EP4240905A1 - Segment für rauchartikel mit kalandrierter faserbahn - Google Patents
Segment für rauchartikel mit kalandrierter faserbahnInfo
- Publication number
- EP4240905A1 EP4240905A1 EP23701682.9A EP23701682A EP4240905A1 EP 4240905 A1 EP4240905 A1 EP 4240905A1 EP 23701682 A EP23701682 A EP 23701682A EP 4240905 A1 EP4240905 A1 EP 4240905A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- segment
- fibrous web
- calendered
- filter
- segment according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 23
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 alkyl ketene dimers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical class [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical class OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003893 lactate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004701 malic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015870 tripotassium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000146553 Ceiba pentandra Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003301 Ceiba pentandra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001148717 Lygeum spartum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 241000202844 Eriophorum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKKVFHDDYXJFFL-MOSFFKILSA-N [(7S,9E,11S,12R,13S,14R,15R,16R,17S,18S,19E,21E)-2,15,17,27,29-pentahydroxy-11-methoxy-3,7,12,14,16,18,22-heptamethyl-6,23-dioxo-26-[(E)-piperazin-1-yliminomethyl]-8,30-dioxa-24-azatetracyclo[23.3.1.14,7.05,28]triaconta-1(29),2,4,9,19,21,25,27-octaen-13-yl] acetate Chemical compound CO[C@H]1\C=C\O[C@@]2(C)Oc3c(C2=O)c2c(O)c(\C=N\N4CCNCC4)c(NC(=O)\C(C)=C\C=C\[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H]1C)c(O)c2c(O)c3C FKKVFHDDYXJFFL-MOSFFKILSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000299507 Gossypium hirsutum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
- D21H13/04—Cellulose ethers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
- D21H13/06—Cellulose esters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
- D21H13/08—Synthetic cellulose fibres from regenerated cellulose
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/08—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material
- D21H25/12—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod
- D21H25/14—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod the body being a casting drum, a heated roll or a calender
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a segment of a smoking article, the segment comprising a filter material that allows the properties of the segment, in particular draw resistance and filtration efficiency, to be easily and reliably adjusted over a wide range.
- the filter material of the segment includes a calendered fiber web with special properties.
- Smoking articles are typically rod-shaped articles consisting of at least two rod-shaped segments arranged one after the other.
- One segment contains a material that is capable of forming an aerosol when heated, and at least one other segment contains a material that serves to affect properties of the aerosol.
- the smoking article can be a filter cigarette in which a first segment contains the aerosol-forming material, in particular tobacco, and a further segment which is designed as a filter and is used to filter the aerosol.
- the aerosol is generated by burning the aerosol-forming material, and the filter primarily serves to filter the aerosol and to provide the filter cigarette with a defined draw resistance.
- the smoking article can also be a so-called tobacco heater, in which the aerosol-forming material is only heated but not burned. This reduces the number and amount of harmful substances in the aerosol.
- a smoking article also consists of at least two, but more often more, in particular four segments.
- One segment contains the aerosol forming material, which typically comprises tobacco, reconstituted tobacco, modified tobacco, or nicotine, and glycerol or propylene glycol.
- Other segments in the tobacco heater are used to direct the aerosol, cool the aerosol or filter the aerosol.
- the segments are mostly encased by an encasing material. Paper is very often used as a wrapping material. Forming such segments from cellulose acetate or polylactides is known from the prior art. Since polylactides, and in particular cellulose acetate, biodegrade only very slowly in the environment, the industry has an interest in making the segments of the smoking article from other materials that are more biodegradable and make it possible to avoid using cellulose acetate in particular . It is known in the prior art to produce segments for smoking articles, in particular filter segments, from paper. Although segments of this type are generally readily biodegradable, they also have disadvantages.
- filter segments made of paper generally have a high filtration efficiency and therefore result in a dry aerosol, which affects the taste of the aerosol compared to cigarettes with the usual cellulose acetate filter segments. Furthermore, they often have a lower filtration efficiency for phenols than cellulose acetate. In addition, it has proven difficult to produce a segment from paper that is acceptable to consumers in terms of the combination of draw resistance, filtration efficiency and hardness. In order to reduce filtration efficiency, less paper is often used per filter volume, but this results in the segment becoming soft and having too low a draw resistance.
- the object of the invention is to provide a segment of a smoking article or for a smoking article whose draw resistance and filtration efficiency can be adjusted easily and reliably largely independently of one another and which is superior to conventional segments in this respect.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a readily biodegradable segment for smoking articles. This object is solved by a segment according to claim 1, a filter rod according to claim 35 and a smoking article according to claim 39.
