device in turn communicates with a signal box computer.
  • switch drives that work with the four-wire interface are the Siemens S 700 K, Thales FieldTrac 6341 L700H and Thales FieldTrac 6343 L826H systems.
  • FIG. 2 the traditional interaction of a switch machine 12 with a control unit 20 is illustrated via a four-wire interface.
  • the point drive 12 has a drive motor with three windings L1, L2, L3, the mutual interconnection of which is determined by the position of two limit switches m1 and m2.
  • the switch drive 12 and the control unit 20 each have a four-wire interface X1-X4. These four-wire interfaces are connected to one another via a four-wire cable 30.
  • the four-wire interface can be operated in two operating modes, namely in monitoring mode or in changeover mode.
  • the control unit 20 has an operating mode switch 23 in the form of a four-pole isolating relay.
  • the operating mode switch 23 connects the switch drive 12 either to an end position monitoring device 21 or a changeover control 22.
  • monitoring mode the end position monitoring device 21 applies a DC voltage to two of the four connections of the four-wire interface and, on the one hand, determines the resulting current through these connections and on the other hand the voltage resulting at the other two connections.
  • the voltage and current measurements can be used to determine whether the switch is in the end position to be monitored.
  • the changeover control 22 applies a three-phase alternating voltage (typically 3 x 400 VAC) to the windings L1-L3 of the drive motor via the four-wire interface X1-X4.
  • FIG. 3A The positions of the limit switches m1, m2 are illustrated for different states of the switch.
  • the limit switches m1, m2 are in the position they assume in the left end position L of the switch Fig. 3B in the position that they assume in the right end position R of the switch.
  • the limit switches m1, m2 are in the position that they assume when the switch is "cut open", ie in a state in which the switch is between its left and right end position.
  • the switch assumes this state on the one hand during the changeover, and on the other hand in the following situations: when the switch is blocked during the changeover so that it cannot reach its end position, or when the switch has been opened.
  • the position of the Fig. 3D is never taken in the company.
  • the drive motor starts from the left end position Fig. 3A or the right end position of 3B initially operated in two phases until the limit switches reach the position of the Fig. 3C assume.
  • the further changeover now takes place in normal three-phase operation.
  • the phase position on the windings L1-L3 determines the direction of rotation of the drive motor.
  • the changeover control 22 recognizes this and switches the isolating relay 23 to the position for monitoring operation.
  • the monitoring operation is based on the Figures 4A and 4B explained in more detail.
  • a monitoring DC voltage source 210 is provided in the end position monitoring device 21, which applies a monitoring voltage U sup of typically 48 ... 60 VDC to the connections X2 and X3.
  • a low-resistance current detector 211 typically a low-resistance relay that switches above a certain current threshold, is arranged in series with the DC voltage source 210 and determines a measure of the current I 1 caused by the DC voltage source 210 through the connection X3.
  • a high-resistance voltage detector 212 typically a high-resistance relay that switches above a certain voltage threshold, is connected to terminals X1 and X4.
  • the current detector 212 determines a measure of the voltage U 1 , which is formed at the connections X1 and X4 due to the monitoring voltage U sup .
  • the windings L1-L3 have low resistance to direct currents (typically 10-15 Q). When the switch occupies the left end position (ie when the limit switches m1 and m2 reach the in Fig. 3A position shown), current flows serially through the low-resistance windings L1-L3, the low-resistance current detector 211 and the high-resistance voltage detector 212.
  • the resulting current I 1 is limited by the high internal resistance of the voltage detector 212 and is correspondingly small.
  • the resulting voltage U 1 is correspondingly relatively large. If, on the other hand, the switch assumes the cut state (ie if the limit switches m1 and m2 reach the in Fig. 3C assume the position shown), the current only flows through the low-resistance windings L2 and L3 and the low-resistance current detector 211, but not through the Winding L1 and the voltage detector 212.
  • the resulting current I 1 is correspondingly high.
  • the voltage U 1 at the voltage detector 212 becomes zero. This allows a clear distinction to be made between the left end position and the cut state. Analogous considerations also apply to monitoring the right end position, which is in the Fig. 4B is illustrated.
