EP4176072A1 - Procédé de preparation de polyglucosides d'alkyle et polyglucosides d'alkyle obtenus selon le procédé - Google Patents
Procédé de preparation de polyglucosides d'alkyle et polyglucosides d'alkyle obtenus selon le procédéInfo
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- EP4176072A1 EP4176072A1 EP21748921.0A EP21748921A EP4176072A1 EP 4176072 A1 EP4176072 A1 EP 4176072A1 EP 21748921 A EP21748921 A EP 21748921A EP 4176072 A1 EP4176072 A1 EP 4176072A1
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- Prior art keywords
- seq
- alkyl
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- family
- glc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1048—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12N9/1051—Hexosyltransferases (2.4.1)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/18—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y204/00—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12Y204/01—Hexosyltransferases (2.4.1)
- C12Y204/01005—Dextransucrase (2.4.1.5)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of the enzymatic preparation of alkyl polyglucosides.
- the present invention also relates to the alkyl polyglucosides which can be obtained by said process.
- Surfactants have been used for a very long time in a large number of fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, hygiene and cleaning products or industrial formulations due to their various properties: foaming, emulsifying, dispersing, detergents, etc.
- Surfactants are structurally made up of a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, the latter of which may be positively or negatively charged or even be uncharged.
- Alkyl polyglucosides are glucolipidic surfactants whose polar head consists of glucosyl residues and a more or less long carbon chain typically having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- APGs exhibit interesting surface properties, biodegradability and harmlessness to the skin and to the mucous membranes, which gives them a certain interest for numerous industrial applications.
- APGs are conventionally synthesized via chemical routes.
- the most common procedures for synthesizing APGs include the Fischer, Koenig-Knorr, or Schmidt method.
- the Fischer method is the simplest to implement and is conventionally used industrially when the selectivity of synthesis is not a desired criterion.
- the Fischer reaction can be carried out in one or two stages.
- the carbohydrate is dissolved in excess alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst and at elevated temperature.
- the glucosyl units constituting APG can be present as a or b anomers, and pyranoside and furanoside isomers.
- the average degree of polymerization of the carbohydrate part of commercial APGs currently remains below 2 (Ulvenlund et al., 2016) , and is typically between 1, 3 and 1, 6.
- APGs whose carbohydrate portion is particularly long are required and requested by industrial players.
- the enzymes most studied in this perspective are enzymes belonging to the family of glycoside hydrolases and more particularly those of the family of b-glycosidases.
- the latter are enzymes without co-factors which naturally hydrolyze type b osidic bonds present in polysaccharides to produce mono- or oligosaccharides.
- these enzymes are able to use a glycosyl donor and catalyze the transfer of the glycosyl to the free hydroxyl of an acceptor molecule.
- alkyl-polyglucosides catalyzed by b-glycosidases generally retains a bond of configuration b between the sugars and the alkyl part (we will speak of b-alkyl-polyglucosides).
- This synthesis is possible either by hydrolysis reversal (where the glucosyl donor can be cellulose or b-glucans), or by transglycosylation (where the glycosyl donors are natural polysaccharides or activated carbohydrates such as methyl ⁇ - D-glucopyranoside, rNR-bD-glucopyranoside or other aryl-glucosides).
- Alkyl polyglucosides have been produced from other families of enzymes.
- Dahiya et al. Successfully produced 1-O-hexyl-aD-mono, di- and tri- a-glucopyranosides from hexanol or octanol and sucrose using a strain of Microbacterium paraoxydans exhibiting amylosucrase-type membrane transglucosylation activity (Dahiya et al., 2015).
- An alternative route is to use commercial APGs having a carbohydrate part of moderate size (typically degree of polymerization less than 3) and to lengthen the carbohydrate part enzymatically.
- CGTases cyclodextrin glucano-transferases
- CGTases belong to the glycoside hydrolase families GH 13 and GH57 and are specific for the formation of ⁇ -1, 4 glucosidic bonds. These enzymes catalyze four types of reactions from starch or amylose: cyclization, coupling, disproportionation and hydrolysis. In the case where a non-carbohydrate molecule carrying one or more glucosyl residues is introduced into the medium, the CGTases are capable of directing their activity towards a coupling and / or disproportionation reaction on this acceptor.
- the APGs used could only be lengthened by 2 to 3 glucosyl units by the Bacillus stearothermophilus CGTase from dextrins of 10 to 15 glucosyl units.
- Paul et al used a glucanotransferase of the GH57 family to extend dodecanol maltoside from starch.
- APGs carrying 24 to 26 glucosyl units (C12G24 to C12G26) were identified by MS analysis (Paul, et al., 2015).
- Glucan sucrases (GS) of the GH 13 and GH70 families can also be used for such glucosylation reactions.
- glucansucrases catalyze the synthesis of glucans generally having very high molar masses and varied structures due to the presence of different types of osidic bonds (a-1, 2, a-1, 3, a -1, 4 and / or a- 1, 6) as well as their location in the polymer.
- Sucrose isomers as well as glucose are also produced from sucrose but generally in much smaller quantities than the polymer.
- glucansucrases of the GH13 and GH70 families have been used in acceptor reactions to extend the carbohydrate portion of short alkyl monoglucosides (1 to 8 carbon atoms) from sucrose.
- Figure 1 illustrates the diagram of the enzymatic elongation reaction of the glucosidic part of an alkyl monoglucoside using ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family active on sucrose.
- FIG. 2A shows the elongation profiles for the C8G1 substrate obtained with the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family which use sucrose as a glucosyl donor.
- Branching enzymes are used in reaction to 1 U.mL 1
- Figure 3 compares the profile of the C8G1 elongation reaction catalyzed by GS-C (SEQ ID NO: 6) in the presence of 200 gL 1 of sucrose and 200 gL 1 of ⁇ -cyclodextrins and cyclodextrin glucanotransferases (CGTase) from Bacillus macerans (enzyme not in accordance with the invention) in the presence of 200 gL 1 of ⁇ -cyclodextrins (substrate not in accordance with the invention).
