EP4248528A1 - Modulverbinder und berührschutzelement - Google Patents
Modulverbinder und berührschutzelementInfo
- Publication number
- EP4248528A1 EP4248528A1 EP21810358.8A EP21810358A EP4248528A1 EP 4248528 A1 EP4248528 A1 EP 4248528A1 EP 21810358 A EP21810358 A EP 21810358A EP 4248528 A1 EP4248528 A1 EP 4248528A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dome
- collar
- connector according
- connecting part
- lateral surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
- H01R4/305—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member having means for facilitating engagement of conductive member or for holding it in position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/06—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
- F16B37/061—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting by means of welding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/51—Connection only in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
- H01M50/517—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/06—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
- H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the subject relates to a connector, in particular a module connector, in particular a battery module connector for vehicles with an electric drive.
- connection of electrically conductive components is always critical with regard to the electrical contact resistance on the one hand and the necessary protection against accidental contact on the other. Particularly in the case of components with voltages of more than 12V, preferably more than 48V, special attention must be paid to the protection against accidental contact. This is particularly important in the industrial assembly of battery modules into complete batteries, since the occupational safety of the fitters is very important.
- Battery modules in particular for batteries in drive trains of electrically operated vehicles, are made from battery cells connected in series and in parallel with one another.
- the battery cells within a battery module are connected to one another in series and parallel to one another via cell connectors. Due to the series connection of a large number of battery cells, an output voltage of at least 48V or 60V, for example, is present at the electrically outer cell connectors of a battery module.
- Such output voltages on a battery module are usually unproblematic. Nevertheless, these poles can already be provided with protection against accidental contact.
- the top side of the screw element can be in electrical contact with a live part, so that a voltage flashover can occur on the top side of the screw.
- the screw can be covered with a protective cover to secure it, but screwing is then no longer possible.
- the electrical contact resistance at a connection point is of great importance.
- high currents flow through the electrically conductive connections.
- the power loss increases quadratically with the current and linearly with the contact resistance.
- a low electrical contact resistance is achieved via a large contact area.
- the module connector known from EP 3,419,119 Contact surface only an end face of a connecting part.
- the surface of such an end face is narrowly limited due to the requirement for protection against accidental contact.
- a test finger must not come into contact with the live parts, so that a gap on the insulating housing must not become too large.
- this gap defines the size of the end face and therefore of the contact area.
- the object on which the object was based was to provide a connector which provides safe contact protection on both sides with low contact resistance. This object is achieved by a connector according to claim 1 as well as 21 and 31 as well as a contact protection element according to claim 30
- the connector in question is used for the electrically conductive connection of two electrical components. This includes, for example, connecting an electrical line to an electrical add-on part, for example a battery pole, in particular a battery module, connecting two electrical lines to one another, connecting a module connector to a cell connector or connecting a line to another component.
- an electrical add-on part for example a battery pole, in particular a battery module
- An electrical line can be a flat line, in particular a stranded line or a line made of solid material.
- the electrical line can be formed from an electrically conductive material, in particular from an electrically conductive metallic material.
- the metallic material is preferably copper or a copper alloy.
- the metallic material can also be aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the conductive material can be conductively coated, in particular metallically coated, for example, plated with nickel and/or tinned. A coating with silver, gold or other precious metals is also conceivable.
- the connector has a first connection part which is connected to a second
- Connecting part is electrically conductively connected.
- the second connection part can be complementary to the connector in question.
- the second connection part can be a second electrical line, a connection bracket on an electrical component or an electrical component itself.
- Electrically conductive components of the connector are formed in particular from an electrically conductive material mentioned above.
- the conductive materials mentioned are not only used for the first connection part, but can also be used optionally for the second connection part.
- the conductive materials of the electrically conductive components, in particular the connecting parts and/or the conductors, can be different or identical to one another.
- the first connecting part preferably has a bushing with an axially extending shank with a through opening extending in the axial direction and a collar running in the radial direction. It is also possible for the first connecting part to be pot-shaped with a through-opening extending in the axial direction on the base and the collar.
- the collar is used to connect the connector to an electrical conductor.
- the shank or cup serves to receive a fastening element and to make electrical contact with the second connection part.
- the fastening element and a contact protection element are arranged on the connecting part.
- a non-positive and/or positive connection between the first connecting part and the second connecting part can take place via the fastening element, in particular at least in the axial direction.
- the contact protection element serves to protect the fastening element against unintentional contact, in particular before and during the connection of the two connection parts.
- the fastening element can be guided through the through-opening and point with its bolt in the axial direction in the direction of the second connecting part.
- the contact protection element can be located in the axial direction on the side facing away from the shank Side to be placed on the collar. With the help of the contact protection element, it is possible to secure the fastening element against accidental contact. In particular, this backup should take place during the screwing process. In order to optimize the installation space, however, after the two connecting parts have been connected, the fastening element should be secured against contact on the side facing away from the bolt and the contact protection element should be removable.
- the contact protection element has a dome and that the fastening element is guided in an axially movable manner in the dome.
- the fastener has a radially extending head and an axially extending stud. Fastening means are arranged on the bolt to be connected to the second connection part.
- the fastening means of the fastening element can be formed from a thread, a bayonet lock, a rotary lock or the like. To connect the two connecting parts to one another, the fastening element can be moved about the axial axis, in particular by means of screwing movements.
- the fastening element can therefore also be referred to as a screw element. If screws, screw elements or the like are mentioned in the following, all conceivable fastening means are always to be understood by this.
- the head bear against at least parts of an inner lateral surface of the dome.
- the dome is shaped in such a way that the fastening element is held captive in the contact protection element before it is screwed in, at least in the axial direction. be held in particular with his head non-positively on parts of the inner surface of the dome.
- the frictional connection is in particular such that the fastening element can be displaced in the axial direction by means of a tool and is mounted so that it can rotate about the axial axis.
- the fastening element By fixing the head in the Dom, the fastening element can be inserted into the dome, but it does not slip suddenly through the dome onto possibly live parts of the first and/or second connecting part.
- the bolt In the fixed state in the dome, the bolt is at a distance from the first and/or second connecting element in the axial and/or radial direction. This also applies if the contact protection element is fixed to the connecting element.
- the inner lateral surface of the dome is profiled along a section in the axial direction, i.e. in a longitudinal section through the dome, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fastening element and in particular in the direction of movement of the fastening element in the axial direction when connecting, the inner lateral surface has a profile such as this that the opening cross-section of the dome varies.
- the opening cross section can also be referred to as the diameter or the free diameter or the clear width of a passage opening of the mandrel on its inner lateral surface.
- the fastening element in particular the head of the fastening element, depending on its axial position during connection with a variable radial force dependent on the axial position of the fastening element relative to the dome, can rest inward on the inner lateral surface of the dome.
- the fixation of the fastening element is advantageous since this can be assembled together with the contact protection element as a subassembly. After the contact protection element is fixed at the assembly position, in particular on the first connecting part, as will be described below, the contact protection element together with the fastening element is captively mounted there.
- Another advantage of the radial spread of the dome in the The holding area lies in the fact that the dome in the locking area presses radially inwards as a result of this force acting radially outwards.
- the fastening element on the holding area exerts a torque on the lateral surface of the dome, which causes the lateral surface of the dome on the opposite side in the longitudinal direction, i.e. the locking area, to be pressed inwards with a force and thus locking is improved.
- the fastening element Before the connection is made, the fastening element is mechanically secured within the contact protection element, so that it does not come into contact with live parts. During the connection, the fastening element, since it lies within the dome, is protected from being touched by the wall of the dome. At the end of the connection, particularly if the fastening element is fixed to the second connection part and is subject to stress, the contact protection element can be removed. In this case, protection against contact is provided in that the head of the fastening element has an electrically insulating coating on its side opposite the bolt. The contact protection element thus has a contact protection function during the connection of the fastening element and, on the other hand, can be removed after the connection in order to optimize the installation space.