  • the monitoring of the end positions via the four-wire interface is always carried out via a voltage measurement (high-impedance) and a current measurement (low-impedance). All elements in the outdoor system (windings L1-L3 and limit switches m1 and m2) are low-resistance with respect to direct currents, and the high-resistance voltage detector is arranged in the indoor system.
  • control unit 20 is arranged together with the signal box computer in a central signal box building, i.e. the indoor system is centralized in a single location. Between the signal box building and the field elements, cables run in a tree-like arrangement and can be up to several kilometers long. This type of arrangement is referred to below as “traditional signal box architecture”.
  • EP3643579A1 discloses a device for monitoring the operating status of a switch, in which a readout signal is generated in the form of an AC signal. The value of the frequency of this readout signal depends on the determined operating state of the switch.
  • a coupling device couples the readout signal into an electrical line between a switch drive of the switch and a signal box.
  • An evaluation device arranged remotely from the switch couples the readout signal out of the line, carries out a spectral analysis of the extracted readout signal and, depending on a result of the spectral analysis, generates an output signal which represents the operating state of the switch.
  • monitoring is carried out using two current measurements instead of one voltage and one current measurement. This enables particularly reliable monitoring. In particular, insulation faults or wire shorts can be detected and localized particularly reliably, as these have a direct effect on the measured current values.
  • the evaluation device is preferably designed to compare the currents measured by the first and second current detectors and to determine the monitoring signal taking this comparison into account. This makes determining the operating status particularly easy and reliable.
  • the evaluation device can optionally also be designed to compare the current measured by the first current detector and the current measured by the second current detector with a reference value and to determine the monitoring signal taking this comparison into account. This allows the reliability of determining the operating state to be further increased, and additional error states such as wire shorts or insulation faults, which manifest themselves in deviations from expected current values, can be detected.
  • the first and second current detectors preferably each have an internal resistance with respect to direct currents of less than 20 ⁇ , particularly preferably less than 10 ⁇ and in particular less than 5 ⁇ .
  • the internal resistances of the first and second current detectors match to facilitate a direct comparison.
  • the device can in particular be designed for alternative monitoring of two target positions of the field element, for example the end positions of a switch or barrier.
  • the device can be used with a field element with a first and a second limit switch, these limit switches being as explained above Figures 3A-3D are interconnected and connected to the four-wire interface of the field element.
  • the device can have a monitoring target position selection switch, which is designed to switch between a first monitoring state for monitoring a first target position and a second To switch the monitoring state to monitoring a second target location.
  • the monitoring voltage In the first monitoring state, the monitoring voltage is present between the second and third terminals of the four-wire interface, and the second current detector measures the current between the first and fourth terminals, and in the second monitoring state, the monitoring voltage is present between the first and third terminals of the four-wire interface , and the second current detector measures the current between the first and fourth terminals.
  • the first current detector always measures the current through the third connection of the four-wire interface, regardless of the monitoring status.
  • the changeover control is also designed to apply the changeover voltage to the other two connections of the four-wire interface, in particular to the first and third connections, preferably with a fixed polarity.
  • the device is designed in a special way to supply a field element via the four-wire interface with energy for switching from a DC voltage source.
  • the desired target position is coded via the polarity of the changeover voltage at two of the four connections of the four-wire interface. Energy is transferred via all four connections of the four-wire interface to minimize line losses.
  • the device can have a master operating mode switch, which is designed to switch the device between a monitor operating mode and a changeover operating mode, wherein in the monitor operating mode the master operating mode switch connects the monitoring device to the four-wire interface and in the changeover operating mode the master operating mode switch
  • the changeover control connects to the four-wire interface.
  • the changeover voltage and the monitoring voltage are preferably polarized in such a way that they cause currents with opposite current directions through one of the connections of the four-wire interface, preferably the third connection, when a field element is operated with the device.
