EP4217649A1 - Projektionsmodul eines kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfers und kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer mit einem solchen projektionsmodul - Google Patents
Projektionsmodul eines kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfers und kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer mit einem solchen projektionsmodulInfo
- Publication number
- EP4217649A1 EP4217649A1 EP21769897.6A EP21769897A EP4217649A1 EP 4217649 A1 EP4217649 A1 EP 4217649A1 EP 21769897 A EP21769897 A EP 21769897A EP 4217649 A1 EP4217649 A1 EP 4217649A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- projection lens
- projection
- projection module
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/28—Cover glass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/60—Heating of lighting devices, e.g. for demisting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a projection module of a headlight of a motor vehicle.
- the projection module comprises a light source for emitting light, primary optics for bundling, shaping and/or deflecting the light emitted by the light source, and secondary optics in the form of a projection lens, which forms an intermediate image of an intermediate image plane in the beam path between the primary optics and the secondary optics is arranged, images in a light exit direction of the projection module in an apron in front of the motor vehicle as a resultant light distribution of the projection module.
- the projection module has a heating element for heating the projection lens.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a projection lens, which can be heated by means of a heating element, of a projection module of a headlight of a motor vehicle.
- the invention also relates to a headlight of a motor vehicle.
- the headlight includes a housing with a light passage opening arranged in a light exit direction of the headlight.
- a projection module and a motor vehicle headlight of the type mentioned is known, for example, from JP 2007-242 291 A.
- a flat heating element for heating a cover of the headlight, which closes a light passage opening of the headlight housing, at any point in the headlight, except on the cover itself.
- the flat heating element is applied to the outer surface of the projection lens by means of a coating process, for example vacuum vapor deposition or sputter deposition process using ITO (indium tin oxide; indium tin oxide).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the flat heating element therefore has no discrete conductor tracks, but instead emits heat over the entire surface when current is applied. Contact points of the flat heating element are applied, for example, using a conductive paint.
- the projection module described has the disadvantage that applying and contacting the heating element is very complex and expensive. For this reason, the method described has not and will not become established in large-scale production in the future.
- the cited prior art is almost 15 years old, in practice, conventional heating of the inside of the cover pane of a motor vehicle headlight by means of a heated air flow is still used. Either waste heat from electrical or electronic components or heat generated by separate heating elements inside the headlight housing is used to heat the air flow.
- the projection module is arranged in the light passage opening of the headlight housing and the projection lens forms the end of the headlight to the outside in the light emission direction. Since there is no cover pane, moisture (eg raindrops, fog, condensation, etc.) and ice (eg snow, icing, hail, hoarfrost, etc.) settle on the outside of the projection lens in such headlights. This effect is further intensified by the fact that the outer surface of the projection lens of such headlights is often arranged in a depression in which moisture and ice can settle particularly easily.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a simple and inexpensive, but nevertheless efficient way of defrosting projection lenses of light modules of motor vehicle headlights, especially if the headlights do not have a cover plate to close the light passage opening of a headlight housing.
- the heating element has a transparent film made of an electrically insulating material and conductor tracks applied to it or embedded therein, which are connected to an electrical energy source via a switching element, the heating element being at least on a partial area applied to a light entry and/or light exit surface of the projection lens of the projection module or is at least introduced into a part of the projection lens itself, so that the heating element heats up the projection lens when the current flow through the conductor tracks is switched on.
- the present invention can be implemented in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner. Prefabrication and keeping a large number of heating elements in stock is easily possible. The finished heating element then only has to be applied to an outer surface of the projection lens or introduced into the lens and electrically contacted during the production of the projection lens or the projection module.
- the transparent film is preferably flexible enough to accommodate a curvature or slight curvature of the outer surface of the Projection lens can adjust.
- the projection lens is preferably designed as a cylindrical lens. This has a light exit surface with a greater curvature around a cylinder axis and a significantly smaller curvature around an axis running transversely to the cylinder axis.
- the curvature around the axis running transversely to the cylinder axis is preferably very small, in particular almost zero. Consequently, the light exit surface of the lens is flat or almost flat in a cross-sectional plane which includes the cylinder axis.
- the cylinder axis runs in a substantially vertical direction, that is to say approximately transversely to the roadway on which the vehicle is standing or driving.
- Cylindrical lenses are generally referred to as lenses with two cylindrical surfaces. Within the meaning of the present invention, however, lenses with toric surfaces (ie lenses whose surface emerges from a torus) are also referred to as cylindrical lenses.
- a further advantage of the invention consists in the small number of parts required for the production and contacting of the heating element and in the simple assembly of the heating element on or in the projection lens.
- the transparent carrier film preferably consists of a plastic, for example a transparent polycarbonate (PC).
- the plastic used should be UV and/or heat resistant and—at least when the heating element is applied to an outer surface of the projection lens—be weather and/or acid resistant.
