EP4208002A1 - Ensemble soc pour le dépôt de semences - Google Patents

Ensemble soc pour le dépôt de semences

Info

Publication number
EP4208002A1
EP4208002A1 EP21773703.0A EP21773703A EP4208002A1 EP 4208002 A1 EP4208002 A1 EP 4208002A1 EP 21773703 A EP21773703 A EP 21773703A EP 4208002 A1 EP4208002 A1 EP 4208002A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soil
tool
sowing
seed
sowing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21773703.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Brand
Alexander Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4208002A1 publication Critical patent/EP4208002A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sowing device for use with an agricultural vehicle, the sowing device having tillage tools and a sowing coulter for seed placement, the sowing device being detachably attachable to the agricultural vehicle, the tilling tools and the sowing coulter when used as intended with the agricultural vehicle in are arranged one behind the other in a direction of travel of the agricultural vehicle, the tillage tools comprising a compaction tool arranged in front of the sowing coulter in the direction of travel, with a soil to be worked being compactable with the compaction tool.
  • soil used for agriculture such as a field
  • the sowing of the seed of the crop is usually carried out by means of an agricultural seeder.
  • broad sowing the seed is distributed over the entire surface of the seedbed.
  • drill sowing the seed is usually planted in a or conveyed into the seedbed in numerous grooves several centimeters deep.
  • the tillage is carried out, for example, with a plow or with a harrow. The soil is loosened and turned with a plow.
  • a plow can have a steel frame as its basic body, which can be attached to the agricultural vehicle by means of a receiving device.
  • one or more ploughshares are arranged on the steel frame. The plow is fastened to the agricultural vehicle via the receiving device and is pulled over or through the agricultural soil by the driving movement.
  • a harrow is an agricultural tillage implement with tines that move through the soil.
  • a harrow is used to loosen the upper layer of soil, to chop it up in a way that is gentle on the soil and to produce good crumbling of the soil for seedbed preparation.
  • the harrow is also used to incorporate the seed that is scattered on the field during the sowing process. Compared to a plough, a relatively fine soil condition can be produced by using harrows for soil cultivation due to their large number of tines.
  • the soil is compacted to place the seeds in a pre-compacted tillage area.
  • the pre-compaction causes a good supply of water to the seed deposited on the surface of the soil.
  • the compaction is usually done by a compaction tool which is designed as a roller extending over the entire processing width of the seed drill. The roller is pulled behind the agricultural vehicle and thus compacts the entire soil. In order to be able to achieve sufficient compaction of the soil over the processing width, the roller has a very high dead weight. Due to the high weight and the large contact area between the roller and the ground, a lot of energy is required for tilling the soil.
  • the soil preparation tools include a soil preparation tool that runs ahead of the compaction tool, with the soil preparation tool, the compaction tool and the sowing coulter forming a tool arrangement, with the soil preparation tool being able to be brought into engagement with the soil only in a first soil preparation area when the sowing device is used as intended and is designed in such a way that the soil preparation tool can be used to raise a dam in a second soil processing area adjacent to the first soil processing area with soil from the first soil processing area, with the compaction tool being arranged transversely to the direction of travel at a distance from the soil preparation tool and being designed in such a way that the compaction tool is exclusively with the dam within the second tillage area in Can be engaged, the sowing coulter being arranged in alignment with the compaction tool in the direction of travel, so that the sowing coulter can be used to place seed on the compacted ridge in the second tillage area.
  • the compaction tool can be designed in such a way that it only engages in the second soil processing area with the dam thrown up by the soil preparation tool. Accordingly, the compaction tool does not have to be designed over the entire width of the soil to be worked.
  • the compaction tool can be designed, for example, as a narrow disc or as a narrow roller body, so that a compaction tool with a very low weight can be produced. Due to the low weight of the compaction tool and the very small contact surface of the compaction tool with the ground, the seeding device can be operated in a particularly energy-saving manner. In addition, the weight generated by the sowing device is at least partially transferred from the compaction tool to the ground.
  • the soil preparation tool is only in engagement with the soil in the first soil cultivation device, the soil is only loosened in the first soil cultivation area and not in the second soil cultivation area.
  • a good capillary effect is achieved achieved .
  • the seed deposited on the ridge is particularly well supplied with water and liquid. Since no compaction takes place in the first soil processing area by means of the compacting tool, the soil in the first soil processing area is in the form of loose soil. Weed growth in the first tillage area is thus prevented particularly well. A treatment of the first tillage area with polluting and/or expensive weed control agents is not necessary.
  • the sowing device according to the invention can thus be used particularly well for organic farming.
  • mechanical weed control can take place, for example by means of a harrow.
