EP4149685A1

EP4149685A1 - Comminuting device

Info

Publication number: EP4149685A1
Application number: EP21726590.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Torsten BURHORST
Original assignee: Vogelsang GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Vogelsang GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2021-05-10
Publication date: 2023-03-22
Also published as: WO2021228786A1; US20230271191A1; CN115551640A; DE202020102630U1; KR20230008199A

Abstract

The invention relates to a comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids, comprising: a housing having an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a housing interior which extends from the inlet opening to the outlet opening; a first comminuting shaft which extends through the housing interior and is arranged for rotation about a first comminuting shaft axis; and a second comminuting shaft which extends through the housing interior and is arranged for rotation about a second comminuting shaft axis. The invention is characterized by a sieve device, which is arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft, with a first sieve wall, which has a plurality of slots, and with a first clearing device having a plurality of clearing elements which are movable relative to the sieve wall along a movement path and which, starting from a first clearing shaft arranged on one side of the first sieve wall, extend, on at least one portion of the movement path, through the plurality of slots.

Description

Shredding device

The invention relates to a comminution device for solids-carrying liquids, comprising a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening, a first shredding shaft extending through the housing interior, which is arranged for rotation about a first shredding shaft axis and on which a plurality of first shredding cutting elements axially spaced along the first shredding shaft axis is attached, a drive device for driving the first shredding shaft in a rotational movement, a shredding flow path which extends from the inlet opening around the shredding shaft to the outlet opening through the interior space, one in the housing interior adjacent first sieve device arranged to the first shredding shaft with a first sieve wall with a plurality of sieve wall openings and a first clearing device for the E Removal of blockages from the sieve wall openings, the sieve device and the clearing device being movable relative to one another. Comminution devices of the aforementioned type are used to treat liquids contaminated with solids in such a way that the solids are comminuted and, after exiting the outlet opening of the comminution device, the solids contained in the liquid no longer exceed a maximum size. The comminution of the solids is typically done by shear and tear forces that act on the solids as they pass between the shredding cutting elements.

The comminution efficiency of such comminution devices depends largely on the fact that gaps and free spaces that result for the liquid to pass through are minimized in such a way that solids above a certain size cannot get from the inlet to the outlet opening without a comminuting effect these solids is exerted. This requirement has the consequence that precisely when a high degree of fineness and a small size of the solids emerging from the outlet opening is sought, the cross section remaining for the liquid flow through the comminution device is small and therefore the comminution device presents a high flow resistance . In many applications, however, shredding devices are used precisely to be installed in the flow inlet to a pump in order to reliably prevent the pump from being damaged by solids above a certain size. Both with self-priming pumps and with pumps that are not self-priming, an increased flow resistance in the inlet is disadvantageous for the pumping effect and therefore the aim is to make the flow in the inlet to the pump as resistance-free as possible.

It is basically known to solve the problem of the flow resistance of such shredding devices by increasing the distance between the two shredding shafts, increasing the length of the shredding shafts and increasing the size of the shredding cutting elements or the diameter of the shredding cutting elements designed as disks with circumferentially arranged cutting teeth raise. Although these measures can solve the problem of increased flow resistance, they lead to shredding devices that take up a lot of installation space, are heavy and cause additional costs to manufacture.

A shredding device is known from WO 2018/146247 A1, in which a curved wall provided with slots is provided on both sides in addition to two intermeshing shredding shafts. In this device, the liquid flowing through the comminution device is provided with an additional passage cross-section in addition to the comminution shafts, and solids can only pass through this additional passage cross-section if they have a size that is smaller than the size of the slot. In order to avoid clogging of the slots, this device provides for the slots to be cleared by means of clearing fingers, which comb through the slots. move through it. It has been shown that this type of comminution device provides an increased liquid throughput and maintains this even with many types of solids over a long period of operation without the occurrence of blockages. However, under certain circumstances, in particular when solids with a high proportion of solid fibers are contained in the fluid, an accumulation in the slots occurs, which can no longer be removed even by the clearing fingers, and this builds up the flow and the Clogs that hinder the movement of the clearing finger.

From WO 2019/126456 A1 a comminution device is known which, in a symmetrical structure, also has a bypass liquid flow through two drums. The drums are sealed off from the housing by means of a side rail equipped with a sealing element. This sealing element can be designed as a plastic strip or a brush. This previously known embodiment thus includes the function that through an exact seal by means of plastic strips or a sealing brush, the liquid can only pass through the two drums and through the free spaces between the shredding elements and therefore follows the approach of a correspondingly generated high pressure gradient or the Avoid a pressure drop through a gap between the drum and the inner wall of the housing to achieve a cleaning function of the openings in the sieve drum. In practice, however, it has been shown that the openings in the sieve drum cannot be kept clear and, depending on the nature of the solids in the liquid containing solids, the openings in the sieve drum can clog relatively quickly and do not flush themselves, although a corresponding one Sealing and corresponding pressure differences are built up. The invention is based on the object of providing a comminution device while avoiding such disadvantages, which achieves reliable comminution with reduced flow resistance both in liquid flows with a low solids content and high volume throughput and in liquid flows with a high solids content. This object is achieved according to the invention with a comminution device of the type described at the outset, in which a bypass flow path running parallel to the comminution flow path extends from the inlet opening to the outlet opening through the plurality of sieve wall openings, and the clearing device is formed by at least one brush element with a plurality of brush hairs will, being the first The screen wall and the brush element are movable relative to one another and the brush hairs at least partially engage in the screen wall openings when the brush element moves relative to the screen wall.