  • a pole of the monitoring DC voltage source is preferably connected to the relevant connection of the four-wire interface, and in the changeover operating mode, a pole of the changeover DC voltage source is connected to this connection of the four-wire interface, these poles having opposite signs .
  • the device can have a master control which is designed to receive a changeover command from a signal box function for changing the field element to a new target position and, depending on the changeover command, to bring the master operating mode switch from the monitor operating mode to the changeover operating mode as well as to operate the monitoring target position selector switch and the changeover target position selector switch according to the new target position.
  • a master control which is designed to receive a changeover command from a signal box function for changing the field element to a new target position and, depending on the changeover command, to bring the master operating mode switch from the monitor operating mode to the changeover operating mode as well as to operate the monitoring target position selector switch and the changeover target position selector switch according to the new target position.
  • the changeover control can have a changeover current detector for measuring a changeover current that is caused in the field element by the changeover voltage, and the master control can be designed to detect the changeover current detector to record the measured changeover current and, depending on the changeover current, to switch the master operating mode switch back from the changeover operating mode to the monitor operating mode. This is based on the knowledge that the changeover current drops sharply after the changeover process has ended. This drop can be detected by the master control and used to switch the operating mode.
  • the field element also has an element which is non-linear with respect to direct currents and which is arranged in the field element in such a way that a current flowing through the third connection of the four-wire interface flows through it and thereby generates an auxiliary voltage which depends non-linearly on this current.
  • the field element is basically constructed according to the principles as described above based on Figures 3A-3D were explained.
  • a non-linear element generates an auxiliary voltage.
  • the auxiliary voltage can be used in particular to power an auxiliary power supply and/or to charge an energy storage device.
  • auxiliary power supply for example, a device for generating an AC design signal as in EP3643579A1 operate. Further possible uses of the auxiliary voltage are described in more detail below.
  • the field element is therefore designed in a special way to be operated with a DC voltage supply via the four-wire interface and to be controlled by a device of the type described above.
  • the field element can have a rechargeable energy storage device which is designed to charge energy at least in the monitor operating mode of the field element from the auxiliary voltage and, if necessary, deliver additional energy to the motor control.
  • the present invention also provides a railway system which has a field element in its outdoor system and a device for operating the field element of the type specified above in its indoor system.
  • a four-wire cable connects the four-wire interface of the device to the four-wire interface of the field element.
  • the field element has a first limit switch and a second limit switch. The first limit switch assumes a first position when the field element is in a first end position and a second position when the field element is outside the first end position. The second limit switch assumes a first position when the field element is in a second end position and a second position when the field element is outside the second end position.
  • the field element is designed to assume an operating mode in which the limit switches are connected to the four-wire interface of the field element in such a way that the monitoring voltage causes a current that flows through both the first and the second current detector when the first limit switch is in the first position and the second limit switch is in the second position or if the second limit switch is in the first position and the first limit switch is in the second position, and that the monitoring voltage causes a current that flows through the first current detector but not the second current detector, when both the first and second limit switches are in the second position.
  • the field element can in particular be designed as described in more detail above.
  • the system can also have one or more reference resistors which are arranged in the field element and/or in the device for its operation in such a way that they influence currents through the connections of the four-wire interface of the field element, which are caused by the monitoring voltage.
  • at least two reference resistors are present, with at least one of the reference resistors being arranged in the field element and at least one of the reference resistors being arranged in the device, with the reference resistors preferably having the same resistance value. This makes it easier to detect wire shorts and insulation faults.
  • the reference resistors each preferably have a resistance value between 20 and 200 ⁇ .
  • At least a first and second reference resistor are present, wherein the first reference resistor is arranged such that a current flows through it through the first connection of the four-wire interface, and wherein the second reference resistor is arranged such that it is supplied by a Current flows through the second connection of the four-wire interface.
  • a third reference resistor is also present, with the third reference resistor being arranged in such a way that a current flows through it through the fourth connection of the four-wire interface.
  • the first and second reference resistors are preferably arranged in the field element and the third reference resistor is arranged in the monitoring device.