- the fastening element or the bolt of the fastening element is held in the contact protection element before connection in such a way that it does not come into contact with live parts, in particular not with the first connection part and/or the second connection part, insulation of the bolt can be assumed or any other contact protection at the tip of the bolt can be dispensed with. It is therefore also possible to equip the bolt with large diameters, since there is no need for contact protection that would take up too much space. Only the outer diameter has to be adapted to a larger bolt, but the installation height is usually the more relevant dimension.
- the inner lateral surface of the dome is profiled in a longitudinal section. An opening cross section defined by the inner lateral surface of the dome thus varies according to the profiling.
- the dome In the area of a first face of the dome, in particular in an area facing away from the collar, the dome has a holding area.
- the opening cross section of the dome in the holding area is such that the fastening element is held in an axial position with its head.
- the inner lateral surface of the mandrel exerts a radially inward-pointing force on the peripheral surface of the head, so that it is preferably held in position by friction.
- An axial force that exceeds the weight of the fastener is therefore necessary in order to overcome the frictional resistance and the fastener to move his head out of the holding area in the axial direction.
- the holding area is thus the
- the peripheral surface of the head is at least partially in contact with the inner lateral surface of the mandrel in the holding area.
- the holding area preferably has at least the same axial extension as the head, in particular the peripheral surface of the head.
- the head of the fastening element is preferably held in the dome with a press fit.
- the contact protection element together with the fastening element held in the holding area can be put together as an assembly and fixed to the first connecting part as described below.
- the fixation on the first connection part can be such that the contact protection element is captively held on the first connection part, in particular by means of a form fit.
- the profiling of the inner lateral surface of the dome can be such that the contact protection element can be detached from the connecting part by an axial displacement of the fastening element within the dome, in particular in that a form fit between the contact protection element and the first connecting part is canceled by an axial displacement of the fastening element.
- the area of the dome that is axially opposite the holding area in particular has an expansion area.
- the opening cross section of the mandrel is tapered, in particular smaller than the opening cross section in the holding area.
- the expansion area faces the collar of the connecting part. The expansion area is such that the fastening element with its head exerts a radially outward-pointing force on the lateral surface of the dome when the head is in the expansion area.
- the wall of the dome is preferably axially slotted in the expansion area.
- a radially outward force exerted by the head on the wall of the mandrel in the expansion area leads to an elastic expansion of the opening cross-section of the mandrel and to a rocking of the wall around a deflection point, which is in the transition area, as will be described below.
- This spreading can release a form fit between the dome and the connecting element. The spreading can be done with less force due to the slit.
- the wall of the mandrel is preferably moved radially inward in the holding area. Conversely, when the holding area is spread, the wall of the mandrel is moved radially inwards in the spread area.
- a transition area can lie between the expansion area and the holding area in the axial direction.
- This transition area has an opening cross section that is larger than that of the holding area and the spreading area, so that the head is guided in it with a loose fit.
- the loose fit means that the fastener in the axial direction in Can be moved essentially without friction losses.
- a rotation of the fastening element in the transition region is preferably possible essentially without friction of the fastening element, in particular of the head, on the inner lateral surface of the mandrel.
- the head is preferably guided with a loose fit in the opening cross section.
- the largest diameter of the head is preferably smaller than the smallest diameter of the opening cross section in the transition area.
- segments of the mandrel that are separated from one another by the axial slots can be connected to one another in the slots by webs running between the segments.
- the dome Starting from an upper end face, the dome extends in the axial direction over the holding area, the transition area and the expansion area to a lower end face.
- the dome In the area of the lower end face, the dome can have a flange pointing radially outwards.
- the dome In the area of the lower end face, the dome can have at least two, preferably at least four or more slots running axially in the wall of the dome, starting from the lower end face and extending in particular over the expansion area, in particular up to the transition area.
- the slots divide the wall of the dome into segments. In particular, the segments are distributed over equal angular sections of the dome. In particular, four or more segments are provided. The segments are connected to each other via webs in the slots.
- the opening cross section of the dome is delimited by the inner lateral surface of the wall of the dome.
- the opening cross section in the transition area is larger than the opening cross section in the expansion area and the opening cross section in the holding area.
- the opening cross section in the holding area is preferably larger than the smallest opening cross section in the spreading area.
- Conical or channel-shaped profiles can be provided at the transitions between the individual areas, so that an essentially stepless transition is formed between the areas and thus the head can slide between the individual areas in the axial direction without tilting.
- a positive connection can be formed between them.
- a locking element on the outer and/or inner end edge of the lower end face of the contact protection element and a locking element on the side of the collar facing the contact protection element can engage behind one another.
- a locking element is arranged on the surface of the collar assigned to the dome, which locking element corresponds to, in particular is complementary to, a locking element arranged on the lower end face of the dome.
- the locking elements engage behind each other in the radial direction.
- the locking elements can be formed in the manner of snap closures, each with opening cross sections that increase in the radial direction. When the locking elements are pushed together, the undercuts lock into one another.
- the locking element of the dome is spread radially outwards when it is pushed together and when it is locked, the locking element of the dome springs radially inwards behind the locking element on the collar and a form fit is formed.
- the contact protection element can be pressed against the collar with an axial pressure force to connect to the first connection part and the locking elements lock with one another, so that the contact protection element is held on the collar in an essentially captive manner.
- the locking of the locking elements can be alternative or cumulative be improved by the fastening element pushed into the holding area As described above, the head of the fastening element presses the dome radially apart in the holding area, whereby the dome is radially compressed in the locking area. This results in mutual securing between the locking element and the contact protection element.
- the fastening element is first inserted, in particular pressed, into the contact protection element in the axial direction.
- the fastening element may then first sit loosely on the inner lateral surface of the dome in the holding area. If the assembly consisting of the fastening element and the contact protection element is then latched onto the connecting part, this takes place with greater force. Subsequently, the fastening element is also held correspondingly better in the holding area and the contact protection element can only be released again with great effort as long as the fastening element is seated in the holding area.
- this locking can be released by spreading the wall of the dome when the fastening element is axially displaced into the expansion area, and the contact protection element can be removed from the collar without tools.
- the locking elements are such that the contact protection element in the locked state cannot be detached from the collar in a non-destructive manner without being spread by the fastening element.
- the head of the fastening element in the holding area presses the wall of the dome outwards, this causes a radially inward-pointing force on the wall of the dome in the expansion area and therefore in the area of the locking elements. This fixes them with an additional force.
- the head is in the expansion area, the expansion of the wall of the dome caused by the head of the fastening element pushes the locking element of the dome radially outwards. This allows the locking with the locking element of the connecting part to be released.
- the contact protection element can then be removed from the collar without tools and without destroying it.
- the fastening element is guided into the expansion area during connection.
- the head of the fastening element presses against the inner wall of the mandrel in the expansion area with a radially outward force. Due to the narrowing of the radius of the opening cross section, there is an elastic deformation of the dome in the expansion area, in which the wall of the dome is pressed outwards. If the taper of the radius is greater than or equal to the extent of the overlap of the undercuts, the elastic deformation during the expansion means that the undercuts no longer engage behind each other in the expanded state.
- the contact protection element can be removed from the first connecting part without tools. Only the frictional force that the head of the fastening element exerts on the inner lateral surface of the mandrel in the expansion area has to be overcome in order to remove the fastening element.
- the bolt of the fastening element protrudes into the socket or cup of the first connection part.
- the inner lateral surface of the through-opening and/or the socket of the connecting part can have an electrically insulating coating, so that the bolt of the fastening element does not come into contact with the material of the first connecting part
- an axial extension of the transition area or of the transition area and the expansion area is less than an axial extension of the bolt.
- the fastening element is inserted into the contact protection element, it is inserted into the dome with the bolt first.
- the head is inserted through an opening on the upper end face, which tapers into the dome in the axial direction.