According to the invention, a brush element is provided in order to free or keep the screen wall openings in the screen walls free of solids. For this purpose, a relative movement is provided between the brush element and the screen wall, by means of which the clearing effect is achieved. This relative movement can preferably be designed in such a way that the brush element is fixedly attached to the housing and the screen wall moves relative to the housing. Conversely, however, a movement of the brush element can also be provided with the screen wall fixed to the housing, or both the screen wall and the brush element can move relative to the housing. The invention is based on the knowledge that the use of a brush element instead of clearing fingers which comb through slots in the sieve wall causes the openings in the sieve wall to be kept clear more reliably than fibrous materials. In this respect, surprisingly, the brush element can remove such fibrous materials from the openings at an early stage, before these fibrous materials have settled on the edges of the openings, and although a brush element is less stable than a clearing finger and therefore a clearing device that works with lower clearing forces is to be considered, but a more effective keeping of the openings of the sieve wall clear of such fibrous materials can be achieved. The brush element can be formed from a brush strip which extends along the outer wall of the sieve drum. The brush element can for example run parallel to the sieve drum axis or extend obliquely, for example helically, around the sieve drum axis. The brush element is preferably arranged along its entire course in a single radius around the sieve drum axis, so that each section of the brush element is at the same distance from the sieve drum axis. The brush element has a plurality of brush hairs. These brush hairs are on the one hand arranged next to one another in the longitudinal extension of the brush element, but can also be arranged in several rows to one another, so that several brush hairs are also arranged next to one another transversely to the direction of extension of the brush element. The brush hairs are preferably made of a plastic, for example the brush hairs can be made of polyethylene, polyamide or polypropylene. In particular, it is preferred if the brush hairs are designed to be stiffer than, for example, brushes made from natural hair. For the use according to the invention, brush elements are particularly suitable, the brush hairs of which have an elastic resilience after deformation, which when deformed by up to 5%, preferably up to 10% and in particular up to 20% achieve an almost complete or complete elastic recovery without plastic deformation components in the initial geometry.

The brush hairs of the brush element preferably at least partially engage in the screen wall openings. This means that the screen wall and the brush element are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that the ends of the brush hairs protrude at least slightly into the screen wall openings when the screen wall and the brush element do not move relative to one another. The brush hairs are consequently not arranged at a distance from the screen wall, but lie on the screen wall. This effectively removes solids that get caught in the screen wall openings. In certain applications, the brush hairs can also be arranged at a short distance from the outer screen wall surface, so that the brush hair only grips and removes it when a solid is lodged in the opening and thus protrudes beyond the outer screen wall surface. This brings about a gentle design of the contact between the brush element and the screen wall and low wear on the brush hairs.

By providing the brush hairs according to the invention, direct mechanical cleaning and freeing of clogging of the openings in the sieve drum is consequently achieved. For this purpose, the brush element can in particular be designed in such a way that mechanically robust brush hairs are formed on it. The brush element can be designed in such a way that the brush hairs are arranged therein spaced apart in the axial direction of the axis of rotation of the sieve drum, in particular such that there are spaces between the brush hairs of the brush elements through which the liquid can flow. The brush element can in particular have a plurality of brush hair tufts axially spaced from one another in the direction of the axis of rotation of the sieve drum, with a free space being arranged between adjacent brush hair tufts through which the liquid can flow. As a result of the flow around the brush hair tufts, a good cleaning function of the brush element is achieved. The brush element dispenses with a sealing function. In particular, it can be provided that the brush element does not act as a sealing element, that is to say in particular that it seals the space between the sieve drum and the housing.

A first preferred embodiment of the comminuting device according to the invention is characterized by a second one extending through the interior of the housing Shredding shaft which is arranged for rotation about a second shredding shaft axis and to which a plurality of second shredding cutting elements axially spaced apart along the second shredding shaft axis is attached, wherein the drive device for driving the second shredding shaft is designed in a rotational movement. With such a second shredding shaft, solids can be effectively shredded in the area between the two shredding shafts as well as in the area lying on the outside of the comb area of the two shredding shafts, this shredding effect being achieved by a combined shearing and tearing action and thereby a high throughput of solids and liquid is already achieved in the area of the two shredding shafts. In addition, the flow effect generated by the two shredding shafts enables a favorable flow of the fluid in the inlet-side area in front of the shredding shafts and the sieve walls, which promotes the removal of large solids from the area of the sieve walls into the area of the shredding shafts. For this purpose, it is particularly preferred if the two shredding shafts move in opposite directions to one another and, in this case, execute a rotational movement in their intermeshing area, which produces a conveying effect from the inlet to the outlet opening.