- this object can be achieved by a segment of a smoking article comprising a wrapping material and a filter material, the wrapping material encasing the filter material and the filter material being at least 10% and at most 100% of its mass formed by a calendered fibrous web , and wherein at least 50% and at most 100% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web is formed by organic polymer fibers and wherein the calendered fibrous web has a compression factor of at least 0.45 and at most 0.85, the compression factor being the ratio between the density of the calendered fibrous web and the volume weighted density of the components of the calendered fibrous web.
- the filter material in a segment of a smoking article would like the filter material in a segment of a smoking article to have a low density porous structure in order to present sufficient surface area to the aerosol flowing through the segment so that components of the aerosol can be efficiently filtered.
- draw resistance and filtration efficiency are related and the type and mass of the filter material in the segment is determined for the desired parameters.
- other aspects also play a role, in particular the hardness of the segment, which is primarily determined by the mass of the filter material and partly by the encapsulation material.
- a calendered fibrous web as part of the segment in a smoking article can solve this problem.
- the person skilled in the art would not consider a calendered fibrous web for use as a filter material in a generic segment because he assumes that the calendering compresses the fibrous web, smoothes the surface and closes it and thus creates a non-porous structure that has a has very low filtration efficiency and makes such a fibrous web unsuitable for segments in smoking articles.
- calendered fiber webs are suitable as filter material for such segments if they are calendered in such a way that their compression factor is in lies in the interval according to the invention.
- the surprising effect is that the draw resistance of a segment made from it is comparatively low, but the filtration efficiency is still in the middle range and, in particular, that the filtration efficiency is practically independent of the draw resistance and the mass of the calendered fiber web in the segment and is constant.
- a calendered fibrous web with the compression factor according to the invention therefore makes it possible to adjust the draw resistance or the hardness of the segment without changing the filtration efficiency. This is not possible to the same extent with the filter materials available in the prior art.
- the compression factor is the ratio of the density of the calendered fibrous web and the volume weighted density of the components of the calendered fibrous web. The ratio essentially describes how much the fibrous web is compressed.
- a compression factor of i means maximum compression such that there is no void volume in the calendered fibrous web, while at lower compression factors void volume still remains in the calendered fibrous web.
- the basis weight can be determined according to ISO 536:2019 and the thickness according to ISO 534:2011.
- the compression factor C is then the ratio of the density of the calendered fibrous web p c and the density of the components of the fibrous web p 0 , ie
- the compression factor C must be at least 0.45 and at most 0.85. In order to calculate the compression factor C, it is not necessary to include all of the components. It is sufficient if the The total of the components used make up at least 90% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web. Exemplary compression factor calculations are set forth below.
- a calendered fiber web has a filtration efficiency in the middle range and why the draw resistance is decoupled from the filtration efficiency in the range of the compression factor according to the invention.
- the compression factor of the calendered fiber web is the essential criterion for achieving the inventive effect. It can also be assumed that the porous structure and surface of the calendered fibrous web produced by the calendering to the compression factor according to the invention are of importance.
- the segment according to the invention comprises a filter material, with at least 10% and at most 100% of the mass of the filter material being formed by a calendered fiber web. Due to the calendered fiber web, draw resistance and filtration efficiency can be adjusted independently of each other. For example, the proportion of calendered fibrous web in the filter material can be increased to increase draw resistance but leave filtration efficiency unchanged. At least 20% and at most 90% of the mass of the filter material is therefore preferably formed by the calendered fiber web and particularly preferably at least 25% and at most 75% of the mass of the filter material. In some embodiments, the proportion of the calendered fiber web in the filter material is rather high and is at least 30% and at most 100% of the mass of the filter material.
- the compression factor of the calendered fiber web is essential for the segment according to the invention because, according to the findings of the inventors, the draw resistance and the filtration efficiency are decoupled only for a specific interval of the compression factor.
- the compression factor of the calendered fibrous web is preferably at least 0.50 and at most 0.80 and particularly preferably at least 0.55 and at most 0.75.
- the investigations of the inventors show that draw resistance and filtration efficiency are decoupled from one another, but the calendering process can be carried out particularly efficiently in the preferred intervals of the compression factor.
- the fibrous web forming at least part of the filter material is calendered.
- This can mean that the fibrous web has passed through at least one nip in the course of its production, in which mechanical pressure is exerted on the fibrous web and it is thereby compressed and smoothed.
- the mechanical pressure and the number of nips are chosen so that the compression factor of the calendered fiber web is in the interval according to the invention.
- the rolls forming the nip can be heated and/or the moisture content of the fibrous web can be adjusted before calendering.
- the moisture content of the fibrous web during calendering is increased compared to the equilibrium state of a dry fibrous web in order to achieve a compression factor according to the invention.
