EP4146985A1 - Dichtung zur verwendung bei einem hitzeschildelement - Google Patents
Dichtung zur verwendung bei einem hitzeschildelementInfo
- Publication number
- EP4146985A1 EP4146985A1 EP21739593.8A EP21739593A EP4146985A1 EP 4146985 A1 EP4146985 A1 EP 4146985A1 EP 21739593 A EP21739593 A EP 21739593A EP 4146985 A1 EP4146985 A1 EP 4146985A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- heat shield
- groove
- height
- recesses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/002—Wall structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/00012—Details of sealing devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/00017—Assembling combustion chamber liners or subparts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a seal for use in a heat shield element of a combustion chamber, by means of which an uncontrolled flow of cooling air is to be prevented.
- Heat shield elements are often used in combustion chambers, in particular in gas turbines.
- heat shield elements made of a ceramic material as well as of a metallic material are known.
- the task is to equip the inside of the combustion chamber with a component that is as robust as possible and yet replaceable.
- cooling of the heat shield elements by means of cooling air is generally used. The cooling air is fed to the underside of the heat shield elements, the aim being to prevent an uncontrolled flow between the heat shield elements into the combustion chamber.
- seals are used, which are inserted into grooves on circumferential webs on the underside of the heat shield elements.
- the seals have a rectangular cross-section and extend essentially over the length or Width of the heat shield elements.
- the seal rests on a support structure and thus causes the seal.
- the known seals can generally be used to seal the heat shield elements on the support structure adequately and reliably for the purpose, it has been shown to be a disadvantage that the required flow of cooling air is occasionally reduced too far. Furthermore, it has proven to be disadvantageous if the gaps between two adjacent heat shield elements are not sufficiently supplied with cooling air.
- a simple solution here is to omit the seal in sections or completely and to improve the fit between the heat shield element and the supporting structure. With a reduced gap or With better contact of the heat shield element on the supporting structure, the flow is reduced and sufficient cooling is nevertheless made possible.
- One problem is thermal deformation in different operating conditions, so that the flow can be too large or too small at times.
- a heat shield element has a hot side, which is directed towards the interior of a combustion chamber, and an opposite cold side, which is directed towards a supporting structure of the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the heat shield element has a sealing groove which extends in a longitudinal direction. It is irrelevant whether the longitudinal direction coincides with a longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber or runs transversely thereto. At least the seal is inserted in the seal groove as intended and runs accordingly along the longitudinal direction and thus also has a hot side and an opposite cold side.
- the surface of the seal on the hot side is referred to below as the groove surface.
- the seal can sometimes easily be omitted and no complex solution is required. Therefore, the invention can be used sensibly when the usable surface and the contact surface opposite are curved.
- the seal has a seal length from one end to the opposite end.
- the distance between the opposite side flanks forms the seal width.
- the distance from the groove surface to the contact surface defines the seal height depending on the respective position along the seal length.
- a nominal height is defined as the nominal distance from the groove face to the mating face.
- the seal height largely corresponds to the nominal height. This is considered to be the case if the seal height does not deviate from the nominal height by more than 10% over at least 80% of the seal length.
- the seal is provided with recesses. These are arranged on the cold side and extend along the longitudinal direction. Starting from the contact surface, the recesses penetrate into the seal in the direction of the hot side. Correspondingly, the recesses represent a material removal from the regular sealing profile between the two side flanks. To ensure the necessary flow of cooling air through the recesses, it is also provided that several mutually objectionable recesses are arranged on the cold side.
- the seal can no longer rest on a support structure along the entire length of the seal.
- the contact surface is still understood to be that surface which would be present without the recesses, d. H . the total theoretical area on the cold side over the entire length of the seal.
- the cutouts In order to be able to achieve an advantageous effect through the cutouts, it is necessary for the cutouts to extend along the longitudinal direction over a length of at least 0.1 times the length of the seal.
- the existing gaps are considered when their individual lengths are added up.
- the recesses should not be too long, so that they extend over a maximum of 40% of the length of the seal.
- a quasi-leaking seal is formed by the recesses, as a result of which there is no need to drill holes in the heat shield element. Now one could come up with the idea of forming the seal on the cold side unevenly and inappropriately to the supporting structure. However, it is then almost impossible to predict the flow of cooling air. In contrast, with the targeted introduction of the recesses, it is possible to set a desired flow of cooling air.
- the seal is preferably made of a metallic material.
- the necessary temperature resistance as well as the longevity in use can be achieved on a heat shield element while retaining the elastic properties.
- a cost-effective production as well as an advantageous adjustment of the seal in the seal groove is achieved if the seal has a constant seal width.
- the two side flanks thus run parallel to one another. If the sealing groove runs in a straight line when the cold side is viewed from above, it is advantageous if the two side flanks are flat.
- the recesses extend over a total of at least 20% of the length of the seal. In contrast, it is advantageous if the added length of the recesses is at most 0.3 times the length of the seal.
- the recesses have a depth, measured from the contact surface, of at least 0.05 times the height of the seal at the same point. It is particularly advantageous if the depth of the recess is at least 10% of the height of the seal.