  • the weeds that have grown in the uncompacted first tillage area are removed. Due to the uncompacted soil in the first tillage area, the weeds are supplied with little water, so that the weeds there are only rooted to a small extent and can therefore be removed or pulled out very easily using the harrow.
  • the crop grown in the second tillage area is firmly rooted and is not destroyed by the mechanical weed control step.
  • the tool arrangement has a soil preparation tool, a compaction tool and the sowing coulter, soil cultivation and sowing can be carried out simultaneously in a single pass with the agricultural vehicle over the ground, resulting in a particularly fast and therefore cost-effective Sowing is possible.
  • the tool arrangement has two or more seed coulters which are offset from one another laterally and in the direction of travel.
  • the offset arrangement of the seed coulters laterally and in the direction of travel creates a free space between two adjacent sowing coulters, through which residues such as straw, weeds or branches lying on the agricultural soil can slide through while driving without covering or clogging the sowing coulters. This allows for uninterrupted and therefore particularly fast and cost-effective sowing.
  • the sowing coulter arrangement advantageously has the same distances between the pickup point and the pressure roller in the direction of travel, so that the force exerted by the pressure rollers on the soil working area is identical in each sowing coulter arrangement.
  • the soil preparation tool and the compaction tool are designed as passive and non-driven tools.
  • a drive motor, a gearbox or a drive shaft are not required to operate the sowing device, so that the sowing device can be designed to be particularly light and weight-optimized.
  • the passive and non-driven tools can be designed to be particularly space-saving, which means that the distance between the passive and non-driven tools is smaller in comparison to driven and larger tools.
  • the overall center of gravity of the sowing device arranged behind the agricultural vehicle can thus be placed at a particularly small distance from the agricultural vehicle.
  • the Sowing device according to the invention can thus be used for agricultural vehicles in the medium performance class, which has a positive effect on the ground pressure transmitted to the ground.
  • the sowing coulter has a cutting disc, a runner, a seed outlet opening and a pressure roller.
  • a sowing coulter consisting of the components mentioned can be assembled from standard components in a particularly cost-effective manner.
  • a particularly ef fi cient sowing is possible in that it is provided according to the invention that the cutting disc, the skid, the seed outlet opening and the pressure roller are aligned in the direction of travel.
  • the sowing device has a harrowing tool which is arranged behind the sowing coulter in the direction of travel and with which the seed can be covered in the second Soil processing area with soil from a third soil processing area running between the first soil processing area and the second soil processing area.
  • the soil from the third tillage area is particularly loose, so that it can be redistributed particularly well to the seed with the harrow tool.
  • Weed control step can be done particularly well with the soil from the third tillage area in the Weeds that have grown in the second tillage area are spilled and further growth of the weeds is prevented.
  • the tool arrangement consists of the soil preparation tool, the compaction tool, at least one coulter and the harrow tool.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the seed drill provides that the compaction tool can be used as a prism star, as a rubber tire with a semi-pneumatic or fulling structure, as a Crosskill roller, as a spring stamp roller, as a wedge ring roller or is designed as a corrugated washer.
  • Compaction tools for compacting agricultural soils can be designed with different geometries, dimensions or weights. The compaction tool is selected depending on the application and depending on the soil to be processed. The following table lists compacting tools of different configurations depending on the properties of the soil to be worked, with other compacting tools also being able to be used in the sowing device according to the invention.
  • a particularly good crumbling of the medium-heavy to heavy soil can be achieved with good compaction and reconsolidation of the soil at the same time.
  • a compression tool designed as a prism star has a good cleaning effect due to the geometric design.
  • Rubber tires with a semi-pneumatic or fulling structure can be used on very light soils such as sandy soils. They have a high load capacity and do not sink or only sink to a small extent on light soil.
  • the rubber tires with a semi-pneumatic or fulling structure are made up of individual tires that are available with different profiles.
  • Crosskill rollers are also well suited for light soils. Because of their geometric design, they have a good crumbling effect.
  • Spring stamp rollers or also called flex ring rollers are suitable for heavy soils. Due to the spring band, spring stamp rollers have a low tendency to stick between the spring band and the floor.
  • Wedge ring rollers are also very well suited for heavy soils. Due to the wedge-shaped structure of the peripheral edge of the wedge ring roller, a very deep reconsolidation of the soil can be achieved.
  • Compression tools designed as corrugated discs or as cutting discs, or also called clearing discs, can also be used in the sowing device according to the invention.
  • the soil preparation tool is designed as a paddle-shaped tool.
  • the paddle shape of the tool means that the soil from the first tillage area can be redistributed particularly well.
  • one dam or two dams can be raised in the direction of travel parallel to the first soil working area.