- the person skilled in the art is able to adjust other parameters of the calendering process based on the properties of the fiber web in such a way that the desired compression factor is achieved.
- This calendering process is to be distinguished from other processes, such as those in a size press or a coating unit, in which substances are applied to the surface of a fiber web.
- the fibrous web can also pass through a roller gap, no great pressure is exerted on the fibrous web, so that the fibrous web is not compressed or is compressed only slightly and the compression factor according to the invention is not achieved.
- the calendered fibrous web comprises organic polymer fibers.
- Organic polymer fibers are fibers composed of polymers with carbon atoms in the main chain. In principle, such polymer fibers are suitable for forming and calendering a fiber web, so that the invention can be implemented therewith.
- Inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, metal fibers or mineral fibers and fibers made from inorganic polymers such as polysiloxanes are not according to the invention.
- the biodegradability of the calendered fibrous web can be improved or made possible in the first place by selecting the organic polymer fibers. Because smoking articles are often disposed of in the environment after use, it is important that the segments that make up the smoking article are readily biodegradable.
- the organic polymer fibers are therefore preferably fibers made from biopolymers.
- Biopolymers are polymers synthesized by living things or chemically identical to polymers synthesized by living things. Modified polymers synthesized or synthesizable by living beings are also biopolymers within the meaning of this invention. Not biopolymers and therefore less preferred, but according to the invention, are, for example, synthetic polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
- Preferably at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight and ideally all of the organic polymer fibers mentioned are fibers made from biopolymers.
- the organic polymer fibers are fibers made from cellulose-based biopolymers.
- fibers made from cellulose-based biopolymers are cellulose fibers, fibers made from regenerated cellulose and fibers made from cellulose acetate.
- Fibers made from polylactides which are a biopolymer but not a cellulose-based biopolymer and are less biodegradable than, for example, cellulose fibers, are less preferred but according to the invention.
- fibers made of cellulose acetate which are a cellulose-based biopolymer but are even less biodegradable than fibers made of polylactides.
- the fibers made from biopolymers are cellulose fibers, fibers made from regenerated cellulose or a mixture thereof.
- At least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight and in particular all of the organic polymer fibers mentioned are cellulose fibers obtained from coniferous trees, deciduous trees or other plants such as hemp, flax, jute, ramie, kenaf, kapok, coconut, abaca, sisal, bamboo, cotton or esparto grass, or a mixture of pulp fibers from two or more of these trees or plants.
- the pulp fibers can be obtained from exactly one of the sources mentioned above, or they can be a mixture of pulp fibers obtained from two or more of the sources mentioned.
- the fibers are also available in consistent quality and in large quantities.
- the proportion of organic polymer fibers in the calendered fibrous web can vary. According to the invention, it is at least 50% and at most 100% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web in order to give the fibrous web a strength that is favorable for further processing. However, the proportion of organic polymer fibers in the mass of the calendered fibrous web is preferably higher and is at least 60% and at most 100% and particularly preferably at least 70% and at most 95%. A higher proportion of organic polymer fibers allows the fibrous web to be calendered with less pressure in order to set the compression factor according to the invention.
- the calendered fibrous web contains less than 40%, particularly preferably less than 30% and very particularly preferably less than 20% fibers of cellulose acetate, the percentages relating to the mass of the calendered fibrous web.
- the calendered fibrous web is free of cellulose acetate fibers.
- the calendered fibrous web may contain filler. Filler creates a porous structure in the fibrous web and is generally not very compressible, so calendering the fibrous web requires higher pressure to achieve the desired compression factor.
- the proportion of filler is therefore preferably at least 0% and at most 50% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web, particularly preferably at least 0% and at most 30% and very particularly preferably at least 0% and at most 5%, each based on the mass of the calendered fibrous web .
- the filler can be useful to increase the whiteness of the fibrous web. This can be particularly important when the segment made from it is at one end of the smoking article and its cross-sectional area is visible.
- the filler can also be used because it is cheaper than organic polymer fibers. For these reasons, a filler content of at least 5% and at most 35%, based on the mass of the calendered fibrous web, is alternatively preferred.
- the filler is preferably selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, kaolin, talc and bentonite, or formed by a mixture of two or more of these types of fillers.
- the calendered fibrous web can contain additives to give the calendered fibrous web special properties. These additives can affect, for example, dry or wet strength, water absorption, filtration efficiency overall or for individual substances.
- the proportion of additives in the calendered fibrous web is preferably at least 0% and at most 10% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web, particularly preferably at least 1% and at most 9% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web.