- the taper of the opening cross-section of the dome can be such that the Opening cross-section is smaller than the diameter of the head.
- the wall of the mandrel can be spread elastically radially outwards.
- the opening of the dome can widen outwards in the axial direction next to the taper in the radial direction.
- the holding area begins at the radial widening of the opening, in the axial direction behind the narrowing. The head can thus be inserted into the holding area in the manner of a snap connection.
- the head Due to the radial widening, the head can hit the wall of the narrowing in the axial direction. The head is then held in the holding area by the radial widening, so that the fastening element is held in the axial direction in the direction of the upper end face in the contact protection element.
- the bolt protrudes beyond the lower face of the dome.
- the fastening element can be pushed onto the first connecting part together with the contact protection element, in particular inserted into the through-opening.
- the bolt can be used to align this assembly on the first connection part, in particular by threading the bolt with its protruding area into the through-opening of the first connection part.
- the contact protection element can latch with the first connecting part in the manner described above.
- the inner lateral surface of the socket in particular the inner lateral surface of the through-opening, is preferably coated in an insulating manner, so that the bolt of the fastening element does not come into contact with an electrically conductive part when it is threaded into the through-opening.
- the assembled assembly of contact protection element, fastening element and first connection part can then be aligned with the second connection part.
- the dome be slotted in the expansion area.
- the slots preferably run in the axial direction.
- the Slots are preferably arranged at equidistant angular distances from one another on the dome. The slots allow the wall of the mandrel to expand radially outward when the head of the fastener pushes outward on the inner wall of the mandrel in the expansion area.
- the dome is preferably slotted from the expansion area to the holding area.
- the slots preferably run in the axial direction.
- the segments of the dome that are spaced apart from one another by the slots are preferably connected to one another via webs.
- the webs preferably run in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the dome.
- the webs are preferably formed in one piece with the material of the segments of the dome. The webs act in the manner of a hinge or a deflection point between the holding area and the spreading area.
- This hinge function of the webs allows the locking elements to "rocker" around them. This means that the fastening element can be inserted into the contact protection element with little axial force.
- the rocker function means that the holding area expands radially and the expansion area simultaneously expands radially inwards As a result, the assembly consisting of the fastening element and the contact protection element can be easily joined.
- the rocker can no longer open in the expansion area without an increased radial force. If the assembly consisting of the fastening element and contact protection element is now locked on the connecting part, this is done by spreading the locking elements radially outwards by applying an axial force to the dome. If the dome opens like a trumpet in the expansion area, this facilitates radial expansion due to an axial contact pressure.
- the expansion area is then pressed outwards by the connecting part, as is the holding area by the fastening element.
- the fastener and touch protection element secure each other.
- the Touch protection element sits securely on the connecting part and cannot fall off during transport.
- the rocker function Only when the fastening element is moved from the holding area into the transition area during later fixing to the second connecting part does the rocker function again.
- the holding area can then be moved radially inwards, which facilitates a radial movement or spreading outwards of the spreading area. After spreading, the contact protection element can be easily removed.
- the locking element on the dome is in the expansion area, in particular in the area of the lower end face.
- the axial position of the expansion area and the locking element of the dome can be the same on the longitudinal axis of the contact protection element. This means that a spreading of the mandrel in the spreading area causes the greatest possible spreading of the locking element; in particular, both the locking element and the spreading area are aligned towards the lower end face.
- Both the expansion area and the locking element can be formed at least partially circumferentially.
- the locking element is in particular a circumferential ring, interrupted by the axial slots.
- the expansion area is in particular a circumferential, inward-pointing projection on the inner lateral surface of the mandrel, interrupted by the axial slots.
- the bolt be in the form of a screw or threaded bush.
- the bolt can be screwed, both as a plug and as a socket.
- a bayonet lock, a rotary lock or the like can also be formed on the bolt.
- the connection elements are preferably fastened by the fastening element in such a way that the bolt is rotated about its longitudinal axis during fastening. As a result, the bolt is displaced in the axial direction. That means, that the connection leads to an axial displacement of the head arranged on the bolt, so that the head is forced out of the transition area into the expansion area by the connection process. This can be done not only by screw and thread but also by other connection concepts.
- an outer lateral surface of the shank tapers in an axial direction pointing away from the collar.
- the bushing of the first connecting part extends in the axial direction with its through-opening and the wall at least partially surrounding the through-opening.
- the bushing with the through-opening for receiving the bolt is formed on an upper end face in the region of the collar.
- the through-opening of the bush has a first opening cross-section there, which approximately corresponds to the cross-section of the bolt. Starting from this first opening cross section, the through opening of the bushing extends in the longitudinal direction towards a lower end face. In the region of the second end face, the through-opening of the bushing has a second opening cross-section which is larger than the first opening cross-section.
- the inner lateral surface of the through-opening of the socket can be coated all around with an insulating material.
- the shaft extends in the direction of the lower end face.
- the shank preferably has a peripheral wall that delimits the through-opening.
- the inner lateral surface of the shank, which delimits the through-opening can have an insulating coating, as described.
- the outer lateral surface of the shank, in particular in a region of the lower end edge, can be tapered in the longitudinal direction, in particular tapered conically.
- the wall thickness decreases in the direction of the lower front edge.
- the outer lateral surface can serve as a contact surface for electrical contact with the second connecting part.
- the lower end edge of the shaft, in particular the lower end face of the shaft can preferably be insulated all around.
- the insulation of the lower end face of the shank and the inner lateral surface of the through-opening can be in one piece, in particular molded on.
- At least parts of the collar can be coated with an insulating material on the upper end face.
- the coating can be in particular in the areas where the head does not rest. This ensures a good contact pressure of the head against the collar. In particular, the head can rest directly on the collar. However, the coating can also be over the entire surface.
- This coating can also be in one piece and in particular in one piece with the coating of the inner lateral surface of the through-opening. In this case, the coated surfaces mentioned above can be coated in a single injection molding process.
- the first connection part can also be formed as a pot. It goes without saying that the second connecting part can in each case be formed in a complementary manner.
- the description of the socket and pot for the first connection part can also be understood as a description of the respective complementary second connection part. The features mentioned thus apply equally to the first and the second connecting part.
- a cup formed by the inner lateral surface of the pot widens in an axial direction pointing away from the collar.
- the pot of the first connecting part extends in the axial direction with its at least partially circumferentially delimiting wall.
- the cup with the through-opening for receiving the bolt is formed on an upper end face in the area of the collar.
- the passage opening of the pot has a first opening cross section there, which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the bolt.
- the bottom of the cup has a cross-section which essentially corresponds to the upper face of the shank of the socket of the second connection part. Starting from the bottom of the pot, in which the through-opening is, the pot extends in the longitudinal direction to a lower one face.
- the outer lateral surface of the pot can be coated all around with an insulating material.
- the inner lateral surface of the pot which delimits the through-opening, can widen in the longitudinal direction, in particular be shaped in a conically widening manner.
- the wall thickness decreases in the direction of the lower front edge.
- the inner lateral surface can serve as a contact surface for electrical contact with the second connection part.
- the lower end edge can preferably be insulated all around.
- the insulation of the lower end face and the outer lateral surface can be integral, in particular injection-molded.
- At least parts of the collar can be coated with an insulating material on the upper end face.
- the coating can be in particular in the areas where the head does not rest. This ensures a good pressing force of the head against the collar. In particular, the head can rest directly on the collar. However, the coating can also be over the entire surface.
- This coating can also be in one piece and in particular in one piece with the coating of the outer lateral surface of the pot. In this case, the coated surfaces mentioned above can be coated in a single injection molding process.
- the collar is coated in an electrically insulating manner on the upper end face, at least in parts, with the locking element preferably being formed in one piece from the coating. Together with the coating, the locking element can also be produced in a single injection molding process.
- the electrically conductive core of the connecting part in particular comprising the socket with collar and shaft, can be inserted into an injection mold as an insert made of a conductive material.