  • Field element is a railway technical facility that is usually located on a railway line and is used to control, signal or monitor the railway line. Field elements can be motor-driven. Examples of motor-driven field elements in stationary railway technology are switches, barriers (level crossings), switching posts and gauge changing systems.
  • Field element control unit (object controller): A field element control unit is assigned to a field element and is used to control and/or monitor the field element.
  • the field element control unit receives commands from an interlocking computer ("interlocking function") and interacts with the assigned field element based on these commands.
  • the field element control unit can be designed to monitor the operating state of the assigned field element and to output a monitoring result to the signal box function.
  • the indoor system The place where a field element control device is arranged is called the indoor system.
  • the indoor facility can, for example, be a signal box room in a traditional signal box architecture.
  • the indoor system can, for example, be a control cabinet that is spatially separated from the signal box between the signal box and the outdoor system or can include such a control cabinet.
  • the control cabinet can be located near the track. At Thales, such a control cabinet is also referred to as a “Trackside Control Unit (TCU)”.
  • TCU Trorackside Control Unit
  • Outdoor facility The place where the field element is located is called the outdoor facility.
  • the sign convention chosen for the current directions is that a current from the indoor system to the outdoor system has a positive sign and a current from the outdoor system to the indoor system has a negative sign.
  • an at least single-pole changeover switch (often referred to as a "single pole changeover switch", SPCO switch) serves as the limit switch, the position of which depends on the operating state of a field element.
  • the changeover switch alternatively connects a middle connection (“Common”, COM) to one of two external connections.
  • the limit switch can be of the “make-before-break” (MBB) or “break-before-make” (BBM) type.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for end position monitoring is explained below using the control and monitoring of a field element in the form of a switch.
  • the switch has a switch drive in the outdoor area. This is connected to a control unit in the indoor system via a four-wire interface. Unlike the example of Fig. 2 However, the required drive energy is not transferred from the control unit to the point drive by feeding in a three-phase alternating voltage via the four-wire interface. Instead, the drive energy is provided by a DC voltage supply.
  • An exemplary embodiment of this type of energy transmission is described below in connection with Figures 6A and 6B explained in more detail.
  • an exemplary embodiment of an end position monitoring device can be illustrated. For reasons of better clarity, Figures 5A to 5D the components for transmitting the drive energy are omitted.
  • three reference resistors R ref ,1 , R ref ,2 and R ref ,4 are provided in this exemplary embodiment.
  • two of these reference resistors namely R ref ,1 and R ref ,2 , are arranged in the external system (ie in or near the point drive) and connected to the respective center connection of the limit switches m1 and m2.
  • the reference resistor R ref ,1 is in a line to connection X1 of the four-wire interface
  • the reference resistor R ref ,2 is in a line to connection X2.
  • the third reference resistor, R ref, 4 is arranged in the indoor system (ie at the control device).
  • the reference resistor R ref , 4 is located in a line to the connection X4, so that the current flows through the connection X4 through this reference resistor.
  • the reference resistor R ref , 4 does not directly replace the winding L3 Fig. 2 , which is located in the outdoor system and is connected to connection X3 of the four-wire interface.
  • a four-core cable runs between the indoor system and the outdoor system, each of which has a cable resistance R line .
  • a DC voltage source 210 which provides a monitoring voltage U sup , and a first low-resistance current detector 211 is connected in series with the DC voltage source 210, so that it determines the current I 1 flowing through the connection X3.
  • a second low-resistance current detector 213 is provided. This is connected in series with the reference resistor R ref , 4 and determines the current I 2 flowing through the connection X4.
  • the output signals of the two current detectors 211, 213 are led to an evaluation device 215, which compares these output signals with one another and with reference values in order to draw conclusions about the operating state of the switch.
  • a monitoring target position selector switch 214 in the form of a relay with a two-pole changeover switch (“Double Pole Double Throw [DPDT] Switch” or “Double Pole Changeover [DPCO] Switch”) connects, depending on the position, the pole of the DC voltage source 210 that is not connected to X3 with the connection X1 of the four-wire interface and the connection of the current detector 213 that is not connected to X4 with the connection X2, or vice versa.