- the durability of the plastic ensures that the plastic does not become brittle or hard over its lifetime due to UV radiation and weather, does not crack and does not discolour. It is conceivable, for example, to use Makrofol® UV 244 from Covestro AG, Leverkusen, Germany as the material for the carrier film.
- the film has a thickness in the range of 100-600 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 200-500 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably in the range of about 350 ⁇ m.
- the conductor tracks can be conductor tracks, for example made of copper, printed onto the transparent carrier film.
- the conductor tracks are formed by heating wires, which heat up when current flows and heat to the Leave the projection lens and defrost it.
- the heating wires are preferably made of a metal, for example copper. They preferably have a circular cross-sectional area. However, other cross-sectional areas (eg oval or rectangular) are also conceivable. Without electrical insulation, the heating wires have a diameter in the range of 10-100 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 30-70 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably in the range of 40-55 ⁇ m.
- Insulation can be applied at least in sections to the wires, for example in the form of an insulating lacquer or a plastic insulation.
- the diameter of the heating wires increases by about 20-30% or by about 10-20 pm.
- a heating wire with a diameter of 44 ⁇ m without insulation and 56 ⁇ m with insulation is very particularly preferred.
- the small diameter of the heating wires leads to negligibly small light losses if the wires are evenly distributed on or in the projection lens. In particular, the loss of light is in a range of ⁇ 1%. There is also no risk of uncontrolled scattering, refraction or diffraction of the light passing through the lens due to the heating wires.
- the conductor tracks can, for example, run parallel to one another or concentrically.
- the ends of the individual conductor tracks can be routed together to a switching element or an electrical energy source.
- a single conductor track is preferably applied to the carrier film or introduced into it in a meandering manner in a plurality of loops.
- the loops of the conductor track can, for example, run parallel to one another or concentrically.
- the ends of the conductor track can be led to a contacting element, which can be part of the heating element.
- the contacting element can be connected to a switching element or to an electrical energy source.
- the application and fastening of the heating element on an outer surface of the projection lens can be carried out, for example, by means of adhesion or by means of an adhesive.
- the adhesive is preferably transparent and heat-resistant in the cured state. UV, weather and acid resistance of the adhesive would also be beneficial.
- the carrier foil of the heating element preferably points on one side an adhesive layer by which the heating element can be attached to the outer surface of the projection lens.
- the heating element is inserted into an injection molding tool as part of the production of the projection lens by means of an injection molding process (so-called molding) and then the material of the lens (e.g. glass or transparent plastic, e.g. PC, PMMA, etc.) in the tool is sprayed onto the heating element.
- the injected hot material of the lens connects preferably with the material of the carrier film and, after hardening, ensures an inseparable connection between the heating element and the projection lens.
- a materially bonded connection, in particular a melted connection is preferably produced between the transparent film and the projection lens.
- the heating element can also be introduced between two parts of the projection lens during the production of the projection lens by means of a so-called co-molding process.
- the introduction of the heating element into the projection lens can, for example, take place in several steps as part of the production of the projection lens, as is known, for example, from DE 10 2010 033 902 A1.
- the content of this publication is hereby made the subject matter of the present application in its entirety.
- a first part of the projection lens can be manufactured by means of an injection molding tool in a first process cycle.
- the heating element is then placed in the injection molding tool on the first part and, in order to produce a further part of the projection lens, the material of the lens is overmolded again in a further process cycle.
- the two parts of the lens and the transparent film also connect to each other and form an inseparable connection after curing.
- the various parts or the transparent film of the inserted heating element can no longer be seen with the naked eye.
- the headlight has a projection module according to the invention in the housing. It is particularly preferred if the light passage opening of the headlight housing is not closed by a cover pane and if the projection module, in particular the projection lens, is sealed off from the housing around the light exit direction of the headlight.
- the advantages of the heatable projection lens of the light module according to the invention come into play particularly in headlights without a cover plate, where the outer surface of the projection lens forms the end of the projection module or headlight to the outside in the light exit direction of the headlight.
- a direct and immediate heating of the projection lens ensures a particularly efficient defrosting of the projection lens and a particularly rapid response.
- a waterproof, elastic material for example plastic or rubber, is preferably used to seal the projection module or the projection lens in relation to the headlight housing.
- Sufficient flexibility of the material for sealing allows the projection module or the projection lens to be moved relative to the headlight housing, for example to implement a vertical basic setting, a headlight range adjustment and/or a dynamic cornering light.
- a headlight range adjustment and/or a dynamic cornering light can also be implemented purely electrically, in that a semiconductor light source array, e.g. in the form of an LED array, is used as the light source of the light module and the semiconductor light sources are controlled in a targeted manner in order to switch them on. turn off or dim.
- the light source comprises at least one semiconductor light source, in particular at least one LED, preferably a multi-chip LED.
- a plurality of LED semiconductor light sources can be arranged next to and one above the other in the manner of a matrix, so that they form an LED array.
