EP4145047A1 - Procédé et dispositif de détection de l'allumage de flammes dans une chambre de combustion d'un appareil chauffant, produit programme informatique et utilisation - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de détection de l'allumage de flammes dans une chambre de combustion d'un appareil chauffant, produit programme informatique et utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4145047A1
EP4145047A1 EP22194149.5A EP22194149A EP4145047A1 EP 4145047 A1 EP4145047 A1 EP 4145047A1 EP 22194149 A EP22194149 A EP 22194149A EP 4145047 A1 EP4145047 A1 EP 4145047A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speed
ignition
combustion chamber
flames
fan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22194149.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marvin Resch
Timo Krah
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP4145047A1 publication Critical patent/EP4145047A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N5/184—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for detecting the ignition of flames in a combustion chamber of a heating device, in particular one that can be operated with hydrogen and/or a fuel gas containing hydrogen. It is not only a question of large systems, but also of wall-mounted units for heating water and, in general, heaters for heating buildings and/or providing hot water.
  • the invention also relates to a related computer program product and use.
  • flames ignite properly this is detected by at least one sensor in or on the combustion chamber, as is an (unexpected) extinguishing of the flames.
  • a Flame monitor can be used to ensure that combustion always takes place when fuel gas is supplied or that the device is switched off if the flames do not ignite or go out.
  • heaters in which a fan is provided for supplying air and fuel gas are generally controlled by controlling the number of revolutions of the fan and adjusting a fuel gas valve. The speed of the fan is therefore continuously measured and kept at a desired value.
  • the fan is brought to a predetermined speed and maintained at this speed, while the combustion gas valve is opened and an ignition sequence is initiated by an ignition controller.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially alleviate the problems described with reference to the prior art and, in particular, to determine the ignition of flames and/or the time of ignition in the heaters described without additional instrumentation independently of sensors present in or on the combustion chamber to be able to
  • a method for observing or monitoring the ignition of flames in a combustion chamber of a heater contributes to solving the problem, with the speed of a fan for supplying an air-fuel gas mixture to the combustion chamber being observed and from a (chronological, in particular characteristic) course the engine speed indicates that flames are igniting in the combustion chamber.
  • a “characteristic” course it is possible for a “characteristic” course to be determined or ascertained beforehand and then, if necessary, to be able to be defined on the basis of specific course parameters (gradient, amplitude, speed limit values, speed characteristics map, etc.).
  • the information for such a course can be stored and thus serve as a reference for a comparison with current measurements or series of measurements during operation. From this it can be determined whether the current curve (approximately) has the properties of a “characteristic curve”, which can then lead to the “ignition” decision.
  • the curve may be characterized as follows: a rapid rise, on the order of 1% [percent], of an output speed followed by a rapid fall below the output speed and beyond Adjustment back to the initial speed, with the whole process taking place within about 1 s [second].
  • An increase in the rotational speed by at least 0.1% in less than 0.1 s is preferably interpreted by evaluation electronics as an indication that flames have ignited in the combustion chamber.
  • Such rapid speed changes in particular such characteristic curves of the speed, typically do not occur in other situations, since the drives of fans are not designed for such rapid changes.
  • the evaluation electronics particularly preferably evaluates the course of the rotational speed determined to check the function of a flame monitor or as a redundant measured value for another sensor for flame monitoring. This offers the possibility of checking the function of a flame monitor and even checking or calibrating its response time. A considerable gain in safety can be achieved here without additional instrumentation, because the proper functioning of a flame detector can be checked at least when the flames ignite, from which it can be concluded that the flame detector can also fulfill its function when the flames go out. Due to the quick and clear response of the fan speed to an ignition, this signal can also be used in parallel or as an alternative to that of a flame monitor to ensure that the fuel supply is switched off at an early stage if the ignition fails, which also means an increase in safety.
  • An arrangement for observing or monitoring the ignition of flames in a combustion chamber of a heater also contributes to solving the problem, the heater having a speed-controlled fan with which an air-fuel gas mixture is conveyed to the combustion chamber, with an ignition device for igniting the air-fuel gas mixture and with evaluation electronics being provided which are set up to recognize a characteristic course of a speed of the fan and from this to an ignition of flames and/or their time to close.
  • the evaluation unit is preferably set up to detect an increase in the speed of the fan by at least 0.1% over time in less than 0.1 s and to interpret it as an indication of ignition.
  • the engine speed and/or its time derivation show a very characteristic curve that only occurs when there is an ignition.
  • a further aspect also relates to a computer program product comprising instructions which cause the arrangement described to carry out the method described.