  • the position of this target position selector switch 214 determines which of the two end positions (left or right end position) should be monitored.
  • a non-linear component in the form of a Zener diode (nowadays usually referred to as a Zener diode) D1 is located in the external system (ie in or near the point drive) in a line to connection X3.
  • the monitoring voltage U sup and the Z diode D1 are polarized relative to one another in such a way that the Z diode D1 is flowed through in the reverse direction, so that a breakdown voltage drops across it, which forms an auxiliary voltage U aux .
  • An auxiliary power supply 14 is connected in parallel to the Zener diode, the function of which is related to the Fig. 6 will be explained in more detail. Part of the current I 1 feeds the auxiliary power supply 14, another part flows through the Zener diode D1.
  • the auxiliary voltage U aux depends only slightly on the current portion that flows through the Zener diode and can therefore be viewed as constant in a first approximation. This arrangement makes it possible to supply the auxiliary power supply 14 with an electrical power whose maximum, in a first approximation, corresponds to the product of the auxiliary voltage U aux and the current I 1 .
  • the auxiliary voltage U aux is preferably in the range of 5%-60% of the monitoring voltage U sup , in absolute numbers preferably between 3 and 30 V.
  • the outdoor system has a higher impedance than the indoor system and is thereby determining the current, unlike in the prior art Figures 4A and 4B , where the indoor system has a higher resistance and therefore determines the current.
  • the switch takes its left end position.
  • the limit switches m1, m2 are in the position Fig. 3A
  • the target position selector switch 214 is in the left position, in which the end position monitoring device checks whether the field element actually occupies the left end position.
  • the current caused by the monitoring voltage U sup flows through all three reference resistors and all four wires of the connecting cable.
  • the field element assumes its right end position.
  • the limit switches m1, m2 are in the position Fig. 3B
  • the target position selector switch 214 is in the right position, in which the end position monitoring device checks whether the field element actually occupies the right end position.
  • the currents I 1 and I 2 take the same values as in Fig. 5A and accordingly it can be concluded in the same way that the right end position is correct.
  • the field element is in transit from the right to the left end position or in an opened state out of the left end position.
  • An opened state is when a switch with a correct end position is driven incorrectly from the point heart. The turnout tongue is pushed away by the wheel flange. The same switching condition can also result from “not reaching the end position”.
  • the cause can be jammed stones, mechanical adjustment errors, mechanical distortion or malfunctions in the limit switches m1 and m2.
  • the circuit now only contains the DC voltage source 210, the current detector 211, the Zener diode D1, the reference resistor R ref,2 and two wires for the connections X2 and X3 of the four-wire interface.
  • I 1 558 mA
  • I 2 0.
  • the current I 1 is therefore significantly more than twice as high as when the end position was reached, and the current I 2 is zero.
  • the evaluation device 215 determines whether the current I 2 is actually zero and whether the current I 1 is in the expected range, and thus concludes that the cut state exists.
  • this arrangement can also be used to detect wire shorts between the individual wires in the connecting cable or insulation faults. All possible combinations of wire connections result in current values I 1 and I 2 that deviate from the current values in the end positions.
  • the evaluation device 215 can accordingly be designed to compare these current values with reference values in order to determine and localize wire shorts or insulation faults, ie to assign a detected wire short to a pair of lines. In the present arrangement, this is made easier by the fact that the reference resistor R ref , 4 is located in the indoor system, while the other two reference resistors R ref , 1 and R ref , 2 are located in the outdoor system, so that in the case of certain wire connections, these reference resistors each current no longer flows through it after the operating state.
  • some possible wire shorts (X2 to X3 or X1 to X3) cause a short circuit in which only the DC voltage source 210 and the current detector 211 are in the circuit.
  • the DC voltage source 210 can be equipped with a current limiting function.
  • a fourth reference resistor can be provided in the indoor system in the line to connection X3, which limits the short-circuit current.
  • a control unit 20 in the indoor system includes, on the one hand, a monitoring device 21 and, on the other hand, a changeover control 22.