- CTTase cyclodextrin glucanotransferases
- Figure 4 compares the profiles of the C8G1 elongation reaction catalyzed by DSR-M D1 glucansucrase alone (SEQ ID NO: 1) and catalyzed by DSR-M D1 glucansucrase and branching enzymes.
- BRS-A SEQ ID NO: 17
- BRS-B D1 SEQ ID NO: 18
- FIG. 5 shows the lengthening profile of alkyl glucosides of increasing sizes obtained with the glucansucrase DSR-M D1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) with initial sucrose concentrations of 200 gL 1 .
- Inset A: [C8G1] 30mM;
- Inset B: [C10G1] 10mM; Box C: Triton CG110 (Dow Chemicals, USA) at 15 gL 1 ;
- the aim of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a process for preparing an alkyl polyglucoside by enzymatic catalysis, said process being economical because using sucrose or one of its analogues as substrate and making it possible to obtain a great diversity of alkyl polyglucosides in terms of the size and structure of their glucosidic part.
- the process of the invention makes it possible to obtain an alkyl polyglucoside with an adjustable number of glucosyl units of 2 to 200 glucosyl units.
- the process also makes it possible to modulate the linear or branched structure of the carbohydrate part of the alkyl polyglucoside obtained, as well as the nature of the alpha-1, 2 osidic bonds; alpha-1, 3; alpha-1, 4 or alpha-1, 6 linking the glucosyl residues within the carbohydrate part.
- the process of the invention makes it possible to prepare polyalkylglucosides having an alkyl group of large size, for example greater than 8 carbon atoms.
- Another aim of the invention is to provide alkyl polyglucosides of great diversity in terms of size and structure of the glucosidic part, and in particular alkyl polyglucosides in which the size of the alkyl group is large, for example greater. with 8 carbon atoms.
- the first subject of the present invention is a process for the preparation of an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I)
- R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising between 8 and 20 carbon atoms
- [Glc] m - [Glc] n represents a linear or branched carbohydrate part comprising n + m glucosyl units, n + m being between 3 and 200; said process comprising at least one step i) of elongation of the glucosidic chain of an alkyl glucoside of formula (II)
- R is as defined in formula (I),
- [Glcj n represents a carbohydrate part comprising n glucosyl units n being between 1 and 15. said step comprising bringing said alkyl glucoside of formula (II) into contact with at least one ⁇ -transglucosylase of the GH70 family in the presence of sucrose or a sucrose analogue.
- the method makes it possible to control the size, the branched or unbranched structure and the nature of the osidic bonds within the carbohydrate part of the alkyl polyglucoside obtained, and this even when the alkyl group of the alkyl glucoside used as substrate is large.
- the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family are water-soluble enzymes which naturally catalyze hydrophilic substances, and whose activity is a priori strongly limited in the presence of fat.
- ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family are capable of accepting as substrate a C8-C20 alkyl glucosyl, that is to say a poorly soluble compound comprising a hydrophobic part unfavorable to the action of this type of enzyme, and to effectively catalyze the elongation of its carbohydrate part.
- carbohydrate portion denotes a linear or branched polymer consisting of glucosyl units linked together by osidic bonds.
- glycosidic bond or "glucosidic bond” or “osidic bond” can be used interchangeably and denote the covalent bond which links a glucosyl to another adjacent glucosyl.
- the carbohydrate part [Glc] m - [Glc] n of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) comprises two carbohydrate fractions [Glc] m and [Glc] n.
- the carbohydrate fraction [Glc] n corresponds to the n glucosyl units of the carbohydrate part of the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) used as substrate in the process of the invention.
- the carbohydrate fraction [Glc] m corresponds to the m glucosyl units added to the carbohydrate part [Glc] n of the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) during the glucosidic elongation step of the process of the invention.
- n + m that is to say the number of glucosyl units in the carbohydrate part [Glc] m - [Glc] n of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is advantageously between 3 and 150, preferably between 3 and 100, more preferably between 3 and 30, more preferably between 3 and 25.
- n + m is between 5 and 50, and can in particular be between 5 and 40, in particular still between 5 and 30, in particular between 5 and 25.
- n + m is between 7 and 200, preferably between 8 and 200, preferably between 9 and 200, preferably between 10 and 200.
- m that is to say say the number of glucosyl units in the carbohydrate fraction [Glc] m of the carbohydrate part [Glc] m - [Glc] n of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I), or in other words the number of glucosyl units added to the carbohydrate part [Glc] n of the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) during the implementation of the process of the invention is advantageously greater than 3.
- m is between 3 and 150, preferably between 3 and 100, more preferably between 3 and 30.
- n that is to say the number of glucosyl units in the carbohydrate fraction [Glc] n of the carbohydrate part [Glc] m - [Glc] n of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I), or in other words the number of glucosyl units of the carbohydrate part [Glc] n of the alkyl glucoside of formula (II), is advantageously between 1 and 8, preferably between 1 and 5, more preferably between 1 and 3.
- n is equal to 1 or 2.
- a bond denotes a covalent bond which links the carbon atom 1 of a glucosyl unit in its a configuration
- b bond denotes a covalent bond which links carbon atom 1 of a glucosyl unit in its b configuration
- the glucosyl unit adjacent to the alkyl group is linked to the alkyl group through an a bond or through a b bond, preferably through a b bond.
- the glucosyl unit adjacent to the alkyl group is in the a or b configuration, preferably in the b configuration.
- the other glucosyl units of the carbohydrate fraction [Glc] n of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) or of the carbohydrate part [Glc] n alkyl glucoside of formula (II) are linked to each other by a and / or b, preferably by glucosidic bonds a.
- ⁇ -1,3 bond refers to the covalent bond that links the carbon 1 of one glucosyl unit in its ⁇ configuration and the 3 carbon of another adjacent glucosyl unit.
- ⁇ -1, 2 bond refers to the covalent bond that links the carbon 1 of one glucosyl unit in its ⁇ configuration and the 2 carbon of another adjacent glucosyl unit.