- the depth is a maximum of 40% of the seal height. It is particularly advantageous here if the depth of the recesses is in each case at most 0.2 times the height of the seal.
- the sealing height is reduced towards the respective end on at least one end section, particularly preferably on both opposite end sections.
- the seal height at the end of the seal should preferably be less than 50% of the nominal height.
- the reduction in the seal height on the hot side is brought about by a corresponding approximation of the groove surface to the contact surface. It can be provided that the change in the seal height is effected in steps or by a bevel. However, a curved one is advantageous Progression from the approximate nominal height to the reduced height at the end of the seal.
- the elevation has a height relative to the adjacent groove surface of at least 0.01 times the nominal height, d. H . 1% of the nominal height, and a maximum of 0.1 times the nominal height, d. H . 10% of the nominal height. In this way, with a uniformly shaped sealing groove, a targeted and thus defined support can be brought about by means of the elevations.
- an indentation on the hot side is advantageously arranged on an end section at a distance from the end.
- the deepening has a depth of at least 5% and a maximum of 20% of the nominal height.
- the indentation can be used to provide longitudinal fixation of the seal. If there is a ridge on the same end portion, the depression is preferably between the end and the ridge.
- the inventive concept also leads to the realization of a heat shield element according to the invention.
- this has a hot side and a cold side opposite it.
- a sealing groove which is open to the cold side, extends along a longitudinal direction.
- a seal is arranged in the seal groove, which seal has a groove surface on the hot side and a contact surface on the cold side. It is necessary that the seal mounted on the heat shield element at room temperature - prior to mounting on a supporting structure - only rests on the two opposite end sections on a groove base of the seal groove, with a free space between the groove surface and the groove base being present in the area between the end sections is .
- the seal of the heat shield element has a plurality of recesses spaced apart from one another.
- the recesses extend along the longitudinal direction and start from the contact surface—analogous to the embodiment described above.
- the seal of the heat shield element has an elevation on each of the two opposite end sections on the hot side and rests with this elevation—and preferably only with this—on the base of the sealing groove.
- the heat shield comprises a support structure on which several heat shield elements are mounted, with the contact surfaces of the respective seals resting on the support structure.
- a complete contact of the contact surfaces of the respective seals on the support structure can advantageously be brought about by the seals being elastically deformed during assembly of the heat shield element.
- the seal with the contact surface is shaped in such a way that the distance between the groove surface and the groove base in the area between the end sections is reduced by the installation compared to the stress-free position before the installation. In this way, it can advantageously be ensured that the desired flow of cooling air can flow through the recesses without any significant additional leakage occurring.
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a seal according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a heat shield element according to the invention
- FIG. 3 the seal according to FIG. 1 in side view
- FIG. 4 the seal according to FIG. 1 in plan view
- Fig. Figure 5 is a detailed view of the first end portion of the seal
- Fig. 6 shows a cross section through the heat shield element in detail in the area of the seal
- Fig. Figure 7 is a view as before with the heat shield element mounted on a support structure
- Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal section through the heat shield element in the area of the seal
- Fig. 9 is a view as before with the heat shield element mounted on the support structure
- Fig. 10 is a view as in FIG. 9 with a thermal deformation of the heat shield element.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a seal 11 according to the invention in a perspective view of the contact surface 14 .
- the seal extends along a longitudinal direction from one end to the opposite end.
- a curved shape can be seen, which results from the shape of the combustion chamber and thus of the heat shield element 01 .
- the narrow visible side with the arched shape is the contact surface 14 .
- the flat side flank 19 is visible transversely to this.
- the seal height 21 decreases significantly towards the end.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary heat shield element 01 according to the invention in a perspective view.
- the heat shield element 01 is shown with the cold side 04 , with the hot side 03 not being visible on the opposite side.
- the hot side 03 faces the interior of the combustion chamber.
- the heat shield element 01 has a circumferential web that extends from the hot side 03 to the cold side 04 .
- the webs On two opposite side edges, the webs have a sealing groove 05 each extending in a longitudinal direction.
- the seal 11 is also shown here--as in FIG. 1 shown - installed in the seal groove on the left side of the illustration.
- the use of a corresponding seal with recesses is also provided.
- a seal with recesses in a transverse web is used.
- FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 the seal from FIG. 1 in a side view of a side flank 19 - FIG. 3 - and in a plan view of the groove surface 13, d. H . from the hot side 03 - Fig. 4 and a detailed view of a first end section 15 of the seal 11 - FIG. 5 .
- the seal 11 extends along a longitudinal direction and has an arcuate course.
- Opposite is the contact surface 14 , which 14 comes to rest on a support structure 09 when the heat shield element 01 is installed.
- the distance from the useful surface 13 to the contact surface 14 forms the seal height 21 .
- this is essentially constant and in this case corresponds to a nominal height of the seal 11 .
- the two opposite side flanks 19 are flat here, so that the seal 01 has a constant seal width.
- the recesses 12 can be seen, which 12 are arranged on the cold side 04 and, starting from the contact surface 14 , extend in the direction of the hot side 03 .