  • the paddle-shaped tool is a passive and non-powered tool. The soil gripped by the paddle-shaped tool and pushed forward in front of the paddle-shaped tool is sheared by the shearing forces generated when the agricultural vehicle is moving crushed .
  • a smear layer or a smear area within the tillage area, which occurs when tilling the soil using actively driven front tools, such as a rotary harrow, particularly when tilling moist soil, can thus advantageously be avoided. In this way, an increased water absorption capacity and water storage capacity of the soil can be achieved.
  • the tool arrangement has no soil preparation tool, no compaction tool and a coulter.
  • a corrugated cutting disc is advantageously arranged at the position of the compaction tool. Using the corrugated cutting disc, a furrow is made in an unprepared tillage area, in which the seed is placed using the sowing coulter.
  • the corrugated cutting disks described can be produced particularly inexpensively. Direct sowing of the seed can thus be implemented very cost-effectively using the sowing device according to the invention with the tool arrangement described.
  • the seed drill has a plurality of tool assemblies arranged on a frame of the seed drill and spaced apart from one another perpendicularly to the direction of travel.
  • the number of tool arrangements can be adjusted according to the desired machining width and the distance between the tool assemblies can be adjusted to one another.
  • the sowing coulters of the sowing coulter arrangement are adjustably arranged on the frame of the seed drill by means of a common parallelogram-like receiving device. A common seed depth can thus be set by rotating the receiving device. It also adjusts a height of the pinch roller so that the force exerted by the pinch roller on the tillage area can be adjusted.
  • a distance between the several tool arrangements can be adjusted.
  • the distance between two seed rows can be suitably adjusted depending on the crop used.
  • the distances can be adjusted separately from one another, so that the multiple tool arrangements can be arranged asymmetrically on the frame.
  • a particularly simple adjustment of the distances between the soil working tools and the at least one sowing coulter can be achieved by a detachable and displaceable arrangement of the soil working tools and the at least one sowing coulter on the frame.
  • the tillage tools and the at least one sowing coulter can be fixed to the frame, for example by clamping and thus by force.
  • the distance between the seed rows can be adjusted at any time depending on the sowing or of operational conditions and cultures changeable.
  • the distances between the soil preparation tool and each individual Tillage tools perpendicular to the direction of travel can be variably adjusted individually and independently of one another.
  • the frame can be suspended from a device mounting device of the agricultural vehicle.
  • the weight of the sowing device and the tillage tools and the sowing coulter is carried by the frame and by the agricultural vehicle, so that it can be used in a particularly manoeuvrable and soil-protecting manner.
  • the frame can be filled at least in sections from a horizontal working position into a vertical transport position.
  • the frame can consist of a central part and two outer wings with soil cultivation tools arranged thereon and coulters arranged thereon.
  • the center section is connected to the agricultural vehicle via a three-point attachment and has a holder for a seed tank.
  • the two outer wings can be folded in and out and articulated on the central part.
  • the outer wings can be designed in different lengths, adapted to the respective work task.
  • Such a short and compact design of the frame is the focus of the existing rear hydraulic system of the agricultural vehicle attached sowing device close to the agricultural vehicle, so that agricultural vehicles in the medium performance class can be used, which has a positive effect on the ground pressure transmitted to the ground.
  • a very small turning radius is required to turn the agricultural vehicle in combination with the sowing device according to the invention, so that there is a significantly lower space requirement compared to towed seed drills. Due to the small turning radius, repeated driving over the ground can be reduced.
  • the frame is made of hollow profiles and/or has a lattice construction.
  • the object mentioned at the outset is also achieved by a method for tilling the soil and for placing seed with an agricultural vehicle, with soil tillage using soil tillage tools being carried out one after the other, with soil to be tilled being compacted in a soil compaction step and the seed being laid in a subsequent sowing step, with a soil preparation step preceding the soil compaction step, a dam in a second soil processing area adjacent to a first soil processing area is thrown up with soil exclusively from the first soil processing area, wherein in the compacting step the dam is compacted exclusively in the second soil processing area, a furrow being created by means of a seed coulter in a subsequent furrow production step is generated, where in a subsequent sowing step, the seed is placed in the furrow, with the seed being docked in a furrow bottom of the furrow in a subsequent pressing step.
  • This method according to the invention makes it possible to carry out soil cultivation and sowing in a particularly energy-efficient and soil-conserving manner.