It is even further preferred if the sieve device is designed as a sieve drum around a sieve drum axis, on the circumference of which the sieve wall is arranged. By designing the screening device as a screening drum, on the one hand, favorable flow guidance is made possible both on the inlet side and on the outlet side. Furthermore, by means of this configuration, the relative movement between the brush element and the screen wall can be carried out in an advantageous manner by a rotational movement or a pivoting movement about the screen drum axis. The sieve drum can preferably rotate or pivot about the sieve drum axis.

The shredding device can be further developed by a clearing drive device which is coupled to the first sieving device or the first clearing device in order to generate a relative movement between the first sieving device and the first clearing device. Such a clearing drive device, which can be designed as an electric motor or hydraulic motor, for example, generates a preferably constant or periodically acting relative movement between the screen wall and the brush element and thereby clears the openings of solids. The clearing drive device can in particular also be formed by a drive device of the shredding shafts, for example by the shredding shafts and the sieve drum and / or the brush element being coupled to one another and driven synchronously by a drive device. Such a coupling can, for example, through a gear drive, a belt drive, a mechanical lever construction or the like.

It is particularly preferred if the sieve drum is rotatably mounted about the sieve drum axis and the clearing drive device is coupled to the sieve drum for driving the sieve drum in a rotational movement around the sieve drum axis. In this embodiment, the sieve drum rotates around the sieve drum axis in a constant or pivoting (reciprocal) movement and the brush element can in particular be arranged stationary on the housing and exert the clearing effect through this rotational movement of the sieve drum. According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the sieve drum is arranged adjacent to the first shredding shaft and the sieve wall extends, starting from the area adjoining the shredding shaft, over an inlet circumferential angle which defines the circumferential section of the sieve drum, over which fluid flowing through the inlet opening through the sieve wall in the sieve drum can flow in, and the sieve wall is divided into several sieve wall segments, of which at least one sieve wall segment extends over a segment circumferential angle around the sieve drum axis which is less than or equal to the inlet circumferential angle, or - the sieve drum is arranged adjacent to the first shredding shaft and the sieve wall is arranged Starting from the region adjoining the shredding shaft, it extends over an outlet circumferential angle which defines the circumferential section of the sieve drum, over which fluid flowing to the outlet opening through the sieve wall out of the Si ebtrommel can flow out, and the sieve wall is divided into several sieve wall segments, of which at least one sieve wall segment extends over a segment circumferential angle around the sieve drum axis which is smaller than or equal to the outlet circumferential angle.

According to this embodiment, the sieve wall is divided into several sieve wall segments which are arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction of the sieve drum around the sieve drum axis. A sieve wall segment therefore extends around the sieve drum axis only by a limited angular range which is smaller than the total circumferential angle of the sieve wall is, for example, the screen wall can be divided into two screen wall segments that each extend over 180 ° or into three screen wall segments that each extend over 120 ° circumferential angle. At least one of the sieve wall segments of a sieve drum extends over a circumferential angle that is so small that this sieve wall segment is dismantled starting from an assembly through the inlet opening and disassembled in the direction of the inlet opening or starting from an assembly through the outlet opening and removed through the outlet opening can be. In this way, the sieve drum itself can be removed without having to dismantle a shredding shaft. As a result of this removal of a screen wall segment, on the one hand, the interior of the screen drum becomes accessible and can therefore be freed from solids that have accumulated therein with little maintenance effort. This makes it possible, in particular, to remove smaller solids that pass through the openings but accumulate in the interior of the sieve drum without great maintenance effort and thereby restore the throughput through the comminution device to the original extent. On the other hand, this also enables easy access to the interior of the sieve drum, which is helpful, for example, for maintenance work on the bearings of the sieve drum. Finally, this configuration also allows damaged screen wall segments to be replaced in a simple manner and without removing the screen drum, which in turn represents an advantageous option for maintenance. For this purpose, it is particularly preferred if all screen wall segments extend over a circumferential angle that enables such a removal through the inlet opening or through the outlet opening without the need to remove the sieve drum or one or both of the shredding shafts.