- the additives are preferably selected from the group consisting of sizing agents, alkyl ketene dimers (AKD), alkenyl succinic anhydrides (ASA), fatty acids, starch, starch derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose, alginates, chitosan, wet strength agents, citrates, trisodium citrate, tripotassium citrate, malates, tartrates, acetates, nitrates , succinates, fumarates, gluconates, glycolates, lactates, oxylates, salicylates, o-hydroxycaprylates, phosphates, polyphosphates, chlorides, hydrogen carbonates, triacetin, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, triethyl citrate, catalysts, activated carbon , flavorings, encapsulated flavorings and mixtures thereof.
- the basis weight of the calendered fibrous web is preferably at least 15 g/m 2 and at most 44 g/m 2 , preferably at least 20 g/m 2 and at most 40 g/m 2 and especially preferably at least 23 g/m 2 and at most 38 g/m 2 , in particular at least 31 g/m 2 and at most 37 g/m 2 .
- This basis weight is beneficial in facilitating calendering of the fibrous web and further processing of the calendered fibrous web into a segment of a smoking article, and may impart beneficial strength to the calendered fibrous web.
- the information relates to a basis weight measured according to ISO 536:2019.
- the thickness of the calendered fiber web is preferably at least 15 ⁇ m and at most 55 ⁇ m and particularly preferably at least 20 ⁇ m and at most 50 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably at least 30 ⁇ m and at most 37 ⁇ m.
- Caliper can be measured according to ISO 534:2011 and refers to the caliper of the fibrous web after calendering.
- the mechanical properties of the calendered fibrous web are important for processing into a segment for a smoking article.
- the width-related tensile strength of the calendered fiber web measured according to ISO 1924-2:2008, is preferably at least 6 N/15 mm and at most 70 N/15 mm, particularly preferably at least 8 N/15 mm and at most 60 N/15 mm.
- the elongation at break of the calendered fibrous web is important because when the fibrous web is processed into a segment of a smoking article, the fibrous web is often crimped and a particularly high elongation at break is favorable for this.
- the elongation at break of the calendered fiber web measured according to ISO 1924-2:2008, is therefore preferably at least 0.8% and at most 3.0% and particularly preferably at least 1.0% and at most 2.5%.
- Tensile strength and elongation at break can depend on the direction in which the sample for the measurement was taken from the filter material. Due to the calendering, however, this directional dependency is low.
- the stated characteristics of the calendered fibrous web are met in each case if the tensile strength or elongation at break in at least one direction are within the stated preferred or particularly preferred ranges.
- a coating can increase the effect of the calendering and an even better decoupling of draw resistance and filtration efficiency can be achieved, particularly when the basis weight of the calendered fibrous web is low.
- a coating also makes it possible to change the surface of the fiber web and, for example, achieve selective filtration of certain substances in the aerosol.
- the coating can be applied in the form of a composition comprising the coating material and a solvent, the solvent after Order is removed, for example, by drying.
- the coating includes only those components of the composition that remain on the calendered fibrous web.
- the calendered fibrous web is coated on at least one side, the coating on at least one side covering at least 20% and at most 100% of the area of that side of the calendered fibrous web, and wherein the coating comprises a material that is selected from the group consisting of sizing agents, alkyl ketene dimers (AKD), alkenyl succinic anhydrides (ASA), fatty acids, starch, starch derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose, alginates, chitosan, wet strength agents, citrates, trisodium citrate, tripotassium citrate, malates, tartrates, acetates, nitrates, succinates, fumarates , gluconates, glycolates, lactates, oxyalates, salicylates, o-hydroxycaprylates, phosphates, polyphosphates, chlorides, hydrogen carbonates, triacetin, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, g
- the coating comprises a material selected from the group consisting of starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives and mixtures thereof.
- the coating comprises a material selected from the group consisting of starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives and mixtures thereof (i.e. the material is a mixture of two or more of these substances), and the proportion of this material in the coating is at least 20% and at most 100%, preferably at least 50% and at most 100%, particularly preferably at least 70% and at most 98% and very particularly preferably at least 80% and at most 95%, each based on the mass of the coating applied to the calendered fibrous web is.
- only one side of the calendered fibrous web is coated and the coating covers at least 50% and at most 100% of the area of the coated side of the calendered fibrous web, and most preferably at least 90% and at most 100% of the area of the coated side of the calendered fibrous web, in particular if, for example for technical reasons, you want to refrain from coating the fibrous web over the entire surface, at least 80% and at most 95% of the surface of the coated side of the calendered fibrous web.
- Such technical reasons can be that part of the calendered fibrous web should remain uncoated in order to be able to determine properties of the fibrous web without coating on the finished fibrous web.