- alpha-1,6 bond refers to the covalent bond that links the carbon 1 of one glucosyl unit in its alpha configuration and the 6 carbon of another adjacent glucosyl unit.
- the alpha-glucosyl units are preferably alpha-D-glucosyl units.
- glycosidic bonds of an alkyl polyglucoside can be carried out by any method known to those skilled in the art.
- glucosidic bonds can be analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
- Step i) can be carried out with an alkyl glucoside of formula (II) essentially consisting of alkyl monoglucoside molecules, of alkyl diglucloside molecules, or of a mixture thereof, said mixture having advantageously an average degree of polymerization between 1 and 2, preferably between 1.3 and 1.6.
- the mixture consists essentially of molecules of alkyl monoglucoside and of molecules of alkyl diglucloside, i.e.
- alkyl monoglucoside and of alkyl diglucloside consists of at least 90% by weight of molecules of alkyl monoglucoside and of alkyl diglucloside, preferably at least 95% by weight of alkyl monoglucoside and alkyl diglucloside molecules, more preferably at least 97% by weight of alkyl monoglucoside and diglucloside molecules alkyl.
- the remainder can advantageously consist of molecules of alkyl oligoglucosides, i.e. alkyl glucosides, the glucoside of which comprises 3 to 8 glucosyl units, preferably 3 to 5 glucosyl units.
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) consists essentially of a mixture of alkyl polyglucoside molecules of formula (I), said mixture advantageously exhibiting an average degree of polymerization of between 3 and 25 , preferably between 5 and 25, preferably between 6 and 25, preferably between 7 and 25, more preferably between 8 and 25.
- the mixture consists essentially of alkyl polyglucoside molecules of formula (I), i.e. it preferably consists of at least 90% by weight of said alkyl polyglucoside molecules, preferably at least 95% by weight of said polyalkylglucoside molecules, more preferably at least 97% by weight of said polyalkylglucoside molecules.
- the “average degree of polymerization” accounts for the average distribution of the number of glucosyl units per molecule of alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) or of alkyl glucoside of formula (II) within a mixture of polyalkyl glucoside molecules of formula (I) or of a mixture of alkyl glucoside molecules of formula (II).
- this average degree of polymerization is determined from measurements made by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
- the average degree of polymerization is determined by calculating the ratio (average molar mass of the mixture of alkyl polyglucoside molecules of formula (I) - molar mass of the chain corresponding alkyl): (molar mass of a glucosyl unit).
- the average degree of polymerization is determined by calculating the ratio (average molar mass of the mixture of alkyl glucoside molecules of formula (II) - molar mass of the corresponding alkyl chain): (molar mass of a glucosyl unit).
- the alkyl group preferably comprises at least 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 carbon atoms and at most 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group R advantageously comprises between 8 and 16 carbon atoms, more preferably comprises 8 and 12 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group R comprises between 9 and 20 carbon atoms, preferably comprises between 9 and 16 carbon atoms, more preferably comprises between 9 and 12 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group R comprises between 10 and 20 carbon atoms, preferably comprises between 10 and 16 carbon atoms, more preferably comprises between 10 and 12 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group R comprises between 13 and 20 carbon atoms, preferably comprises between 16 and 20 carbon atoms.
- ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family are capable of catalyzing the elongation of the glucosidic part of an alkyl glucoside of formula (II) having an alkyl group R comprising between 8 and 20 atoms. carbon, that is to say an acceptor substrate having an alkyl pole much more hydrophobic than alkyl glucosides having an alkyl group such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl group.
- the process of the invention is particularly advantageous in that it makes it possible to obtain an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) having an alkyl group R of between 8 and 20 carbon atoms and a carbohydrate part [Glc ] m - [Glc] n having an n + m as defined above.
- R represents an alkyl group comprising from 8 to 12 carbon atoms
- n + m is between 7 and 200, preferably between 8 and 200, preferably between 9 and 200, more preferably between 10 and 200.
- n + m can advantageously be between 7 and 50, preferably between 8 and 50, preferably between 9 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50.
- R represents an alkyl group comprising from 12 to 20 carbon atoms
- n + m is between 3 and 200, preferably between 4 and 200, preferably between 5 and 200, and more preferably between 10 and 200.
- n + m can advantageously be between 3 and 50, preferably between 4 and 50, preferably between 5 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50.
- n + m is between 7 and 200, preferably between 8 and 200, preferably between 9 and 200, more preferably between 10 and 200 and may in particular be between 7 and 50, preferably between 8 and 50, preferably between 9 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50; and when R represents an alkyl group comprising from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, n + m is between 3 and 200, preferably between 4 and 200, preferably between 5 and 200, and more preferably between 10 and 200 and may in particular be between 3 and 50, preferably between 4 and 50, preferably between 5 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50.
- ⁇ -transglucosylase denotes an enzyme capable of polymerizing glucosyl units along ⁇ bonds, by catalyzing the transfer of a glucosyl unit from a glucosyl donor sugar to an acceptor compound.
- the expression “of the GH70 family”, relating to otransglucosylase, means that Ga-transglucosylase according to the invention belongs to the 70 family of glycoside hydrolases according to the CAZy classification (www.cazy.orq) .
- CAZy standing for "Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes” (abbreviated "CAZy"), is a bioinformatic database for the classification of enzymes active on sugars, ie capable of catalyzing their dissociation or their synthesis according to sequence or sequence homologies. structure, in particular their catalytic and carbohydrate binding moduli.
- the group of glycoside hydrolases (GH) has 167 families composed of enzymes active on sugars capable of catalyzing reactions of hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds or of transglucosylation.
- the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family are typically produced naturally by lactic acid bacteria of the genera Streptococcus, Leuconostoc (abbreviated “L”), Weisella or Lactobacillus (abbreviated “Lb.”).
- the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family according to the invention are active on sucrose, which means that the ⁇ -transglucosylases according to the invention specifically use sucrose or one of its analogues as a glucosyl donor.