According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the sieve drum has a sieve drum frame to which the sieve wall segments are attached and that the at least one sieve wall segment is releasably attached to the sieve drum frame and can be opened or dismantled radially outward with respect to the sieve drum axis. The design of the sieve drum with a sieve drum frame initially enables an inherently rigid and stable structure of the sieve drum with good support of the sieve wall segments even against higher pressure gradients that can occur from the inlet opening to the outlet opening and act on the sieve wall segments. The sieve drum frame can be formed here by a respective end plate, for example as a round end plate, and struts axially extending between these end plates in the area of the outer circumference. The struts can be arranged at an angular distance from one another which corresponds to the angle of extension Screen wall segment corresponds. It is preferred, for example, if the screen wall segments are fastened to these struts by means of a connection by means of several screws, so that a stable fastening and at the same time easy detachability of the screen wall segments is achieved. A screen wall segment can be fastened to the screen drum frame in a detachable manner or it can be opened by being fastened to the screen drum frame with a hinge, joint or the like. The releasability or the ability to be opened is preferably designed in such a way that the screen wall segment can be removed or folded radially outward. As a result of this configuration, the dismantling or opening of the screen wall segment is not blocked by material located in the interior of the sieve drum, so that the purpose of cleaning can also be carried out when the interior is heavily soiled. It is even further preferred if the screen wall segments are attached to the outer circumference of the screen drum frame in an aligned manner, in such a way that the outer surface of the screen wall segments is arranged in a radius around the screen drum axis which is greater than or equal to the radius of an outwardly protruding portion of the screen drum frame, or the sieve wall segments are attached to the sieve drum frame so that they are flush with one another on the outside circumference, in such a way that the outer surface of the sieve wall segments completely covers the sieve drum frame. According to this embodiment, the sieve wall segments are arranged over the outer circumference either in such a way that the entire outer circumference of the sieve drum axis is formed by the sieve wall segments or the outwardly protruding parts of the sieve drum frame are arranged in such a way that they are aligned with the outer surface of the sieve wall segments or radially opposite them are arranged inwardly set back. This configuration enables the openings in the screen wall segments to be cleaned in a simple manner by rotating the screen drum, for example by arranging stationary brush elements at such a distance from the outer surface of the screen wall segments that the brush elements sweep over the screen wall segments at a small distance the screen wall segments or lie on the outer surfaces of the screen wall segments in such a way that the brush hairs penetrate slightly into the openings. It is further preferred if the screening drum is rotatably mounted in the housing by means of two stub axles about the drum axis and that the stub axles can be removed from the interior of the screening drum or from outside the housing. Furthermore, it is preferred if the sieve drum can be removed from the housing through the inlet or outlet opening in a radial direction with respect to the rotating drum axis after such a dismantling of the stub axle or a general dismantling of the drum axle bearing. The design of the mounting of the sieve drum by means of such two stub axles advantageously enables the sieve drum to be dismantled without requiring significant installation space in the axial direction of the sieve drum axis above or below the housing. A stub axle represents a short axis which does not extend over the entire length of the screen drum, but is only arranged at the respective front ends and serves to support the screen drum. The stub axle or the rotary bearing can preferably be dismantled inwards into the interior of the sieve drum and by assembly steps that are carried out from the interior. As a result, access to the housing from the outside for this dismantling is not necessary, so that the bearing of the sieve drum can easily be dismantled after removing a sieve wall segment. Alternatively, dismantling of the mounting of the sieve drum from the outside may also be preferred in certain arrangements; here, too, the use of stub axles makes it unnecessary to draw a large assembly space, for example dimensioned according to the length of the sieve drum, around an axis that extends completely through the sieve drum can hold up. The sieve drum can be removed radially after the bearings have been dismantled. This allows the sieve drum to be removed from the housing through the inlet opening or the outlet opening and considerably simplifies maintenance work on the sieve drum or its bearings. Contrary to current designs, in which the housing has to allow a cover to be removed in order to remove the sieve drum in the axial direction, this saves a considerable amount of installation space that would be necessary for such dismantling, and enables simple assembly and maintenance of the sieve drum by using the often already easy access through the inlet opening or the outlet opening to dismantle the sieve drum and remove it from the housing.

It is even more preferred if the sieve drum is rotatably mounted about the sieve drum axis at a first end with a first rotary bearing and at a second end with a second rotary bearing in the housing and the first and / or the second rotary bearing, preferably the one in the installed position of the Crushing device is a rotary bearing arranged below, a plain bearing. By using a plain bearing one side or both sides of the sieve drum for its rotary bearing, a bearing that is robust on the one hand, and insensitive to corrosion on the other hand, is achieved, which can continue to perform its storage function even when media are ingress. In particular when the interior of the housing is under high pressure and there is a flow through it, it is advantageous if a plain bearing is used in order to maintain a reliable rotational bearing even if a bearing seal fails. A plain bearing has the further advantage that the supported axle can be easily dismantled by pulling it axially out of the bearing. This is particularly advantageous when using stub axles in order to achieve a quick and structurally inexpensive dismantling of the screening drum.