  • a master operating mode switch 23 in the form of a isolating relay with a four-pole changeover switch connects the outdoor system either to the monitoring device 21 ("monitoring operation") or the changeover control 22 ( “conversion operation”).
  • the master operating mode switch 23 is actuated by means of a master control 25, which receives digital control commands from a signal box function.
  • the monitoring device 21 of the indoor system is as in the Figures 5A and 5B constructed, and the above statements are referred to Figures 5A and 5B referred. For reasons of better clarity, the evaluation device 215 was in the Fig. 6A omitted.
  • the changeover control 22 includes a high-power DC voltage source 220, which provides a drive voltage U D.
  • the drive voltage U D has the same amount as the monitoring voltage U sup .
  • a changeover current detector 221 is connected in series with the DC voltage source 220. The changeover current detector 221 outputs an output signal, which depends on the current I D through the changeover current detector 221, to the master controller 25.
  • the connection X3 of the four-wire interface is connected to the negative pole of the DC voltage source 220 in changeover mode, the connection The polarity of the connections X2 and X4 depends on the desired direction of rotation or the target position: To change towards the left end position, the connection Polarity reversed.
  • a two-pole changeover switch connected as a pole inverter is used for this purpose, which is referred to below as the changeover target position selector switch 224 and which is connected to the monitoring target position selector switch 214 of the end position monitoring device 21 is forcibly coupled and is actuated together with this as a common relay 24 by the master control 25.
  • the target position is not determined by the phase position of a three-phase alternating voltage at the connections X1, X2 and X3, but rather by the polarity of a direct voltage at the connections X2 and X4.
  • the direction of the current that flows through the connection X3 in monitoring mode is opposite to the direction of the current that flows through this connection in the changeover mode. This enables the components of the point drive in the outdoor system to recognize in which operating mode the point drive should be operated without the need for another wire in the cable 30 to transmit this information.
  • control unit 20 in the indoor system codes the operating mode by the direction of the current through the connection X3 and the target position in the changeover mode by the polarity of a direct voltage at the connections X2 and X4.
  • the field element 12 in the outdoor system has a two-pole changeover switch 123, which serves to switch the field element between the monitoring mode and the changeover mode depending on the direction of the current through the connection X3.
  • the changeover switch 123 connects the connections X2 and Together, the changeover switch 123 and the control elements 142, 143 form a field element operating mode switch in the outdoor system.
  • the motor control 121 controls a DC motor 120.
  • the DC motor is preferably a brushless motor with Hall element-controlled electronic commutation.
  • the motor controller 121 has several connections as follows. Two connections DP+ and DP- are used to supply energy to the motor control in changeover mode. In changeover mode, these connections are connected to the connections X1-X4 of the four-wire interface via diodes D7 and D8 in such a way that regardless of the selected target position (i.e. regardless of the polarity of the connections X2 and Both connections of the four-wire interface carry the current flowing in the opposite direction from the negative connection DP- (namely X3 and, depending on the target position, X4 or X2). This even distribution of the supply current to the four connections of the four-wire interface minimizes line losses in the individual wires of the connecting cable 30 between the indoor system and the outdoor system.
  • Two “Uml” connections are used to detect the desired target position based on the polarity between the connections X2 and X4 of the four-wire interface. Depending on which of these two connections a positive voltage is present, the desired target position and thus the desired direction of rotation of the motor 120 are determined.
  • Two further “EL” connections are used to detect whether the desired target position has actually been reached (end position detection). Based on the voltages at these connections, the motor control 121 recognizes which position the limit switches m1, m2 are in.
  • An auxiliary power supply 14 is supplied with a voltage U aux by a bipolar nonlinear element (specifically: an arrangement of two series-connected Z diodes D2, D3 with opposite polarity) and a bridge rectifier 141.
  • the auxiliary power supply 14 supplies, in particular, the two actuating elements 142, 143 with energy.