  • the seed in a covering step following the pressing step, is covered with soil from a third soil cultivation area running between the first soil cultivation region and the second soil cultivation region.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a side view of the sowing device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a top view of the tillage tools and the sowing coulters of the sowing device according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a sectional view of the agricultural soil worked by the sowing device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a plan view of the soil tillage tools and the coulter of the Seeder according to the invention with different distances between the tillage tools.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a side view of a sowing device 1 according to the invention.
  • the sowing device 1 is designed as a seed drill and has soil tillage tools 2 for soil tillage and a sowing coulter 3 for seed placement.
  • the soil tillage tools 2 are arranged on a frame 4 of the sowing device 1 .
  • the sowing device 1 is detachably fastened to the agricultural vehicle 6 , which is designed as a tractor in the exemplary embodiment shown, by means of the frame 4 via a device mounting device 5 .
  • the soil tillage tools 2 and the sowing coulter 3 are arranged one behind the other in a direction of travel 7 of the agricultural vehicle 6 .
  • the soil tillage tools 2 have a compaction tool 8 arranged in front of the sowing coulter 3 in the direction of travel 7 .
  • a soil 9 to be processed can be compacted with the compaction tool 8 .
  • the soil tillage tools 2 also have a soil preparation tool 10 which runs in front of the compaction tool 8 and is designed like a paddle.
  • the sowing coulter 3 is arranged in alignment with the compaction tool 8 in the direction of travel 7 .
  • the sowing coulter 3 has a cutting disc 11 , a skid 12 , a seed outlet opening 13 and a pressure roller 14 , which are arranged one behind the other in alignment in the direction of travel 7 .
  • a stored in a seed tank 20 in FIG. 1 seed 21, not shown, is transported via a seed line 22 to the seed outlet opening 13 and on the ground 9 filed .
  • the sowing device 1 has a combing tool 15 arranged behind the sowing coulter 3 in the direction of travel 7 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of the soil cultivation tools 2 and the sowing coulter 3 of the sowing device 1 according to the invention.
  • the tillage of the soil 9 takes place by means of the tillage tools 2 arranged one after the other in the direction of travel 7 .
  • the soil preparation tool 10 can be brought into engagement with the soil 9 exclusively in a first soil preparation area 17 and is designed in such a way that the soil preparation tool 10 can be used to create a 2 dam 16 (not shown) is raised in a second soil processing area 18 adjacent to the first soil processing area 17 with soil 25 from the first soil processing area 17 .
  • the compacting tool 8 is offset perpendicularly to the direction of travel 7 to the soil preparation tool 10 such that the dam 16 is compacted exclusively in the second soil working area 18 by means of the compacting tool 8 .
  • a furrow 19 is produced in the second soil working area 18 by means of the cutting blade 11 and the skid 12 of the sowing coulter 3 .
  • the seed 21 is pressed into a furrow base 22 of the furrow 19 by means of the trailing pressure roller 14 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a sectional view of the soil 9 tilled by means of the sowing device 1 according to the invention.
  • the dams 16 thrown up in the second tillage area 18 consist of soil 25 from the first tillage area 17 .
  • a dam tip 24 of the dam 16 is compacted and leveled by means of the compaction tool 8 .
  • the seed 21 is placed in the furrow 19 created by the cutting disk 11 and the skid 12 by means of the sowing coulter 3 .
  • the seed 21 pressed into the bottom of the furrow 22 by means of the pressure roller 14 is covered with soil 25 from the third tillage area 23 by means of the harrowing tool 15 .
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a plan view of the soil working tools 2 and the sowing coulter 3 of the sowing device 1 according to the invention with different distances between the soil working tools 2 .
  • the coulters 3 are arranged in two rows in the direction of travel 7 one behind the other. In the exemplary embodiment from each are two coulters 3 to two arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel and in FIG. 4 bars, not shown, are arranged on the frame 4 .
  • the sowing device 1 can be designed to be particularly short and compact.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif semoir (1) et un procédé de travail du sol et de dépôt de semences à utiliser avec un véhicule agricole (6). Le dispositif semoir comprend des outils de travail du sol (2) et un soc (3) pour le dépôt de semences. Les outils de travail du sol (2) comprennent un outil de compactage (8) monté à l'avant du soc dans la direction de déplacement (7) pour compacter le sol (9) à travailler. Un outil de préparation du sol (10) qui est devant l'outil de compactage peut être mis en prise avec le sol uniquement dans une première région de travail du sol (17). L'outil de préparation du sol, l'outil de compactage et le soc forment un ensemble d'outils. Un remblai (16) peut être produit avec le sol (25) issu de la première région de travail du sol dans une deuxième région de travail du sol (18) adjacente à la première région de travail du sol par l'outil de préparation du sol. L'outil de compactage du sol peut être mis en prise avec le remblai uniquement à l'intérieur de la deuxième région de travail du sol. Le soc est conçu pour être au même niveau que l'outil de compactage dans la direction de déplacement de façon que les semences peuvent être déposées sur le remblai compacté dans la deuxième région de travail du sol par le soc.
EP21773703.0A 2020-09-02 2021-09-02 Ensemble soc pour le dépôt de semences Pending EP4208002A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU102034A LU102034B1 (de) 2020-09-02 2020-09-02 Säscharanordnung
PCT/EP2021/074243 WO2022049184A1 (fr) 2020-09-02 2021-09-02 Ensemble soc pour le dépôt de semences