- the calendered fibrous web is coated on both sides and the coating covers at least 20% and at most 100% of the area of each of the two sides of the calendered fibrous web and most preferably at least 50% and at most 100% of the area of each of the two sides of the calendered fibrous web, in particular at least 90% and at most 100% of the area of each of the two sides of the calendered fibrous web, or, if for technical reasons one wishes to refrain from coating the entire surface of the fibrous web, at least 80% and at most 95% of the area of each of the both sides of the calendered fibrous web.
- the amount of coating material applied to one side or both sides of the calendered fibrous web is more preferably at least 0.5 g/m 2 and at most 5.0 g/m 2 , most preferably at least 0.7 g/m 2 and a maximum of 4.0 g/m 2 , whereby the amount in g/m 2 refers only to the area to which the coating material is actually applied.
- the calendered fibrous web is coated on at least one side, the coating on at least one side covering at least 20% and at most 100% of the area of this side of the calendered fibrous web, and the basis weight of the calendered fibrous web including the coating is at least 20 g/m 2 and not more than 35 g/m 2 .
- the coating comprises a material selected from the group consisting of starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives and mixtures of two or more thereof.
- the calendered fibrous web is preferably a calendered paper or a calendered nonwoven. Such preferred calendered fibrous webs can be made by methods known in the art.
- the segment according to the invention comprises a filter material, with at least 10% of the mass of the filter material being formed by the calendered fibrous web.
- the filter material can be formed entirely by the calendered fibrous web.
- the main purpose of the calendered fibrous web is to decouple the draw resistance of the segment from the filtration efficiency. In order to fulfill this purpose, at least 10% of the mass of the filter material must be made up of the calendered fibrous web. However, it is advantageous to combine the calendered fiber web with other filtration material.
- the filter material of the segment according to the invention comprises the calendered fiber web and a further filtration material, the further Filtration material is preferably selected from the group consisting of filter papers, nonwovens or tows and combinations thereof.
- the further filtration material is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of filter papers, cellulose-based nonwovens, wet-needled nonwovens, tows comprising cellulose acetate, tows comprising regenerated cellulose and combinations of two or more of these. These additional filtration materials make it particularly easy to influence the filtration efficiency of the segment.
- the further filtration material is a filter paper, a cellulose-based fleece, a wet-needled fleece or a combination of two or more of the same. These other filtration materials have good biodegradability and can therefore be combined with the calendered fiber web in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the further filtration material is in the form of a web and is laminated onto the calendered fiber web.
- At least 10% and at most 90% and particularly preferably at least 20% and at most 70% of the mass of the filter material are preferably formed by the further filtration material.
- the segment of a smoking article comprises a wrapping material and a filter material, the wrapping material encasing the filter material and at least 70% and at most 100% of the mass of the filter material is formed by a calendered fibrous web, and wherein at least 50% and at most 100% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web is formed by organic polymer fibers and wherein the calendered fibrous web has a compression factor of at least 0.45 and has at most 0.85 and at most 30% and in particular at most 20% of the mass of the filter material is formed by cellulose acetate.
- the segment for a smoking article according to the invention comprises the filter material and a wrapping material, wherein the wrapping material encases the filter material and is preferably paper or foil.
- the wrapping material must be strictly distinguished from the calendered fiber web, which is part of the filter material. To the wrapping material of a segment for a Quite different requirements are imposed on smoking articles, such as gluing processability, air permeability, color, suitability for perforation and, in some cases, printability, while filtration properties and the effect on draw resistance are irrelevant.
- the covering material of the segment according to the invention preferably has a basis weight of at least 20 g/m 2 and at most 150 g/m 2 , particularly preferably at least 30 g/m 2 and at most 130 g/m 2 .
- a covering material with this preferred or particularly preferred weight per unit area gives the segment according to the invention covered therewith, in combination with the filter material, a particularly advantageous hardness. This means that the smoker cannot inadvertently squeeze the segment located in the smoking article.
- the segment is cylindrical with an approximately circular or oval outer boundary of the cross-sectional area with a nominal diameter of this boundary of at least 3 mm and at most 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 4 mm and at most 9 mm and very particularly preferably of at least 5 mm and at most 8 mm.
- These nominal diameters are favorable for use of the segments of the present invention in smoking articles.
- the nominal diameter can be determined according to ISO 2971:2013.
- the segment has a length of at least 4 mm and at most 40 mm, particularly preferably at least 6 mm and at most 35 mm and very particularly preferably at least 10 mm and at most 28 mm.
- the draw resistance of the segment determines, among other things, what pressure difference the smoker must apply when consuming the smoking article in order to generate a specific volume flow through the smoking article, and it therefore significantly influences the smoker's acceptance of the smoking article.
- the draw resistance of the segment can be measured according to ISO 6565:2015 and is given in mm water column (mmWG).