- the sucrose analogs can in particular be chosen from the group comprising ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl fluoride (in English "aD-Glucopyranosyl fluoride”), 0-3-D-galactopyranosyl- (1 4) -3-D-fructofuranosyl -aD-glucopyranoside (in English "Lactulosucrose”), p-nitrophenyl aD-glucopyranoside, aD-glucopyranosyl aL-sorbofuranoside and mixtures thereof.
- Ga-transglucosylase of the GH70 family is selected from one of the ⁇ -transglucosylases described below.
- the enzyme DSR-M D1 of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 1 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 42 to the amino acid at position 1433 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the DSR-M enzyme (derived from the strain L. citreum NRRL B-1299) having for reference GenBank CDX668951.1.
- the enzyme DSR-M D5 of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 2 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 421 to the amino acid at position 1315 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the DSR-M enzyme (derived from the strain L. citreum NRRL B-1299) having for reference GenBank CDX668951.1.
- the DSR-M D5 W624A enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 3 is a mutant at position 624 of the amino acid sequence fragment SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the GS-A enzyme with the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 4 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the Lb strain. kunkeei MP2 having for reference GenBank ALJ31412.
- the GS-B enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 5 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the Lb strain. animalis DSM 20602 having for reference GenBank KRM57462.1.
- the GS-C enzyme with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the Lb strain. Apodemi with reference GenBank WP_056957205.
- the GS-D enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 7 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild form of the enzyme derived from the Lb strain. animalis DSM 20602 with GenBank reference KRM57463.
- the GS-E enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 8 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild form of the enzyme derived from the Lb strain. capillatus DSM 19910 having for reference GenBank KRL03580.
- the enzyme GS-F D1 of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 9 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 166 to the amino acid at position 1874 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the enzyme derived from the strain L. fallax KCTC 3537 having for reference GenBank WP_010006777.1.
- the GS-FS enzyme with the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 10 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from Streptococcus salivarus HSISS4 having for reference GenBank ALR80278.
- the DSR-G enzyme with amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 11 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild form of the enzyme derived from Lb. kunkeei DSM 12361 with GenBank reference KRK22577.1.
- the enzyme DSR-G CD1 of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 12 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 1 to the amino acid at position 1407 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the enzyme derived from the strain Lb. kunkeei DSM 12361 having for reference GenBank KRK22577.
- the enzyme ASR D1 of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 13 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 1 to the amino acid at position 1425 of the amino acid sequence of the wild form of the enzyme derived from the strain L. mesenteroides NRRL B-1355 having for reference GenBank CAB65910.2.
- the GTF-SI enzyme with the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 14 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the strain Streptococcus mutans with reference GenBank BAA26114.1.
- the GTF-J enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 15 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the strain Streptococcus mutans with reference GenBank AAA26896.1.
- the enzyme GBDCD2 of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 16 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 1758 to the amino acid at position 2862 of the amino acid sequence of the wild form of l enzyme derived from the strain L. citreum NRRL B-1299 having for reference GenBank CDX66820.1.
- the BRS-A enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 17 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the strain L. citreum NRRL B-1299 having for reference GenBank CDX66896. 1.
- the BRS-B D1 enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 18 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 39 to the amino acid at position 1313 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the enzyme derived from the strain L. citreum NRRL B-742 having for reference GenBank CDX65123.1.
- the BRS-C enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 19 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the strain L. fallax KCTC 3537 having for reference GenBank ZP_08312597.1.
- the BRS-D D1 enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 20 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 88 to the amino acid at position 1453 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the enzyme derived from the strain Lb. kunkei EFB6 having for reference GenBank WP_051592287.
- the BRS-E D1 enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 21 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 32 to the amino acid at position 1264 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the enzyme derived from the strain L. mesenteroides KFRI-MG having for reference GenBank AHF19404.1.
- the BRS-F enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 22 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type form of the enzyme derived from the strain Fructobacillus tropaeoli having for reference GenBank GAP05007.1.
- the DSR-G CD2 enzyme of amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 23 is a fragment ranging from the amino acid at position 928 to the amino acid at position 2621 of the amino acid sequence of the form wild type of the enzyme derived from the strain Lb. kunkeei DSM 12361 with GenBank reference KRK22577.1.
- the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family according to the invention can be obtained according to methods known to those skilled in the art, in particular by the method consisting in cultivating a cell naturally expressing Ga-transglucosylase or a host cell comprising a transgene encoding Ga -transglucosylase and expressing said ⁇ -transglucosylase, and in extracting said ⁇ -transglucosylase from these cells or from the culture medium in which Ga-transglucosylase has been secreted.
- Recombinant bacterial strains for example strains of bacillus subtillis or lactobacillus, secreting said ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family can be used.
- the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family can also be obtained via cell free protein expression systems.
- Ga-transglucosylase of the GH70 family is preferably a glucansucrase of the GH70 family, a branching sucrase of the GH70 family, or a mixture thereof.
- GS glucansucrase of the GH70 family
- GS ⁇ -transglucosylase of the GH70 family capable of catalyzing the synthesis of ⁇ -glucans, ie of polysaccharides composed exclusively of. glucosyl units linked together by alpha bonds.
- dextransucrases (sometimes abbreviated as DSR), which synthesize dextrans, ie glucans in which the residues of the main chain are linked mainly in alpha-1,6; reuteranesucrases, which synthesize reuterans, ie glucans whose main chain residues are linked in alpha-1, 4 and alpha-1, 6; mutans-sucrases, which synthesize mutans, i.e.
- DSR dextransucrases
- G ⁇ -transglucosylase of the GH70 family is not an alternansucrase.
- branching sucrase of the GH70 family in English “branching sucrase”, sometimes abbreviated as BRS
- ⁇ -transglucosylase of the GH70 family with branching activity or “branching enzyme of the family GH70 ”are used interchangeably and refer to an ⁇ -transglucosylase of the GH70 family capable of catalyzing the addition of glucosyl units in the main chain of a pre-existing dextran-type glucan forming branches (or in other words branches ).
- the nature of the branching bond (alpha-1, 2; alpha-1, 3; alpha-1, 4 or alpha-1, 6 bonds) and the length of the chains of glucosyl units constituting the branches vary according to the specificity of the branching sucrase considered.
- the branching sucrases of the GH70 family according to the invention catalyze branches preferably comprising 1 to 3 glucosyl units, preferably 1 or 2 glucosyl units according to alpha-1, 2 and / or alpha-bonds.
- the carbohydrate part of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is in the form of a linear chain comprising branches comprising from 1 to 3 glucosyl units, preferably 1 or 2 glucosyl units, said branches being linked to the linear chain via alpha-1, 2 bonds and / or alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family are capable of transferring glucosyl units onto the carbohydrate part of an alkyl glucoside of formula (II) as described above via a mechanism glucosidic elongation.
- Ga-transglucosylase of the GH70 family is a glucansucrase of the GH70 family.
- Ga-transglucosylase of the GH70 family is a glucansucrase of the GH70 family
- an alkyl polyglucoside is advantageously obtained, the carbohydrate part of which comprises at least 50%, preferably 60%, more preferably 80% of bonds chosen from the group comprising alpha-1, 6 bonds and alpha- bonds
- the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 4 bonds.
- the glucansucrases of the GH70 family according to the invention make it possible to obtain an alkyl polyglucoside having a long glucosidic chain, with n + m as defined above.
- the glucansucrase of the GH70 family of the invention preferably has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3,, SEQ ID NO : 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12 , SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 14 and SEQ ID NO: 15.
- the glucansucrases of the GH70 family of the invention are capable of extending the alkyl glucosides of formula (II) by more than 3 glucosyl units from sucrose.
- the glucansucrase of the GH70 family according to the invention has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO : 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9 and SEQ ID NO: 12, an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is obtained in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 80% of bonds alpha-1, 6, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- the glucansucrase of the GH70 family according to the invention has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO : 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, and SEQ ID NO: 12, an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is obtained, the carbohydrate part of which comprises at least 90%, preferably at least 95% of alpha-1 bonds, 6, the rest of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- the glucansucrase of the GH70 family according to the invention has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 14, and SEQ ID NO: 15, a alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 90% of alpha-1, 3 bonds, the remainder of the bonds advantageously being alpha-1, 6 bonds.
- the glucansucrase of the GH70 family according to the invention has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 8 and SEQ ID NO: 9, an alkyl polyglucoside of formula is obtained.
- the carbohydrate part comprises at least 70% of alpha-1, 6 bonds, the remainder of the bonds advantageously being alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- glucansucrase of the GH70 family according to the invention has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 4, an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is obtained, the carbohydrate part of which comprises at least 50% of alpha-1, 6 bonds, the remainder of the bonds advantageously being alpha-1, 4 bonds.
- Ga-transglucosylase of the GH70 family according to the invention is a GH70 branching sucrase.
- an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is advantageously obtained, the carbohydrate part of which comprises at least 50%, preferably 60%, more preferably 80% of bonds in the group comprising alpha-1, 2, alpha-1, 3 and mixtures thereof; the rest of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1,6 bonds.
- the branching sucrase of the GH70 family according to the invention preferably has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 22, and SEQ ID NO: 23.
- the branching sucrase of the GH70 family has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 20, and SEQ ID NO: 22, obtains an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 80% of alpha-1, 2 bonds, preferably 100% of alpha-1, 2 bonds.
- the GH70 branching sucrase has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 19, and SEQ ID NO: 23, an alkyl polyglucoside of formula ( I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 80%, preferably 90%, more preferably 95%, more preferably 98%, of alpha-1, 3 bonds, more preferably 100% of alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- the GH70 branching sucrase has for amino acid sequence a sequence chosen from the group comprising SEQ ID NO: 21, an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) is obtained, the carbohydrate part of which comprises at least 60% of bonds alpha-1, 2, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 6 bonds.
- Step i) can be carried out by bringing the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) into contact simultaneously or successively with several ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family.
- step i) comprises a sub-step io) of bringing the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) into contact with a mixture of one or more glucansucrase (s) GH70 and of one or more GH70 branching enzyme (s).
- a ratio (glucansucrase): (branching sucrase), expressed in units of enzymatic activity, of between 0.01 and 10, is preferably used, the activities of each of the enzymes used varying advantageously between 0.2 and 2 U. ml 1 .
- step i) comprises step h) of contacting the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) with one or more glucansucrase (s) of the GH70 family.
- this embodiment firstly makes it possible to promote the elongation of the carbohydrate part in the form of a long linear chain.
- step i) comprises bringing the alkyl glucoside of formula (II) into contact with one or more glucansucrase (s) of the GH70 family, then a step b) of bringing the alkyl glucoside into contact.
- this embodiment firstly makes it possible to promote the elongation of the carbohydrate part in the form of a long linear chain, then secondly to promote the elongation of the carbohydrate part in the form of ramifications.
- This embodiment also has the advantage of increasing the diversity of chemical structures obtained.
- branching sucrases of the GH70 family in fact makes it possible to control the number of branches introduced, as a function of the reaction conditions, so as to obtain an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) of which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 50% of alpha-1, 6 bonds, the rest of the glucosidic bonds being alpha-1, 3 bonds and / or alpha-1, 2 bonds, the sum of the percentages of alpha-1, 6 bonds, of the percentages of alpha-1, 3 bonds and percentages of alpha-1 bonds, 2 being equal to 100%.
- an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 60% of alpha-1, 6 bonds, at least 2% of alpha-1, 3 bonds and at least 2% of bonds alpha-1, 6, preferably between 2% and 35% of alpha-1, 3 bonds and at least 1% of alpha-1, 2 bonds, preferably between 2% and 35% of alpha-1, 2 bonds, the sum of the percentages of alpha-1, 6 bonds, of the percentages of alpha-1, 3 bonds and of percentages of alpha-1 bonds, 2 being equal to 100%.
- step i) is carried out in solution at a controlled pH, in particular by the use of a buffer solution.
- Step i) is advantageously carried out at a pH value of between 5 and 8.