- the light emitted by semiconductor light sources often does not contain enough thermal energy (IR radiation components) to ensure that the projection lens or the cover plate is heated up and the light module or the headlight is defrosted without additional heating.
- IR radiation components thermal energy
- the conductor tracks of the heating element are routed to the outside on a contacting side of the transparent carrier film.
- the heating element can thus be connected to the switching element or the electrical energy source quickly and reliably in a particularly simple manner.
- contacting areas can be formed, which further simplify the contacting.
- an electrical printed circuit board be attached to the transparent film on the contacting side and contacting areas of the printed circuit board be contacted with the conductor tracks of the heating element.
- the circuit board can be flexible or rigid.
- the conductor track ends on the contacting side of the carrier foil are therefore in electrical contact with contacting areas of the printed circuit board.
- the electrical contact can be implemented, for example, via conductor tracks that are formed on the printed circuit board in a manner known per se.
- the printed circuit board can be attached to the transparent carrier film on the contacting side in any desired manner, in particular by gluing, laminating, welding, in particular laser welding, etc. Electrical contacting of the conductor tracks of the heating element and conductor tracks of the printed circuit board can also take place in any desired manner, e.g. by soldering, in particular ultrasonic soldering, welding, gluing, etc.
- the contacting areas can, for example, have contacting surfaces applied to the printed circuit board, which further simplify the contacting.
- the contacting surfaces can be glued to the printed circuit board, for example, by means of self-adhesive contact pads, for example made of copper, and contacted with the conductor track ends of the carrier foil.
- the contact pads can be glued around the circuit board so that the beaded contact pads are glued to the top and bottom of the printed circuit board.
- the heating element can be contacted from the top and bottom of the printed circuit board at the same time, which enables particularly reliable and secure contacting.
- contacting surfaces are applied directly to the carrier film, which simplify the contacting.
- the contacting surfaces can be glued to the carrier foil, for example, by means of self-adhesive contact pads, for example made of copper, and contacted with the conductor tracks.
- the contact pads can be glued around the carrier film so that the beaded contact pads are glued to the top and bottom of the carrier film.
- the heating element can be contacted simultaneously from the top and bottom of the carrier film, which enables particularly reliable and secure contacting.
- the heating element has a contacting element which is in contact with the conductor tracks of the heating element and via which the conductor tracks are connected to the switching element or the electrical energy source.
- the contacting element can be designed as a plug element.
- the connector element can be attached directly to the film on a contacting side of the transparent carrier film or to a printed circuit board which is attached to the transparent carrier film on a contacting side.
- the plug element can be designed as a plug or as a socket. It can mechanically engage a mating connector element (socket or plug), automatically establishing an electrical connection between the connector elements.
- the connector element can be attached directly to the carrier foil or the printed circuit board.
- the connector element can also be attached indirectly via wires to the carrier film or the printed circuit board.
- the connector element is movable relative to the carrier foil and/or the printed circuit board and can be positioned and aligned as desired for contacting the switching element or the electrical energy source.
- the contacting element can have contacting surfaces that are in contact with the conductor tracks of the heating element. The contacting areas are applied to a contacting side of the transparent carrier film or to an electrical circuit board which is attached to the carrier film on a contacting side of the latter.
- the contacting surfaces can be glued to the carrier foil, for example, by means of self-adhesive contact pads, for example made of copper, and contacted with the conductor track ends.
- the contact pads can be glued around the carrier film so that the beaded contact pads are glued to the top and bottom of the carrier film.
- the heating element can be contacted simultaneously from the top and bottom of the carrier film, which enables particularly reliable and secure contacting.
- the electrical contacting of the contacting surfaces to the switching element or the electrical energy source can take place, for example, via spring contact pins.
- spring contact pins By applying a force to the contact head of the pin, it is compressed to the installation dimension.
- a spring installed inside the pin ensures that the electrical contact between the pin head and the contact surface is maintained.
- the spring contact pins can be installed or inserted in suitable grooves in a lens carrier, which positions and holds the projection lens in the light module.
- a peripheral pin collar can be provided as a stop for the end position, which has a slightly larger diameter than the pin body. This stop ensures that there is counter support when the pin is pressed together and that the pin cannot move backwards.
- an opaque screen element be arranged on the outside of the projection lens, which covers areas of the heating element outside the conductor tracks, in particular contacting areas via which the conductor tracks are connected to the switching element or to the electrical energy source. From the outside, the screen element has, for example, a reflective or dark appearance.
- the aperture element can be a separate element, which of attached to the outside of the light exit surface of the projection lens, e.g. by means of gluing, welding, clamps, latches, clips, etc. It would also be conceivable for the screen element to be designed as an opaque layer that is applied to the light exit surface of the projection lens from the outside. It would also be conceivable for the separate screen element to be incorporated into the projection lens itself.
- a first part of the projection lens can be injected in a first process step.