- mmWG mm water column
- the tensile resistance of the segment is proportional to the length of the segment, so that the tensile resistance can also be measured on rods that differ from the segment only in length. From this, the drag resistance of the segment can be easily calculated.
- the tensile resistance of the segment per length of the segment is preferably at least 0.05 mmWG/mm and at most 12.0 mmWG/mm, particularly preferably at least 0.1 mmWG/mm and at most 10.0 mmWG/mm and very particularly preferably at least 0. 1 mmWG/mm and maximum 4.0 mmWG/mm.
- the segment typically has an essentially cylindrical shape with an approximately circular or oval outer limit of the cross-sectional area and can have one or more cavities in its interior, for example to accommodate activated carbon particles or breakable capsules with aromatic substances.
- the cavities may also be formed as one or more elongate tubes running at least approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the segment and located entirely within the segment or terminating at one or both end faces of the segment. Such voids can also affect filtration efficiency and draw resistance.
- the direction of the longitudinal axis coincides with the direction of flow of the aerosol in the smoking article when the smoker draws on the smoking article during use of the smoking article.
- the segment according to the invention can also contain an aerosol-forming material, in particular a tobacco material.
- a segment according to the invention can be produced by the methods known in the prior art.
- the filter rod according to the invention is cylindrical with an approximately circular or oval outer boundary of the cross-sectional area, has a length of at least 40 mm and at most 200 mm and comprises at least one segment according to the invention.
- the filter rod preferably comprises at least one segment according to the invention and at least one further segment which comprises a filter material, the segments being arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the filter rod.
- the filter material of the further segment particularly preferably comprises cellulose acetate.
- the filter rod preferably comprises a large number of segments according to the invention and a large number of further segments of the same type, the number of segments according to the invention and the number of further segments of the same type being the same in the filter rod and one segment according to the invention and another segment alternating in the longitudinal direction of the filter rod are arranged one after the other.
- the number of segments according to the invention and the number of further segments of the same type is two, three, four, five or six in each case.
- Such a filter rod referred to as a “dual filter”, allows the advantageous properties of the segment according to the invention to be combined with another segment which, in addition to its filtration properties, also ensures a good visual appearance of the mouth end of a smoking article made from the filter rod.
- the filter rod is preferably cylindrical with an approximately circular or oval outer boundary of the cross-sectional area with a nominal diameter of at least 3 mm and at most 10 mm, more preferably at least 4 mm and at most 9 mm and most preferably at least 5 mm and at most 8 mm .
- the nominal diameter can be determined according to ISO 2971:2013.
- a filter rod according to the invention can be produced by the methods known in the prior art.
- the smoking article according to the invention comprises at least two segments, one of the segments being a segment according to one of the embodiments described above and at least one of the segments containing an aerosol-forming material.
- the segments according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in smoking articles comprising at least three segments, a first segment containing an aerosol-forming material, a second segment being a segment according to one of the embodiments described above and a third segment of filtration can serve, and wherein the second segment is arranged between the first and the third segment.
- a smoking article can be produced, for example, from the filter rod referred to above as a “dual filter”.
- the smoking article therefore comprises at least three segments, wherein a first segment contains an aerosol-forming material, a second segment is a segment according to one of the embodiments described above and wherein the second segment is arranged between the first and the third segment.
- the draw resistance of the third segment is higher than that of the second segment.
- the ratio of the length of the second segment to the length of the third segment is at least 1:2 and at most 5:1, particularly preferably at least 1:1 and at most 3:1. The length of the segments influences the draw resistance, so that the draw resistance can be adjusted even better by choosing the length.
- the third segment comprises a filter paper, a cellulose-based fleece, a wet-needled fleece, a tow comprising cellulose acetate or a tow comprising regenerated cellulose.
- the smoking article is a filter cigarette and the aerosol forming material comprises tobacco.
- the segment according to the invention is particularly well suited for smoking articles in the intended use of which the aerosol-forming material is only heated but not burned.
- Such smoking articles often consist of several, typically two to four segments, with one segment containing the aerosol-forming material and the other segments serving to transfer, cool down or filter the aerosol.
- These segments require very different draw resistances and filtration efficiencies, so that for such smoking articles there is a particular need to be able to easily and reliably adjust the draw resistance and filtration efficiency of a segment over a wide range.
- the smoking article is therefore a smoking article in whose intended use the aerosol-forming material is only heated but not burned and the aerosol-forming material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of tobacco, reconstituted tobacco, nicotine, glycerol, propylene glycol, and flavoring agents, or a mixture of two or more of these materials, and most preferably the aerosol forming material is electrically heated.
- the aerosol-forming material can also be present as a gel or in liquid form and can preferably be contained in a container in a segment of the smoking article.
- Both the segment according to the invention and a smoking article according to the invention can be manufactured using methods known from the prior art.