  • the actuators 142, 143 sense the direction of current through the bipolar nonlinear element by sensing the polarity of the voltage across that element, thereby determining the direction of current through the terminal X3 of the four-wire interface. If the current direction is positive, the actuating element 142 actuates the changeover switch 123 in such a way that it reaches the position for monitoring operation. If the current direction is negative, the actuating element 143 actuates the changeover switch 123 in such a way that it moves into the position for changeover operation, and at the same time transmits a signal to the motor control 121 that the changeover should begin.
  • a rechargeable energy storage device 144 (eg a rechargeable battery) is also provided, which supplies the engine control 121 with power in the changeover mode Drive energy supported.
  • the energy storage is continuously charged by the actuating element 142 in monitoring mode and can deliver energy to the motor control 121 in the changeover mode.
  • Such an energy storage device is particularly useful for long lines between the indoor and outdoor systems, where the line losses in changeover operation can be significant, since the supply voltage U D is relatively low and the currents through the cable 30 are therefore relatively high.
  • Two diodes D3, D4 ensure that in changeover mode a current can flow from connection X1 to connection X3 through the outdoor system, while in monitoring mode a current is led from connection X3 to the end position contacts m1, m2.
  • both the master operating mode switch 23 of the indoor system and the field element operating mode switch of the outdoor system with the changeover switch 123 are in the position for monitoring operation.
  • the master control device 25 receives a command to change to a new target position.
  • the master control device 25 now controls the elements 23 and 24 in such a way that the new target position is set with the target position selector switches 214, 224 and the master operating mode switch 23 is brought into the position for changeover operation.
  • the motor control 121 now receives, on the one hand, a signal for switching from the actuating element 143 and, on the other hand, is supplied with drive energy for the drive motor 120 via the four-wire interface.
  • the motor control 121 determines the desired target position based on the voltages at the “Uml” connections.
  • the motor control 121 now controls the motor 120 so that it starts smoothly in the required direction. After a certain time or a certain number of motor revolutions (or commutator pulses), the motor control 121 reduces the speed of the motor 120 until the limit switches m1, m2 of the motor control 121 signal at the "EL" connections that the desired end position has been reached.
  • the motor control 121 now stops the motor 120.
  • the motor control 121 therefore draws massively less energy via the four-wire interface.
  • the changeover current detector 221 in the changeover controller 22 detects a greatly reduced current I D .
  • the corresponding signal from the changeover current detector 221 causes the master controller 25 to return the master operating mode switch 23 to the position for monitoring operation. As a result, the direction of the current through the connection
  • controlled semiconductor switching elements such as MOSFETs can also be used instead of mechanical switches.
  • Zener diodes other non-linear elements can also be used, which enable the decoupling of an auxiliary voltage U aux .
  • all polarities can be reversed as long as the flow directions of the diodes are adjusted accordingly.
  • the monitoring voltage U sup and the drive voltage U D can be different.
  • the drive voltage U D must be higher than the monitoring voltage U sup in order to reduce the currents through the cable 30 during the changeover operation and thereby minimize line losses. This can be particularly useful with a long cable 30.
  • the end position monitoring device can also be operated with just a single current detector; However, this is associated with a reduction in the informative value of the monitoring results.
  • the number of reference resistors can vary from three, but there should be at least one reference resistor to avoid a short circuit. At least two reference resistors are preferably used, which are arranged in such a way that the current flows through them through the connections X1 and X2.
  • the drive motor 120 is preferably a brushless, electronically commutated DC motor, other types of motors also come into consideration.