According to the invention, a sieve device is provided which has a sieve wall. The solids-carrying liquid can flow through this sieve wall from the inlet opening to the outlet opening, the sieve effect preventing solids above a certain size, namely above the sieve mesh size or opening size, from being able to pass through the sieve wall. The sieve wall therefore achieves a reduction in the flow resistance through the comminution device by providing additional flow paths for the liquid. This prevents solids above a certain size from being able to flow through the comminution device on these flow paths. In order to keep the sieve wall with the openings contained therein permeable, a clearing device is furthermore provided according to the invention. The clearing device comprises a plurality of brush hairs, a relative movement taking place between the brush hairs and the screen wall. Through this relative movement, the brush hairs capture solids which partially or completely block the openings, clear this and thereby keep the openings free.

In principle, the relative movement can be actively or passively driven, for example the relative movement can be brought about by the flow effect of the liquid through the comminution device, this being achieved if necessary by appropriate flow guide elements that are coupled to the brush elements or the sieve device. Furthermore, the clearing device or the sieving device can be coupled to the first and / or the second shredding shaft and driven by the coupling, which synchronizes the relative movement with the movement of the shredding cutting elements. According to a first preferred embodiment, the shredding device can be developed by a clearing drive device which is coupled to the first clearing shaft and sets the first clearing shaft in rotation. According to this development, a clearing drive device is provided, such as an electric motor, a hydraulic motor or the like, with which the clearing shaft on which the clearing elements are attached is set in rotation so that the clearing elements describe a circular path as a movement path and this circular path extends at least in sections through the slots. It is to be understood that each clearing element basically follows its own path of movement, for example each clearing element is assigned to a slot in the screen wall and clears it, or that several such clearing elements are provided for clearing a slot and these successively on a matching or Comb through the deviating movement path.

According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the clearing drive device comprises hydrodynamically acting fluid guide elements, which are arranged in the interior and are exposed to the flow of liquid flowing through the interior, or an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven motor. According to this embodiment, the clearing drive device is formed by fluid guide elements such as guide vanes, which have been flown against by the liquid flow through the interior space and are set in motion, whereby the rotation of the first clearing shaft is effected. Alternatively, a motor can be provided which generates a movement of the clearing elements that is effected independently of the flow through the interior. This motor can in particular be arranged outside the interior space in order to prevent the motor from being loaded with liquid.

According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the first and second shredding shafts between the first screening device and a second screening device with a second screen wall, which has a plurality of openings, and a second clearing device with at least one second brush element with a plurality of brush hairs, wherein the second screen wall and the second brush element are movable relative to one another and the brush hairs preferably at least partially engage in the screen wall openings when the brush element moves relative to the second screen wall. According to this embodiment, a total of two screening devices are provided, which are preferably structurally identical and mirror-symmetrical to a plane which extends centrally between the two shredding shafts in the flow direction and parallel to the shredding shafts through the interior. Alternatively, the However, the second screening device can also be designed with a different geometry, a different arrangement or a different clearing device than the first screening device. In this embodiment with two sieve devices, the first and second shredding shafts are arranged between the two sieve devices so that the liquid flowing through the interior can take a total of three general liquid flow paths through the interior, one liquid path goes through the first sieve device, one liquid path through the second Sieving device and a liquid path goes through the area of the two shredding shafts. The advantage of these two arrangements is that an overall homogeneous flow pattern is achieved at the outlet, that solids can continue to be conveyed from both sides through the first and second clearing device in the direction of the shredding shafts when the slots in the first and second screening device to be evacuated. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if the relative movement between the brush elements and the sieve devices generates a flow movement of the fluid from the outside inwards, ie directed towards the shredding shafts, in order to convey solids to the shredding shafts.

It is furthermore preferably provided if the relative movement between the first screen wall and the first brush element and the relative movement between the second screen wall and the second brush element take place synchronously, preferably by means of a mechanical coupling to a common clearing drive device. According to this embodiment, the first clearing drive device and the second clearing drive device can be designed integrally or coupled to one another and, in particular, are set in rotation together, which causes a synchronous movement and a synchronous drive of the first and second.