- Step i) is advantageously carried out with an initial concentration of sucrose or of a sucrose analogue of between 20 and 660 gL 1 .
- Step i) is preferably carried out with an alkyl polyglucoside molar ratio of formula (II): sucrose or sucrose analog of between 0.001 and 10, preferably between 0.001 and 5, preferably 0.001 and 0.3, of preferably between 0.002 and 0.006.
- the inventors have shown that the elongation of the chain can be modulated depending on the molar ratio of alkyl polyglucoside of formula (II): sucrose or sucrose analog. Without wishing to be bound by a particular theory, the inventors consider that the greater the molar ratio of alkyl polyglucosides of formula (II): sucrose or sucrose analog, the less sucrose is available to be a donor and therefore the less the acceptor is. extension.
- step i) is carried out with an alkyl polyglucoside molar ratio of formula (II): sucrose or sucrose analog of between 0.05 and 5.
- Step i) is preferably carried out at a temperature between 10 ° C and 80 ° C.
- step i) is carried out with Ga-transglucosylase of the GH70 family in solid form, in solution, in suspension, or immobilized.
- the method can advantageously further comprise a step ii) of purification of the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) obtained at the end of step i).
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) obtained by carrying out the process as defined according to the first subject of the invention, in particular at the end of step i) constitutes a second subject of the invention .
- a second subject of the invention is therefore an alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention, said alkyl polyglucoside being characterized in that it is of formula ( I):
- R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising between 8 and 20 carbon atoms
- [Glc] m - [Glc] n represents a linear or branched carbohydrate part comprising n + m glucosyl units, n + m being between 3 and 200.
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention may exhibit great structural diversity, in particular at the level of its carbohydrate part, in particular in terms of size, structure (branched or not) and nature of the osidic bonds.
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) of the second subject of the invention is as defined in detail in the first subject of the invention, in particular, the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group R, the number n + m of glucosyl units within the carbohydrate part [Glc] m - [Glc] n , as well as the nature of the bonds within the fractions of the carbohydrate part [Glc] m - [Glc] n and that of the bond between the alkyl group R and the carbohydrate moiety [Glc] n are as previously mentioned.
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) obtainable by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which R represents an alkyl group comprising from 8 to 12 carbon atoms and in which the number n + m is between 7 and 200, preferably between 8 and 200, preferably between 9 and 200, more preferably between 10 and 200.
- n + m can in particular be between 7 and 50, preferably between 8 and 50, preferably between 9 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50.
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) obtainable by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which R represents an alkyl group comprising from 12 to 20 carbon atoms and in which n + m is between 3 and 200, preferably between 4 and 200, preferably between 5 and 200, and more preferably between 10 and 200.
- n + m can in particular be between 3 and 50, preferably between 4 and 50, preferably between 5 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50.
- the alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) obtainable by the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which:
- n + m is between 7 and 200, preferably between 8 and 200, preferably between 9 and 200, more preferably between 10 and 200 and n + m may in particular be between 7 and 50, preferably between 8 and 50, preferably between 9 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50; and
- n + m is between 3 and 200, preferably between 4 and 200, preferably between 5 and 200, and more preferably between 10 and 200 and can in particular be between 3 and 50, preferably between 4 and 50, preferably between 5 and 50, and more preferably between 10 and 50.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) consisting essentially of a mixture of molecules of alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I), said mixture exhibiting an average degree of polymerization between 3 and 25, preferably between 5 and 25, preferably between 6 and 25, preferably between 7 and 25, preferably still between 8 and 25.
- This mixture consists essentially of alkyl polyglucoside molecules of formula (I), that is to say that it consists of at least 90% by weight of said alkyl polyglucosides, preferably at least 95% by weight of said alkyl polyglucosides, more preferably at least 97% by weight of said alkyl polyglucosides.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 50 %, preferably 60%, more preferably 80% of alpha-1, 6 bonds or alpha-1, 3 bonds, the remainder of the bonds advantageously being alpha-1, 4 bonds and / or alpha-1 bond, 2.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 50 %, preferably at least 70% of alpha-1, 6 bonds, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 60 % alpha-1, 6 bonds, at least 2% alpha-1, 3 bonds and at least 2% alpha-1, 6 bonds, preferably between 2% and 35% alpha-1, 3 bonds and at least minus 1% alpha- bonds
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 90 % alpha-1, 3 bonds, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 6 bonds.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 50 % alpha-1, 6 bonds, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 4 bonds.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 70 % of alpha-1, 6 bonds, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 80 % alpha-1, 2 bonds, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 3 bonds.
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 80 %, preferably 90%, more preferably 95%, more preferably 98%, alpha- bonds
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 80 %, preferably 90%, more preferably 95%, more preferably 98%, alpha- bonds
- the alkyl polyglucoside capable of being obtained by carrying out the process in accordance with the first subject of the invention is an alkyl polyglucoside of formula (I) in which the carbohydrate part comprises at least 60 % alpha-1, 2 bonds, the remainder of the bonds being advantageously alpha-1, 6 bonds.
- the third subject of the invention is the use of an alkyl polyglucoside obtainable according to the process according to the invention or as defined in the second subject of the invention, as a surfactant.
- a fourth subject of the invention is the use of an ⁇ -transglucosylase of the GH70 family as defined in the first subject of the invention, in particular of a glucansucrase of the GH70 family or of a branching sucrase. of the GH70 family as defined in the first subject of the invention, for the glucosidic elongation of an alkyl glucoside, in particular of an alkyl glucoside of formula (II) as defined in the first subject of 'invention.
- Example 1 Enzymes, organisms of origin and specificity
- sequence SEQ ID NO: 3 corresponds to the mutant of the DSR-M D5 enzyme at position 624 where the wild-type tryptophan is replaced by an alanine.
- Table 1 GH70 ⁇ -transglucosylases and specificities of bonds during the synthesis of the natural polymer.
- P polymerase i.e. glucansucrase GH70;
- B GH70 branching sucrase;
- Bif Bifunctional (enzyme having two catalytic domains);
- nd not determined.