  • the transmitter requires a program and data to perform the ignition flame monitor function, both of which must be updated from time to time.
  • the explanations for the method can be used for a more detailed characterization of the arrangement, and vice versa.
  • the arrangement can also be set up in such a way that the method is carried out with it.
  • the heater 1 1 shows a schematic of a heating device 1 designed in particular for operation with hydrogen as the fuel gas or with hydrogen-containing fuel gas. However, it can also be used for other fuel gases.
  • the heater 1 has a fan 2 which supplies a burner 3 with air from an air supply 4 .
  • a fuel gas from a fuel gas supply 6 is added to the air via a fuel gas valve 5 .
  • a control and regulation unit 7 is connected to the fan 2 and the fuel gas valve 5 via data lines 13, so that a mixture suitable for ignition and/or continuous operation is generated and the settings made for this (e.g. speed of the fan 2 and Opening of the fuel gas valve 5) can be reported back.
  • the sensor 10 serves as a flame detector and can be used to regulate the air/fuel ratio.
  • An ionization measuring device, a UV sensor, a temperature sensor or another measuring system can be used, depending on the requirements of the respective heating device 1.
  • the sensor 10 is also connected to the control and regulation unit 7 via a data line 13 tied together.
  • the combustion chamber 15 is surrounded by a housing 8 in which heat exchanger surfaces are only indicated here. Combustion gases produced are discharged to the environment via an exhaust system 9 .
  • an ignition electrode 17 which is connected to an ignition controller 12 by means of an ignition line 14 .
  • a display 18 (which can also be at a different location during remote maintenance) provides information about the status of the heater 1.
  • evaluation electronics 11 (which can be integrated into the control and regulation unit 7) evaluate the course of the speed of the Blower or a parameter correlating therewith in order to recognize a characteristic behavior during the ignition of the combustion process.
  • this speed n shows a significant behavior when flames 16 are ignited, namely a rapid increase in an easily measurable order of approx. 1% of the speed and a subsequent drop even below the initial speed before ignition.
  • This effect is even greater with hydrogen fuel than with other fuel gases (while other types of flame safeguards may be less sensitive with hydrogen fuel gas), its progression can be easily seen, and ignition timing can be very precisely estimated from the beginning of the rise close. It is thus possible to implement the function of a flame monitor at least during ignition, as a result of which the function of sensor 10 can be checked and redundant measurement during ignition is made possible.
  • the diagram shows the course of the speed n (left Y-axis in revolutions per minute) of the fan 2 at a constant speed before ignition (e.g. up to the 9th second after the start) as a function of the time t (x-axis).
  • a steep rise at ignition from 9 seconds
  • a maximum about 1% above an initial speed and a steep fall below the initial speed up to 9.5 seconds
  • the speed of the Control and regulating unit 7 is regulated back to its target value (output speed).
  • the speed of the reaction of the blower 2 to an ignition depends on the distance to the combustion chamber, but because of the high propagation speed of pressure surges in the mixture path, it is similar to that of other measuring systems.
  • the present invention makes it possible to check the function of a conventional flame monitor when a combustion process is ignited, or to provide a redundant measuring system in order to ensure that the ignition process runs reliably.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP22194149.5A 2021-09-07 2022-09-06 Procédé et dispositif de détection de l'allumage de flammes dans une chambre de combustion d'un appareil chauffant, produit programme informatique et utilisation Pending EP4145047A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021123070.5A DE102021123070A1 (de) 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Erkennung des Zündens von Flammen in einem Verbrennungsraum eines Heizgerätes, Computerprogrammprodukt und Verwendung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4145047A1 true EP4145047A1 (fr) 2023-03-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22194149.5A Pending EP4145047A1 (fr) 2021-09-07 2022-09-06 Procédé et dispositif de détection de l'allumage de flammes dans une chambre de combustion d'un appareil chauffant, produit programme informatique et utilisation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4145047A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021123070A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3301365A1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2018-04-04 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé de commande d'un allumage d'un système de chauffage etunité de commande et système de chauffage
EP3581850A1 (fr) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-18 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur
EP3919817A1 (fr) * 2020-05-26 2021-12-08 Vaillant GmbH Procédé et dispositif de détection des défaillances lors de l'allumage d'un brûleur doté d'un ventilateur destiné à l'alimentation en air et d'une soupape à combustible

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3301365A1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2018-04-04 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé de commande d'un allumage d'un système de chauffage etunité de commande et système de chauffage
EP3581850A1 (fr) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-18 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur
EP3919817A1 (fr) * 2020-05-26 2021-12-08 Vaillant GmbH Procédé et dispositif de détection des défaillances lors de l'allumage d'un brûleur doté d'un ventilateur destiné à l'alimentation en air et d'une soupape à combustible

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Publication number Publication date
DE102021123070A1 (de) 2023-03-09

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