According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the axial distance between two axially adjacent first shredding elements is at least the same, at least twice as large, at least five times as large, or at least ten times as large as the ball passage of the openings in the sieve walls. According to this embodiment, the axial distance between two axially adjacent first comminuting elements is at least twice as large, in particular at least five times as large, preferably at least ten times as large as the ball passage of the openings. According to this embodiment, the axial distance between two adjacent comminuting elements in the axial direction is in a certain minimum size ratio to the spherical passage of the openings in the first or the second sieve wall. As a ball passage is to be understood here as a dimension that the diameter of a describes a circular sphere that just fits through the openings in the sieve wall, i.e. the maximum diameter of a sphere that can pass through an opening in the sieve wall. The ratio defined in this way ensures, on the one hand, that solids above a certain size cannot pass through the interior space from the inlet to the outlet opening, neither through the screen wall nor through the shredding shafts. It should be understood that the distance between two shredding elements is understood as the axial dimension of the free space in relation to the axis of rotation of the shredding shaft between the one shredding element and the other shredding element, i.e., for example, in the case of disc-shaped shredding elements with teeth on the circumference, the axial distance between the facing end faces of two axially adjacent disc-shaped cutting elements of a shredding shaft. It is to be understood that, during operation, a cutting element of the second shredding shaft engages in the intermediate space formed in this way, which is formed by the axial distance, of two shredding elements of the first shredding shaft and thereby narrows the passage cross-section. This has the effect that in the area in which the cutting elements of the first and second shredding shafts mesh with one another, only solids with a very small dimension can pass through. On the other hand, in the areas on the outside of this, in which the cutting elements do not mesh with one another, a larger cross section is provided for the passage of solids. In principle, the cutting elements can execute a movement that is directed against the direction of flow of the solids in this outer area, for example such that the first and second shredding shafts execute opposite rotations in the inner circumferential area in which the cutting elements mesh with one another , is directed in the direction of flow of the liquid from the inlet to the outlet opening.

It should be understood that the free spaces between the cutting elements in the outer areas, in which the first and second cutting elements do not mesh with one another, can also be partially or completely filled by fixed elements that are attached to the housing of the shredding device, with which then comb the cutting elements accordingly in order to prevent the passage of solids above a certain size or in total in this outer area.

It is still further preferred that the first and second shredding shafts are driven in opposite directions of rotation and that the first and second shredding shafts Reduction shaft axis preferably run parallel and spaced from one another. According to this embodiment, the two shredding shafts extend parallel to each other, so that the axes of rotation of the two shredding shafts are everywhere at the same distance from each other. This structure can in particular bring about a good and homogeneous shredding performance along the entire length of the shredding shafts.

It is even further preferred if the first sieve wall has a curved sieve wall surface which preferably represents a cylindrical surface around the first sieve drum axis. The design of the first sieve wall with a curved sieve wall surface, on the one hand, promotes the sliding of solids along the sieve wall and consequently prevents the accumulation of solids, as would occur, for example, with a flat sieve wall surface. In particular, the curvature of the sieve wall surface can be designed in such a way that the inlet opening of the sieve wall facing the inlet opening is convexly curved, so that solids are prevented from being deposited and collected on the sieve wall due to the possibility of solids sliding along the convexly curved surface. In particular, the configuration with a convex screen wall surface allows the relative movement to take place on a circular path and consequently can be implemented as a rotational movement of the screen wall due to the cylindrical geometry of the screen wall.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying figures. The following figures show the preferred embodiment of the comminuting device according to the invention in different views and perspectives. Show it:

1 shows a perspective view from the front and side of a comminuting device according to the invention; FIG. 1 a is a perspective view of the circled and marked "A" detail of FIG. 1;

FIG. 1 b shows a perspective view of the circled and “B” detail of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1c shows a perspective view of the circled and “C” detail of FIG. 1a; FIG. 2 shows a perspective side view of the comminuting device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 with a dismantled sieve drum;

3 shows a front view of a housing interior of the comminuting device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 with a sieve drum removed; FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of the circled and "A" detail of FIG. 3;

FIG. 3b shows a perspective view of the circled detail of FIG. 3 labeled “B”;

FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show a housing 10 with a housing interior 10 of a comminuting device according to the invention. The shredding device has a first shredding shaft 11 and a second shredding shaft 12 (covered in FIG. 1) rotatably mounted around a first and second shredding shaft axis 100, 200 within the housing 10 in the housing interior 10a. The first shredding shaft 11 and the second shredding shaft 12 have a plurality of shredding cutting elements which are formed on cutter disks 111, 112 and axially spaced along a first and a second shredding shaft axis, respectively. Both the first shredding shaft 11 and the second shredding shaft 12 consist of several knife disks 111, 112. The housing interior has a housing interior which comprises an inlet opening 13 and an outlet opening 14 through which solids or liquids laden with solids are fed to the housing interior can, or can be derived from it. The shredding shafts 11, 12 extend in the housing interior in the installed position in the vertical direction.

The two shredding shafts 11, 12 rotate at different speeds, so that with each revolution other shredding cutting elements of adjacent cutter disks 111, 112 of the two shredding shafts 11, 12 come into engagement with one another and one

Shear between the comminution cutting elements is achieved.

A gear 20 is arranged in a gear compartment, which consists of two gear wheels with different numbers of teeth, which are fastened directly to the shredding shafts 11, 12 in a torque-proof manner and mesh with one another. As a result, an opposing rotational movement of the two shredding shafts 11, 12 is generated, which with different Speed running. One of the two shredding shafts 11 or 12 is led out of the housing interior and can be set in rotation by means of a drive motor 25. This rotation is transmitted to the other shredding shaft 11, 12 through the gearbox 20. As a result, the first shredding shaft 11 rotates about a first shredding shaft axis and the second shredding shaft 12 rotates in an opposite direction of rotation about a second shredding shaft axis. The first shredding shaft axis and the second shredding shaft axis run parallel to and at a distance from one another.