- FIGURE Figure 1 shows a graph of nicotine filtration efficiency versus draw resistance for segments according to the invention and prior art.
- the compression factor is C p c 1 /m-. m 2 ⁇ 1 (TI, 0 3.2 ⁇
- the densities of the components of the calendered fibrous web are generally known in the art. Table 1 shows some typical values as an example.
- the density of the components, neglecting the starch, was therefore p 0 1.5 g/m 2 .
- the basis weight was 35 g/m 2 and the caliper was 33 ⁇ m, therefore the compression factor is 0.672.
- Tensile strength and elongation at break of the calendered fibrous web A were determined according to ISO 1924-2:2008, giving a value of 51.6 N/15 mm for the tensile strength in the machine direction and a value of 1.1% for the elongation at break in the machine direction .
- the fibrous web was also calendered more and less intensively to result in different calipers and compression factors as detailed in Table 3 below.
- Regenerated cellulose fibers were beaten to a freeness of 73°SR, measured according to ISO 5267-1:1999.
- a fibrous web was formed from the fibers using suitable processing aids on a paper machine, so that the fibrous web consisted of about 99% of its mass from the fibers of regenerated cellulose.
- the fibrous web was calendered in a calender integrated into the paper machine with increased moisture in the fibrous web.
- the basis weight was 42 g/m 2 and the caliper was 38 ⁇ m, therefore the compression factor is 0.729.
- Tensile strength and elongation at break of the calendered fibrous web B were determined according to ISO 1924-2:2008, giving a value of 61.7 N/15 mm for the tensile strength in the machine direction and a value of 1.0% for the elongation at break in the machine direction .
- Cylindrical filter rods with a length of 108 mm and a diameter of about 7.1 mm were each made from the calendered fiber webs A and B, with the filter material of the filter rods being formed entirely by the calendered fiber web and a suitable wrapping material with a basis weight of 78 g/m 2 was coated.
- the width of the fibrous web used to manufacture the filter rods varied between 60 mm and 242 mm, resulting in different amounts of filter material being present in the filter rod in order to change the draw resistance.
- the length of the calendered fibrous web used to make the filter rods was about 108 mm.
- Filter cigarettes were produced from the filter rods with a length of 108 mm, the filter rods, cut into segments with a length of 18 mm, serving as the filter segment in the filter cigarette.
- the tobacco blend of the filter cigarette was an American blend and the filter cigarettes differed within the usual production tolerances only in the filter segment.
- the filtration efficiency for nicotine was measured as a characteristic parameter for the filtration efficiency.
- the filter cigarettes were smoked according to the method specified in ISO 3308:2012 and both the mass of nicotine escaping from the end of the mouth (m) and the mass of nicotine contained in the filter segment (mputer) were determined and filtered through m filters / (m + mFilter ) calculated the filtration efficiency for nicotine. It can be expressed as a percentage and describes the ratio of the amount of nicotine retained in the filter to the amount of nicotine flowing into the filter.
- Table 2 shows the used width of the fibrous web (W), the draw resistance (PD) and the filtration efficiency (FE) for nicotine for an 18 mm long segment made from the calendered fibrous webs A and B, respectively.
- FIG. 1 shows on the horizontal axis the draw resistance (PD) of an 18 mm long segment in mmWG and on the vertical axis the filtration efficiency (FE) for nicotine in %. Values for segments from the calendered fiber web A (circles), from the calendered fiber web B (crosses), from a non-calendered filter paper (triangles) and cellulose acetate (square) are shown.
- PD draw resistance
- FE filtration efficiency
- a fibrous web with the composition of fibrous web A was calendered with different settings of the calender, resulting in different thicknesses and densities of the calendered fibrous web.
- Filter rods 108 mm long were made from a 40 mm and a 159 mm wide calendered fiber web and cut into 18 mm long segments.
- the draw resistance of the segments, Ap 40 for the 40 mm wide fibrous web and Api 59 for the 159 mm wide fibrous web, and the filtration efficiency for nicotine of the segments, F 40 for the 40 mm wide fibrous web and FI 59 for the 159 mm wide fibrous web, were determined as as described above, and from this a mean rate of change in filtration efficiency for nicotine relative to the change in draw resistance
- Table 3 contains the thickness (D), compression factor (C) and mean rate of change in filtration efficiency for nicotine (AF/AP).
- the data for the calendered fiber web B also shows that a decoupling of draw resistance and filtration efficiency occurs largely independently of the composition of the calendered fiber web.
- the interval of the compression factor according to the invention therefore applies independently of the composition of the fibrous web.