- the diaphragm element is applied to the first part and, in at least one further process step, overmolded with material for at least one further part of the projection lens.
- the heating element can also be incorporated into the projection lens or applied to the light entry surface of the lens. It is crucial that the screen element is arranged outside the heating element in order to shield the covered part of the heating element from being viewed from the outside. Instead of being an opaque element, it would also be conceivable for the screen element to be partially transparent, for example in the manner of a frosted glass pane or the like.
- FIG. 1 shows a light module according to the invention of a motor vehicle headlight
- FIG. 2 shows a heating element for use in a light module of a motor vehicle headlight
- FIG. 3 shows the heating element from FIG. 2 in a plan view, in a cross section AA and in a detailed view X;
- FIG. 4 shows a circuit board as part of a heating element
- FIG. 5 shows a heating element from FIGS. 2 and 3 with the circuit board attached
- FIG. 6 shows the heating element with the printed circuit board attached thereto from FIG. 5 in a view from above;
- FIG. 7 shows the heating element with the printed circuit board attached to it from FIG. 5 applied to an inner surface of a projection lens of a light module of a motor vehicle headlight in a sectional view;
- FIG. 8 shows the heating element with a printed circuit board applied to a projection lens in a view from the inside
- FIG. 9 shows a heating element for use in a light module of a motor vehicle headlight
- FIG. 10 shows the heating element from FIG. 9 in detail with contacting surfaces for electrically contacting conductor tracks of the heating element
- FIG. 11 shows a heating element for use in a light module of a motor vehicle headlight with a plug element in a contacting area
- FIG. 12 shows the heating element from FIG. 11 in detail with a plug element for making electrical contact with conductor tracks of the heating element
- FIG. 13 shows a heating element from FIG. 9 with a printed circuit board attached thereto;
- FIG. 14 shows a section of the heating element from FIG. 13;
- FIG. 15 shows the heating element from FIG. 13 with the plug element fastened to the printed circuit board
- Figure 16 shows a heating element in a plan view, in a cross-section A-A and in a detailed view X;
- FIG. 17 shows the heating element from FIG. 16 with a printed circuit board attached thereto with a plug element in a contacting area;
- FIG. 18 shows the heating element from FIG. 16 with the plug element attached directly to a carrier film in a contacting area
- FIG. 19 shows a projection lens of a projection module of a motor vehicle headlight with a heating element integrated into the lens, in a horizontal section;
- FIG. 20 shows the projection lens from FIG. 19 in a vertical section
- FIG. 21 shows an injection mold for producing a projection lens according to FIG. 19 in a first process step
- FIG. 22 shows an injection mold for producing a projection lens according to FIG. 19 in a subsequent process step
- FIG. 23 shows a finished projection lens in a transparent view from the outside
- FIG. 24 shows a finished projection lens in a view from the outside with a screen element applied to the outer surface
- FIG. 25 shows another example of a heating element for use in a light module of a motor vehicle headlight
- FIG. 26 shows a section of the heating element from FIG. 25 with the contacting area in a view from above;
- FIG. 27 shows the detail from FIG. 26 in a perspective view obliquely from above
- FIG. 28 shows the detail from FIG. 26 in a perspective view obliquely from below
- FIG. 29 shows a comparison of the contact areas of the heating elements from FIGS. 11 and 12 and Figs. 25 to 28;
- FIG. 30 shows an example of a spring contact pin in an unloaded length for contacting the contacting area of the heating element from FIGS. 25 to 28;
- FIG. 31 shows the spring contact pin from FIG. 30 in a compressed length
- FIG. 32 shows an example for contacting the heating element from FIGS. 25 to
- FIG. 33 shows a lens carrier with integrated spring contact pins and plug element according to FIG. 32 in a view from the outside;
- FIG. 34 shows the lens carrier from FIG. 33 in detail in a view from the inside
- FIG. 35 shows the lens carrier from FIG. 33 in a view from the outside with a projection lens to be inserted
- FIG. 36 shows the lens carrier from FIG. 33 in detail in a view from the inside with a projection lens to be inserted;
- FIG. 37 shows the lens carrier from FIG. 33 in detail in a view from the inside with the projection lens inserted.
- FIG. 38 shows the lens carrier from FIG. 37 in cross section with the projection lens inserted.
- the projection module 2 comprises a light source for emitting light, which is arranged inside the projection module 2 in FIG. 1 and is therefore not visible.
- the light source preferably comprises at least one semiconductor light source, for example an LED or a laser diode, particularly preferably a semiconductor light source array.
- the projection optics 2 includes primary optics for bundling, shaping and/or deflecting the light emitted by the light source. The primary optics cannot be seen in FIG. 1 either. It can include one or more reflectors or lenses.
- the projection module 2 can also include one or more attachment optics, which bundle the light emitted by the light source by means of refraction on the light entry and/or light exit surface of the attachment optics and/or by means of total reflection at interfaces of the attachment optics.
- the projection module 2 includes secondary optics 4 in the form of a projection lens, which produces an intermediate image of an intermediate image plane, which is arranged in the beam path between the primary optics and the secondary optics 4, in a light exit direction 6 of the projection module 2 in a front area in front of the motor vehicle as the resulting light distribution of the Projection module 2 depicts.
- the projection lens is preferably designed as a cylindrical lens, with a light exit surface of the lens 4 having a greater curvature around a cylinder axis 60 and a smaller curvature around an axis running transversely to the cylinder axis 60 .
- the cylinder axis 60 runs in a substantially vertical direction.
- the projection module 2 is preferably arranged in a headlight housing, which has a light passage opening in the light exit direction 6, through which the light that has passed through the projection lens 4 is projected onto the roadway in front of the motor vehicle.
- the headlight housing preferably has no transparent cover plate which closes the light passage opening.
- the projection lens 4 forms the end of the headlight to the outside in the light exit direction 6 .
- the projection lens 4 has a heating element for heating the projection lens 4 .
- the configuration of the heating element for use in the projection module 2 according to the invention and the production of the projection lens 4 with such a heating element are explained in more detail below.
- the heating element 8 have a transparent carrier film 10 made of an electrically insulating material and conductor tracks 12 applied thereto or embedded therein, which are connected to an electrical energy source 16 via a switching element 14 .
- the energy source 16 can, for example, be a vehicle battery of the motor vehicle.
- a current flow through the conductor tracks 12 can be enabled or interrupted via the switching element 14 .
- the switching element 14 can be controlled manually, for example by the driver of the motor vehicle, or automatically, for example depending on the outside temperature or a temperature of the light module 2 or the projection lens 4 .
- the heating element 8 is applied at least to a partial area of a light entry and/or light exit surface of the projection lens 4 of the projection module 2 or at least introduced into a part of the projection lens 4 itself.
- the heating element 8 heats up the projection lens 4 and ensures that the same is efficiently defrosted.
- the projection lens 4 will be at least partially covered by snowfall and ice formation in wintry weather and that the light will be completely or partially blocked or that the course of the roadway will no longer be fully illuminated even fails completely.
- Washing systems are known for some headlights that spray the cover pane or the lens 4 of a light module 2 with antifreeze and in this way completely or partially prevent them from becoming clogged with snow and/or ice.
- the use of car washes is complex and expensive, and their efficiency is not always guaranteed, particularly at very low outside temperatures.
- the temperatures on the outer lenses 4 in the case of a headlight without a cover plate are usually not high enough to prevent ice and snow from settling on the lens 4.
- specific means that are arranged directly on or in the projection lens 4 it is possible to increase the temperature on the lenses 4 to such an extent that the accumulation of snow and ice is avoided.
- the warming up of the lens 4 ensures that little or no precipitation such as snow and ice settles on the outer surface of the lens and prevents too little light from being projected onto the road.
- a heatable projection lens 4 can essentially be obtained by inserting a carrier film 10 with an integrated or attached heating wire 12 into an injection molding tool and overmolding it with transparent material (e.g. plastic, in particular PC) from which the lens 4 is made.
- FIG 3 shows a heating element 8 in which the heating wire 12 is applied to the carrier film 10 .
- the heating wire 12 can also be integrated into the film 10 without any problems.
- the heating wire 12 can be welded into the carrier film 10 by means of ultrasonic welding. By applying a voltage to the exposed ends 18 of the heating wire 12, it heats up. The resulting heat 20 radiates to all sides and will also heat up the material surrounding the lens 4 and ultimately lead to the outer surface of the lens heating up. Sufficient heating prevents ice and snow from sticking to the heated surface.
- the carrier film 10 is preferably made of transparent plastic, for example PC, into which a thin heating wire 12 of the order of 50 ⁇ m is introduced.
- This wire 12 has a plastic coating or some other type of electrical insulation.
- the individual tracks or loops of the welded-in wire 12 should, if possible, cover a sufficiently large area on the film 10 in order to be able to heat the optically effective surface of the lens 4 as evenly as possible and over the largest possible area. With an even distribution of the paths or loops of the wire 12 on or in the projection lens 4 and the small diameter of the wire 12, there is a very small loss of light ⁇ 1%, which is negligible in terms of lighting technology.
- the film 10 is attached to a printed circuit board 22, for example glued on.
- the adhesive connection is denoted by reference number 26 in FIG.
- the circuit board 22 can be flexible or rigid.
- the printed circuit board 22 can be provided with a plug element 24, via which contacting with the switching element 14 and/or the energy source 16 is facilitated.
- the insulation-free wire ends 18 are bonded/soldered to the printed circuit board 22 .
- Conductor tracks 28 are applied to the printed circuit board 22 and form an electrical connection from the wire ends 18 to contacts 30 of the plug element 24 .
- This build consisting of the carrier film 10, the heating wire 12, the attached printed circuit board 22 with the connector element 24 forms the heating element 8 (see. Fig. 6).
- This heating element 8 can be placed in a plastic injection molding tool and overmolded or encapsulated with the material for manufacturing the projection lens 4 .
- the finished lens 4 with the heating element 8 attached thereto is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 shown.
- the projection lens 4 and the carrier film 10 are preferably made of the same material, for example PC.
- the overmolding or encapsulation creates an inseparable material connection between the heating element 8 and the lens 4 .
- Both the production of the heatable projection lens 4 and the assembly and electrical contacting of the lens 4 and the heating element 8 in the light module 2 can be carried out particularly quickly and easily. With active heating, the lens surface oriented in the direction of travel can be warmed up, and ice and snow are prevented from clogging this light exit surface.
- the material of the heating wire 12, the geometric dimensions of the wire 12 such as diameter and length, the specific electrical resistance of the wire 12 and the applied voltage and the current flowing through have an influence on the achievable heating power of the heating element 8. These parameters of the heating wire 12 can be chosen individually on a case-by-case basis.
- the heating element 8 can be heated by means of voltage or current control or regulation in order to avoid overheating, which could lead to impairment of the optical properties of the lens 4 or damage to the lens material.
- Electrical and/or electronic components required for the control and/or regulation can be provided on the printed circuit board 22 . These components include, for example, a temperature sensor and/or a microprocessor.
- a plug-in element 24 can also be attached directly to the carrier film 10 (cf. FIGS. 11 and 12).
- the heating wires 12 at their Ends 18 are provided with 32 copper pads.
- the copper pads 32 can, for example, adhere to the film 10 in a self-adhesive manner and be connected to the wire ends 18 that are not insulated, for example by means of a low-temperature soldering process.
- the contacts 30 of the connector element 24 are connected to the copper pads 32, for example by means of soldering (cf. FIG. 12).
- the overmolding or overmolding of the heating element 8 then takes place as part of the production of the projection lens 4 in an injection molding process (molding or co-molding) as described above.
- the advantage of this design is that since there is no separate circuit board 22, less installation space is required.
- a further alternative for applying an electrical voltage to the wires 12 of the heating element 8 can be done by means of a flexible printed circuit board 22 (cf. FIGS. 13 to 15).
- a flexible printed circuit board 22 is attached to a contact side of the transparent film 10 with the integrated heating wires 12, for example by laminating or gluing 26.
- the insulation-free wire ends 18 are then soldered onto the printed circuit board 22 on contact surfaces 32 provided for this purpose.
- the printed circuit board 22 has conductor tracks 28 which connect the contact areas 32 to the contacts 30 of the plug element 24 .
- the flexible printed circuit board 22 can be folded, and as a result the heating element 8 only requires a reduced length. This enables a compact construction of the overmolded or encapsulated lens 4 with the integrated heating element 8.
- the current-carrying conductor tracks 12 of the heating element 8 are designed as heating wires that are applied to the carrier film 10 or introduced into it.
- printed strands 12a can alternatively also serve as current-carrying paths (cf. FIGS. 16 to 18). These can be printed onto the transparent film 10, for example, in a screen printing process or by means of pad printing or inkjet printing.
- the applied printed strands 12a are used as current-carrying paths and are used similarly to the heating wires 12 when voltage is applied to heat up the projection lens 4.
- the design of the dimensions of the printed conductor strands 12a is particularly important. On the one hand, these must be able to offer a correspondingly low resistance (depending on the material used and on a cross-sectional area of the strands 12a) in order to be able to be applied easily and inexpensively to the film 10 on the one hand and on the other hand to be able to provide the desired heat output.
- the conductor strands 12a should be designed as narrow as possible. A width of the strands 12a on the order of about 0.5 mm would still be acceptable. The loss of light would then be in the range of about 5%.
- the thickness should be greater than that of usual screen printing, i.e. a thickness of >50 pm should be achieved .
- the electrical contacting possibilities of the carrier film 10 with printed strands 12a as conductor tracks essentially correspond to those of the initially described embodiments with carrier film 10 and heating wires 12 (cf. FIGS. 17 and 18).
- the flat heating elements 8 described above have been attached to one side (inside or outside) of a projection lens 4 in an injection molding process (cf. FIG. 7).
- a further possible embodiment would be to introduce the heating element 8 into the projection lens 4 itself by being overmoulded with the material of the lens 4 on the inside and outside (cf. FIGS. 19 to 22).
- the method is designed in two stages.
- a first stage as described above, the carrier film 10 is overmolded with integrated Conductor tracks 12 with a layer of the material 4.1, for example plastic, in particular PC, from which the projection lens 4 consists (cf. FIG. 21).
- lens material 4.2 is injected onto the side of the carrier film 10 that is still free (cf. FIG. 22).
- the coating of the heating element 8 with the lens material takes place in an injection molding tool, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 is shown.
- a first tool side is denoted by W1
- a second tool side by W2.
- the heating element 8 in the form of the transparent film 10 made of an electrically insulating material and conductor tracks 12, 12a applied thereto or embedded therein at least on a partial area of a light entry and/or or applied to the light exit surface of the projection lens 4 of the projection module 2 or at least introduced into a part of the projection lens 4 itself.
- a first part 4.1 of the projection lens 4 is first manufactured using an injection molding tool W, the heating element 8 is placed in the injection molding tool W, if available on the first part 4.1 of the projection lens 4, and another part 4.2 of the projection lens 4 is produced on the heating element 8 by means of the injection molding tool W.
- a first tool insert WE1 is preferably exchanged for a second tool insert WE2 between the first stage (FIG. 21) and the second stage (FIG. 22).
- the second tool insert WE2 offers a depression 34 for injection molding the second part 4.2 of the lens 4.
- the finished projection lens 4 encloses the heating element 8 and only keeps the plug element 24 free in order to supply the heating element 8 or the conductor tracks 12, 12a with voltage.
- FIG. 23 shows a view of the finished projection lens 4 provided with the integrated heating element 8 against the light exit direction 6, ie from the outside.
- the outer transparent first part 4.1 of the lens 4 and behind it the heating element 8 with all its components 10, 12, 18, 22 can be seen very clearly.
- the contacting area of the heating element 8 (with the printed circuit board 22, the conductor tracks 28, the contact surfaces 32 and the plug element 24) as well as a production-related edge of the projection lens 4 can be covered by means of a screen element 36 (a cover, a frame or design part) (cf. 24).
- the screen element 36 can be opaque or partially transparent.
- An opaque screen element 36 has, for example, a silver or black color.
- the diaphragm element 36 can be a separate element which is attached to the outer surface of the lens 4, for example by means of gluing or welding. It would also be conceivable for the diaphragm element 36 to be applied to the outer surface of the lens 4 as a layer of paint, for example by means of spraying or dipping. Finally, it would also be conceivable for the diaphragm element 36 to be applied as one of several components of the lens 4 as part of the multi-stage production process by means of the injection molding process. For this purpose, the screen element 36 can first be inserted into the injection molding tool and sprayed over with a first layer 4.1 of the material of the lens 4. The heating element 8 is then placed on the first layer 4.1 and sprayed over with a second layer 4.2.
- a connector element 24 directly on the carrier film 10 is dispensed with. While in the previously described embodiments a plug-in connection was made directly on the film 10 by means of a plug element 24 (socket housing and pin housing), in this embodiment the electrical contact to the switching element 14 and/or the energy source 16 is made by contact pins (cf 30 to 32) on contact pads (cf. FIGS. 26 to 28) which are applied directly to the film 10.
- the advantages lie in a simple and inexpensive production of the heating element 8 and in a simple but reliable integration (mechanical fastening and electrical contacting) of the projection lens 4 in the projection module 2.
- this design requires particularly few parts and less space in the light module 2. This enables weight reduction and opens up new styling options for the light module 2.
- 25 shows the above-described carrier film 10 made of plastic with the applied or integrated conductor tracks 12 (eg heating wires or strands printed on). The ends 18 of the conductor tracks 12 are guided to the lateral edge on a contacting side of the film 10 .
- 26 shows contact pads 38, which can consist of a copper foil, for example.
- the contact pads 38 can be self-adhesive, so that simple attachment to the carrier film 10 and contacting with the conductor tracks 12 or their ends 18 in the contacting area of the film 10 is possible.
- the wire ends 18 can be soldered to the contact pads 38 .
- Laterally protruding sections 38a of the contact pads 38 can be folded backwards and attached to the back of the carrier film 10 (cf. FIGS. 26 to 28).
- the folded contact pads 38 with their contact surfaces on the front and the back of the foil 10 offer a suitable surface for an electrical contact connection.
- this results in a significantly narrower contacting area 40 since the plug element 24 takes up a relatively large amount of space in the previous embodiments (cf. FIG. 29).
- the contact area 40 is reduced to approximately 35% of the previous value (eg only 7 mm instead of the previous 20 mm).
- the contact pads 38 can be electrically contacted by means of spring contact pins 42 .
- a force F compressive force
- Figure 30 shows the unloaded (original) length of the pin 42
- Figure 31 shows the compressed length (final assembled length).
- Establishing and maintaining the contact between the pin head 44 and the contact pad 38 is ensured by a spring element built into the interior of the pin 42 .
- the diameter of the contact surface on the pin head 44 or of the entire pin 42 and the pin lengths can be designed as desired or selected from existing standard dimensions from suitable suppliers.
- the contact forces or the spring forces F can also be designed specifically for the application or selected from standard versions.
- a diameter D of the pin 42 of 1.5 mm and a contact area of 1.767 mm 2 (U ⁇ (d/2) 2 ) is proposed.
- contact pins 42 with attached cable 46 could be used, which are already brought together in a connector housing 24a (cf. FIG. 32).
- the pins 42 are placed in suitable grooves 48 in a lens carrier 50 and fastened therein (cf. FIG. 33).
- the lens carrier 50 serves to fasten the projection lens 4 in the projection module 2.
- a pin collar 52 with a slightly larger diameter than the pin body serves as a stop for the end position. This stop 52 ensures that when the pin 42 is pressed together, there is counter support and the pin 42 cannot move backwards.
- the plug 24a can be attached to the lens carrier 50 in an area as far away from the lens 4 as desired, for example by means of a clip connection (cf. FIG. 34).
- a cover 54 could be clipped on to laterally secure the position of the contact pins 42 in the grooves 48 (cf. FIGS. 34 and 36).
- Other fastening options with or without an additional fastening or securing part are also conceivable.
- the projection lens 4 with the integrated heating element 8 can be applied to the lens carrier 50 (cf. FIG. 35).
- the projection lens can have a sealing foot 56 which, when placed on the lens carrier 50, enters a sealing channel 58 which is formed on the lens carrier 50.
- the sealing channel 58 can be filled with an adhesive or a sealing compound (e.g. butyl) beforehand.
- the sealing foot 56 can run over the entire circumference of the lens 4 . At least in this case the sealing channel 58 would then also run over the entire circumference of the lens 4 .
- the projection lens 4 is fastened to the lens carrier 50 almost inseparably.
- the lens 4 can also be attached to the lens carrier 50 in some other way, for example by means of a retaining spring, laser welding or the like.
- the lens 4 compresses the spring contact pins 42 to a predetermined final dimension.
- the contact pads 38 which are located on the inside of the lens 4, and the contact surfaces 44 of the pin heads permanent spring-loaded contact that enables the electrical contacting of the heating element 8 integrated in the lens 4.
- Contact is made automatically when the lens 4 is mounted on the lens carrier 50. This allows the contacts 38 to be placed in areas that are difficult or inaccessible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020124774.5A DE102020124774A1 (de) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Projektionsmodul eines Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfers und Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer mit einem solchen Projektionsmodul |
PCT/EP2021/073239 WO2022063500A1 (de) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-08-23 | Projektionsmodul eines kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfers und kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer mit einem solchen projektionsmodul |
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EP4217649A1 true EP4217649A1 (de) | 2023-08-02 |
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EP21769897.6A Pending EP4217649A1 (de) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-08-23 | Projektionsmodul eines kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfers und kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer mit einem solchen projektionsmodul |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4217649A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116209854A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020124774A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022063500A1 (de) |
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DE102022106579B4 (de) | 2022-03-21 | 2025-06-12 | Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen (Germany) GmbH | Heizelement zum Beheizen eines Bauteils eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Steckverbinder zur Verwendung in einem solchen Heizelement und Radom für eine Kraftfahrzeugantenne mit einem solchen Heizelement |
EP4571177A1 (de) * | 2023-12-15 | 2025-06-18 | ZKW Group GmbH | Fahrzeugerfassungs- und/oder beleuchtungseinheit für ein fahrzeug |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10109587A (ja) | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Koito Mfg Co Ltd | 車両用灯具 |
JP2007242291A (ja) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-09-20 | Ichikoh Ind Ltd | 車両用灯具 |
JP5409094B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-17 | 2014-02-05 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 曲面状成形体及びその製造方法並びに車両灯具用前面カバー及びその製造方法 |
DE102010033902A1 (de) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kunststofflinse einer Kraftfahrzeugbeleuchtungseinrichtung, nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Kunststofflinse und Werkzeug zur Herstellung der Kunststofflinse |
FR3050899A1 (fr) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-03 | Valeo Vision | Glace de projecteur automobile avec electrodes metalliques surmoulees |
DE102016210636A1 (de) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-21 | Osram Gmbh | Optik für einen Scheinwerfer, Optikanordnung und Scheinwerfer |
US10995924B2 (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2021-05-04 | Nissan North America, Inc. | Headlight lens assembly |
US11512831B2 (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2022-11-29 | Yi Deng | Heating unit for light sources, installation and control system thereof |
US20200232635A1 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | James Carl Parson | Heated Light Apparatus |
-
2020
- 2020-09-23 DE DE102020124774.5A patent/DE102020124774A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-08-23 WO PCT/EP2021/073239 patent/WO2022063500A1/de unknown
- 2021-08-23 EP EP21769897.6A patent/EP4217649A1/de active Pending
- 2021-08-23 CN CN202180064064.6A patent/CN116209854A/zh active Pending
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DE102020124774A1 (de) | 2022-03-24 |
CN116209854A (zh) | 2023-06-02 |
WO2022063500A1 (de) | 2022-03-31 |
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