On the circumference of each knife disk 111, 112, eight comminuting cutting elements are formed in each case, evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The shredding cutting elements form helical lines of a thread with a steep pitch along the circumference of each shredding shaft 11, 12. The shredding cutting elements of one shredding shaft form a left-hand thread, the shredding cutting elements of the other shredding shaft form a right-hand thread. A first sieve drum 30 is arranged adjacent to the first shredding shaft 11 and is mounted in the housing so as to be rotatable about a first sieve drum axis 300. The first sieve drum 30 comprises a first sieve wall 31, which has a cylindrical surface and is formed by a total of three sieve wall segments 31a-c. Each screen wall segment has a multiplicity of openings 32. The sieve drum 30 is set in rotation about the sieve drum axis 300 by means of a drive motor 35 via a transmission 36.

A brush element 50 shown in more detail in FIGS. 1 a and 1 c lies adjacent to the first sieve drum 30 and extends parallel to the first sieve drum axis 300. The brush element 50 is arranged and attached to the outer edge of the housing. It comprises a multiplicity of brush hairs and is arranged at such a distance from the first sieve drum axis 300 that the brush hairs sweep over the outer surface of the sieve wall 31 and protrude to a small extent into the openings 32. If the sieve drum is rotated around the sieve drum axis, the bust hairs free the openings from solids located therein and thereby keep the openings free. Analogously to this, adjacent to the second shredding shaft 12, a second sieve drum 40 is mounted rotatably about a second sieve drum axis 400 and a second brush element is arranged adjacent thereto. In the figure, the mounting position is this second Brush element denoted by the reference numeral 60. The second sieve drum 40 and the second brush element at the assembly position 60 are mirror-symmetrical about a mirror plane between the two shredding shafts to the first sieve drum 30 and the first brush element 50 and comprise a second cylindrical sieve wall 41, which also consists of three sieve wall segments 41 ac is formed, each having a plurality of openings 42.

The shredding shaft axes 100, 200 and the sieve drum axes 300, 400 are arranged parallel to one another and extend transversely to the direction of flow through the housing from the inlet to the outlet opening. The cylindrical surfaces of the first and second screen walls 31, 41 each form a convex outer surface. An angular range of approx. 120 ° of the cylinder surface of the first sieve drum around the drum's longitudinal axis faces the inlet opening and is delimited by the first shredding shaft 11, which is adjacent to the sieve drum, and the first brush element 50. In the same way, an angular range of approx. 120 ° of the cylinder surface of the second sieve drum points around the sieve drum axis 400 to the inlet opening and is limited by the second shredding shaft 12 adjacent to the sieve drum and the second brush element.

The screen wall segments 30a-c and 40a-c are, as shown in detail in FIG. 1b, each detachably fastened to a first or second screen drum frame 38 by means of a plurality of screws 37. The sieve drum frame is formed by end-face round end plates and by three longitudinal struts extending axially in the area of the outer circumference. Each sieve wall segment 30a-c, 40a-c extends over a circumferential angle of 120 ° around the drum longitudinal axis 300 or 400. After loosening the screw fastening, a sieve wall segment can therefore be removed from the sieve drum mounted in the housing from the sieve drum frame to the inlet opening and through the inlet port can be removed as shown in FIG. 2

By removing a single screen wall segment 30a, c, 40a-c, the interior of the screen wall drum 30, 40 becomes accessible. The screen drum 30 is, as shown in detail in FIGS. The stub axles are releasably attached to the respective upper and lower end plates of the sieve drum frame by means of screws 38a, 39a. After loosening this screw connection, the stub axles 38, 39 can be in the Interior of the sieve drum are axially pulled out of the sliding bearing 38a, 39a, whereby the rotary guide and mounting of the sieve drum in the housing is canceled. The sieve drum can thereby be removed in the radial direction from the housing through the inlet opening, as shown in FIG. 2. This dismantling option is implemented in the same way for the second screen drum 40.

Claims

Expectations

1 . Crushing device for solids-carrying liquids, comprising a housing (10) with an inlet opening (13), an outlet opening (14) and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening, a first shredding shaft (11) extending through the housing interior which is capable of rotating a first shredding shaft axis (100) is arranged and to which a plurality of first shredding cutting elements axially spaced along the first shredding shaft axis is attached, a drive device (20, 25) for driving the first shredding shaft in a rotational movement, a shredding flow path extending from the Inlet opening around the shredding shaft to the outlet opening through the interior, a first sieve device (30) arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first shredding shaft with a first sieve wall (31) with a plurality of sieve wall openings (32) and a first A clearing device for removing blockages from the sieve wall openings, the sieving device and the clearing device being movable relative to one another, characterized in that a bypass flow path running parallel to the comminution flow path extends from the inlet opening to the outlet opening through the sieve wall openings (32), and - the clearing device by at least one brush element (50) with a

A plurality of brush hairs is formed, the first screen wall and the brush element being movable relative to one another and the brush hairs preferably at least partially engaging the screen wall openings when the brush element moves relative to the screen wall.