- the genes encoding the enzymes mentioned above are cloned into vectors allowing recombinant expression in E. coli, under the control of pBad or pET promoters.
- Recombinant enzymes are produced from the cells of E. coli BL21 DE3 A1 or BL21 DE3 Star transformed with the plasmid containing the gene for the targeted enzymes (see Table 2).
- Table 2 plasmids of the enzymes used and expression systems adapted to the different enzymes.
- Gly Glycerol
- Glu Glucose
- a-Lac a-Lactose
- L-Ara L- Arabinose
- OD optical density
- the culture media are centrifuged for 15 min at 6500 rpm and at a temperature of 4 ° C.
- Cell pellets are concentrated to an OD of 80 in activity buffer (see Table 2).
- the cells are then broken with ultrasound according to the following protocol: 5 cycles of 20 seconds at 30% of the maximum power of the probe, cold (ice bath), spaced 4 minutes apart in ice.
- the Sonication supernatants containing the soluble enzymes of interest are then recovered after 30 minutes of centrifugation (10,000 rpm, 10 ° C) and stored at 4 ° C.
- Example 3 Determination of enzymatic activity by determination of reducing sugars in DNS.
- the enzymatic activity of glucansucrases and branching sucrases is determined by measuring the initial rate of production of reducing sugars using the dinitrosalicilic acid (DNS) method (Miller, 1959).
- DNS dinitrosalicilic acid
- One enzymatic unit represents the quantity of enzyme which releases one pmole of fructose per minute, at 30 ° C., for an initial sucrose concentration of 100 gL 1 under the conditions of adequate activity buffer.
- Acceptor reactions are carried out in a volume of between 1 mL and 15 mL and for a final sucrose concentration of between 146 and 730 mM.
- concentrations of alkylpoly-glucosides are dependent on their solubility and vary between: 20 and 50 mM for octyl-monoglucoside,
- the reaction is initiated by the addition of a volume of cell lysate sufficient to obtain an enzymatic activity in reaction of 1 U.mL 1 .
- the reactions are incubated at 37 ° C. and stirred at 800 rpm. After 24 h, the enzymes are denatured at 95 ° C. for 5 min.
- the reactions are stored at -18 ° C. before analysis of the reaction products by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
- a step of prepurification of the glucosylated hydroxy-lipids obtained from 11-hydroxy-undecanoic acid is carried out by flash chromatography using a REVELERIS® X2 Flash Chromatography System (GRACE, USA) equipped with a C18 column of 80 g.
- the glucosylation products are separated from the residual free sugars under the following conditions:
- fractions containing the reaction products eluted between 4 and 10 VC are collected, partially evaporated on a rotary evaporator and then lyophilized. Samples are stored at room temperature and protected from moisture.
- reaction media are diluted halfway in absolute ethanol. This dilution allows, among other things, the elimination of potential polymers of high molar mass by precipitation.
- the separation of the lipid acceptors and their glucosylated forms is carried out by reverse phase chromatography with a Synergi TM Fusion-RP column (porosity of 80 ⁇ , particle size of 4 ⁇ m, C18 grafting with polar termination, Phenomenex, USA). This column is maintained at 30 ° C. on a Thermo U3000 HPLC system coupled to a Corona CAD Véo detector (Charged Aerosol Detector) (Thermo Scientific, USA). The nebulization temperature is set at 50 ° C and the filter set at 3.2 seconds.
- the mobile phase is composed of a mixture of ultrapure water (solvent A) / acetonitrile of HPLC grade (solvent B) both containing 0.05% (v / v) of formic acid. Elution is carried out at a flow rate of 1 mL.min 1 according to the following gradient:
- a first elution phase with 0% (v / v) of path B allows the elimination of residual simple sugars (fructose, glucose, leucrose, residual sucrose or possible short oligosaccharides);
- a second phase of gradient ranging from 0% is carried out at 100% of path B for 25 minutes makes it possible to separate the various glucosylated lipid compounds; - A final phase of 5 minutes at 100% of channel B allows the regeneration of the column.
- the characterization of the glucosylation products of the different APGs is carried out by NMR.
- the products are diluted in D2O and in the presence of deuterated sodium trimethylsilylpropanoate (TSP-d4) used as internal reference.
- TSP-d4 deuterated sodium trimethylsilylpropanoate
- the 1 H spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance 500MHz equipment at 298K with a 5 mm z-gradient TBI probe. The data were acquired and processed with TopSpin 3 software.
- 26 ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family were tested for their ability to lengthen alkyl-glycosides of different structures and sizes:
- Triton CG110 (DuPont, USA), mixture mainly containing CsGi, C10G1 and mainly APGs of higher degree of polymerization.
- the enzymes tested are listed in Table 3. They were all produced in recombinant form and expressed in Escherichia coli.
- the enzymatic extracts obtained by fermentation are used crude after breaking the cells and centrifuging the cell debris.
- the acceptor reactions involving GSs were carried out in a volume of 1 to 10 mL at variable concentrations of APG depending on their solubility in water (between 5 mM for C12G1 and 30 mM for CsGi) and concentrations of Sucrose varying between 146 mM (50 gL 1 ) and 1316 mM (450 gL ⁇ 1 ).
- the separation of the various reaction products is carried out by reverse phase chromatography with a Synergi TM Fusion-RP 250 mm ⁇ 2 mm column (porosity: 80 ⁇ , particle size: 4 ⁇ m, Phenomenex, USA). This column is maintained at 30 ° C on a Thermo Ultimate 3000 HPLC system equipped with a Corona Véo detector.
- the mobile phase is composed of an ultrapure water (solvent A) / acetonitrile mixture of LC-MS grade (solvent B) each containing 0.05% (v / v) formic acid.
- solvent B a linear gradient, in solvent B, defined as follows: 0 min, 0% (v / v); 5 min, 0%; 35 min, 100%.
- FIG. 2A Figures 2A and [Fig. 2B] 2B shows the elongation profiles of the C8G1 substrate obtained with the ⁇ -transglucosylases of the GH70 family which use sucrose as a substrate.
- FIG. 2B Branching enzymes [Fig. 2B] (FIG. 2B) allow the addition of 1 to 7 glucosyl units to the CsGi depending on the enzymes considered, with conversion rates varying from 20% to 60% under the conditions tested.
- glucansucrases FIG. 2A
- FIG. 2A the sizes of the APGs obtained are much larger, the products carrying a large number of glucosyl units.
- FIG. 3 shows the elongation profiles of CsGi obtained with i) the glucansucrase GS-C (SEQ ID NO: 6) in the presence of sucrose and ⁇ -cyclodextrins, and ii) the CGTase of Bacillus macerans (not in accordance with the invention) in the presence of ⁇ -cyclodextrins under conditions similar to the work of Svenson et al. (Svenson et al., 2009).
- the APGs produced by the glucansucrases can themselves be used as substrates by the branching sucrases.
- Figure 5 shows the elongation profiles obtained with the DSR-M D1 enzyme (SEQ ID NO: 1) with substrates of different geometries in terms of alkyl chain size (C8 to C16) and carbohydrate head ( mono, diglucoside or oligoglucosides).
- acceptor alkyl glucoside molar ratio ie alkyl glucoside of formula (II): sucrose or sucrose analog on the elongation profile of the alkyl glucoside is studied.
- acceptor CsGi or C12G2 by the enzyme DSR-M D1 (SEQ ID NO: 1).
- the CsGi or C12G2 concentrations are set at 10 g / L (34.3 mM and 19.6 mM respectively) and the sucrose concentration is modulated between 233.4 g / L (684 mM ) and 2.3 g / L (6.8 mM) such that the molar ratio of acceptor alkyl glucosides: sucrose is 0.05; 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; from 1 ; of 2; or 5.
- control reactions represent mixtures of C8G1 or C12G2 at a concentration of 10 g / L and 233.4g / L of sucrose without addition of enzyme
- Figure 6 shows the elongation profiles obtained with the DSR-M D1 enzyme (SEQ ID NO: 1) with decreasing molar ratios between CsGi and Sucrose ( Figure 6A) and between C12G2 and sucrose ( Figure 6B).
- the results show the effect of the alkyl acceptor glucoside: sucrose ratio on the elongation of the alkyl acceptor glucoside: the higher the molar ratio, the less the acceptor alkyl glucoside is extended.
- the results therefore show that the average DP of the alkyl polyglucoside obtained is inversely proportional to the molar ratio of alkyl acceptor glucoside: sucrose.
- Figure 6A shows that for CsGi, the elongation profile varies significantly for molar ratios between 0.05 and 2, while molar ratios greater than 2 have little influence on the elongation profile. /
- Figure 6B shows that for C12G2, the elongation profile varies significantly for molar ratios between 0.05 and 5.
- the glucansucrase is DSR-M D1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and the branching sucrase BRS-A (SEQ ID NO: 18) or BRS-B D1 (SEQ ID NO: 19 ).
- the concentration of CsGi is fixed at 10 g / L and the concentration of sucrose at 10Og / L.
- the quantities of DSR-M D1 and BRS-A or BSR-B are modulated so that the ratio DSR-M D1: BRS-A and DSR-M D1: BRS-B D1 expressed in units of enzymatic activity is of 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; from 1 ; of 2; 5 or 10, while respecting a total activity (DSR-M D1 + BRS-A or BRS-B D1) of 1 U / mL.
- control reactions represent the mixture of C8G1 at a concentration of 10 g / L and 100 g / L of sucrose without addition of enzyme
- Figure 7 shows the elongation profiles obtained with the DSR-M D1 enzyme (SEQ ID NO: 1) in co-catalysis with the branching enzyme BRS-A (SEQ ID NO: 18) ( Figure 7A ) or with the BRS-B D1 branching enzyme (SEQ ID NO: 19) ( Figure 7B).
- the results show the effect of the glucansucrase activity ratio: branching sucrase: the higher this activity ratio, the greater the acceptor alkyl glucoside. extension.
- the results therefore show that the average DP of the alkyl polyglucoside obtained is proportional to the ratio of glucan-sucrase activity: branching sucrase.
- thermostable a-transglucosidase from Talaromyces duponti-application to a-alkylglucoside synthesis. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 23, 83-90 (1998).
- compositions including eg mixing lignocellulosic annual and perennial plant materials with water, contacting solution with strain or enzyme having xylanase activity to give composition of alkyl polypentosides. (2012).
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FR2626583B1 (fr) * | 1988-01-29 | 1991-03-15 | Bioeurope | Procede de preparation enzymatique d'oligodextranes utiles dans la fabrication de substituts du sucre, et nouveaux oligodextranes |
US7182954B1 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2007-02-27 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Prebiotic oligosaccharides via alternansucrase acceptor reactions |
US7524645B2 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2009-04-28 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Fully active alternansucrases partially deleted in its carboxy-terminal and amino-terminal domains and mutants thereof |
PL2401389T3 (pl) * | 2009-02-25 | 2021-11-02 | Enza Biotech Ab | Synteza długołańcuchowych glikozydów alkilowych |
FR3024158A1 (fr) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-01-29 | Inst Nat Sciences Appliq | Proteine a activite dextrane-saccharase et applications |
FR3033800B1 (fr) * | 2015-03-19 | 2020-10-23 | Inst Nat De La Rech Agronomique Inra | Production de synthons glycosyles par voie enzymatique |
CN108289494B (zh) * | 2015-11-26 | 2022-06-14 | 营养与生物科学美国4公司 | 能够产生具有α-1,2分支的葡聚糖的多肽及其用途 |
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2021
- 2021-07-02 WO PCT/FR2021/051220 patent/WO2022003305A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-07-02 CA CA3187936A patent/CA3187936A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-07-02 US US18/013,713 patent/US20230295679A1/en active Pending
- 2021-07-02 EP EP21748921.0A patent/EP4176072A1/fr active Pending
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CA3187936A1 (fr) | 2022-01-06 |
WO2022003305A1 (fr) | 2022-01-06 |
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