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4208002A1 true EP4208002A1 (fr) 2023-07-12

Family

ID=73040194

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21773703.0A Pending EP4208002A1 (fr) 2020-09-02 2021-09-02 Ensemble soc pour le dépôt de semences

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4208002A1 (fr)
LU (1) LU102034B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022049184A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE103405C (fr) *
DE279365C (fr) *
DE3805922A1 (de) * 1988-02-25 1989-09-07 Amazonen Werke Dreyer H Verfahren zum einbringen von saatgut in den boden mittels saeschare
DE3917438C1 (fr) * 1989-05-29 1990-10-18 Karl Becker Gmbh & Co Kg Maschinenfabrik, 3525 Oberweser, De
DE4222141C2 (de) * 1992-07-06 1998-05-20 Fritz Guettler Stern- oder Packersternwalze
DE4235814A1 (de) * 1992-10-23 1994-04-28 Amazonen Werke Dreyer H Acker- und/oder Saatstriegel
IT241572Y1 (it) * 1996-11-08 2001-05-09 Matermacc Perfezionamenti alle attrezzature agricole mobili per lalavorazione simultanea di piu' file di terreno
DE20000716U1 (de) * 2000-01-17 2001-05-31 RDZ Dutzi GmbH, 76698 Ubstadt-Weiher Bodenbearbeitungs- und Sämaschine
US6347594B1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2002-02-19 Deere & Company Narrow profile opener capable of high speed operation
DE102005017601A1 (de) * 2005-04-16 2006-10-19 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Pneumatische Einzelkornsämaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022049184A1 (fr) 2022-03-10
LU102034B1 (de) 2022-03-02

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