- the recesses 12 have a depth 22 which, in this exemplary embodiment, corresponds approximately to 0.3 times the seal height 21 .
- an embodiment with a slightly smaller depth than shown here is advantageous.
- the different shape of the end sections 15 and 16 can also be seen.
- the distance from the useful surface 13 to the contact surface 14 decreases towards the end, so that the height at the two opposite ends of the seal is approximately 0.3 times the nominal height - essentially corresponding to the seal height 21 in the course between the end sections 15, 16 - is reduced.
- each of the two end sections 15 , 16 there is an elevation 17 on each of the two end sections 15 , 16 .
- the height of the elevation 17 compared to the adjacent groove surface 13 is selected to be relatively small.
- the task of the elevations 17 is in particular to produce a defined support on a groove base 06 of the sealing groove 05 .
- Two indentations 18 are also located on the first end section 15 on the hot side 03 . These 18 enable the seal 11 to be fixed to the heat shield element 01 in the longitudinal direction.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show a detailed view of the heat shield element 01 with the seal 11 in cross section.
- the heat shield element 01 can be seen with the web shown here, which extends from the hot side to the cold side 04 and has the sealing groove 05 on the cold side 04 .
- the seal 11 is located in the seal groove 05 , with the recess 12 being located on the cold side 04 .
- FIG. 6 shows the stress-free installation of the seal 11 on the heat shield element 01, with a larger free space being present between the groove surface 13 and the groove base 06 of the seal groove 05.
- FIG. 7 the installation on a support structure 09 is outlined so that the distance between the groove base 06 and the groove surface 13 is reduced.
- FIGS. 8-10 also show the arrangement of the seal 11 on the heat shield element 01 in a longitudinal section, d. H . along the longitudinal direction.
- the seal 11 is accommodated in the seal groove 05 .
- the seal 11 rests with the two elevations 17 , which 17 are located on the end sections 15 and 16 , on the base 06 of the seal groove 05 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20194800.7A EP3964753A1 (de) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Dichtung zur verwendung bei einem hitzeschildelement |
| PCT/EP2021/067641 WO2022048809A1 (de) | 2020-09-07 | 2021-06-28 | Dichtung zur verwendung bei einem hitzeschildelement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4146985A1 true EP4146985A1 (de) | 2023-03-15 |
| EP4146985B1 EP4146985B1 (de) | 2026-04-29 |
Family
ID=72422125
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20194800.7A Withdrawn EP3964753A1 (de) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Dichtung zur verwendung bei einem hitzeschildelement |
| EP21739593.8A Active EP4146985B1 (de) | 2020-09-07 | 2021-06-28 | Hitzeschildelement mit dichtung |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20194800.7A Withdrawn EP3964753A1 (de) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Dichtung zur verwendung bei einem hitzeschildelement |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP3964753A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116097038A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022048809A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070062198A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2007-03-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combustion chamber |
| US20110197590A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2011-08-18 | Boettcher Andreas | Burner inserts for a gas turbine combustion chamber and gas turbine |
| US20120036858A1 (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | General Electric Company | Combustor liner cooling system |
| US20190383393A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | General Electric Company | Curved seal with relief cuts for adjacent gas turbine components |
| US20200271317A1 (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-08-27 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for variable microchannel combustor liner cooling |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5181379A (en) * | 1990-11-15 | 1993-01-26 | General Electric Company | Gas turbine engine multi-hole film cooled combustor liner and method of manufacture |
| EP1507116A1 (de) * | 2003-08-13 | 2005-02-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hitzeschildanordnung für eine ein Heissgas führende Komponente, insbesondere für eine Brennkammer einer Gasturbine |
| WO2008017550A1 (de) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-02-14 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Brennkammer einer verbrennungsanlage |
| CH699997A1 (de) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-05-31 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Brennkammeranordnung zum Betrieb einer Gasturbine. |
| US9587831B2 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2017-03-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Cooled combustor seal |
| US10041675B2 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2018-08-07 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Multiple ventilated rails for sealing of combustor heat shields |
-
2020
- 2020-09-07 EP EP20194800.7A patent/EP3964753A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-06-28 EP EP21739593.8A patent/EP4146985B1/de active Active
- 2021-06-28 WO PCT/EP2021/067641 patent/WO2022048809A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-06-28 CN CN202180056511.3A patent/CN116097038A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070062198A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2007-03-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combustion chamber |
| US20110197590A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2011-08-18 | Boettcher Andreas | Burner inserts for a gas turbine combustion chamber and gas turbine |
| US20120036858A1 (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | General Electric Company | Combustor liner cooling system |
| US20190383393A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | General Electric Company | Curved seal with relief cuts for adjacent gas turbine components |
| US20200271317A1 (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-08-27 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for variable microchannel combustor liner cooling |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2022048809A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116097038A (zh) | 2023-05-09 |
| EP4146985B1 (de) | 2026-04-29 |
| WO2022048809A1 (de) | 2022-03-10 |
| EP3964753A1 (de) | 2022-03-09 |
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