- the insert can then be essentially completely encapsulated with the exception of at least the outer lateral surface of the tapering wall of the shaft. This can be free be from isolation. This surface then serves as a connection surface with the second connection part.
- an electrically insulating collar at least partially surrounds the shaft and is spaced from the outer surface of the shaft in the radial direction, so that an annular space is formed between the collar and the shaft.
- the electrically insulating sleeve can also be formed in one piece with the rest of the insulation.
- the insulation can be formed from an electrically insulating material, in particular a plastic, in particular PVC, PC, PET, PBT, PA, PPA or PPS or the like.
- a thermoset or a liquid-crystalline plastic is also possible.
- the cuff can be molded onto the collar as part of the described injection molding process.
- the cuff is preferably formed completely around the shaft.
- the cuff extends in the axial direction, starting from the collar, along the shank to at least the lower end edge of the shank.
- the cuff and the frontal coating of the socket can end in a common plane.
- the lower face is then completely insulated. Only the annular space between the sleeve and the shaft allows access to the non-insulated outer surface of the shaft.
- the radial distance between the inner edge of the cuff and the outer edge of the shank can be such that it is less than a test standard requires.
- This so-called finger gap is preferably smaller than 3 mm, in particular 2.8 mm, in particular in order to meet the IPXXB standard, DIN EN 60529.
- the socket or pot has a through hole.
- this passage opening preferably has two different opening cross sections.
- the passage opening widens towards the bottom. front edge up.
- a first, smaller opening cross-section can be provided on the upper front edge, on the side facing the collar be provided.
- a larger opening cross section can be provided at an axial distance from the upper front edge towards the lower front edge.
- the inner lateral surface of the through-opening has an at least partially electrically insulating coating.
- the connecting part can be inserted with its peripheral sleeve or the outer surface of the pot.
- the cuff completely surrounds both the shaft.
- the collar preferably protrudes radially beyond the cuff or the pot.
- the collar has an insulating coating on its upper end face and possibly on its peripheral wall.
- the collar can form a flange on a side facing the shaft. This flange can be at least partially uncoated.
- the conductor can also be uncoated around the opening.
- the collar with its flange can be pressed against this uncoated, in particular uninsulated, surface of the conductor.
- the collar On its flange side, the collar preferably has an at least partially circumferential projection which extends axially in the direction of the shank and is spaced radially from the shank. This projection can be used as a welding pad, particularly arcuate or conical in cross section. The welding pad serves to increase the contact pressure of the collar against the conductor in the case of welding the collar to the conductor.
- the connecting part with the cuff or the pot is inserted into the opening.
- the collar rests with its flange on the non-insulated surface of the conductor.
- the connecting part in particular the collar, in particular the flange side of the collar, is pressed axially onto the conductor using a suitable welding tool its axis rotates so that a bond is formed.
- Another connection between the collar and the conductor is also possible, for example by means of resistance welding, laser welding, soldering or the like.
- the collar In order to connect the collar as flush as possible to the insulation of the conductor, in particular to ensure flush, complete insulation, it is proposed that the collar have a radially circumferential, external fold.
- This fold serves to accommodate an insulation of the conductor.
- the fold may also favor overmolding.
- the collar can be placed on the conductor in such a way that the fold is circumferentially spaced on the insulation or rests directly against or on it and the radially inner areas of the collar are flange-like on the non-insulated conductor. The seam should not rest on the insulation if friction welding.
- the head of the fastening element be coated in an electrically insulating manner on its surface facing away from the bolt.
- the fastening element is preferably made of a metallic material. Since this material is electrically conductive and in particular the bolt of the fastening element can come into contact with conductive components when the fastening element is connected to the second connecting part and also when the connecting parts are connected, the head of the fastening element can be coated with an electrically insulating coating.
- a further aspect is a connector, in particular battery module connector, in particular for vehicles with an electric drive according to claim 21.
- This connector comprises a first connecting part as described above, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 20 and a second connecting part.
- the connecting parts can be connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner.
- a first electrically conductive surface is provided on the first connection part on the outer lateral surface of the shaft.
- the second connector is a socket with an axially extending cup-shaped shank and a radially extending collar. Inside the pot-shaped. An axially extending receiving element is provided on the shank. Both the shaft and the collar are formed from a conductive material as described above.
- An inner lateral surface of the shank can be electrically conductive and can be contacted with an outer lateral surface of the shank of the first connecting part.
- the shank of the first connecting part and the shank of the second connecting part can be complementary to one another, so that the shanks can be slid into one another, whereby their inner and outer lateral surfaces can be at least partially brought into electrically conductive, preferably direct contact.
- the shank of the second connecting part can also be understood as a pot.
- the second connection part is complementary to the first connection part.
- the description of the socket and/or pot of the first connection part is therefore analogous to the second connection part and vice versa the description of the second connection part can be applied analogously to the first connection part.
- the cup-shaped shank of the second connecting part opens in an axial direction away from the collar. This widening corresponds to the tapering of the shank of the first connector.
- the second connecting part has a lower face in the area of the collar and an upper face in the area of the shaft. Starting from the collar, the shaft opens towards the upper end face.
- the first connecting part is moved with its lower end face towards the upper end face of the second connecting part.
- the shank of the second connecting part slides into the annular space between the shank of the first connecting part and the sleeve of the first connecting part.
- the shank of the first connector slides into the annular space between the shank of the second connector and the female member.
- the shank of the second connecting part surrounds the receiving element which extends axially inside the shank.
- the receiving element can be formed in one piece with the shank and the collar.
- an upper end face of the shank can be coated in an electrically insulating manner surrounding the receiving element.
- the coating can either lie flat on the end face or, pointing away from the shank in the axial direction, have a preferably essentially circumferential elevation.
- the receiving element is formed at least partially from an electrically insulating material.
- the receiving element can be molded onto the shaft and the collar.
- a connecting section of the receiving element can be made of metal in order to interact with the bolt of the fastening element of the first connecting part.
- a sleeve-shaped insert can be used in the receiving element, this insert preferably being metallic.
- the insert can be used, for example, as a threaded insert in the receiving element. In the assembled state, the central axis of the insert is coaxial to the
- an outer lateral surface of the shank be coated in an electrically insulating manner.
- the shank can have an outer, cylindrical lateral surface.
- An insulation can be attached to this.
- the upper face of the shaft can also be coated with the insulating material.
- the coating can be sprayed onto the shaft together with the material of the receiving element.
- the collar be at least partially uncoated on the side facing the shaft, with the uncoated area being formed as a contact surface for an electrical conductor. In this case, the collar can be completely coated on the side facing away from the shaft.
- the collar of the second connecting part is connected to the electrical conductor via the flange surface facing the shaft, preferably corresponding to the collar of the first connecting element being connected to the electrical conductor, so that full reference is made to the description there.
- the collar can also be at least partially uncoated on the side facing away from the shaft, with the uncoated area being formed as a contact surface for an electrical conductor.
- the collar can be completely coated on the side facing the upper.
- the receiving element or the insert of the receiving element be formed as a threaded bush or as a screw.
- an insert can be formed as a threaded bush.
- the fastening element can then be formed as a screw. It is particularly preferred if the threaded bushing is let into the electrically insulating material of the receiving element.
- a sleeve with an external thread can be slipped onto the receiving element.
- the receiving element of the second connection part. is complementary to the fastening element of the first connection part.
- the insert in particular the threaded bushing, be formed from an electrically conductive material.
- the collar is also preferably formed from an electrically conductive material.
- the threaded bushing has a on its end face and/or on its outer lateral surface electrically insulating coating.
- the end face of the receiving element can also be formed at least partially from an insulating material.
- An opening and an annular gap are formed between the receiving element and the inner lateral surface of the shaft.
- the shaft of the first connecting part can be pushed into this annular gap.