  • it can also be an AC motor, and the motor controller 121 can accordingly have an inverter that generates an AC voltage for the motor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
EP22163470.2A 2022-03-22 2022-03-22 Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils Pending EP4249345A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22163470.2A EP4249345A1 (fr) 2022-03-22 2022-03-22 Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22163470.2A EP4249345A1 (fr) 2022-03-22 2022-03-22 Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4249345A1 true EP4249345A1 (fr) 2023-09-27

Family

ID=80930419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22163470.2A Pending EP4249345A1 (fr) 2022-03-22 2022-03-22 Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4249345A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB925427A (en) * 1961-02-15 1963-05-08 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to railway point-operating arrangements
DE2607328A1 (de) * 1976-02-23 1977-08-25 Siemens Ag Steuer- und ueberwachungsschaltung fuer drehstrom-weichenantriebe
EP0052759A2 (fr) * 1980-11-19 1982-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif dans un poste électronique d'aguillage pour l'alimentation et le télécontrôle de la commande d'aiguilles
DE3715478C2 (fr) * 1987-05-06 1989-02-16 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De
EP3643579A1 (fr) 2018-10-23 2020-04-29 Thales Rail Signalling Solutions AG Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'un aiguillage

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB925427A (en) * 1961-02-15 1963-05-08 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to railway point-operating arrangements
DE2607328A1 (de) * 1976-02-23 1977-08-25 Siemens Ag Steuer- und ueberwachungsschaltung fuer drehstrom-weichenantriebe
EP0052759A2 (fr) * 1980-11-19 1982-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif dans un poste électronique d'aguillage pour l'alimentation et le télécontrôle de la commande d'aiguilles
DE3715478C2 (fr) * 1987-05-06 1989-02-16 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De
EP3643579A1 (fr) 2018-10-23 2020-04-29 Thales Rail Signalling Solutions AG Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'un aiguillage

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0667009B1 (fr) Commutateur a gradins a entrainement par moteur
DE10139318C2 (de) Verfahren zur Fehlererkennung in einem elektrischen Strahlennetz, eine Anwendung des Verfahrens und eine Anordnung zur Fehlererkennung in einem elektrischen Strahlennetz
DE102009014130A1 (de) Steuerungssystem für eine Trennwandanlage
EP2196292A2 (fr) Robot industriel et procédé de fonctionnement d'un robot industriel
EP3188924B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un réseau électrique dans un véhicule ferroviaire et véhicule ferroviaire
EP3643579A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'un aiguillage
EP4249345A1 (fr) Fonctionnement d'un élément sur le terrain dans une installation technique ferroviaire au moyen d'une interface à quatre fils
DE3521164A1 (de) Ueberwachungseinrichtung
EP0984130B1 (fr) Entraínement automatique pour des portes
DE102018126787B4 (de) Ladestation für Elektrofahrzeuge mit mindestens zwei Ladeanschlüssen und einer wahlweise auf diese schaltbare Leistungselektronikeinheit
DE2607328C3 (de) Steuer- und Überwachungsschaltung für Drehstrom-Weichenantriebe
DE19606894C2 (de) Einrichtung zur signaltechnisch sicheren Steuerung und Überwachung elektrischer Verbraucher im Eisenbahnwesen
DE3638681A1 (de) Einrichtung zum fernueberwachen von drehstromweichenantrieben
EP2827153A1 (fr) Détermination d'un sens de rotation de moteur
DE102015217952A1 (de) Energieversorgungseinrichtung für einen Weichenantrieb und Verfahren zur Energieversorgung und Steuerung eines Weichenantriebs
AT413307B (de) Digitaleingabebaugruppe
EP1607301B1 (fr) Procédé pour la détection de court circuits entre les conducteurs pour aiguillages
DE968644C (de) Schaltung fuer reversierbare, mit Drehstrom betriebene elektromotorische Antriebe in Eisenbahnsicherungsanlagen
DE807952C (de) Drehstromschaltung fuer elektromotorische Antriebe von Weichen, Signalen, Fahrsperren, Schranken usw.
EP1724177A1 (fr) Circuit, commande et système pour contrôler les lames d'aiguille de chemin de fer
DE240159C (fr)
WO2023198407A1 (fr) Dispositif de surveillance pour courants hautement dynamiques, en particulier pour la surveillance de courants de traction
DE2005249C3 (de) Anordnung zum Steuern und Überwachen von Streckeneinrichtungen, insbesondere Weichen, über größere Entfernungen von einem zentralen Stellwerk aus bei elektrifizierten Eisenbahnen
DE102005046374B3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Detektieren eines Ausfalls einer gemeinsamen Sicherung, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE330958C (de) UEberwachungseinrichtung fuer Wegeschranken

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20231025

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR