EP4212810A1 - Four tunnel à roue-rail à plusieurs canaux - Google Patents

Four tunnel à roue-rail à plusieurs canaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4212810A1
EP4212810A1 EP21920542.4A EP21920542A EP4212810A1 EP 4212810 A1 EP4212810 A1 EP 4212810A1 EP 21920542 A EP21920542 A EP 21920542A EP 4212810 A1 EP4212810 A1 EP 4212810A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
kiln
gas
gas injection
channel
gas extraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21920542.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4212810A4 (fr
Inventor
Xia Wang
Zhen Wu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cinoapex Thermo Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Cinoapex Thermo Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110073681.4A external-priority patent/CN112728933A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202120158273.4U external-priority patent/CN215113871U/zh
Application filed by Cinoapex Thermo Technology Suzhou Co Ltd filed Critical Cinoapex Thermo Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Publication of EP4212810A1 publication Critical patent/EP4212810A1/fr
Publication of EP4212810A4 publication Critical patent/EP4212810A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/021—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/04—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B9/045—Furnaces with controlled atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/10—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated by hot air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/02—Skids or tracks for heavy objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of tunnel kilns, in particular to a multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln.
  • the high-temperature calcination process determines the physical and chemical properties of the cathode materials to a considerable extent, which has a great impact on the performance of the finally assembled lithium-ion batteries.
  • continuous kilns are mostly used in the production of cathode materials, which are mainly tunnel kilns.
  • Tunnel kilns are usually kilns with a tunnel structure having openings at both ends and built by refractory materials, thermal insulation materials and building materials, which can be implemented in a variety of forms, such as push plate tunnel kiln (simply as pusher kiln), roller tunnel kiln (simply as roller kiln), wheel-rail tunnel kiln (also known as kiln-car tunnel kiln), etc.
  • High-temperature calcination is performed on the cathode materials through continuous kilns.
  • pusher kiln and roller kiln have a problem of relatively low yield.
  • the wheel-rail tunnel kiln has a higher yield comparing with the abovementioned two kilns, but it has problems such as poor gas tightness, thereby it is difficult to be applied to the production for the cathode materials with higher requirement on the calcination atmosphere.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln.
  • the present disclosure provides a multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln, which includes: a kiln body, equipped with a furnace wall, a partition wall and a track, wherein the furnace wall defines a furnace chamber and is divided into at least two kiln chambers in one-to-one correspondence to the track by the partition wall, and the track is located inside the kiln chambers; the first atmosphere regulating chamber equipped with the first internal channel, which is connected with the furnace wall at the head of kiln through the first gastight gate, wherein the first internal channel is optionally communicated with or isolated from at least two kiln chambers through the first gastight gate; the second atmosphere regulating chamber equipped with the second internal channel, which is connected with the furnace wall at the kiln tail through the second gastight gate, wherein the second internal channel is optionally communicated with or isolated from at least two kiln chambers through the second gastight gate; the outer housing of kiln, which wraps the kiln body in a gas
  • the tunnel kiln includes an outer housing of first regulating chamber hermetically enclosing the first atmosphere regulating chamber and an outer housing of second regulating chamber hermetically enclosing the second atmosphere regulating chamber.
  • both ends of the outer housing of the kiln are respectively hermetically connected to the outer housing of the first regulating chamber and the outer housing of the second regulating chamber.
  • a first moving mechanism that is capable of mating with the track in a manner of abutting joint and is movable is arranged in the first internal channel; and/or a second moving mechanism that is capable of mating with the track in a manner of abutting joint and is movable is provided in the second internal channel.
  • the first internal channel has a plurality of first sub-channels, which are consistent with the number of at least two kiln chambers and are independent of each other, and the first moving mechanism includes a plurality of first sub-moving mechanisms respectively located in the plurality of first sub-channels; and/or the second internal channel has a plurality of second sub-channels that are consistent with the number of at least two kiln chambers and are independent of each other, and the second moving mechanism includes a plurality of second sub-moving mechanisms respectively located in the plurality of second sub-channels.
  • two adjacent kiln chambers share a partition wall.
  • the gas injection port of the gas injection mechanism is disposed on the partition wall, and the gas extraction port of the gas extraction mechanism is disposed on the furnace wall.
  • the gas injection port of the gas injection mechanism is arranged on the furnace wall, and the gas extraction port of the gas extraction mechanism is arranged on the partition wall; or the gas injection ports of the gas injection mechanism are respectively arranged on the furnace wall and the partition wall, and the gas extraction ports of the gas extraction mechanism are respectively arranged on the furnace wall and the partition wall.
  • the gas extraction port of the gas extraction mechanism when the gas extraction port of the gas extraction mechanism is arranged on the partition wall, the gas extraction port leads to the gas outlet port from the bottom of the kiln body.
  • the gas injection mechanism includes a plurality of gas injection groups arranged from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body, and each gas injection group includes a plurality of gas injection ports, wherein the plurality of gas injection ports are distributed on the section of the kiln body and arranged from the bottom of kiln to the kiln roof along the kiln body; and the gas extraction mechanism includes a plurality of gas extraction groups arranged from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body, and each gas extraction group includes a plurality of gas extraction ports, wherein the plurality of gas extraction ports are distributed on the section of the kiln body and arranged from the bottom of kiln to the kiln roof along the kiln body.
  • the gas injection group and the gas extraction group are arranged oppositely; and/or along the direction from the kiln head to the kiln tail of the kiln body, on the partition wall or furnace wall from the same side, the gas injection groups in the gas injection mechanism and the gas extraction groups in the gas extraction mechanism are alternately arranged.
  • the furnace wall is provided with a curved sealing groove, wherein the curved sealing groove is configured to be embedded by the carrier traveling in the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln.
  • the carrier has a convex structure, and the convex structure can be embedded in the curved sealing groove.
  • the section of the curved sealing groove is U-shaped, and the curved sealing groove extends from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body.
  • small holes are evenly distributed on the curved sealing groove.
  • the partition wall is provided with a gas distribution chamber and an injector, the gas distribution chamber is configured to make the gas dispersedly go through the gas injection ports and ejected through the injector.
  • the first atmosphere regulating chamber and the second atmosphere regulating chamber are respectively equipped with a carrier driving device.
  • the carrier driving device includes a towline and a hydraulic propeller.
  • the cathode materials of batteries such as lithium-ion batteries need to be calcined during the production process, and many other types of cathode materials such as high-nickel ternary or lithium iron phosphate have higher requirements for the calcination atmosphere during high-temperature calcination. Therefore, how to calcinate materials with high efficiency and high quality to make cathode materials is a problem that needs to be carefully considered.
  • the inventor proposed a multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln after studying the existing calcination equipment (mainly tunnel kiln). It is worth pointing out that although the present disclosure proposes the tunnel kiln based on calcination to make cathode materials, the use of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. That is to say, the tunnel kiln is also suitable for calcination of other materials, such as calcination of ceramics, inorganic material powder or other alloy materials. Moreover annealing treatment and other operations can be performed as well. The present disclosure does not limit the application method of the tunnel kiln.
  • the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln mainly includes a kiln body, two atmosphere regulating chambers (respectively referred to as the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 and the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 for convenience of distinction and description), the outer housing of kiln 28 and the atmosphere control device.
  • the outer housing of kiln 28 encloses the kiln body in a gastight manner, so as to reduce or even completely avoid the adverse effect of interfering with the calcination atmosphere caused by outside gas entering the kiln body.
  • the atmosphere control device is configured to adjust the atmosphere in the kiln body to meet the actual calcination requirements of the cathode material.
  • the atmosphere control device is configured to adjust the process gas required for calcination.
  • Two of the atmosphere regulating chambers are respectively connected to the kiln head and the kiln tail of the kiln body, so as to adjust the gas during the process of conveying the cathode materials, to prevent the outside gas from entering the kiln body from the kiln head or the kiln tail and disturbing the calcination atmosphere.
  • the cathode material can be efficiently and quickly transported in the tunnel kiln without introducing interfering gases.
  • cathode materials can be produced with high yield and high quality.
  • the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln can generally choose to use a kiln car as the conveying equipment (also called a carrier) for the cathode material.
  • calcining materials can be loaded on the carrier through various containers (such as the saggar 2).
  • the container filled with calcining materials is placed on the carrier, and both enter the first atmosphere regulating chamber from outside the tunnel kiln together.
  • the atmosphere is adjusted in the first atmosphere regulating chamber, both enter the kiln body for calcination, and then enter the second atmosphere regulating chamber. Thereafter, the carrier leaves the second atmosphere regulating chamber for atmosphere adjustment, and the calcination process is completed.
  • the kiln body is extended from the kiln head (the entrance of the material to be calcined) to the kiln tail (the outlet of the material after calcination). Therefore, for the convenience of description, the direction from the kiln head to the kiln tail can be defined as the length direction, and at the same time, the section at any position in the aforementioned length direction is further defined as the width direction, that is, the direction from one side of the furnace wall to the other side of the furnace wall is defined as the width direction.
  • the direction from the bottom of kiln to the kiln roof 16 is defined as the height direction.
  • Fig. 1 shows the distribution of the components of the tunnel kiln in the length direction. Among them, two atmosphere regulating chambers are respectively located at the head and tail ends of the kiln body.
  • the kiln body is mainly composed of furnace walls, and has a furnace chamber 4 as shown in Fig. 1 defined by the enclosed furnace walls.
  • the furnace walls include, for example, a left wall 171, a right wall 172 and a kiln roof 16, as shown in Fig. 2 .
  • a partition wall 173 is further provided in the furnace chamber 4, wherein the partition wall 173 is roughly located in the middle of the width direction of the kiln body, and certainly can also be located at other positions, which are not limited herein; and the upper part of the partition wall 173 is in contact (or combined) with the kiln roof 16, and the lower part of the partition wall 173 is in contact (or combined) with the gastight outer housing of the kiln bottom.
  • the partition wall 173 divides the furnace chamber 4 into a plurality of channels independent of each other (so that the gases are isolated).
  • the number of channels is at least two, and the number of channels varies according to the number of partition walls 173.
  • one partition wall 173 is set inside the furnace chamber 4, and the furnace chamber 4 is divided into two kiln chambers 901.
  • each kiln chamber 901 can have an independent partition wall 173 or two adjacent kiln chambers 901 can share one partition wall 173 (as shown in the embodiment in the present disclosure).
  • the construction method of the partition wall 173 can be adjusted as required, such as its thickness, shape and so on.
  • the number of partition walls 173 can be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the kiln, and improving the space utilization rate in the furnace chamber of the kiln body, which is conducive to calcining more materials; at the same time, this design also is helpful to centrally arrange various pipelines, etc.
  • each kiln chamber 901 can process different types of cathode materials, and the same type of cathode materials can certainly be processed at the same time, thereby improving the flexibility and conveniences of its use.
  • different kiln chambers 901 can be configured to produce different cathode materials, respectively, wherein the process gases required by the corresponding cathode materials are fed in respectively, and the respective cathode materials are transported, so as to realize simultaneous processing of different types of cathode materials.
  • the tunnel kiln in some embodiments of the present disclosure can process different types of cathode materials at the same time or implement different calcination processes.
  • Track 15 is equipped in the furnace chamber 4 of the kiln body, referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 .
  • the track 15 is laid on the bottom of the kiln chamber 901.
  • the track 15 is built on the inner surface of the outer housing of kiln 28 at the bottom of the kiln chamber 901.
  • the gastightness of the kiln body will not be affected by the track laid on the bottom of the kiln chamber 901.
  • the length of the track 15 can be limited within the kiln body without extending out of the kiln body.
  • the number of tracks 15 is the same as the number of kiln chambers 901, that is, one track 15 is arranged in each kiln chamber 901.
  • additional arrangements such as spare tracks can also be provided in each kiln chamber 901, which is not limited herein.
  • the kiln body is surrounded by an outer housing of kiln 28 configured for sealing it.
  • the outer housing of kiln 28 can be provided with through holes, grooves and other structures according to needs, so as to install various equipment.
  • the installed equipment can be, for example, a gas injection pipe configured to inject gas into the kiln chamber 901 of the kiln body, or a gas exhaustion pipe for discharging gas from the kiln body to the outside of the tunnel kiln, etc.
  • a heating device can be arranged in the kiln body, for example, an electric heater 11 is inserted into the furnace chamber from the outer housing of kiln 28 through the top of the furnace wall, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 .
  • the heating device can adopt heating rod and other forms to perform electrical heating, or can also adopt radiant tube to perform combustion heating.
  • the heater can also be a product such as a resistance heater in specific implementation, which is not limited herein.
  • the structure of the furnace wall is modified to form a structure of the curved sealing groove 900 as shown in Fig. 2 . That is, a curved sealing groove 900 is provided at the bottom of the furnace wall.
  • the curved sealing groove 900 can cooperate with the carrier (as shown in Fig. 5-a , Fig. 6-a and Fig. 7-a ), thereby the carrier can be separated during the traveling process, consequently minimizing the heat transfer from top to bottom without obstructing the normal movement of the carriers.
  • the kiln wall and the carrier are tightly fit, but a gap required for the thermal expansion of the material is preserved.
  • the size of the gap for example, can be about 15 mm, certainly with no restriction, and the gap required for thermal expansion of materials can be flexibly set according to the actual situation.
  • the gap is configured to form a pressure difference between the above and below the carrier platform, so that the gas inlet pressure at the bottom of the carrier is slightly greater than the space pressure above the carrier platform, such that the curved sealing groove 900 forms a gas curtain, thereby preventing the exhaust gas inside the furnace chamber above the carrier platform from sinking to the low-temperature space below the carrier platform.
  • the curved sealing groove 900 of the kiln wall can be selected to be spliced by multiple pieces of high-temperature refractory materials, and small holes are evenly distributed in the middle position, which are configured to inject a small amount of process gas to help strengthen the effect of the gas curtain.
  • the carrier can have a convex structure.
  • the gear with a motor can be matched with the rack to realize that the carriers move on the track 15 by the driving mechanism 902, and the convex structure can be embedded in the curved sealing groove 900 as shown in Fig. 2 .
  • the section of curved sealing groove 900 can roughly be a U-shaped structure, and is arranged along the length direction of the kiln body, so as to allow the carrier to pass through the kiln body.
  • the combination of the configuration of the curved sealing groove 900 and the refractory and thermal insulation materials laid on the carrier platform can prevent the high temperature in the furnace chamber above the carrier platform from being transferred to the space below the carrier platform, and thus prevent thermal damage to other components under the carrier platform.
  • the gastight design of the kiln body can be realized through the structure of the outer housing of kiln 28, but when the carrier enters and exits the kiln body, impurity gas or interfering gas or non-process gas may also be introduced from the outside, and consequently the atmosphere control in the kiln body is affected.
  • one atmosphere regulating chamber is equipped at the kiln head and the kiln tail, respectively.
  • the furnace wall at the kiln head is connected to the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 through the first gastight gate 7.
  • a gastight gate such as an entry gastight gate 5
  • a first internal channel is arranged in the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24, and communicates with the kiln chamber 901 of the kiln body through the first gastight gate 7 (which certainly can also be blocked).
  • the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 can replace the gas to the same process gas as in the kiln chamber, accordingly when the carrier enters the kiln chamber 901 from the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24, impurity gas or interfering gas or non-process gas will not be introduced into the kiln chamber 901.
  • the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 has a gas adjustment system (not shown in the drawing).
  • the gas adjustment system can be realized by using conventional structures such as vacuum machines, blowers, and ventilation channels, which is not specifically limited and detailed in the present disclosure.
  • the first internal channel of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 can be an independent channel, as shown in Fig. 4 . Therefore, in such equipment, the tunnel kiln can calcinate the same cathode material in different kiln chambers 901 at the same time. In some other embodiments, the tunnel kiln can calcinate different cathode materials in different kiln chambers 901 at the same time.
  • the above-mentioned first internal channel can be configured to have a plurality of first sub-channels that are consistent with the number of kiln chambers 901 and are independent of each other, as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 can be composed of two independent regulating chambers (the structure is shown in Fig. 3 ). In actual implementation, the two regulating chambers can also be connected to each other.
  • the tunnel kiln can also be provided with an outer housing of first regulating chamber 26, which wraps the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 in a gastight manner to enhance its gastightness.
  • the end of the outer housing of kiln 28 can optionally be connected with the outer housing of first regulating chamber 26, such that the first gastight gate 7 can be sealed to deal with the possible gas leakage at the first gastight gate 7.
  • a first moving mechanism 12a is set in the first internal channel, as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the first moving mechanism 12a can move freely in the first internal channel (the left and right directions shown in the drawing), for example, along the direction from the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 to the kiln body, or along the direction from the kiln body to the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24.
  • the first moving mechanism 12a can also be docked with the track 15 in the kiln body, for example, the first moving mechanism 12a is docked with the end of the track 15.
  • the first moving mechanism 12a includes a guide track and a driving device (not shown) adapted thereto. Therefore, the way that the first moving mechanism 12a docks with the track 15 in the kiln body can be that the end of the guide track is attached to and in contact with the end of the track 15, thereby substantially forming a "continuous" "road” for the carrier to move. After the delivery of the carrier into the kiln body is completed, the first moving mechanism 12a can move back, for example, move to the entrance of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24, so as to wait for the next carrier outside the tunnel kiln.
  • the first moving mechanism 12a when the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 needs to perform gas replacement, the first moving mechanism 12a will stay at a designated position in the first internal channel, and the position where it stays will not affect the closure and sealing of the gastight gate on both sides of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24.
  • the quantity and installation position of the first moving mechanism 12a can be adjusted according to different configurations of the first internal channel of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24. For example, when multiple first sub-channels corresponding to the kiln chamber 901 of the kiln body are arranged in the first internal channel of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24, multiple first moving mechanisms 12a can be correspondingly configured. In other words, one first moving mechanism 12a is arranged in each first sub-channel.
  • a carrier driving device such as conventional towline 13 and hydraulic propeller 14, referring to Fig. 1
  • a carrier driving device can also be configured in the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24.
  • the towline 13 is configured to drag the carrier outside the tunnel kiln to the first moving mechanism 12a in the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24; and the hydraulic propeller 14 is configured to push the carrier in the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 into the kiln chamber 901 of the kiln body.
  • a second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 equipped with a second internal channel is provided at the kiln tail of the kiln body. Moreover, the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 is connected with the furnace wall at the kiln tail through the second gastight gate 9. In order to replace the gas therein, a gastight gate, such as the exit gastight gate 10, is correspondingly provided at the outlet of the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25.
  • the second internal channel communicates with the kiln chamber 901 of the kiln body, so that the carrier can enter from the kiln tail.
  • the second internal channel can be an independent channel, or can be divided into a plurality of second sub-channels that are consistent with the number of kiln chambers 901 of the kiln body and independent of each other.
  • a second moving mechanism 12b (can be one or more) that can dock to and cooperate with the track 15 and is movable is provided in the second internal channel, which is configured to transfer the carrier from the kiln body. Therefore, the number of the second moving mechanism 12b can be set according to the configuration of the second internal channel, for example, the second moving mechanism 12b can be one (corresponding to the embodiment with one second sub-channel), or can be multiple (corresponding to the embodiment with multiple second sub-channels).
  • two towlines 13 arranged in opposite directions can be provided in the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25; and one of them is configured to drag the carrier from the kiln body onto the second moving mechanism 12b of the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25, and the other is configured to drag the carrier from the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 to the outside of the tunnel kiln.
  • the outer surface of the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 can be wrapped by the outer housing of second regulating chamber 27 to improve gastightness. Further, the connection between the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 and the kiln tail of the kiln body can also be sealed through a gastight connecting piece, so as to deal with the gas leakage of the second gastight gate 9.
  • the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 if there are other structures and internal structures thereof that are not mentioned or detailed, those can refer to the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24, which will not be repeated herein.
  • the gastightness of the tunnel kiln can be further improved (to avoid being affected by interfering gases) by enclosing the two atmosphere regulating chambers with a gastight housing.
  • the gastightness of the tunnel kiln can also be improved by connecting the outer housing of kiln covering the kiln body with the outer housing of regulating chamber, for example, to avoid possible gas leakage at the joint between the atmosphere regulating chamber and the gastight gate of the kiln body.
  • the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln in the present disclosure is equipped with an atmosphere control device.
  • the atmosphere control device mainly includes a gas injection mechanism 33 and a gas extraction mechanism 101, wherein the gas injection mechanism 33 is configured to inject process gas into the furnace chamber of the kiln body; and the gas extraction mechanism 101 is configured to extract waste gas, water vapor, etc. from the furnace chamber.
  • the gas injection mechanism 33 has a gas injection port 32a configured to inject process gas; and the gas extraction mechanism 101 has a gas extraction port 101a configured to discharge waste gas to the outside of the tunnel kiln (which can be combined with the exhaustion channel 101 for suction).
  • the gas injection mechanism 33 and the gas extraction mechanism 101 can independently select the positions locating in the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln, and the convenience of installation, the control effect of atmosphere and temperature, etc. can be considered during the process of position selection. For example, both independently control the atmosphere in all the kiln chambers 901 through the furnace wall and the partition wall 173.
  • the gas injection port 32a of the gas injection mechanism 33 is arranged on the partition wall 173, and the gas extraction port 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 is disposed on the furnace wall.
  • the process gas is ejected from the partition wall 173 into the furnace chamber, and passes through the saggar 2 loaded with the calcined material.
  • the waste gas and so on are drawn from the furnace wall (mainly from the furnace wall along the width direction) and discharged.
  • a gas distribution chamber 31 can be provided in the partition wall 173, which is configured to make the gas dispersedly go through the gas injection port 32a and sprayed out through the injector 32, referring to Fig. 5-a and Fig. 5-b .
  • the gas injection port 32a of the gas injection mechanism 33 is disposed on the furnace wall, and the gas extraction port 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 is disposed on the partition wall 173. Therefore, the process gas is blown in from the furnace wall, enters the furnace chamber, passes through the saggar 2 loaded with calcined materials, then enters the partition wall 173, and is finally drawn out of the furnace chamber. Therefore, the above-mentioned injector 32 and the gas distribution chamber 31 can be arranged on the furnace wall (such as the left wall 171 and the right wall 172), referring to Fig. 6-a and Fig. 6-b .
  • the gas injection ports 32a of the gas injection mechanism 33 are respectively provided on the furnace wall and the partition wall 173, and the gas extraction ports 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 are respectively provided on the furnace wall and the partition wall 173, referring to Fig. 7-a and Fig. 7-b .
  • the gas extraction port 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 when the gas extraction port 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 is arranged on the partition wall 173, the gas extraction port 101a can be selected to lead out from the bottom of the kiln body to the gas outlet port. That is, a gas channel 903 is provided at the bottom of the kiln body (as shown in Fig. 6-a and Fig. 7-a ), and the end of the gas channel 903 forms a gas outlet port.
  • the gas exhaustion port 101a communicates with the gas channel 903, and thus the waste gas can be discharged through the gas outlet port.
  • a plurality of gas injection port 32a of the gas injection mechanism 33 and a plurality of gas extraction port 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 can be set according to the needs, and based on the specific size and structure of the kiln body, a spatial placement is arranged properly, so as to realize uniform delivery of process gas and discharge waste gas for temperature control simultaneously.
  • the gas injection mechanism 33 has a plurality of gas injection ports 32a, and these gas injection ports 32a are arranged in layers at intervals.
  • these gas injection ports 32a can be referred to as a gas injection group. That is to say, each gas injection port 32a in one gas injection group is distributed at intervals along the section of the kiln body.
  • a plurality of gas injection groups of the gas injection mechanism 33 are distributed at intervals. That is, a plurality of gas injection groups is arranged from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body.
  • the gas injection mechanism 33 includes a plurality of gas injection groups arranged from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body, and each gas injection group includes a plurality of gas injection ports 32a.
  • the plurality of gas injection ports 32a are distributed on the section of the kiln body and are arranged from the bottom of kiln to the kiln roof along the kiln body.
  • the gas extraction mechanism 101 can also be of a similar distribution manner. That is, the gas extraction mechanism 101 can have multiple gas extraction groups, and each gas extraction group is arranged in the direction from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body. Meanwhile, each gas extraction group has a plurality of gas extraction ports 101a. All the gas extraction ports 101a in the same gas extraction group are arranged along the height direction of the kiln body, from the kiln bottom to the kiln roof 16.
  • the gas extraction mechanism 101 includes a plurality of gas extraction groups arranged from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the kiln body, and each gas extraction group includes a plurality of gas extraction ports. The plurality of gas extraction ports are distributed on the section of the kiln body and arranged from the bottom of the kiln to the kiln roof along the kiln body.
  • each gas extraction group shares one gas extraction port.
  • the number of gas extraction ports of multiple gas extraction groups can be one or two or three or more.
  • the gas injection groups and the gas extraction groups are arranged oppositely to each other.
  • the gas injection port 32a and the gas extraction port 101a are in the same direction.
  • the axis of the gas injection port 32a and the axis of the gas extraction port 101a are collinear, as shown in Fig. 6-b .
  • the gas injection port 32a and the gas extraction port 101a also can be deviated from each other by a certain distance rather than strictly opposed to each other.
  • the case that all the gas injection ports 32a are located on the same side of the furnace wall or the partition wall 173 is mainly used as an example for description.
  • the left furnace wall in the width direction of the kiln body is only provided with the gas injection port 32a
  • the right furnace wall in the width direction of the kiln body is only provided with the gas injection port 32a
  • the partition wall 173 in the kiln body is only provided with the gas extraction port 101a.
  • only the gas extraction port 101a is provided on the left furnace wall in the width direction of the kiln body, only the gas extraction port 101a is provided on the right furnace wall in the width direction of the kiln body, and at the same time, the partition wall 173 in the kiln body is only provided with a gas injection port 32a.
  • “only provide” is for the gas injection port 32a and the gas extraction port 101a.
  • various other devices such as gas sensors, temperature sensors, dampers, etc., can be installed on the partition wall 173 and the furnace wall, which are not limited herein.
  • the gas injection ports 32a of the gas injection mechanism 33 and the gas extraction ports 101a of the gas extraction mechanism 101 can be alternately arranged along the length direction of the kiln body.
  • the furnace wall has both the gas injection port 32a and the gas extraction port 101a; or the partition wall has both the gas injection port 32a and the gas extraction port 101a; or a combination of both.
  • gas injection groups and gas extraction groups can be arranged alternately, as shown in Fig. 7-b . The alternate arrangement of the gas injection group and the gas extraction group helps to improve the balance of the heat field and the gas flow field in the kiln chamber of the kiln body, consequently improving the consistency of the overall temperature and atmosphere.
  • process gas is injected into the kiln chamber 901 of the kiln body.
  • the type of process gas mainly depends on the material to be calcined and is not limited herein.
  • the saggars 2 are filled with cathode materials and are stacked on a carrier.
  • the carrier is then moved closely to the entrance of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24.
  • the entry gastight gate 5 of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 is opened, the first moving mechanism 12a therein moves toward the entrance of the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24, and the towline 13 drags the carrier on the first moving mechanism 12a in the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24.
  • the entry gastight gate 5 is closed, the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 is closed, the atmosphere therein is replaced with the same atmosphere as that in the kiln body, and then the first gastight gate 7 between the first atmosphere regulating chamber and the kiln body is opened.
  • the first moving mechanism 12a moves toward the kiln body, thereby docking with the track 15 in the kiln body. Then, the carrier and the saggar 2 are pushed onto the track 15 in the kiln body by the hydraulic propeller 14, the first moving mechanism 12a returns to the designated position, and the airtight first gastight gate 7 is closed.
  • the following carriers that subsequently enter the kiln body through the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 can push the anterior carriers that previously entered the kiln body to move forward (toward the kiln tail). As the carriers enter the kiln body from the first atmosphere regulating chamber 24 one after another, the carrier that first enters the kiln body is pushed to the kiln tail.
  • the gas in the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 can be replaced with the same atmosphere as that in the kiln body.
  • the airtight second gastight gate 9 between the kiln body and the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 is opened, the second moving mechanism 12b moves to the kiln tail and docks with the track 15 at the kiln tail, and then the carrier at the kiln tail is dragged onto the second moving mechanism 12b that is in the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 by using the towline 13.
  • the second moving mechanism 12b moves to the exit position of the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25, and the second gastight gate 9 is closed.
  • the exit gastight gate 10 of the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 is opened, and the carrier is dragged out by another towline 13, finally the exit gastight gate 10 is closed, and the second atmosphere regulating chamber 25 performs gas replacement to ready for receiving the next carrier.
  • the tunnel kiln proposed by the present disclosure at least includes the main advantages as follow.
  • the atmosphere regulating chambers are respectively connected to the kiln head and the kiln tail of the kiln body through gastight gates. Therefore, when conveying materials, the two atmosphere regulating chambers can adjust the atmosphere, then the materials is moved in or out of the kiln body, so that unnecessary gases (such as impurity gases) will not be introduced into the kiln body during the material conveying process. At the same time, the kiln body can be sealed by the outer housing of kiln, and the outside world interfering with the atmosphere in the kiln body is also isolated.
  • the combination of the structural design isolating the influence of interfering gases and the structural design efficiently conveying materials can make the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln have a greater output. Moreover, since multiple channels are provided, when an accident occurs in one channel and production needs to be stopped for maintenance, the normal production of the other channels will not be affected, thus less production capacity losses. Moreover, multiple channels can be adapted for performing simultaneous calcination treatment on the different materials, then subsequent steps for processing these different materials such as mixing can be directly carried out. That is, the problem of low efficiency of serial calcination treatment can be effectively overcome by parallel calcination treatment.
  • the gastightness of the tunnel kiln can be further improved (to avoid being affected by interfering gases) by wrapping the two atmosphere regulating chambers with a gastight housing.
  • the gastightness of the tunnel kiln can also be improved by connecting the outer housing of kiln wrapping the kiln body with the outer housing of the regulating chambers. For example, possible gas leakage happening at the joint between the atmosphere regulating chamber and the gastight gate of the kiln body is avoided.
  • the internal channels of the atmosphere regulating chamber are correspondingly set as multiple independent sub-channels based on the structure manner of the kiln chamber of the kiln body, so as to facilitate the implementation of the calcination operations in different channels according to different calcination requirements as needed. For example, different atmospheres are injected into different kiln chambers to calcinate different materials.
  • the number of partition walls can be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the kiln and improving the space utilization rate in the furnace chamber in the kiln body, which is beneficial to the calcination of more materials; at the same time, this design is also conducive to centrally arranging various pipelines and so on.
  • the gas injection groups and the gas extraction groups can be arranged alternately in the length direction of the kiln body, as shown in Fig. 7-b .
  • the alternate arrangement of the gas injection group and the gas extraction group helps to improve the balance of the heat field and the air flow field in the kiln chamber of the kiln body, accordingly improving the consistency of the overall temperature and atmosphere.
  • the furnace wall is provided with a curved sealing groove, and the configuration of the curved sealing groove cooperates with the refractory and thermal insulation materials laid on the carrier platform to prevent the high temperature in the furnace chamber above the carrier platform from being transferred to the space below the carrier platform, thereby preventing thermal damage to other components beneath the carrier platform.
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “up”, “low”, “left”, “right”, “inner”, “outer” and so on are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the generally placed orientations or positional relationships of the product of the present disclosure in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred devices or elements must be in certain orientations or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, thus should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
  • the terms “first”, “second” and so on are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • the terms “provide”, “install”, “link” and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, it can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the terms “provide”, “install”, “link” and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, it can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln of the present disclosure does not introduce unnecessary gas (such as impurity gas) into the kiln body during the transportation of materials, and at the same time isolates the outside world from interfering with the atmosphere in the kiln body. Therefore, combining the structural design isolating the influence of interfering gases and the structural design efficiently conveying materials, the multi-channel wheel-rail tunnel kiln can have a greater yield.
  • unnecessary gas such as impurity gas

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
EP21920542.4A 2021-01-20 2021-07-15 Four tunnel à roue-rail à plusieurs canaux Pending EP4212810A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110073681.4A CN112728933A (zh) 2021-01-20 2021-01-20 一种多通道轮轨隧道窑
CN202120158273.4U CN215113871U (zh) 2021-01-20 2021-01-20 一种多通道轮轨隧道窑
PCT/CN2021/106423 WO2022156161A1 (fr) 2021-01-20 2021-07-15 Four tunnel à roue-rail à plusieurs canaux

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EP4212810A4 EP4212810A4 (fr) 2024-04-03

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DE347673C (de) * 1918-06-20 1922-01-23 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren zum Brennen feuerfester, besonders kalkgebundener Steine (Silika, Dinas)
GB155712A (en) * 1919-12-24 1920-12-30 Charles Jackson Kirk Improvements in heat treating furnace
US1418446A (en) * 1920-02-10 1922-06-06 Charles J Kirk Heat-treating furnace and method
US3091832A (en) * 1960-08-05 1963-06-04 Charles D Tinker Kiln
GB1250203A (en) * 1967-12-16 1971-10-20 Andreas Haessler Continuous reduction firing of ceramic products
JPS62112717A (ja) * 1985-11-11 1987-05-23 Daido Steel Co Ltd 熱処理方法及び熱処理装置
KR20030032089A (ko) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-26 김선일 백금을 대체한 희토 복합 다금속 촉매 담체의 소성노.
WO2008063538A2 (fr) * 2006-11-21 2008-05-29 Corning Incorporated Procédé et appareil d'enlèvement thermique d'un liant d'un corps vert cellulaire thermique
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CN202792963U (zh) * 2012-09-25 2013-03-13 李华 一种连通循环梭式窑
DE102017121224A1 (de) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-14 Eisenmann Se Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur thermischen oder thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Material
CN207741543U (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-08-17 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 隧道式镁质耐火砖浸盐热处理窑
CN112728933A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-04-30 王霞 一种多通道轮轨隧道窑

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