- a distance between the outer lateral surface of the screw element and a front inner edge of the shank can be ⁇ 3mm, for example, so that a test finger cannot come into contact with electrically conductive materials, in particular the inner lateral surface of the shank.
- the contact protection element preferably has a dome and a fastening element that is guided axially in the dome.
- the fastener has a radially extending head and an axially extending stud.
- the head bears against at least parts of an inner lateral surface of the dome.
- the inner lateral surface of the mandrel is profiled along a section in the axial direction.
- the holding area, transition area and spreading area are formed by a corresponding profiling.
- the opening cross section of the dome can vary depending on the axial position.
- Transitions between different radii of the opening cross section can be stepless, in particular due to conical or arcuate widening or narrowing at the radial projections.
- Another aspect is a connector with a first connection part according to
- the shank of the first connecting part engages axially at least partially in the shank of the second connecting part in the area of the electrical conductor.
- the electrical conductors to be connected to one another can be laid one on top of the other. Openings, in particular bores, can be formed in both electrical conductors to accommodate the first or second connecting part.
- the first connector is inserted through the opening of a first conductor and the second connector is inserted through the opening of the second conductor.
- the collars of the two connecting parts can be connected to the respective conductor. In this case, the collars can be connected on opposite sides of the conductor. It is also possible for the second connecting part to be connected to the collar with a conductor on the side facing away from the shaft.
- a contact protection element can then be plugged onto the first connecting part in the manner described.
- the two connecting parts can then be plugged into one another, with the lateral surfaces of the shafts touching one another and forming an electrical transition.
- an electrical transition on the lateral surface of the shafts is proposed here.
- the lateral surfaces that are in contact are preferably at least partially within the conductors to be connected, in particular within the openings in the conductors, at least within the opening of one of the conductors.
- an axial extent of the shaft of the first connecting part and/or the shaft of the second connecting part be smaller than a material thickness of an electrical conductor connected to the collar of the first connecting part and/or a material thickness of an electrical conductor connected to the collar of the second connecting part connected electrical conductor.
- an overall height of the two electrical conductors together is less than an axial extension of the shank of the first connecting part and/or the shank of the second connecting part.
- a further aspect is a handling device for a contact protection element with a fastening element.
- the handling device has a receptacle for the contact protection element and a rotating element for the fastening element.
- the rotating element is rotatably arranged within the receptacle.
- a position sensor is provided with which the axial position of the rotating element in the receptacle can be determined. Through the sensor can be determined from. the rotary member has screwed/unscrewed the fastener.
- the fastening element and/or the receiving element can be designed differently, so that a first pair of fastening element and/or the receiving element has a first mechanical design and a second pair of fastening element and/or the receiving element has a second mechanical design has, so that when attaching the fastener this depending on mechanical design behaves differently.
- this can be the thread pitch.
- a different axial displacement path of the fastening element can be defined per revolution.
- the sensor can then detect which pair has just been attached with the manipulator. This can be relevant, for example, if the minus pole and the plus pole of a battery module are to be assembled/disassembled in a specific order. With the help of the sensor, the handling device can monitor compliance with this sequence and output an error signal if the sequence is incorrect.
- the rotating element is resiliently mounted in the receptacle in the axial direction.
- a torque sensor can also be provided.
- the torque with which the fastening element is tightened depends on whether the fastening element is inserted in the touch protection element or not. In the touch protection element, the torque increases in the holding area and in the spreading area due to the radial clamping, as described above. This monitors whether the contact protection element is present.
- An optical sensor can also be provided on the handling device.
- This sensor can, for example, read an optical identifier, e.g. a bar code, a QR code or a data matrix.
- This identifier can be an identifier for a battery module, for example.
- An identifier of a battery module can thus first be read out with the handling device and then the data from the torque sensor and/or the data from the position sensor can be assigned to this battery module. This makes it possible to associate assembly data with a battery module.
- a presence sensor can also be provided on the handling device, which detects whether there is a contact protection element in the receptacle. Only if this is the case For example, the rotary element can be activated. This ensures that the fastening element can only be assembled/disassembled with a contact protection element. During assembly, it can be checked whether the contact protection element has remained on the handling device after it has been lifted off the screw. During disassembly, it can be checked whether a contact protection element was attached before unscrewing.
- a suction device can also be provided in or on the receptacle. This can be activated when one of the sensors detects that the fastening element is fully fastened and the contact protection element is automatically sucked on/off.
- 1a is an exploded view of a subject connector according to one embodiment
- FIG. 1b shows the view according to FIG. 1a with connecting parts plugged into one another
- FIG. 1c shows the view according to FIG. 1b with the contact protection element latched
- FIG. 1d shows the view according to FIG. 1c with the contact protection element removed
- FIG. 2a shows a longitudinal section through a connector according to FIG. 1a;
- FIG. 2b shows a longitudinal section through a connector according to FIG. 1c in the unscrewed state
- FIG. 2c shows a longitudinal section through a connector according to FIG. 1c in a partially screwed condition
- FIG. 2d shows a longitudinal section through a connector according to FIG. 1c in the completely screwed-in state
- FIG. 2e shows a longitudinal section through a connector according to FIG. 1d;
- Fig. 3 shows a variant of a connector according to Fig. 2d
- Fig. 5a is a view of a socket of a first connector
- FIG. 5b shows a view of an overmolded bushing according to FIG. 5a
- Fig. 5c is a sectional view of the bushing according to Fig. 5a;
- FIG. 5d shows a sectional view of an overmolded bushing according to FIG. 5b;
- Fig. 6a is a view of a socket of a second connector
- FIG. 6b shows a view of an overmolded bushing according to FIG. 6a
- FIG. 6c is a sectional view of the bushing according to FIG. 6a;
- FIG. 6d shows a sectional view of an overmolded bushing according to FIG. 6b
- FIG. 6e shows a sectional view of an overmolded bushing in a variant of FIG. 6d
- FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment with only a first connection part, a contact protection element and a direct connection to a line
- 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment with only a first connection part, a contact protection element and a direct connection to a line
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment with a first connecting part with a laterally fastened line, in particular a round line
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of an interconnection of battery modules.
- Figure 11 is a longitudinal section through a connector of the type shown in Figure 2a;
- Fig. la shows the connection between a first electrical conductor 2 and a second electrical conductor 4 using a first connecting part 6 and a second connecting part 8 and a contact protection element 10 and a fastening element 12.
- the fastening element 12 is shown as a screw interacting with a threaded sleeve.
- the fastening element 12 it is customary for the fastening element 12 to be designed, for example, as a threaded sleeve which interacts with a screw on the second connection part.
- the fastening element 12 is described in the following as a screw element 12, which of course also includes all other conceivable fastening elements, in particular those described above.
- the first connecting part 6 is inserted through an opening in the first conductor 2 and the second connecting part 8 through an opening in the second conductor 4.
- the openings are provided in particular in stripped regions of the conductors 2, 4.
- the contact protection element 10 can be plugged onto the first connecting part 6 in direction 14 .
- the screw element 12 is inserted into the contact protection element 10 in the direction 16 .
- the assembly of the first connecting part 6, contact protection element 10 and Screw element 12 is thus the second in direction 18 on the second conductor
- Fig. 1b shows how the conductors 2, 4 are laid one on top of the other, overlapping one another.
- the connecting parts 6, 8 are inserted through the conductors 2, 4 and plugged into one another with their shafts.
- the contact protection element 10 together with the screw element 12 and conductor 2 can also be plugged onto the first connecting part 6, as will be described below, and latched there.
- the screw element 12 is screwed into the second connecting part 8 until, as shown in FIG. This is done by spreading the contact protection element 10 as will be described below.
- the contact protection element 10 can be removed in direction 20 from the first connecting part 6 without tools.
- the screw element 12 has an electrically insulating coating on the upper side, so that the first connecting part 6 and the screw element 12 have no electrical contact surface on the upper side and thus almost complete protection against accidental contact, in particular IPXXC or IPXXD according to DIN EN 60529, is guaranteed.
- the screw element 12 can be live, in particular due to its contact via the first connecting part 6 with the conductor 2. Since the contact protection element 10 has been removed, contact protection is provided by the insulating coating of the screw element 12 on its conductor 2 facing away surface.
- FIGS. 1a-d It can also be seen in FIGS. 1a-d that webs 31 are provided within the slots 30 .
- the webs 31 connect the segments of the dome 10 to one another.
- the webs 31 serve as a connector and/or as an articulation point for a radial pivoting of the wall of the dome 10.
- the wall of the dome 10 in the holding area and the wall of the dome 10 in the expansion area are pivoted against each other in the radial direction, which facilitates expansion as described and on the other hand improves fixing of the dome 10 to the connecting element 6, as previously described.
- FIG. 2a shows a screw element 12.
- the screw element 12 has a head 12a and a bolt 12b.
- the head 12a has a peripheral, preferably cylindrical lateral surface.
- the bolt 12b extends in an axial direction 22 away from the head 12a.
- FIG 4a shows the screw element 12 on its own. It can be seen that a tool engagement 12c is provided on the head 12a on the side facing away from the bolt 12b.
- This can be a hexagon socket.
- a torx or external hexagon or octagon or Phillips or slot can also be provided.
- the surface of the head 12a facing away from the shaft 12a can have an insulating coating.
- the head 12a has a core formed in one piece with the bolt 12b.
- This core of the head 12a is coated with an insulating coating 12d on the side facing away from the bolt 12b.
- the shape of the tool socket 12c can already be formed in the core of the head 12a or can be formed by the insulating coating 12d.
- the insulation 12d can be molded onto the core of the head 12a.
- a screw element 12 shaped in this way is inserted into a contact protection element 10 in the axial direction 22, as shown in FIG. 2a.
- the contact protection element 10 has a dome 10a.
- the mandrel 10a has an upper face 10b and a lower face 10c.
- the upper end face 10b and lower end face 10c are opposite one another in the axial direction 22 .
- a through opening extends through the dome 10a.
- the 'through-opening is through the wall of the dome 10a limits and has an inner lateral surface 10d.
- the inner lateral surface 10d is profiled in a longitudinal section along the axial direction 22 .
- the passage opening has an opening cross section that widens toward the upper end face 10b.
- the opening cross section is larger at the upper end face 10b than the cross section of the head 12a.
- the screw element 12 can be pushed into the through-opening with the bolt 12b and the head 12a.
- the opening cross section tapers, starting from the upper end face, preferably in such a way that at a distance from the upper end face 10b it is smaller than the cross section of the head 12a.
- a radially outwardly pointing projection 10e is provided in the opening cross section.
- the opening cross section widens radially outwards.
- the screw element 12 can be pushed with the head 12a past the radial projection 10e in the axial direction 22 into the through-opening of the dome 10a. This position is shown in Figure 2b.
- the radial projection 10e forms a stop for the head 12a.
- the head 12a is held in the holding area 24 .
- the opening cross-section in the holding area 24 is equal to or smaller than the cross-section of the head 12a, so that it is held in the holding area 24 with a friction fit.
- This position is shown in Figure 2b.
- the dome 10a exerts a force in the radial direction 27 as shown in FIG. 2b on the head 12a. of the screw element 12 and the screw element 12 is held in the position shown.
- the transition area 26 In the axial direction 22 adjoining the holding area 24 is the transition area 26.
- the screw element 12 In the transition area 26, the screw element 12 can be moved freely in the axial direction 22, as shown in FIG. 2c. If the screw element 12 is moved in the axial direction 22 into the transition region 26, the bolt 12b, as shown in FIG. 2c, engages with the second connecting part 8 and can be screwed to it. When screwing, the screw element 12, the head 12a is thus moved further in the axial direction 22 in the passage opening of the dome 10a. The head 12a then comes into the expansion area 28.
- a projection 28a pointing radially inward is provided on the inner lateral surface 10d.
- the projection 28a can be circumferential, but is preferably interrupted by slots 30.
- the slots 30 extend in
- the slots 30 can extend in the axial direction along the mandrel 10a, preferably completely along the longitudinal axis of the mandrel.
- the segments of the dome 10a separated from one another by the slots 30 can be connected to one another by webs 31.
- the webs 31 are preferably in the transition area 26.
- the contact protection element 10 is formed in one piece.
- the slots 30 have the effect that when the screw element 12 is inserted, the head 12a can slide over the radial projection 10e and the lateral surface is elastically deformed radially outwards, so that the head 12a latches behind the radial projection 10e. With a further movement of the head 12a in the radial direction 22, it comes into contact with the projection 28a. Due to the slots 30, the dome 10a can also be elastically deformed radially outwards in the expansion area 28. The lateral surface of the head 12a presses radially outwards against the inner lateral surface 10d of the mandrel 10a. This spreads radially outward as shown in FIG. 2d.
- the dome 10a Due to the movement of the screw element 12 in the axial direction 22, the dome 10a is spread due to the profiled inner lateral surface 10d. Starting from the projection 28a, the through-opening widens again towards the lower end face 10c. The through hole at the lower end face 10c is equal to or larger than the cross section of the head 12a. This makes it easier to attach the contact protection element 10 to a screwed screw element 12 if it is to be attached to the first locking element 6 in the opposite direction 20 according to FIG.
- the contact protection element 10 has a flange 10f on the lower end face 10c.
- a locking element 32 is provided on the end face of the flange 10f.
- the locking element 32 has radially inwardly pointing undercuts and a gap opening towards the lower end face 10c. Through this gap, the locking element 32 can latch with a corresponding locking element of the first connecting part 6, which will be described below.
- the radial extent 32a of the undercut is preferably less than the radial extent 34 of the projection 28a. As a result, the undercut is completely detached from the first connecting part 6 or its locking element, as shown in FIG. 2e, during expansion.
- the contact protection element 10 thus offers contact protection when screwing the screw element 12 into the connecting parts 6, 8.
- the contact protection element 10 and the insulation 12d protect the user from unwanted. Contact with live parts.
- the contact protection element 10 can be removed, as shown in FIG. 2e. -Electric contact with live parts is impossible even then, since the screw element has an insulating coating on its head 12a.
- the first connector part 6 is formed with a socket 36 comprising a collar 36a and a shank 36b.
- the bushing 36 is formed in one piece and is formed in particular from an electrically conductive material.
- the bushing 36 made of the electrically conductive material is shown in more detail in FIGS. 5a and c.
- the collar 36a extends radially outward.
- the shank 36b extends in the radial direction 22 away from the collar 36a.
- On the side of the collar 36a facing the shaft 36b, the latter has a contact surface 36c.
- the contact surface 36c is formed like a flange.
- the collar 36a has a fold 36d.
- the fold 36d serves to cover the insulation on the conductor 2.
- the fold 36d is also an aid to overmolding. It forms an easily usable sealing surface in the injection molding tool.
- the shank 36b tapers on its outer lateral surface 38, preferably in the shape of a truncated cone.
- the bushing 36 has a through opening 40.
- the through opening 40 extends with a first opening cross section along the collar 36a. In a transition area between the collar 36a and the shank 36b, the opening cross-section of the through-opening 40 increases.
- the bushing 36 Since the bushing 36 is to be frictionally welded to the conductor 2, the bushing 36 has a groove 42 on an upper side for absorbing torque.
- the groove 42 can be polygonal, in particular hexagonal.
- a locking element 48 is provided in this area.
- the locking element 48 is formed in one piece from the coating material. That
- Locking element 48 on a web which essentially runs around the through-opening 40 and protrudes from the collar 36a in the axial direction.
- An undercut pointing radially outward is provided on the web in order to latch with the locking element 30 (not shown).
- a cuff 50 can be provided so as to enclose the shaft 36b.
- the cuff 50 is formed in one piece from the coating material.
- the cuff 50 forms an annular space with the outer lateral surface 38 .
- On the front side an opening gap between the outer lateral surface 38 and the sleeve 50 is smaller than a test finger finger 82 according to IPXXB or, in particular, after joining the connecting parts IPXXC according to DIN EN 60529, so that there is protection against accidental contact.
- the shaft 36b is coated on the front side with the insulation 46a . Through the slots 44, the insulation 46a, 46b as well as the sleeve 50 and the web can be molded onto the bushing 36 in a single operation during the injection molding process.
- the first connecting part 6 formed in this way is shown in a view in FIG. 5b.
- the locking elements 48 can be seen.
- This first connection part 6 can be welded onto a conductor 2 by means of friction welding.
- a weld seam 51 is formed, as can be seen in FIGS. 2a-e. This weld 51 is in particular by an axially at the
- Contact surface 36 preferably circumferentially extending projection 36d, as shown in Fig. 5c, d is favored.
- the contact pressure is increased by the reduced surface area on the projection 36d, so that immediate melting of the materials is ensured in the event of friction welding. Resistance welding or soldering as well as laser welding is also possible.
- the first connecting part 6 is connected to the conductor 2 in a materially bonded manner.
- protection against contact is provided on the upper side in a region that is not covered by the contact protection element 10 or by the head 12a in the screwed state.
- the annular gap between the collar 50 and the outer lateral surface 38 is so small that there is also protection against accidental contact.
- a second connecting part 8 can be provided.
- This second connection part 8 also has a socket 52 with a collar 52a and a shaft 52b.
- the socket is shown in Figs. 6a and c shown. It can be seen that the bushing 52 has a shaft 52b extending in the axial direction and a circumferential collar 52a.
- the socket 52 is made of a conductive material, in particular the same material as the socket 36 is formed.
- the collar 52a is shaped to complement the collar 36a, so that reference is made to the description there.
- the shank 52b has an inner lateral surface 54 which widens in the axial direction 22 starting from the collar 52a. That is, the opening cross section of the shank 52b widens away from the collar 52a.
- the collar 52a is complementary to the collar 36a, so that reference is made to the description there.
- the angles of inclination of the lateral surfaces, in particular of the outer lateral surface 38 and the inner lateral surface 54, are congruent to one another, so that they can rest completely on one another in the connected state.
- the bushing 52 can also be coated in an injection molding process.
- An overmolded bushing 52 forms the second connecting part 8, as shown in Figures 6b and 6d.
- At least one slot 56 is provided in the shank 52b in order to enable the encapsulation in a single injection molding process. In this way, injection molding material can reach both sides of the shaft 52b, in particular to form a receiving element 58.
- the shank 52b is along its outer. Lateral surface and in the area of the slots 56 coated with an insulating material, as can be seen in Figs. 6b and d. In particular, an end face of the shaft 52b is also coated with the insulating material.
- the inner lateral surface 54 is free of the coating. Inside the cup-shaped shaft 52b, 22 extends in the axial direction. Receiving element 58. This receiving element 58 is preferably formed in one piece from the insulation of the socket 52.
- An annular gap that forms between the outer lateral surface of the receiving element 58 and the inner lateral surface 54 at the end edge is smaller than a test finger 82, so that protection against accidental contact is provided, as shown in FIG. 6d.
- the receiving element 58 preferably protrudes in the axial direction 22 beyond the front edge of the shaft 52b.
- a threaded bushing 58a is inserted into the receiving element 58 .
- the threaded bushing '58a is preferably made of a metallic material in order to be able to absorb increased tensile forces of the screw element 12.
- the first connection part 6 is first welded to the first conductor 2 at the weld seam 51 .
- the second connection part 8 is welded to the second conductor 4 at the weld seam 51 .
- The. So with the connecting parts 6, 8 stocked conductors 2, 4 can then be joined together.
- the contact protection element 10 together with the screw element 12 is locked on the first connecting part 6 with the aid of the locking elements 32, 48 and the shafts 36b and 52b are brought into connection with their lateral surfaces, as shown in Fig 2b can be seen.
- the outer lateral surface 38 rests against the inner lateral surface 54 . In this way, direct contact between the metallically conductive materials can be ensured.
- the screw element 12 is screwed in the axial direction 22 into the threaded bushing 58a.
- the screw element 12 moves within the contact protection element 10 via the holding area 24 and the transition area 26 towards the expansion area 28.
- FIG. 2d shows the screw element 12 in the fully screwed-in state.
- the dome 10a is spread outwards by the projection 28a, as can be seen in FIG. 2d.
- the locking elements 32, 48 are released from each other.
- the contact protection element 10 can be removed without tools. It can be seen that the entire connection is protected against contact.
- FIG 3 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the second connecting part 8, in particular the socket 52 with the collar 52a, is welded to an electrical component 60 on the side facing away from the shaft 52b.
- the electrical component 60 can be a conductor or a cell connector of a battery module. The other fastening and contact protection mechanisms described above are retained.
- the second connection part 8 can be formed, for example, as a pole on a battery module. In the unconnected state, protection against accidental contact is provided by the small annular gap between the inner lateral surface 54 and the screw element 58, as shown in FIG. 6d. Accidental touching of live parts is avoided.
- a first connecting part 6 is welded onto it in the manner shown. A connection can then be established with the contact protection element 10 and the screw element 12 , as described above.
- Threaded bushing 58a may also be integrally formed from the bushing 52 material, as shown in Figure 6e. It should then be noted that on the upper end face the insulation of the bushing 52 must be provided circumferentially around the threaded bushing 58a. In this case, it may be necessary for the insulation to protrude from the end face in an axial direction, in particular at least partially circumferentially.
- a connection of battery modules 76 as shown in FIG. 10 is preferred.
- Module connectors 78 which are formed from conductors 2, for example, can be equipped with the first connecting part 6 and the contact protection element 10.
- second conductors 4 for example each electrically last cell connector with second connecting parts 8, can be provided. When connecting, there is always protection against accidental contact, which is absolutely necessary when battery modules 76 are connected in series, since considerable voltages can build up as a result of the series connection.
- a connection according to FIGS. 7 and 8 can be made, in particular for a negative pole of a battery module in which a pole 66 is placed on a cell connector. This applies in particular when the module connector 78 is short and/or the pole 66 as the negative pole is first connected to the module connector 78 and only then to the respectively adjacent module.
- a first negative pole (on the right in FIG. 10 ) is first grounded via a module connector 78 .
- the negative pole of the battery module 76 following in each case is connected to a module connector 78 in the manner shown below in FIGS. 7, 8. Only the voltage of one module 76 is present at each of these poles.
- the connector 78 is connected to the positive pole of the adjacent module 76.
- the cell connector can be connected as a flat cable to the module connector 78 as a flat part. Since no touch protection is required on the underside of the module and on the module pole, the contact surfaces can be flat. A larger screw is also possible. This also makes sense, since a higher axial force is required for the flat contact surfaces in order to achieve the necessary contact pressure. This increases the area for power transmission.
- the same head can be provided for both screws, so that the protection against accidental contact can be the same for both poles.
- the protection against accidental contact on both poles ensures that after the module connector has been attached, no live components are accessible, even if there is a lethal voltage on the attached module connector before it is screwed on.
- Touch protection is not only important when installing the module connectors. Even when dismantling, touch protection must be guaranteed at least according to IPXXB. Therefore, the removable contact protection element is designed in such a way that it can be put back on before dismantling. When the screw has reached the end of the thread, the head is secured again in the holding area. The prerequisite for this, however, is that the contact protection is pressed down when unscrewing becomes. It is therefore proposed that the handling device be fitted with a spring element which exerts this axial pressure on the contact protection element at the moment of dismantling.
- FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment in which preferably only one contact protection element 10 is used.
- a conductor 2 can be formed, for example, from aluminum or some other rather ductile material.
- a sleeve 62 is introduced into an opening in the conductor 2, in particular welded.
- the sleeve 62 can also be understood as a welding eye, in particular a friction welding eye.
- the arrangement of the sleeve 62 is known per se.
- a protective sleeve 64 can be placed around the sleeve 62 .
- the protective sleeve 64 lies around the sleeve 62 and the stripped area of the conductor 2.
- the protective sleeve 64 has locking element 48 described in connection with the second connecting part 8. This locking element 48 interacts with the locking element 32 of the contact protection element 10 in the manner described.
- the contact protection element 10 can be placed on the protective collar 64 .
- the conductor 2 together with the contact protection element 10 is placed on the pole 66 and then the screw element 12 is screwed in the manner described.
- the contact protection element 10 can be removed in the screwed state.
- Pole 66 can be attached, in particular welded, to a last module connector (as conductor 4) in the battery module.
- the battery cells and the module connectors are housed in a module housing 80 in an insulating manner. In particular, only pole 66 is brought out of housing 80 .
- the plus pole e.g. reference number 52 according to FIG. 3
- the minus pole are led out of the housing 80 as pole 66 .
- FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment in which the conductor 2 is however formed from a material to which the screw element 12 can be screwed. In in this case, the sleeve 62 is omitted. Otherwise, the screwing takes place accordingly
- connection bracket 68 is provided at a radial distance from the shaft 36b, as shown in FIG.
- the connection console 68 is in particular formed in one piece with the socket 36 .
- a line 2 is stripped at the end.
- a fastening clip 70 or a sleeve 70 is then pushed over the stripped end.
- a crimp sleeve 72 can be arranged on the end face. If necessary, the conductor 2 can be welded to the outer lateral surface of the connection bracket 68 with a crimp sleeve 72 . If a clip or a sleeve 70 is present, it can latch with latching lugs 74 of the first connecting part 6 .
- a conductor 2 can be connected to another conductor using the first connection part 6 and the contact protection element 10 and optionally the second connection part 8 so that it cannot be touched.
- FIG. 11 shows the two connecting parts 6, 8 with bushings 36, 52 and shafts 36b, 52b having the opposite shape as in FIG.
- the shank 36 is not insulated on its inner lateral surface.
- the shank 36b is cup-shaped and widens toward the lower end face.
- Within the shank 36b is a tubular member concentric with the through opening on the collar and through which the fastener 12 can be slid.
- the tubular member is non-conductive, and in particular is integral with the insulation of the outer surface of the shaft 36b.
- the annular gap between the tubular element and the inner lateral surface of the shaft 36b is preferably so small that a test finger cannot reach the conductive lateral surface.
- the shaft 53b which is complementary thereto, is not insulated on its outer lateral surface.
- the connecting parts 6, 8 When the connecting parts 6, 8 are in the connected state, the lateral surfaces of the shafts 36b, 52b are in direct contact with one another in a conductive manner.
- an essentially peripheral collar is arranged around the shaft 52b.
- a recess is provided in the shaft 52b, into which the tubular element can be inserted.
- the outer surface of the recess is also insulated.
- the elements of the connecting parts 6, 8 described above are also provided in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11, but partially on the respective other connecting element. The description nevertheless applies to both exemplary embodiments.
- the contact protection element described can also be used here.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020130894.9A DE102020130894A1 (de) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Modulverbinder und Berührschutzelement |
| PCT/EP2021/081762 WO2022106380A1 (de) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-16 | Modulverbinder und berührschutzelement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4248528A1 true EP4248528A1 (de) | 2023-09-27 |
Family
ID=74240006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21810358.8A Pending EP4248528A1 (de) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-16 | Modulverbinder und berührschutzelement |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12609463B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4248528A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116529963A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020130894A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2023005923A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022106380A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4139996A1 (de) * | 2020-04-20 | 2023-03-01 | Hirschmann Automotive GmbH | Steckverbinder mit schraubverbindung |
| DE102020130894A1 (de) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-18 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Modulverbinder und Berührschutzelement |
| DE102021204498B3 (de) | 2021-05-05 | 2022-09-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung zur elektrischen Verbindung von Kontaktanschlüssen elektrochemischer Speicher, Batterie mit einer solchen Anordnung sowie Fahrzeug |
| DE102021113768A1 (de) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-01 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Kontaktanordnung mit reibschlüssig gefügtem Kontaktelement sowie Modulverbinder, Verbindungsanordnung, Batteriezelle und Batteriemodul mit solchen Kontaktanordnungen |
| DE102021123487A1 (de) | 2021-09-10 | 2023-03-16 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Ladebuchse, Anschlussteil und System für Hochspannungsanwendungen |
| EP4207496A1 (de) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-05 | Intercable Automotive Solutions GmbH | Modulverbinder |
| DE102022200121A1 (de) | 2022-01-07 | 2023-07-13 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Batteriesystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung des solchen sowie Fahrzeug |
| DE102022204085A1 (de) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Verbindung, elektrische Verbindung |
| DE102023104890A1 (de) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-08-29 | Amphenol-Tuchel Electronics Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Steckverbindung zur lösbaren Kontaktierung von Stromschienen |
| EP4443657A1 (de) * | 2023-04-05 | 2024-10-09 | Intercable Automotive Solutions GmbH | Modulverbinder |
| DE102023121219A1 (de) * | 2023-08-09 | 2025-02-13 | Erwin Quarder Systemtechnik Gmbh | Stromschienenverbinder |
| KR20250034779A (ko) * | 2023-09-04 | 2025-03-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 배터리팩 마운팅 구조 |
| DE102024104779B3 (de) | 2024-02-21 | 2025-01-23 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Batteriemodul-Verbindungselement und Batteriemodul |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020004993A1 (de) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-17 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Bordnetzsteckverbinder |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007057082A1 (de) | 2007-11-21 | 2009-05-28 | Newfrey Llc, Newark | Kontaktiereinheit, Befestigungsverfahren und Schraubwerkzeug zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| JP5219680B2 (ja) | 2008-08-01 | 2013-06-26 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | ヒュージブルリンク |
| CN204407601U (zh) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-17 | 金乡县沃能电控科技有限公司 | 一种高压快速插接装置 |
| CN105703113B (zh) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-01-16 | 浙江安美科技有限公司 | 一种快速插接头 |
| DE102017210425A1 (de) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Modulverbinder |
| DE102018201439A1 (de) | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verbindungvorrichtung und Energieversorgungsanordnung |
| DE102019205050A1 (de) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-15 | Audi Ag | Buchsenvorrichtung zum berührsicheren elektrischen Kontaktieren einer korrespondierenden Steckervorrichtung, Steckervorrichtung und Batteriemodul für eine Hochvoltbatterie |
| DE102020104410A1 (de) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-08-19 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Kontakteinrichtung, Kontaktsystem und Verfahren zur Montage solch eines Kontaktsystems |
| DE102020130894A1 (de) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-18 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Modulverbinder und Berührschutzelement |
| DE102021123487A1 (de) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-03-16 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Ladebuchse, Anschlussteil und System für Hochspannungsanwendungen |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 DE DE102020130894.9A patent/DE102020130894A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202180078611.6A patent/CN116529963A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-16 MX MX2023005923A patent/MX2023005923A/es unknown
- 2021-11-16 US US18/253,865 patent/US12609463B2/en active Active
- 2021-11-16 EP EP21810358.8A patent/EP4248528A1/de active Pending
- 2021-11-16 WO PCT/EP2021/081762 patent/WO2022106380A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020004993A1 (de) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-17 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Bordnetzsteckverbinder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2023005923A (es) | 2023-06-06 |
| DE102020130894A1 (de) | 2021-02-18 |
| US20240006782A1 (en) | 2024-01-04 |
| WO2022106380A1 (de) | 2022-05-27 |
| US12609463B2 (en) | 2026-04-21 |
| CN116529963A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
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