- a fiber web with a basis weight of 23 g/m 2 was produced from a mixture of cellulose fibers consisting of 45% cellulose fibers from spruce and pine and 55% cellulose fibers from eucalyptus.
- the pulp fibers from spruce and pine were beaten to a freeness of 94°SR, measured according to ISO 5267-1:1999.
- the fibrous web was produced on a conventional paper machine, then fully coated on both sides with starch on a separate coating device and calendered in another device with increased moisture content of the fibrous web to obtain the calendered fibrous web C.
- the amount of starch applied to the two sides together by the coating was about 1.5 g/m 2 , ie 6.12% of the mass of the calendered fibrous web, giving a basis weight of 24.5 g/m 2 .
- the density of the components, neglecting the starch, was therefore p 0 1.5 g/cm 3 .
- a thickness of 20 pm results in a compression factor of
- Tensile strength and elongation at break of the calendered fibrous web C were determined according to ISO 1924-2:2008, giving a value of 29 N/15 mm for the tensile strength in the machine direction and a value of 2.0% for the elongation at break in the machine direction.
- a calendered fibrous web D was produced in the same way but without a coating.
- Filter rods with a length of 108 mm were made from the calendered fiber webs, using the calendered fiber web C with a width of 120 mm and 220 mm and the calendered fiber web D with a width of 120 mm and 180 mm to create four different segments generate. In all cases, the length of the calendered fiber web approximately corresponded to the length of the filter rods of 108 mm.
- the filter rods were wrapped with a wrapping material with a basis weight of 78 g/m 2 .
- the filtration efficiency for nicotine was determined and Table 4 reports the width (W) of the calendered fibrous web, the draw resistance (PD) of an 18 mm segment and the filtration efficiency (FE) for nicotine.
- a comparison of these rates of change of segments from calendered fibrous webs A and B, having a basis weight of 35 g/m 2 and 42 g/m 2 , respectively, with segments from calendered fibrous webs C and D, having a basis weight of 24.5 g/m 2 m 2 or 23 g/m 2 also shows that the positive effect of calendering is less with a lower basis weight of the calendered fiber web and that this effect can be well compensated for by a coating.
- a filter cigarette F according to the invention with a length of 83 mm and a diameter of 7.8 mm consisting of three segments was produced, the first segment containing an American blend tobacco blend, the second segment being a segment of the calendered fiber web C according to the invention and the third segment contained a filter paper.
- the second segment was positioned between the first and third segments and the third segment formed the mouth end of the filter cigarette.
- the second segment was 18mm long with a draw resistance of 22mmWG, while the third segment was 9mm long with a draw resistance of 46mmWG.
- the filter paper in the third segment was a paper consisting essentially of 100% cellulose fibers with a basis weight of 35 g/m 2 and a thickness of 88 ⁇ m.
- a filter cigarette X with 83 mm, a diameter of 7.8 mm, an American blend tobacco mixture and a 27 mm long filter segment made of cellulose acetate was produced.
- the filter segment had a draw resistance of 84 mmWG.
- the smoke values can be very well adapted to an otherwise identical filter cigarette with a filter made of cellulose acetate.
- a filter made of cellulose acetate In addition to the flexibility in setting the draw resistance and filtration efficiency, there are also significant ecological advantages here, because cellulose acetate, which is difficult to biodegrade, can be dispensed with.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102022102066.5A DE102022102066A1 (de) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Segment für rauchartikel mit kalandrierter faserbahn |
PCT/EP2023/051409 WO2023144038A1 (de) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-20 | Segment für rauchartikel mit kalandrierter faserbahn |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4240905A1 true EP4240905A1 (de) | 2023-09-13 |
Family
ID=85037074
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23701682.9A Pending EP4240905A1 (de) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-20 | Segment für rauchartikel mit kalandrierter faserbahn |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4240905A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102022102066A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023144038A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3346682A (en) * | 1962-03-16 | 1967-10-10 | Du Pont | Method for making a filtering medium from plexifilamentary material |
DE19753195A1 (de) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-05-27 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Biologisch abbaubarer Filter für Cigaretten |
DE19951062C2 (de) * | 1999-10-22 | 2002-04-04 | Rhodia Acetow Gmbh | Hochleistungs-Zigarettenfilter |
DE102004048651A1 (de) | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-13 | Rhodia Acetow Gmbh | Tabakrauchfilter oder -filterelemente mit einem Gehalt an Zusatzstoffen |
-
2022
- 2022-01-28 DE DE102022102066.5A patent/DE102022102066A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-01-20 EP EP23701682.9A patent/EP4240905A1/de active Pending
- 2023-01-20 WO PCT/EP2023/051409 patent/WO2023144038A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102022102066A1 (de) | 2023-08-03 |
WO2023144038A1 (de) | 2023-08-03 |
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