2. Crushing device according to claim 1, characterized by a second shredding shaft (12) extending through the interior of the housing, which is arranged for rotation about a second shredding shaft axis (200) and to which a plurality of second shredding cutting elements axially spaced along the second shredding shaft axis is attached, the drive device for driving of the second crushing shaft is formed in a rotational movement.

3. Crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sieve device is designed as a sieve drum (30) around a sieve drum axis (300), on the circumference of which the sieve wall is arranged.

4. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a clearing drive device (35, 36) which is coupled to the first sieving device or the first clearing device for generating a relative movement between the first sieving device and the first clearing device.

5. Crushing device according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the sieve drum is rotatably mounted about the sieve drum axis, and the clearing drive device is coupled to the sieve drum for driving the sieve drum in a rotational movement about the sieve drum axis.

6. Crushing device according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that the sieve drum is arranged adjacent to the first shredding shaft and the sieve wall extends, starting from the area adjoining the shredding shaft, over an inlet circumferential angle which defines the circumferential section of the sieve drum over which through the inlet opening inflowing fluid can flow through the sieve wall into the sieve drum, and the sieve wall in several sieve wall segments (31a-c) under- of which at least one sieve wall segment extends over a segment circumferential angle around the sieve drum axis that is less than or equal to the inlet circumferential angle, or the sieve drum is arranged adjacent to the first shredding shaft and the sieve wall extends from the area adjoining the shredding shaft over an outlet circumferential angle , which defines the circumferential section of the sieve drum, over which fluid flowing to the outlet opening can flow out of the sieve drum through the sieve wall, and the sieve wall is divided into several sieve wall segments (31 ac), of which at least one sieve wall segment extends over a segment circumferential angle around the sieve drum axis that is less than or equal to the outlet circumferential angle.

7. Comminution device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sieve drum has a sieve drum frame to which the sieve wall segments are attached and that the at least one

The sieve wall segment is releasably attached to the sieve drum frame and can be opened or dismantled radially outward with respect to the sieve drum axis.

8. Crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that - the sieve wall segments are attached to the outer circumference in alignment with the sieve drum frame, in such a way that the outer surface of the sieve wall segments is arranged in a radius around the sieve drum axis that is greater than or equal to the radius of an outwardly protruding portion of the sieve drum frame, or the sieve wall segments are attached to the sieve drum frame in such a way that the outside surface of the sieve wall segments completely covers the sieve drum frame.

9. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sieve drum is mounted rotatably about the sieve drum axis by means of two stub axles (38, 39) in the housing and that the Axle stubs can be removed from the interior of the sieve drum or from outside the housing.

10. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sieve drum can be removed from the housing in a radial direction with respect to the rotary drum axis through the inlet or outlet opening after a drum axle bearing has been dismantled.

11th Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sieve drum is rotatably mounted around the sieve drum axis at a first end with a first rotary bearing and at a second end with a second rotary bearing in the housing and that the first and / or the second Rotary bearing, preferably the rotary bearing arranged at the bottom when the shredding device is installed, is a slide bearing (19).

12. Crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the Räumantriebsvorrichtung hydrodynamically acting fluid guide elements, which are arranged in the interior and flow through the interior fluid flow through the interior, or comprises an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven motor.

13. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and optionally second crushing shaft between the first screening device and a second screening device with a second screen wall having a plurality of openings, and a second clearing device with at least one second brush element with a plurality of brush hairs, the second screen wall and the second brush element being movable relative to one another and the brush hairs at least partially engaging the screen wall openings when the brush element moves relative to the second screen wall.

14. Crushing device according to claim 13, characterized in that the relative movement between the first screen wall and the first brush element and the relative movement between the second screen wall and the second brush element takes place synchronously, preferably by means of a mechanical coupling to a common clearing drive device.

15. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial distance between two axially adjacent first crushing elements is at least the same, at least twice as large, at least five times as large, or at least ten times as large as the ball passage of the openings in the sieve walls.

16. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the openings or at least the majority of the openings in the sieve walls extend in the circumferential direction by a length which is not more than 50% different from an extension of the opening in the axial direction in relation to the sieve drum axis.

17. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second crushing shafts are driven in opposite directions of rotation and that the first and second crushing shaft axes are preferably parallel and spaced from one another.

18. Crushing device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first sieve wall has a curved sieve wall surface, which preferably represents a cylindrical surface around the first sieve drum axis.